2014-2015 Workshop Series AUDITORIUM AND PERFORMING ARTS SAFETY February 11, 2015 Webcast (9:30 – 11:00 AM) School auditoriums and performing arts spaces are designed to accommodate special activities with large audiences. As such, they present unique challenges in terms of safeguarding event participants. Ensuring safety begins with understanding the environment and being proactive in establishing processes and procedures. Join this webcast to learn about: - The unique nature of auditoriums/performing art spaces - Typical auditorium safety hazards - The importance of preventive inspections and regular maintenance of auditorium/theatre facilities and equipment - Training for staff, student and volunteers on proper use of facilities (rigging, curtains, lighting, sound, etc.) - Ensuring public safety (crowd management, secured areas, first aid, emergency planning) - Establishing policies for facility access, supervision and use INTENDED AUDIENCE: Facilities Managers, Safety Managers, Play Advisors PRESENTERS: Don Smith, Emergency Planning & Response Management Coordinator, Center for Safe Schools ANNOUNCEMENTS: All participants must sign-in on a Webcast Attendance Form for attendance/credit tracking. Forms are at the back of the handout packet. There are two forms – each attendee need complete only ONE form as follows: - HOST LEA FORM – use for all attendees from the same school/organization as the Host registrant. - GUEST FORM – use for all Guest attendees from a school/organization different than the Host registrant. Host sites are asked to collect and submit information on every participant at your site. For credit to be given, Attendance Forms must be returned to PASBO by February 18. If you are disconnected at any time during the program, please repeat the logon procedure to reconnect. You can submit a question at any time using the “Chat” function at the left side of your screen – type your question in the message box and click on “Enter” to send. Please track your CEU credits for PASBO Professional Registration. (Professional Registration CEUs = 1) Your evaluation of this program is important to us. The primary contact will receive an evaluation link via email. Please provide feedback to ensure that PASBO programs are meeting your needs. This program is being recorded to provide access to those not able to participate in the live program and serve as a review tool. Find information in your handout. Check out the PASBO Store at http://www.pasbo.org/store_home.asp for other webcast titles. Thank you for your participation! Pennsylvania Association of School Business Officials Mailing Address: Office Location: P.O. Box 6993 2608 Market Place Harrisburg, PA 17112-0993 Harrisburg, PA 17110 Telephone 717-540-9551 www.pasbo.org FAX 717-540-1796 PASBO Webcast Presentation 1
Transcript
2014-2015 Workshop Series
AUDITORIUM AND PERFORMING ARTS SAFETY February 11, 2015 Webcast (9:30 – 11:00 AM)
School auditoriums and performing arts spaces are designed to accommodate special activities with large audiences. As such, they present unique challenges in terms of safeguarding event participants. Ensuring safety begins with understanding the environment and being proactive in establishing processes and procedures. Join this webcast to learn about: - The unique nature of auditoriums/performing art spaces - Typical auditorium safety hazards - The importance of preventive inspections and regular maintenance of auditorium/theatre facilities and
equipment - Training for staff, student and volunteers on proper use of facilities (rigging, curtains, lighting, sound, etc.) - Ensuring public safety (crowd management, secured areas, first aid, emergency planning) - Establishing policies for facility access, supervision and use INTENDED AUDIENCE: Facilities Managers, Safety Managers, Play Advisors PRESENTERS: Don Smith, Emergency Planning & Response Management Coordinator, Center for Safe Schools ANNOUNCEMENTS: � All participants must sign-in on a Webcast Attendance Form for attendance/credit tracking. Forms are at
the back of the handout packet. There are two forms – each attendee need complete only ONE form as follows: - HOST LEA FORM – use for all attendees from the same school/organization as the Host registrant. - GUEST FORM – use for all Guest attendees from a school/organization different than the Host registrant. Host sites are asked to collect and submit information on every participant at your site. For credit to be given, Attendance Forms must be returned to PASBO by February 18.
� If you are disconnected at any time during the program, please repeat the logon procedure to reconnect. � You can submit a question at any time using the “Chat” function at the left side of your screen – type your
question in the message box and click on “Enter” to send. � Please track your CEU credits for PASBO Professional Registration. (Professional Registration CEUs = 1) � Your evaluation of this program is important to us. The primary contact will receive an evaluation link via
email. Please provide feedback to ensure that PASBO programs are meeting your needs. � This program is being recorded to provide access to those not able to participate in the live program and
serve as a review tool. Find information in your handout. Check out the PASBO Store at http://www.pasbo.org/store_home.asp for other webcast titles.
Thank you for your participation!
Pennsylvania Association of School Business OfficialsMailing Address: Office Location:
Consul tants Special iz ing in Performing Arts Technology and Safety
Auditorium Safety Checklist Verify inspection requirements – may vary according to Authority Having Jurisdiction.
All Fire & Smoke Control Systems and Emergency Lighting Systems must be fully functional before any use of the auditorium – adjust inspection schedules as required to ensure safe use of the facility.
This list is general in nature – your venue is very unique – make a list that matches your facility!
Safety involves Hazard Recognition. If you can’t or don’t see the potential hazard in a situation, consider bringing-in a fresh set of eyes, someone that is not familiar with your facility and is experienced in the possible uses that your venue may host. They should be able to help you envision “what could possibly go wrong?”
Front of House (FOH) Parking Areas Lighting All Lights working, so that patrons are safe. Curbs, Parking Stops, Pavement Clear of debris & lose gravel; pot hole and broken
sidewalk edges ankle twist hazards are cordoned-off;, trip hazards are marked with clearly contrasting color.
Entry to Building Lighting All Lights working, including areas around Fire Exits Steps, Ramps, Handrails Clear of debris, broken edges, trip hazards, step edges
are marked with clearly contrasting color.
Lobbies Floors Dry, floor mats down if raining / snowing. AED / First Aid Kit Accessible, Stocked, and Tested. Fire Alarm Stations & Extinguishers Accessible, Clearly Marked. Communications Hard-line Telephone to Outside for 911 calls,
Fresh Batteries for staff radios, Intercom station(s) linked to Production Intercom (Stage Manager).
