Penalty point system in Spain

Penalty point system in Spain

Prof. PhD. Jaime SanmartínProf. PhD. Jaime Sanmartín

[[22]]

The Spanish penalty point systemThe Spanish penalty point system Will start from the 1st of July 2006.

Approved by the Parliament on the 29th of June 2005.

Very similar to the French one:

The driver has an amount that he is going to lose with offences.

Fundamental key to reduce the fatality rate

European target to reducing by 50% the number of road fatalities by the year 2010.

Will start from the 1st of July 2006.

Approved by the Parliament on the 29th of June 2005.

Very similar to the French one:

The driver has an amount that he is going to lose with offences.

Fundamental key to reduce the fatality rate

European target to reducing by 50% the number of road fatalities by the year 2010.

[[33]]

[The situation in Spain]:: 2004[The situation in Spain]:: 2004

43,197,684 43,197,684 inhabitantsinhabitants

94,009 94,009 accidentsaccidents

4,741 killed4,741 killed

23,019,420 licences23,019,420 licences 113 killed per million 113 killed per million inhabitantsinhabitants(EU average = 95)(EU average = 95)

26,432,641 vehicles26,432,641 vehicles

[[44]]

[Evolution]:: 1979-2004[Evolution]:: 1979-2004

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

5.000.000

10.000.000

15.000.000

20.000.000

25.000.000

30.000.000

35.000.000

40.000.000

45.000.000

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

7500

8000

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

5.000.000

10.000.000

15.000.000

20.000.000

25.000.000

30.000.000

35.000.000

40.000.000

45.000.000

InhabitantsInhabitants

Killed 24hKilled 24hKilledKilled 30 days 30 days

24h24h30d30d

VehiclesVehicles

[[55]]

The pps intents…The pps intents…

To be complementarywith the regular sanction scheme: points + fine

To make aware, to re-educate

To stimulate the driver’s self-responsibility

To change his mentality regarding the offences

To be complementarywith the regular sanction scheme: points + fine

To make aware, to re-educate

To stimulate the driver’s self-responsibility

To change his mentality regarding the offences

[[66]]

Messages from the Ministry & DGT*Messages from the Ministry & DGT* Consider the driving licence not as a

vested right… …but as a vote of confidence offered by

society …that could be lost after irresponsible

driving. Then:

“Only good drivers will have their place” “We will drive better and safer”

Consider the driving licence not as a vested right…

…but as a vote of confidence offered by society

…that could be lost after irresponsible driving.

Then: “Only good drivers will have their place” “We will drive better and safer”

* General Directorate of Road Traffic

[[77]]

Pps overviewPps overview

Starting with 12 points (8 for novice)

Subtraction according offences (2 to 6)

Gaining without offences (max 15)

3 years +2

3 years more +1

Recovering points:

2/3 years without losing again 12 points

12 hour re-education course up to +4

Starting with 12 points (8 for novice)

Subtraction according offences (2 to 6)

Gaining without offences (max 15)

3 years +2

3 years more +1

Recovering points:

2/3 years without losing again 12 points

12 hour re-education course up to +4

[[88]]

Lost anyLost any points?points?Lost anyLost any points?points?

3 years3 yearsw/o loss?w/o loss?3 years3 years

w/o loss?w/o loss?3 years more3 years more

w/o loss?w/o loss?3 years more3 years more

w/o loss?w/o loss?+2+2+2+2

+1+1+1+1

1515maxmax1515

maxmax

WantWant course?course?

WantWant course?course?

+4+4maxmax+4+4

maxmax

Very seriousVery seriousoffence?offence?

Very seriousVery seriousoffence?offence?

2 years2 yearsw/o loss?w/o loss?2 years2 years

w/o loss?w/o loss?

121212123 years3 yearsw/o loss?w/o loss?3 years3 years

w/o loss?w/o loss?

Lost allLost allthe points?the points?

Lost allLost allthe points?the points?

LICENCELICENCELOSTLOST

LICENCELICENCELOSTLOST

Novel orNovel orrecidivist?recidivist?Novel orNovel or

recidivist?recidivist?

12h course12h coursepassed?passed?

12h course12h coursepassed?passed?

