ED 221 398

AUTNORTITLE.

INSTITUTION.SPONS AGENCY

PUB DATEGRANTNOTEAVAILABLE FROM

'EDRS PRICEDESCRIPTORS

ID4NTIFIERS

ABSTRACTDesigned fior individuals who have completed National

'Pollutant iiiscliable EliMination System (NPDES) level 1 laboratorytraining skills, this module- on%d*geetor gas analysis provides wastewater treatment plant oPerators'witil the basic skills and informationneeded to: (1) Successfully run the carbon di,oxide analysis test; (2)accurately record data and observations;- (3) organize data to perform, :

required calculations for the test; (4) make general interpretationsas to the quality of digestor gas utilized in the test; and (5)obtain reliable, consistent results from the test procedure. Theinstructor's manual contains a statement of instructional goals,lists of instructor/student activities and instructional materials,and student worksheet (with answers). The student workbook containsobjectives, prerequisite skills needed before the module is startedosources of Fyrite Carbon Dioxide Analyzers, laboratory procedures(monitoring changes in digestor activity by determining carbondioxide with a carbon dioxide analyzer), and worksheet. .

(Author/JN)

,WoOley, John P.Percent CO2. Operational Control Tests for WastewaterTreatment Facilities. Initructor's Manual [and] .

Student Workbook.Linn-Benton Community. Coll., Albany, Oreg.Office Of Water Program OperatiOns (EPA), Cincinnati,Ohi0.1 National Training and ORerational TechnologyCenter.Mar 82EpA-90095301022p.Linn-Benton Community College, 6500 S.W. PacificBlvd., Albany, OR 97321 ($1. student workbook, S.instructor's guide).

MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS.*Chemical Analysis; InstruCtional Materials;*Laboratory Procedures; Postsecondary Education;Sludge; Teaching Guides; *Training Methods; *WasteSt/Ater; *Water Treatment*Carbon Dioxide; Digestor Gas Analysis

************************************************************************ Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best.that can be made *

from the.original document. *

***********************************************************************

erational Control

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF.EDUcATION

EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES: INFORMATIONIDENTER Efuct

This- dOcteneur has blen ieproducod asreceived from the 'redstart or ori)anizatio711ordynateig it

. Minor chiTo Or, been made to yellows ..

reproductioo quail

Poidt5 of wow 010 ii.14,51stawd in this docu:bent do nOt ri dsihIy repit4eld of ficialposition Oi pollCy

Insttqctor's Manual

"PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THISMATERIAL IN MICROFIcHE ONLYHAS BEEN' GRANTED BY.

TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)."

Linn-Benton Comrnunity CollegeAlbany, Oregon

pERCENT CO2

Writte.n. By:

John F. WooleyLinn-Benton.Cpmunity,Clille,ge

-

4

InstruttionaPrisCilla Hardfn'Corvalli s .0regon

Project Management:John W. Carnegie, Ph.D

Linn-Benton Community CollegeAlbany, Oregon

;

Project Officer:Lynn S. Marshall

United States Environmental Protection AgencyNational Training and Operational Technology Center

Cincinnati, Ohio

Developed Under:EPA Grant #900953010

August, 1981

PERCENT Cq.

CONTENTS

Subject

Instructional Goals

Instructor ktivity.

Siudent Activity

Instructional Materials List

Aniwers to Worksheet

StUdent Materials

Page

Cd-1

,01-1

Cd-1

Cd-1

W-Cd-1

S-C&1 thru 10

SW-Cd-1 thru 2

Cd-i 3/82

ipsTRUCTIONAL MAU;

Upon completion of this module the student should be dble to

successfully run the CO2 analysis test and adcurately record'

the data and observations. The student also should be able

to orgdnize the data so as to perform the required calculations

for this test. Based on values obtaihea the stadent should be

able to make general interpretations.as to the quality of

digestor 'gas utilized in the test.

INSTRUCTOR ACTIVITY,'For best.results,follow this sequence:

2.