House Manager & Staff Clear communications with trained staff 1 Trained Crowd Manager per 250 Persons.
Restrooms Floors Dry (check frequently). Waste Receptacles Emptied (frequently) and close to towel dispensers. Consumable goods Toilet paper, towels, soap, etc. (replenished regularly).
Emergency Egress Routes (including Lobby) Lighting All Lights working, Emergency Lighting Checked. EXIT Signs Visible and Emergency Power functional. Passageways, Hallways, Vestibules Clear of obstructions. Doors Crash-bars working, nothing blocking egress route
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Aisles Nothing in aisles (No chairs, desks, tables, tripods, etc.) Floor Clear of debris, broken edges, trip hazards, no cables
(unless in cable cover), no loose carpet or exposed seams, step edges clearly contrasting.
Lighting House lights all work, control stations all work, Houselights do not darken below 1/5 foot candle (fc) at floor level.
Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional. EXIT Signs Visible and Emergency Power functional.
Back of House (BOH) and Production Operations Areas
Control Booth Housekeeping Clear of loose stored goods, nothing stored overhead,
No trip hazards, No excessive use of extension cords and unsecured multi-outlet power strips.
Lighting Work lights all work, control stations all work. Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional. Railings Secure and with kick-plates (toe boards). Steps / Ladders / Ramps Clearly illuminated even when lights are off.
Follow Spotlight Decks Housekeeping Clear of loose stored goods, nothing stored overhead. Lighting Work lights all work, control stations all work. Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional. Railings 42” tall, secure, and with 4” kick-plates (toe boards),
Fall protection equipped if open front with low railing.
Operable windows / open decks Fall protection for operator if railing below 42”. Access Ladders Meets OSHA/ANSI standards,
self-closing safety gate at top.
Storage Rooms (repeat of each space) Housekeeping Clear of loose stored goods, nothing stored overhead
that is not secured. Heavy items stored at ground level.
Lighting Work lights all work, control stations all work. Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional. Railings (for elevated spaces) 42” tall, secure, and with 4” kick-plates (toe boards). EXIT Sign Visible and Emergency Power functional. Access ladders Meet OSHA/ANSI standards,
self-closing safety gate at top.
Shelves & Racks Structurally sound, preferably steel, no plastic or ‘homemade’ construction.
Fire Protection All goods treated with fire retardant, nothing within 24” of sprinkler heads or smoke detectors, nothing attached to sprinkler pipes.
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Electrical Rooms (Dimmer Racks, Sound Racks, Circuit Breaker Panels Dimmer Racks Filters Cleaned, 36” clear space in front. Sound Racks Filters Cleaned, 36” clear space in front. Circuit Breaker Panelboards Directories Correct and Legible, 36” clear space in front Doors Doors Kept Closed and Latched. Housekeeping No flammable goods stored in same room.
Scene Shop Housekeeping No debris in walkways, minimal flammable materials.
Trash emptied daily.
EXIT Doors Clearly marked and clear of blockage. Fire doors kept closed at all times.
numbers clearly marked. Emergency Power Shut-off nearby for Table Saws, Drill Presses, Planners, Grinders, etc. Shut-off timers for soldering irons, hot glue guns, heat guns, etc.
Tools All appropriate safety guards in-place and properly spaced, cables and plugs in good working order. All tools tagged with last inspection date. Repository for broken / inoperative tools to be repaired / replaced.
Utility Extension Cords (See below for Stage Lighting Extension Cords)
Grounded connectors, connector body secured to cables, no nicks, cuts, or exposed conductors.
Chemical Storage Metal Cabinets for flammable paints, solvents, cleaners, etc. MSDS Readily available. (Eliminate these types of products from your program wherever possible.)
Compressed Air System Over-Pressure Relief Valve tested, compressor filter cleaned, Emergency Shut-down Pressure Purge Valve accessible and clearly marked, compressor on timer to prevent after hours operation.
Exhaust Fans Properly working, filters cleaned. Dust Collection and Fume Hoods Properly working, filters cleaned, Waste Bin(s) empty. Lighting Lamps protected from breakage with guards. Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional, lamps protected from
breakage with guards, not blocked with scenery
PPE Work Shoes, hard hats, gloves (except around rotating tools), and safety glasses for all workers and guests. Hearing protection and other PPE as required.
Stored Goods (Props & Scenery) Treated with Fire Retardant. (Pre-treat raw materials with Fire Retardant as they arrive.)
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Stage Orchestra Pit If Pit Cover or Movable Lift: Surface clear of
discontinuities, trip hazards, downstage (front) edge clearly marked (for performers, not audience) to reduce the likelihood of falls into front aisle. Ghost Light deployed / ON (24/7/365) when stage not in use for show or rehearsal. If Open Pit: Guard rails in place wherever practical, Cover safety net in place wherever practical. Impalement hazards removed whenever practical.
Forestage Floor (apron / thrust) Clear of discontinuities, trip hazards, downstage (front) edge clearly marked (for performers, not audience) to reduce the likelihood of falls. Ghost Light deployed / ON (24/7/365) when stage not in use for show or rehearsal.
Stage Floor (onstage) Clear of discontinuities, trip hazards, trap openings clearly guarded and marked (for performers, not audience) to reduce the likelihood of falls. Check of splintered wood, nail / screw heads.
Stage Floor (offstage) Clear of discontinuities, trip hazards, areas in front of Fire Extinguishers, Electrical Panels, Fire Alarm Pull Stations, Fire Alarm Strobes, etc. clearly marked to be kept clear of all equipment.
Dance Floor (portable roll-out surface) Clear of discontinuities, trip hazards, edges secure, mopped and dried frequently during dance events to remove sweat and biological residue.