AnyAnycourse 2/course 2/1 1 yearsyears

before?before?

AnyAnycourse 2/course 2/1 1 yearsyears

before?before?

NNNN

YYYY

½½ time for time forprofessionalsprofessionals½½ time for time for

professionalsprofessionals

Ways of gaining pointsWays of gaining points

8888

12121212

LICENCE:LICENCE:> 3> 3 years years

LICENCE:LICENCE:> 3> 3 years years

LICENCE:LICENCE:≤ ≤ 33 years or years orAfter lossAfter loss

LICENCE:LICENCE:≤ ≤ 33 years or years orAfter lossAfter loss

[[99]]

Recover suspended licenceRecover suspended licence

May be recovered only after 6/3* months Compulsory 24 hour course of

awareness and re-education Theoretical test and a psychophysical

exam Re-starting with 8 points If all the points are lost again in less than

3 years: 12/6* months suspension

* Professional drivers

May be recovered only after 6/3* months Compulsory 24 hour course of

awareness and re-education Theoretical test and a psychophysical

exam Re-starting with 8 points If all the points are lost again in less than

3 years: 12/6* months suspension

* Professional drivers

[[1010]]

½ ½ time fortime forprofessionalsprofessionals½ ½ time fortime for

professionalsprofessionals

CourseCoursepassed?passed?CourseCourse

passed?passed?

8888

Wait 6/Wait 6/33monthsmonthsWait 6/Wait 6/33monthsmonths

Again beforeAgain before3 years?3 years?

Again beforeAgain before3 years?3 years?

NNNN

YYYY

Getting the licence againGetting the licence again

LICENCELICENCELOSTLOST

LICENCELICENCELOSTLOST

Wait 12/Wait 12/66monthsmonths

Wait 12/Wait 12/66monthsmonths

2424hourshourscoursecourse

2424hourshourscoursecourse

TheoreticalTheoreticaltest passed?test passed?TheoreticalTheoretical

test passed?test passed?

PsychophysicalPsychophysicalexam passed?exam passed?

PsychophysicalPsychophysicalexam passed?exam passed?

NEWNEWLICENCELICENCE

NEWNEWLICENCELICENCE

[[1111]]

[Losing points]::[Losing points]::

Specific serious offences:2, 3, 4 or 6 points

Maximum: 8 point per day (except very serious offences)

Specific serious offences:2, 3, 4 or 6 points

Maximum: 8 point per day (except very serious offences)

[[1212]]

[Losing points]::[Losing points]::

Alcohol >0.50 mg/l (>0.30 professionals & novels)

Drugs & other substances…

Refuse analysis of alcohol, drugs…

Speeding >50% of the limit, & at least >30 Km/h(>180 motorways, >135 roads & >80 urban)

Dangerous driving, wrong way, races…

Excess of 50% driving or rest time for carriers

-6 points-6 points

[[1313]]

[Losing points]::[Losing points]::

Driving on a motorway with prohibited vehicle

Driving with more than 50% of authorized occupants

Not obeying traffic officers signals

Driving with not appropriated licence

Reversing in motorways

Speeding >40 Km/h over the limit (& <50% of the limit)

Dangerous overtaking with limited visibility

Overtaking cyclist dangerously

Careless drivingAlcohol >0.25-0,50 mg/l (>0.15-0.30 profs. & novels)

Throwing on the road dangerous objects

Not obeying: stop sign, right way, zebra crossing, traffic lights,…Failing to comply

with the overtaking rules

-4 points-4 points

[[1414]]

[Losing points]::[Losing points]::

Speeding >30-40 Km/h over the limit

Speeding >20-30 Km/h over the limit

Changing direction illegally

Dangerous stops or park-ing (incl. reserved lanes)

Failing to comply with the safe distance

Driving with systems to avoid vigilance

Driving using mobile phone (excl. hand-free)

Driving without lights

Driving without seat belt, helmet,…

Circulating with <12 y. person in a motorbike

-3 points-3 points -2 points-2 points

[[1515]]

[Courses]:: Main lines[Courses]:: Main lines

High level of standardization, one of the peculiar aspect of the system

Courses given by a driving instructor and a psychologist, previously trained by INTRAS (80/12 hours course respectively)