3.

ACtivity ;Time j.

-Revieo the objectives with the students.

Have students read t14 procedure.

Demonstrate test proc dures. fl

n., 5 minutes;

10 minutes

15 minutes

4. Discuss calculatians: Method B. .

10 minutes

5. Assign, worksheet: 5 minutes

6. Correct worksheet. lo minutes

7. Perform tests. 30 minutes

8. Perform calculations - Method B 10 minutes

OTHER ACTIVITIES:

1. Prepare reagents Method B.

STUDENT ACTIVITY1. Read objectives.

2. Read procedure.

3. Cómplete worksheet

4. Perform test.

5. Record data.

6. Calculate percent CO2 - Method B

7. Interpret results;

INSTRUCTIONAL NIATVRIAICS LIST1. Instructor's Guide - CO2 Analysis

2. Student workbook - CO2 Analysis

3. Equipment listed in the Lab Procedures

Cd-1 of 1 3/82

5

ty"

WORKSHEET.Directicing- Place Art !IX" by the best antWer: There is onIyoece best answer for each question

PERCENT CO2

1. Digestor gas is generally composed o :

a) 502;

b), SO2 nd 02.

c) CO2 and.methane.

d) CO2 and 02.

e) SO*3 ahd NH4:

2. Bleedrng the digestor gas litie is.AlWays'necessary because:.

a) all the CO2 collects An the line.

b) water collects in the line-.

c) all'the Methane aollects in the line.

d) SO2 collects in the line.

e) None of the above.

3._ The analysis of CO2 is based upon the fact that:

a) X. CO2 is absorbed by chemicals in the.test.

b) ,CO2 remains unabsorbed.

c) methane is absorbed by chemicals in the test.

A) moisture is preSent in the saMple.

e) None of the above.

. The absorbent used in the .test:

a). -X is.caustic and can caUse burns.

b) is acidic and can cause burns.

c) ,is neutral.

d) All of the above.::

e) None of the aboye.

When using the Fyrite analyzer:

X the chamber must be reset to zero.

b) you must prepare your own reagents.

c) the methane level is measured directly.

d) All of the above.

e) None of the above.

W-Cd-1 of 2 '3/82

When using the Fyrite analyzer:

a) the bottom.of the meniscus is read.

b) X the top of the meniscus is read.'

c) there is no meniscus.

d) All of the above.

e) None of the above.

7

W-Cd-2 of 23/82

perational Control Tesfor Wastewater Treatment Facilities

PERCiNT CO2

Written By:John F. Wooley

Linn-Benton4ommunity CollegeAlbany, Oregon

Instructional Design:Priscilla HardinCorvallis, Oregon

Project ManageMeni:John W. Carnegie, 011.1),

tinn4entOn Community-CollegeAlbany, Oregon

Project Officer:Lynn S..Marshall

United States Environmental Protection AgencyNational Training and Operational Technology Center

Cincinnati, Ohio

Developed Under:EPA Grant #900953010

August, 1981

PERCENT CO2

CONTENTS

. Subject Page

Introduátion S-Cd-1

Objectives S-Cd-1

Prerequisite Skills S-Cd-1

(,Resouree List S-Cd=1

Percent CO2 Test Procedure S-Cd-2

Percent CO2 Data Sheets

Fyrite Method S-Cd-6

Graduated Cylinder Method. S-Cd-1

Sample Data Sheets S-Cd-8

Procedure Summariet

Fyrite Method S-Cd-9

Graduated Cylinder Method S-Cd-10

Worksheet SW-Cd-1

k

S-Cd-i

103/82

INTRODUCTIONThis module on digestor gas analysis is intended to give the

operator the basic information necessary to obtain reliable data

from the test procedures. GThe mention of any biand names

should not be taken as an endorsement of that material. This

test proceduree intbnded to be used by individuals who have

completed NPDES Level 1 laboratory skills training.

4k:

OBJECTIVESUpon completion of this module you should be able to:

1. -Describe 'the purpose of the gas analysis tests.