Floor Pockets Keep clean, no debris, lids flush to floor (no elevated trip hazards or sharp corners), lids robust so they don’t bend under point loads from casters.
Fire Curtain Smoke Pockets Clear of obstructions. Fire Curtain Path (floor area immediately under curtain)
Fire Curtain Releases Clear of obstructions, visible, marked with signage. Stage Lighting Lamps protected from breakage with guards. Work Lighting Work lights all work, control stations all work, lamps
protected from breakage with guards.
Run-of-Show (ROS) Safety Lighting Lights all work, control stations all work, lamps protected from breakage with guards.
Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional, lamps protected from breakage with guards, not blocked with scenery or Orchestra Shell Towers
EXIT Signs Visible and Emergency Power functional Housekeeping No debris in walkways, no flammable materials. EXIT Doors Clearly marked and clear of blockage. Fire doors
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Props, Scenery, Platforms, Carpets Treated with fire retardant. PPE Work Shoes, hard hats, gloves, safety glasses for all
workers not rehearsing or performing a part.
Fly System (General) Stage Rigging System & Fire Curtain Annual Inspection per NFPA & OSHA Motor Control Key Lock Who has key(s)? Fire Curtain and Smoke Vents should
NOT require key to operate.
Fire Curtain Tested every 90 days, or more frequently. Smoke Vents Tested every two years, and operated (exercised) more
frequently.
Draperies Annual Inspection & Records of Fire Retardant. Repair snags, tears, stains, etc. as soon as noted.
Stage Lighting Instruments Electrical connections and cords secure, safety cables. Other suspended elements Rigging inspection for speakers, projection screens,
Railings 42” high with mesh fence at on-stage side to prevent weights from falling to stage below.
Fall Protection & PPE Harnesses with fall restraint lanyards for workers that lean over railings during weight loading operations. Hardhats with chin straps, gloves, knee pads.
Ladder Meets OSHA/ANSI standards, self-closing safety gate at top.
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Gridiron Housekeeping NOTHING loose ANYWHERE. Railings 42” high with 4” kick plate (toe board) at base. Lighting Worklights operational and guards in-place. Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional, lamps protected from
breakage with guards
PPE Hardhats with chin straps, gloves, knee pads. All tools secured to workers with lanyards.
Ladder Meets OSHA/ANSI standards, self-closing safety gate at top.
Loft Wells Edges marked, openings wider than 12” covered. Catwalks Housekeeping NOTHING loose ANYWHERE. Railings 42” high with 4” kick plate (toe board) at base. Lighting Worklights operational. Emergency Lighting Emergency Lighting functional, lamps protected from
breakage with guards.
PPE Hardhats with chin straps, gloves, knee pads. All tools secured to workers with lanyards.
Ladder Meets OSHA/ANSI standards, self-closing safety gate at top.
Costume Shop Housekeeping No debris in walkways, minimal flammable materials. EXIT Doors Clearly marked and clear of blockage.
numbers marked. Countertop Power Receptacles must be separately switched and have a pilot light visible in the corridor outside the Dressing / Make-up Room.
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Dressing / Make-up Mirror Lights Must have metal guard around them to keep costumes and wigs away from hot lamps. Must be separately switched and have a pilot light visible in the corridor outside the Dressing / Make-up Room.
Sinks and Shower Areas Cleaned with anti-bacterial fungicide and kept dry. Stored Goods (Costumes, Fabrics) Treated with fire retardant. Costume Racks / Rods Secured to walls, robust to support weight.
Fire & Smoke Control Systems Fire Alarm System Annual Inspection & Testing. Fire Curtain Interface Trip Sensor and FACP controlled release. Pull Stations Clear space in front, Annual Testing. Strobes & Bells Clear space in front, Annual Testing. Smoke Vents Trip Sensor and FACP controlled release. Annual
Testing & Inspection every two years, manual operation (exercise) more frequently, if possible.
Door Releases Trip Sensor (overhead doors) and FACP controlled release. No doors propped open, No latches defeated, No automatic closers defeated.
HVAC / Fire Damper In Duct Smoke Detectors, FACP controlled damper releases.
Rate of Rise Heat & Smoke Detectors Annual Testing. Emergency Lighting System Annual Inspection, testing every 30 days. Sprinkler System Annual Testing, clear access to standpipe riser, nothing
attached to sprinkler piping or covering sprinkler heads.
Sound System Interface Annual Testing. Fire Extinguishers Document ALL Locations Verify presence of equipment, not blocked or covered. Inspection Tag Verify.
Fire Hose Cabinets Document ALL Locations Verify presence of equipment, nozzles, fittings, clear
access in front.
Inspection Tag Verify. Fire Doors Document ALL Locations Verify presence of accessory equipment (Closer,
Latches, Strikes, Hinges, Seals, Plaque) and check to see that unauthorized accessories have not been added (kick-down holders, wedges, holding ropes). Check push-pull forces, closure speeds, gaps to frame. Check glass lites, if any, for damage.
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Sound & Video Systems Fire Alarm System Interface Forces override to Alarm Announcements. Emergency Announcement Microphone
Dedicated Microphone that overrides all signals except Fire Alarm.
Emergency Announcement Scripts Pre-approved announcements posted for each emergency scenario: Fire, Weather, Flood, Earthquake, Lock-down, Evacuation.
Emergency Announcement Graphics Pre-composed text / images for video displays that override other programming.
Numbered EXITS Muster Point Plans and Signage for Staff, Students, Crew, Performers.
Emergency Plans for all crew & staff What to do, where to go, who to call. Portable Stage Equipment Orchestra Shell Towers Stable, secure fittings, and off-stage edges marked for
visibility.
Orchestra Shell Overhead Canopy Rigging attachments, integrated light fixtures secure. Choral Risers Railings for backs, and hand-railings for steps,
interlocked, stable, secure fittings.
Scaffolding Traction on climbing rungs, locking pins, toe boards, railings, and accessories in-place. OSHA training for erectors and users. No moving with personnel aboard.