Courses content mainly concentrated onroad safety

Contents specifically designed by INTRAS, including manuals and interactive multimedia DVD-ROM’s

High level of standardization, one of the peculiar aspect of the system

Courses given by a driving instructor and a psychologist, previously trained by INTRAS (80/12 hours course respectively)

Courses content mainly concentrated onroad safety

Contents specifically designed by INTRAS, including manuals and interactive multimedia DVD-ROM’s

[[1616]]

Reference manuals with versions for the trainer and the traineeReference manuals with versions for the trainer and the trainee

[[1717]]

Interactive learning & auto-evaluation with multimedia DVD-ROM’s

Interactive learning & auto-evaluation with multimedia DVD-ROM’s

[[1818]]

[Courses]:: Objectives[Courses]:: Objectives

Unify as well the content and the methodology of the courses in order to:

Sensitize on the serious human, economic and social consequences derived from road accidents

Make the drivers aware of their own implication in dangerous driving

Re-educate the behaviours and the attitudes from reflection and from a perspective of improving coexistence and respect

Unify as well the content and the methodology of the courses in order to:

Sensitize on the serious human, economic and social consequences derived from road accidents

Make the drivers aware of their own implication in dangerous driving

Re-educate the behaviours and the attitudes from reflection and from a perspective of improving coexistence and respect

[[1919]]

[Courses]:: Two types[Courses]:: Two types

Partial recovery Optional

for gaining points

12 hours Up to +4

points more Cost: 170€

Partial recovery Optional

for gaining points

12 hours Up to +4

points more Cost: 170€

Totalrecovery Compulsory

for getting the licence again

24 hours All the points

(up to 8) Cost: 320€

Totalrecovery Compulsory

for getting the licence again

24 hours All the points

(up to 8) Cost: 320€

[[2020]]

[Courses]:: Two parts[Courses]:: Two parts

General training DVD-ROM assisted + trainer explanations Reflection and discussion (partial recovery) Group dynamics (total recovery) Complementary manual for the trainer

Specific training Individualized (previous test & assessment) DVD-ROM interactive + trainer support Complementary manual for the trainee

General training DVD-ROM assisted + trainer explanations Reflection and discussion (partial recovery) Group dynamics (total recovery) Complementary manual for the trainer

Specific training Individualized (previous test & assessment) DVD-ROM interactive + trainer support Complementary manual for the trainee

[[2121]]

[Courses]:: Content topics[Courses]:: Content topics

Traffic accidents: the magnitude of the problem Dynamic of a collision and its consequences The driving as a taking decisions process Basic capabilities for a safe driving Special risk groups: children, youth, elderly,

pedestrians, cyclists … Risk factors: speed, alcohol, drugs, sleep,

fatigue... Active & passive safety Preventive driving in front of adverse conditions Behaviour after an accident The importance of following the rules

Traffic accidents: the magnitude of the problem Dynamic of a collision and its consequences The driving as a taking decisions process Basic capabilities for a safe driving Special risk groups: children, youth, elderly,

pedestrians, cyclists … Risk factors: speed, alcohol, drugs, sleep,

fatigue... Active & passive safety Preventive driving in front of adverse conditions Behaviour after an accident The importance of following the rules

[[2222]]

[Courses]:: Distribution[Courses]:: Distribution

CNAE: National Confedera-tion of Driving Schools (after a public tender; for 5 years)

CNAE: National Confedera-tion of Driving Schools (after a public tender; for 5 years)

199 centres 07/06 30% 10/06 50% 01/07 100%

Almost one every provincial capital

90% nearestthan 30 Km

Exceptions:

199 centres 07/06 30% 10/06 50% 01/07 100%

Almost one every provincial capital

90% nearestthan 30 Km

Exceptions:

Basque Basque CountryCountryBasque Basque CountryCountry CataloniaCataloniaCataloniaCatalonia

[[2323]]

[Diffusion]::[Diffusion]::

January Web February courses for trainers March educational campaign: conferences April “call centre” & international conference May mailing to drivers June intensive TV, radio & newspaper

campaign

January Web February courses for trainers March educational campaign: conferences April “call centre” & international conference May mailing to drivers June intensive TV, radio & newspaper

campaign

http://www.permisoporpuntos.es

[[2424]]

[Acceptance]:: DGT survey (Dec-2005)[Acceptance]:: DGT survey (Dec-2005)

7,50%

6,60%

6,20%

1,10%

2,30%

1,40%

18,30%

26,30%

24,30%

10,60%

18,10%

67,90%

74,20%

67,10%

69,50%

88,30%

79,60%

30,70%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

General agreement

Reduce accidents

Increase good driving habits

Licence lost due to serious offences

Course to get again the licence

Personally worried?