Man Lifts / Scissors Lifts Inspected annually, all safety interlocks functioning. OSHA training for users. No moving with personnel aboard unless designed to do so.
Ladders Traction on climbing rungs, signage and safety tags visible, no painting, check for cracks, loose parts, deformed parts. Training for users. No moving with personnel aboard. No rolling (castered) bases unless integral to the product from the product manufacturer.
Stage Lighting Instruments All fasteners present and tight. Safety cable for each device. No asbestos wiring, frayed wire, loose cable clamps.
Stage Lighting Cables Extra Hard Usage, 12 gauge, grounded, high temperature insulated cables only. No zip cord, no inexpensive hardware store cables. Connectors secured to cable with cord grip.
Plan for Safety and Play Safe
Theatre is a multifaceted experience for all involved.
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A Safety Imperative:
These observations are provided as a courtesy so that the design team can contemplate improvements to this and future projects. As with most elements of a theatre building, there are ripple effects that should be considered to all of the design disciplines, and consideration should always be made as to how the owner’s staff and students will use, abuse, and work-around the facilities we design for them. Everything the design team puts into the project has implications for the aesthetic experience of the audience, the learning experience for the students, and the work load of the staff. Many of these same implications affect safety and maintenance as well as cost and sustainability. They are all inherently intertwined.
Theatre workers are driven to ‘make the show go on’, and as a result, they will circumvent the best laid intentions for safety, use, and productivity. As design professionals we must constantly strive to understand how they will attempt to perform tasks, and provide them with the best tools to do so in the hope that we can lead them toward the safe and legal operations of their facility while not disrupting their production goals.
Unlike design profesionals, theatre workers typically have little or no training regarding Building Codes, Fire Codes, and Internationally agreed-upon Safety initiatives. They move enthusiastically forward towards the completion of show they are mounting, and then onward toward the strike of the show after the final curtain closes. Unfortunately, some of them don’t get to go home at the end of the day because they have elected to take risks, make grievous errors in judgment, or are the victim of someone else’s lax safety attitudes or lack of knowledge. To that end, we must always try to provide systems and facilities that do not invite “work-around’s” and “make-do’s” for them to deal with.
Although many school districts may not adopt the most current Building Codes, they may not be subject to OSHA or other international safety mandates, and they may not be liable for student’s injuries under State exclusionary laws, we should always design to the most current standards and assume that these elements are enforceable. Millions of man-hours and dollars have been expended to develop these standards – why should we ignore them? It is the moral obligation we hold to prevent foreseeable injuries and allow us to sleep at night.
As your consultant in many of these matters, we ask you to be attentive and consider the implications of what we are designing when it comes to theatrical issues. ���������� ��� has the practical production experience, and we have seen many more theatres than you may have, each sometimes more terrifying than the next in their inner workings. We are constantly learning and evolving in our understanding of how potential users might apply the systems and buildings to produce shows and teach the many crafts involved in theatre production. We are always amazed at the safety issues we uncover in both new and existing facilities, too. We try to communicate the hazards we identify to those that can effect change. You are one of those that can have an impact on the outcome.
As the prime contact with the Building Owners, we implore the Architect to have an open a frank conversation with the Owner about these issues. We can provide the support and explanations to justify our recommendations. We understand that every building project has cost constraints that must be addressed, however, we cannot allow projects to be constructed where we can reasonably foresee the end user might injure themselves or others due to “work-around’s” and “make-do’s” that they might attempt to resolve an impediment we have designed into the building or systems.
Please involve us early in design decisions, allow us time to review and respond, and consider the safety of the staff, students, and attending public in the facilities you create.
PASBO Webcast Presentation 34
APPENDIX 5-6 QUICK EMERGENCY ACTION GUIDE [INSERT EVENT NAME AND DATES]
WHEN YOU MAKE AN EMERGENCY CALL - Give your name, location (including floor/room number), and
telephone number. - Describe what has happened. - Do not hang up until asked to do so. - Have someone outside or at the elevator lobby on the floor to
meet emergency personnel to direct them.
AFTER ANY EMERGENCY - Remain calm. - Follow instructions from emergency responders. - Notify the Center Director or Assistant Director. - Complete any written reports or forms in compliance with District
Policy.
MEDICAL EMERGENCY - Do not attempt to move a seriously injured person. - Designate someone to call 911.
- 911 –SEND from a cell phone - Try to make the victim comfortable. - If you are trained in First Aid or CPR you may assist as needed. - Gather as much information as you can about the person, their
injury/symptoms and the complaints of the victim.
AED LOCATION_____________________________________ First Aid Kit_________________________________________ FIRE - If you see a fire, close the door where the fire is located. - Pull the nearest fire alarm.
- Call 911 911 –SEND from a cell phone - Use an extinguisher only if you know how to use it and it is safe. - Help attendees exit the building quickly and calmly. - Do not use elevators.
SEVERE WEATHER Have someone at the facility monitor the NOAA-SAME radio. � Remember to program SAME code for location facility. If severe weather is announced use public address system to direct attendees to interior, 1st floor rooms for maximum protection. � If interior, 1st floor rooms are not readily available seek shelter
under tables along interior walls. � Avoid glass and open, large span rooms if possible.
EMERGENCY CONTACTS:
PRINCIPAL:__________________________________
FACILITIES DIRECTOR:_______________________
SUPERINTENDENT:___________________________
EVACUATION INSTRUCTIONS - Pre-designate and publicly announce evacuation and assembly
points. - When a building evacuation is ordered, follow emergency
personnel to assembly areas adjacent to the building. - Help guests exit the building quickly and calmly. - If an attendance sheet is utilized designate someone to take the
attendance sheet to the assembly point. - Use the attendance sheet to verify all attendees have exited. - Report any missing attendees to facility staff or emergency
responders. - Wait for instructions before reentering any building. REVERSE EVACUATION INSTRUCTIONS - Communicate concern to all outside attendees using
available PA system or runners. - Move all attendees inside facility and initiate attendance
counts. CRIMINAL ACTIONS - Any crime in progress contact 911 immediately
o 911-SEND from a cell phone - Try to obtain as much information for the emergency
dispatcher as possible; description of incident, parties involved and description, include direction of travel if someone flees the scene.
- Provide complete information to responding police officers. FREE SPEECH - Individuals may pass out flyers or protest outside your event
space, as long as event/pedestrian traffic is not impeded. - What takes place in a reserved space is at the discretion of the
event producer. First Amendment right to free speech stops at the gates to the (reserved/rented space) event.
- Literature may not be distributed inside a facility unless approved. Only signs permitted are those distributed by the event producers inside facility.
- District personnel are the first people responsible for containing a heckler. Police should only be involved if the disruptive individual(s) cannot be contained.
- If the person does not stop, ask them to leave the facility. If they refuse, call the police. Do not touch the person in any way.
Sample Script:
� You are disrupting the event.
� Please stop the disruptive behavior or I will need to ask you to leave.
� If you do not cease and desist we will be required to contact the police.
An educational environment free from accident and injury is a goal for public education in Texas. Safety is a result of efforts to assure the welfare of students and teachers and the prevention of damage of equipment and facilities.
The Sixth National Conference on Safety Education has made the following recommendations:
� A d e q u a t e e q u i p m e n t , materials, and supplies should be provided for each curriculum area.� Provision should be made for regular inspect ion and maintenance of equipment and facilities. Special attention should be given to stage rigging, electrical wiring, and lighting apparatus.� I n s t r u c t i o n s h o u l d b e enhanced and updated through in-service experiences, including participation in college and university courses, and through the activities of professional organizations.� The staff should be provided with up-to-date and accurate information regarding accident liability and insurance.� Effect ive safety guides should be utilized in the various curriculum areas.� Students should be tested to determine safety-related knowledge and skills. � Teachers and students should be aware of emergency p r o c e d u r e s o r v a r y i n g circumstances.
Eye protection is routinely provided in vocational and industrial arts shops. Since many of the same tools and equipment are employed for scenery construction, eye-protective devices should be provided and used in technical theatre shops.
All accidents should be investigated to determine cause and to take necessary corrective measure. Written documentation should be maintained as part of the school’s accident reporting system. Teachers should be advised to consult with the school safety coordinator for information and assistance.
Safety in the theatre extends to crews, casts, audience members. It requires awareness, common sense, and perseverance to eliminate hazards, avoid risks, and guard against carelessness.
It is the teacher’s responsibility to:
� make safety a part of the everyday theatre arts program
� establish safety procedures and regulations and make sure students understand and observe them
� establish emergency procedures (such as for the evacuation of the stage and auditorium), instruct, and rehearse students in their implementation
� be aware of possible hazards and alert students to potential dangers
� promote positive student attitudes toward safety; students should not fear using tools and equipment but should respect them for potential hazards
� set good safety examples when conducting demonstrations
� instruct students in the proper care and use of tools and equipment
� check students out on using tools and equipment� maintain adequate supervision when students are using potentially hazardous equipment� inspect facilities and equipment regularly to eliminate hazards� discontinue use of defective or unsafe equipment as soon as the defect becomes known� report, verbally and in writing, potentially unsafe equipment or facilities to the school administration
along with suggestions for improvement�� ��������������� ��������������������������������������������������������������������������
shop and stagehouse work area� take extra precautions to ensure safety during the strike period following the closing of a show
If an injury does occur:
� protect the victim from further harm�� ������������������� ���������������������������������������������������������� for more serious injuries, notify the parent or guardian as soon as possible, and call emergency
Disabled or handicapped students can and should be encouraged to actively participate in both the technical and performance areas of theatre. (The Fine Arts Section of the Texas Education Agency can ���������������������������
To ensure accessibility, the teacher should:
� research barrier-free facilities and make local adjustments accordingly
� be aware of the capabilities of the student but not underestimate his or her potential. Consult ���������������������������������������������������������������������������
� pair a disabled student with a student of normal capabilities
� give instructions both orally and visually, then have the student repeat the instructions to be sure he or she understands
� keep backstage areas and shops in order and free of obstacles
FIELD TRIPS
A primary element of the educational theatre program is the opportunity for students to observe preparations and productions of professional, community, and other educational theatre companies.
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� parent consent forms completed and signed, according to school policy, and turned in to the supervising teacher prior to departure
� rules for safe conduct established prior to the trip and observed by all present
� adequate adult supervision
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�� ����������������������������������������������an accident to administrators and parents
� Prior to loading into a new host’s facility the s ta f f and s tuden ts sha l l pe r fo rm a walkthrough of the venue and locate Exit routes, Fire Extinguishers, Fire Alarm Pull Stations, Fire Curtain and Smoke Vent controls, if any. They should also make a general hazard assessment of the facility and equipment conditions noting open ledges (loading docks), (orchestra) pits, traps, unguarded ladders, etc.; and should look for mechanical, rigging, electrical, chemical, and thermal hazards, too
� Bring your own safety equipment including, but not limited to flashlights, gloves, boots, hearing protection, safety glasses, fall protection equipment, etc. Do not expect your host to provide these
� Since many theatre activities occur after regular school hours, a telephone with a direct outside line should be conveniently located in the theatre facility. Emergency numbers (paramedic, ambulance) should be posted by the phone.
� Stage curtains and drapes should have a fire retardant treatment or be ��������������� ���#��������������������showing the date of manufacture and last treatment of each soft good. Soft goods �������������$����������������������that correlate to written records. Materials ������������������������������������recommended by the manufacturer.
� Stage rigging should be properly maintained and regularly inspected.
� Stage lighting circuitry, dimmers, and instruments should be properly maintained and regularly inspected.
� An adequate shop or space for the safe operation of tools and equipment should be provided.
� There should be master switches for electrical power in the scene shop area and for the stage lighting equipment.