Agreement: N/R, indifferent Nothing/Less Quite/More

7,50%

6,60%

6,20%

1,10%

2,30%

1,40%

18,30%

26,30%

24,30%

10,60%

18,10%

67,90%

74,20%

67,10%

69,50%

88,30%

79,60%

30,70%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

General agreement

Reduce accidents

Increase good driving habits

Licence lost due to serious offences

Course to get again the licence

Personally worried?

Agreement: N/R, indifferent Nothing/Less Quite/More

[[2525]]

[Acceptance]:: Sectorial opinions[Acceptance]:: Sectorial opinions

Automobile Clubs Agree the governmental initiative It could reduce road deaths by 3% to

10% (up to 500 deaths less per year).

Transport professionals: Work & salary problems because more

exposed Claims for specific rules for professionals

Automobile Clubs Agree the governmental initiative It could reduce road deaths by 3% to

10% (up to 500 deaths less per year).

Transport professionals: Work & salary problems because more

exposed Claims for specific rules for professionals

[[2626]]

Some forecastsSome forecasts

The attendance to the courses could be: About 60,000 drivers/year 10% (6,000) because having lost the

licence

The system could reduce the number of: Road fatalities by 10 to 15% Accidents up to 40% in 5 years

The attendance to the courses could be: About 60,000 drivers/year 10% (6,000) because having lost the

licence

The system could reduce the number of: Road fatalities by 10 to 15% Accidents up to 40% in 5 years

[[2727]]

The [real] challenges The [real] challenges

The logistic challenge: Coordination between the national,

autonomic and local police in their tasks of supervising

Central follow-up of the points The social challenge:

To acquire a consensus of cultural change To improve realistic knowledge and

positive values associated to road safety To get a real change in the driving

behaviour

The logistic challenge: Coordination between the national,

autonomic and local police in their tasks of supervising

Central follow-up of the points The social challenge:

To acquire a consensus of cultural change To improve realistic knowledge and

positive values associated to road safety To get a real change in the driving

behaviour

[[2828]]

Questions [& things thatshould be done]

Questions [& things thatshould be done]

Do we have the right relationship between the points and the severity of the offences?

Would it be positive to include specifically theat-fault accidents as an element of the penalty system?

What type of recidivist offenders will we come across?

Will some of them need re-education or maybe a particular treatment? (e.g. alcohol, drugs, delinquency, psychopathologies…)

Do we have the right relationship between the points and the severity of the offences?

Would it be positive to include specifically theat-fault accidents as an element of the penalty system?

What type of recidivist offenders will we come across?

Will some of them need re-education or maybe a particular treatment? (e.g. alcohol, drugs, delinquency, psychopathologies…)

[[2929]]

More questions [& more things that

should be done]

More questions [& more things that

should be done] Will we have to increase police control to

guarantee the credibility & effectiveness of the system?

Could the delays of the bureaucracy mitigate the positive reinforcement effects of the system?

Will we be able to differentiate the effects of the penalty points from the ones of the re-education courses?

Should we have EU harmonized principles for the penalty point systems?

Will we have to increase police control to guarantee the credibility & effectiveness of the system?

Could the delays of the bureaucracy mitigate the positive reinforcement effects of the system?

Will we be able to differentiate the effects of the penalty points from the ones of the re-education courses?

Should we have EU harmonized principles for the penalty point systems?

[[3030]]

Finally… [?]Finally… [?]

This is one more measure that must fit with others, but its importance and scope may (or should) generate a “before” and an “after” in the Spanish road safety

This is one more measure that must fit with others, but its importance and scope may (or should) generate a “before” and an “after” in the Spanish road safety

¡¡[Thank you]!!¡¡[Thank you]!!