�Safety rules for equipment and tool operation should be posted.
� There should be adequate numbers of grounded electrical outlets to reduce the need for extension cords.
� Adequate exhaust ventilation should be provided in the scene shop to remove wood dust and ������ ������%����������������� �������������������������������������������������� �������
� Adequate storage areas for tools, materials, and supplies should be provided and kept clean and orderly.
Safety in the theatre means safeguarding crews, casts, and audiences from all foreseeable hazards and emergencies. Learning to work safely is a vital aspect of educational theatre. Most accidents can be avoided by replacing unsafe habits with safe practices. The main causes of accidents:
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� Improper use of tools and facilities
� Failure to safeguard hazardous equipment
� Failure to remove faulty equipment
� Carelessness
� Taking unnecessary risks
� Being in a hurry
The most dangerous time of a production is the strike—when the show is over and the technical elements are dismantled and stored. This time of exhilaration and exhaustion warrants a greater degree of attention and vigilance than any other period in the course of the production.
GENERAL SAFETY REGULATIONS
Running, practical jokes, throwing tools or materials, jumping from one level to another, or any other dangerous activity is not permitted.
The proper method of bending the knees, keeping the body erect, and pushing upward with the legs should be used when lifting objects. Assistance should be obtained when lifting or carrying heavy objects.
The shop, stagehouse, or other work area must be cleaned and left in a safe condition. All tools ����������������*������������=��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������&������ �����������������������<������������������������ ��������hazard must be eliminated.
Open traps and unusable platforms or step units must be barricaded (fenced or roped off) or covered. They should be marked with large signs at all times between work periods or performances.
Cleanliness and order in the storage areas should be maintained at all times.
%�����������������������������������������������������������������������������������>���������attention can be administered without delay
CLOTHING AND PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
Hard-sole shoes should be worn while working in the scene shop, stage, loading dock, or anywhere in the theatre facility. Tennis shoes are not desirable; sandals and bare feet should not be permitted.” Only performers (actors, dancers, musicians) in dress rehearsal or performance should be permitted to wear open toed or soft construction shoes on stage and in pre-production areas. Workers loading or unloading trucks, moving platforms, scenery, stage weights, or other heavy objects should wear steel-toed work boots.
Loose-fitting clothing, scarves, ties, or jewelry should not be worn while using power equipment. Long hair should be tied back or covered. Long-sleeved shirts should be either buttoned at the cuffs or rolled to the upper arm.
Goggles, face shields, or safety glasses—all ANSI rated for impact—should be worn while working around the shop or stage when in the vicinity of anyone painting, spraying, sanding, cutting, drilling, chiseling, hammering, nailing, or stapling. Safety glasses shall have side ����� �����*���� �������������������� ���the side. Welding masks and shields shall be used around welding operations.
Ear muffs should be worn during prolonged exposure to excessive noise.
Gloves should be worn to protect against abrasion, punctures, and solvents. Gloves shall NOT be worn when operating saws, drills, lathes, or other equipment that could capture the fabric of the glove and draw the worker into the machine.
Hard hats should be worn while scenery or lighting equipment is being rigged overhead, or when the worker is in a low ceiling area ��������������&��������������>������surfaces that could cause head injuries.
Wear special work clothes which can be removed after work. Wash clothes frequently and separately from regular clothing.
Wash hands in soap and water during work breaks, before eating, and after work. Never use solvents to clean hands.
Knee pads should be worn when tasks require the worker to kneel down and rest weight upon the workers knees.
Proper procedures for evacuation should be discussed and rehearsed.
Exits and access to exits must be kept clear and unobstructed at all times. During periods of occupancy, no exit door should be locked, chained, or obstructed by any means. The door must be readily opened from the inside.
/%]Z4�����&��������������������������������������������������������������!�����������������������in their use. Staff and Students should know the locations of all Fire Extinguishers, Fire Alarm Activation Stations (Pull Stations), Fire Hose Cabinets, Fire Curtain controls (releases) (if facility is equipped with ������������������������������������������=�����������=� � ������������$������������������������
Flammables such as paint, thinner, and spray cans should be stored in special metal storage cabinets. %����������������������������������������*���������������������������������������������������outside of the building.
Electric light bulbs must not be covered or decorated with paper or other combustible material
Exit signs shall remain visible to the occupants at all times and may not be covered, dimmed, removed, or disabled in any way.
3�������>���������������������������������������=�������������������������������������&������the stage or shop, etc.) shall not be blocked from fully closing or propped-open with scenery, carts, ������������������������������������������������������ ������������������������� ��������{��������mechanisms shall not be defeated.
��Before any ladder or scaffolding is used, it should be inspected to assure that it is in safe condition. A chair or box should never be substituted for a small ladder.
��{�������������������������� ���������������������������������������������������������|�����ladders should be avoided wherever possible as they can conduct electricity.
��Wood ladders should not be painted inasmuch as paint hides splits and defects (shellac or varnish are acceptable alternatives). Any ladder or scaffolding that is damaged, missing the manufacturer’s safety labels, or is otherwise unsafe should be removed from service. Do not modify any ladder or scaffolding ����������������������������������������������������������������������������� �������������������or scaffolding manufacturer as an authorized accessory.
��Nonskid safety feet should be installed on any straight ladder before it is placed in service. Guard rails should be used on scaffolding.
��The base of a straight ladder should rest on a level surface and should be placed so that the distance away from the wall or surface against which it leans is approximately one quarter the length of the ladder.
��Straight ladders should be tied off, blocked, or otherwise secured when in use. Or, an assistant should support the ladder against accidental slipping or sliding.
��A step ladder should always be completely opened and climbed only on the side with the steps. Never stand or work from the top of a step ladder.
��Tools or other objects should be secured against falling while work is being performed from a ladder. Such items should never be left on a ladder, dropped, or pitched to another worker.
��Only move ladders when they are unoccupied. Only move man-lifts when they are lowered to the transport position. Only one person at a time shall be on a ladder.
��Provide Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) such as fall protection harnesses, fall arrestors, shock arresting lanyards, etc., as required to protect workers.
TOOLS AND MACHINERY
��Keep the work area free of clutter.
��Know the location of the master electrical switch in the scene shop.
��Before operating machinery or power tools for ���� ���� ������ ��� �������� ��� ��� ����� ���������procedures by the supervising teacher.
��Dress properly. Wear hard-sole shoes, avoid loose clothing, and cover or tie long hair that could catch in moving parts or air vents.
��Use safety eye or face protection. Wear safety glasses with side shields, impact goggles, full face ����������������>����������������������������������of the work being performed.
��Do not use any defective or questionable electrical tool, machine cord, connection, or accessory. Report any defects for repair or replacement immediately.
��Understand the application, limitations, and potential hazards of any tool or machine you use.Select the proper tool for the job to be done. Don’t improvise.
��Use only recommended accessories. Keep guards in place and in working order.
��Make sure saw blades, drill bits, etc., are sharp, clean and regularly maintained.
��All saws should be adjusted before use to expose only the minimum amount of blade necessary. The ���������������������������������� ������������������������
��The blade in the table saw should be recessed when not in use.
��Do not use a tool with a frayed cord or broken connection. Use only heavy-duty U.L.-listed extension cords of proper wire size and length.
��}�������������������������������������*�����������������������������������������������������during work periods, rehearsals, and performances.
��Use clamps or a vise to hold work in place when practical, freeing both hands to operate the tool.
�Avoid accidental startup. Make sure the switch is “off” before plugging in the cord or when power is �����������~�����������������������������������������������
��Ground all power tools. If a tool is equipped with a three-prong plug, it should be plugged into a three-hole electrical outlet.
��Remove adjusting keys and wrenches before turning on a tool or machine.
��Do not force tools.
��Do not over-reach. Maintain proper footing, balance, and a secure grip on the tool you are using.
��Never adjust or change bits, blades, or belts with the power tool or machine connected to an electrical outlet.
��Never brush away chips or sawdust while tools or machines are operating.
��Never leave tools or equipment running unattended. Disconnect equipment from the power source when not in use.
��Never surprise, touch, or talk to anyone operating a power tool or machinery.
��Return tools to the tool room immediately after completing work.
RIGGINGApplicable to stage equipped with a
counterweight or hemp system.
��Only authorized and trained personnel are permitted to work with the rigging equipment and to enter the grid area above the stage.
��Safety procedures should be explained to the entire crew at the beginning of each work period involving rigging.
��Work should be arranged so that all rigging ����*���������������������������������������taking place on stage.
��When a scenic piece is coming in, or when an arbor is being loaded or unloaded, there should be complete silence on stage.
��The technical director or crew head should be the only person to call instructions to the grid crew. The director should inform both the grid and stage crew before a batten or piece is pulled in or out.
��The correct call to warn of a batten, scenery, or line coming in under control is “Heads up!” The emergency call for falling objects is “Clear the stage!”
��Pockets should be emptied before going on to the grid. Tools brought onto the grid must be tied or secured to the worker. Safety belts should be worn while working on the grid.
��#�������������������������������������������������������*��� �������������@�������������pulled up, coiled, and carried down.
��Any discovered irregularity in cable, rope, or the counterweight system should be reported immediately to the supervising teacher.
��Only authorized and trained personnel are permitted to work with lighting circuitry, dimmers, and instruments.
��Know the location of the master electrical switch for the stage lighting equipment.
��Do not work around electrical equipment without shoes on.
��Any electrical or mechanical defect or irregularity must be reported to the supervising teacher for correction. No repair of faulty equipment or instruments should be undertaken unless the supervisor has been consulted and approved corrective repair or maintenance. Always inspect portable lights, foggers, cables, and connectors for damage before use. Do not use equipment that is designed to have an equipment safety grounding conductor and the connector is missing the grounding pin. Do not ����$�������������������������������������������������������� ������������������������>������equipment cord strain relief.
��Even when disconnected, some electrical equipment can cause shocks. Never remove the cover of a device without assessing the potential danger.
��!����������������������������� ���������� ������������������ � �������������������������respiration applied if the victim’s breathing has been interrupted and stopped.
��Any incidence of electrical shock, no matter how slight, must be reported for immediate correction to the supervising teacher.
��Food or beverages should not be allowed in the light control area.
���������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������&���housing. Always wear leather gloves to protect against sharp metal corners, hot metal parts, and broken ��������3���������������������������� �������������������������������������������������������������spot to develop on the glass and can cause the lamp to explode.
PAINT, SOLVENTS AND CHEMICALS
��]�������� ���������������&�����������"������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ �|�������3����!� ����!������=|!3!�� ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������used in the facility.
��Compare labels and use products that contain the least toxic ingredients. For example, replace turpentine with mineral spirits.
��Use premixed paints rather than dry pigments.
��Use water-based or latex paints rather than oil-based paints and enamels.
��Use products that are in solution rather than in powdered form.
��Avoid aerosol cans and spray products.
��Choose brushing and dipping methods in applying paint over spray methods whenever possible.
��Avoid breathing vapors and use proper ventilation when painting. General dilution ventilation can be used with acrylic, latex, and artist’s oils. Spray painting requires exhaust ventilation (i.e. an air circulation system that exhausts the contaminated air to the outside, not back into the building ventilation system).
��Before loading or unloading an arbor, the grid worker must call out, “Clear the rail!” This call is a warning that everyone must clear the area of the stage adjacent to the locking rail. When this area is clear, someone on stage must call out, “Rail clear!” Only after this has been done should the grid worker begin loading or unloading the arbor. It is then the responsibility of the stage worker who gave the “Rail clear” call to keep the rail area vacant.
��When hanging scenery or lighting equipment, the loading of the counterweights onto the arbor should ������ ������������������������������������ �����������������>�������������������������������������scenery or equipment, the arbor unloading should again be carefully coordinated with the dismounting � �����������������>�����������}&�����"��������������������������&������������������\�������������stage crew should allow the loading gallery crew the time to add counterweights to compensate for each �&�����������3����������������������������������������������\���������� �����������������������add a light, add a counterweight, and repeat.
��A 10-pound weight should not be put on the top of the stacked weights in an arbor. A 20-pound or heavier weight should be on top. Always make sure that the weight locking collars are on top of the counterweights (never under them) and that they are secured in place by tightening the set screws. If the arbor is equipped with spreader-plates, then see that they are raised-up as weights are loaded so that they do not become buried in the weight stack. Spreader plates should be positioned at about every 12-18 inches of counterweight thickness.
��Z�����������������������������������*����������������� ����������������������������@����should never be stacked above the toe rail height of the loading platform.
��When loading or unloading is complete, the loading gallery worker should call out, “Rail is safe!” This call should be acknowledged from the stage.
��A counterweight set must be left in a balanced position. The rope lock on the counterweight arbor should never have to hold more than about 50 pounds of imbalance. This means it should neither be “batten-heavy” or “arbor-heavy” beyond the control of a single operator.
��}&����� �������������������� �*������������������������������������������������� ����������locking rings in place.
��Pipe extensions to battens must be securely bolted to the batten with a steel splicing sleeve of equal or greater wall thickness than the pipe batten. There should always be at least three feet of pipe extension inside the batten. Batten extension pipes must be of the same or greater strength material than the main pipe batten. Do not use wood, plastic, or thin wall electrical conduit for battens or batten extensions. Long weight-bearing extensions must be bridle supported to the main batten suspension line.
��������������������������������������*�������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ������������������#����������������������������������������������pipe clamp bolted to the pipe, forged screw pin shackle, trim chain rated for overhead lifting, wire rope ��������������������������������������������������������������=����/~�������4��������������� ����� ����������������������������������� ��������������������$���������������
��Stagehouse rigging must be checked and approved by the faculty supervisor before use.
��When not in use, every batten should be stripped of hardware, extensions, hemp, or other attachments.
��If the facility is equipped with motorized rigging the equipment controls shall be locked and the key ��������&������������*������������������������������������
��When rigging lighting instruments, scenery, or props always provide a secondary safety attachment =�����������������������������������*����������� ��� ��������������������������������������������become loose or fail.
��Wash hands before and after applying makeup. Makeup artists should wash their hands before starting on another actor. Sponges and brushes should be washed after use on each individual.
��Avoid aerosol products whenever possible.
��Replace old makeup regularly.
��Avoid creating clouds of face powder that can be inhaled. Do not use old face powder.
��Moisten brushes or pencils with clean tap water, not with saliva.
��When removing spirit gum or latex, avoid prolonged skin contact with solvents. Replace lost skin oils with moisturizer.
PASBO Webcast Presentation 49
AUDITORIUM AND PERFORMING ARTS SAFETY Webcast Recording Order Form
School auditoriums and performing arts spaces are designed to accommodate special activities with large audiences. As such, they present unique challenges in terms of safeguarding event participants. Ensuring safety begins with understanding the environment and being proactive in establishing processes and procedures. Join this webcast to learn about: - The unique nature of auditoriums/performing art spaces - Typical auditorium safety hazards - The importance of preventive inspections and regular maintenance of auditorium/theatre facilities and equipment - Training for staff, student and volunteers on proper use of facilities (rigging, curtains, lighting, sound, etc.) - Ensuring public safety (crowd management, secured areas, first aid, emergency planning) - Establishing policies for facility access, supervision and use A recording of the webcast program will be available for download approximately two weeks after program date. Whether you use it as a review or share it with fellow employees unable to attend the live webcast, the information is at your fingertips! Fill out and send your order form to PASBO today! Name: Title:
School Entity/Employer:
Address:
City: State: Zip:
Phone: Ext. Fax:
Email:
If you are tax exempt, enter your tax ID here:
(If tax ID is not provided, add 6% sales tax to your order below)
Webcast Attendee by February 25* Non-Attendee or after February 25 (*Available to paid webcast attendees only)
Online Access @ $10 PASBO Member Online Access @ $40 Plus sales tax if applicable $______ Non-member Online Access @ $65 Plus sales tax if applicable $______ Total Amount Due $______ Total Amount Due $______
METHOD OF PAYMENT (Select one – Payment required with order)
� Check Made Payable to PASBO � Credit Card
Account Number: Expiration:
Cardholder’s Name:
Signature:
Check out other available webcast recordings at http://www.pasbo.org/store_home.asp
Attendee Early Bird Discount Offer – February 25 deadline!
PASBO Webcast Presentation 50
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Use this form to submit the names of all Guest attendees from a School/Organization different than the Host registrant. Host site should collect forms and return to PASBO within 7 days following program.
WEBCAST HOST SITE INFORMATION:
Webcast Date: 2/11/15 Webcast Title: Auditorium and Performing Arts Safety
GUEST PARTICIPANT INFORMATION: (One Guest per form)
Attendee Name: Title:
School Entity:
___ I am a PASBO member and contact information is on file (You do not need to complete the contact information section)
Employer :
Mailing Address:
City: State: Zip:
Phone: ( ) Fax: ( )
Email:
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I am requesting the following credit: (No credit can be given unless this form is signed & returned to PASBO)
__ CEU Credit for PASBO Professional Registration. (CEU credits will be uploaded to your CEU history. You can view your history at http://www.pasbo.org/ceuhistory.asp )
(CPE Credit is not available for this program)
I certify that I participated in the entire live webcast presentation.
Participant’s Signature Date______________
Please return this form by ONE of the following methods no later than 7 days following the program date: Mail to PASBO, PO Box 6993, Harrisburg, PA 17112
Scan and email to [email protected] Fax to 717-540-1796 (Cover sheet is not required)
(Credit is available for participation in the live program only)