2. Describt the test procedure using a.Fyrite CO2Indicator.

3. Describe the test procedure using the graduated cylindermethod.

4. Read Fyrite Indicator.

5.. Calculate percent CO2 using graduate cylinder method.

PREREQUISITE SKILItS

In addition td the skills listed in the introduction, the

following skills are needed for this test:

1. Knowledge of mainteriance of Fyrite CO2 Analyzer.

2. Knowledge of digestor gas sample-slte..

3. Knowledge of hoW tb'bleed digestor gas'line.

RESOURCE LIST'

1. Fisher Scientific2170 Martin AveSanta'Clara, CA 95050

(408) 727-0660

. Scientific Producis3660 148th Ave., N.E.Redmond, WN 98052(206) 885-4131

. VWR Scientific.P.O. 80x 14070Portland, OR 97214(503) 234-9E72

S-Cd=110.10

Fifrite CO2 Analyzer#10-884

Fyrite CO2 AnalSizerPG1725

Fyrite CO2 Analyzer032022-000

3/82

DIGESTOR GAS AYALYSIS

PERCENT CO2

INTRODUCTION.

14.1

The activities.faking place in an anaerobic digestor are.reflected in the production of digestor gas. The gas is generallycomposted of approximately 30% carbon dioxide and 70% methabe. Ifthese general proportions vary appreciably from this ratio theoperator shouldTbe aware,of'potential problems and may want tojperform further and,more extensive studies of the'digestor content.

The easiest test'procedure to toe for monitoring.changes indigestor act4ity is the determinati-on of co2 with a CO2 analyzer. .

EQUIPMENT - METHOD A

Fyrite COz Indicator., Model CND

PROCEDURE01.11t.

1. RESET THE CHAMBER TO ZERO.

The chamber is reset to zero'by pressing thevalve on top of the ihstrument which allowsair to enter and the column of liquid to fallto zero.

2. ADJUST SCALE TO ZERO.

The scale is adjustable. If .the meniscusdoesn't read exactly zero it should be ddjustedto the zero line. Note that the zero is NOTread at the bottal of the meniscus but at-VeTOP.

. BLEED GAS LINE FROM DIGESTOR.

This bloWs out moisture and aflows.fresh go,to enter the line.

4. ATTACH HOSE TO GAS LINE.

5. PUMP GAS INTO CHAMBER.

a,

Hold the rubber connector tightly over the valveon top of the chamber with one hand and squeezethe bulb 18 times with the other hand.

,/ 12 .

S-Cd-2 of.10A

0

3/82-

INVERT'THE CHAMBER SEVERAL TIMES TO MIX.

PLACE UP-RIGHT AND READ PERCiNT OF CO2 DIRECTLY.

Be sure to read the top of the mehicus.

EQUIPMENT - METHpD*B"

Plastic Tubing100 ml Graduated Cylinder250 ml Beaker ,

1 liter Volumetric Flask1 liter' Plastic Reagent BottltReagents - Potatsium Hydroxide (KOH)Reagent,PreparationCO2 Absorbent - Add 500 g Potassium hydroxide to a 1 liter

volumetric flask that has about 500 ml ofdistilled water in it_ Swirl until dissolved.Bring up to the mark uith distilled water.Transfer to a 1 liter plastic reagent bottle.CAUTION: Never store strong basic solutionsi n gl ass stoOPered bottl es .

PROCEDURE

:-MEASURE VOLUME OF GRADUATED CYLINDER.

Measure the total volume of a 100 ml graduated.cYlihder 1),Y filling it to the top with water .

(approximately 125 ml). Record this volume.

2. ADD CO2 ABSORBENT TO BEAKER.

Pour approximately. 125 ml of CO2 absorbentinto the 250 ml beaker. CAUTION: This chem-

ical is a strong basic solution (caus0c)and will damage clothing and burn the skin.

BLEED THE GAS LINE FROM DIGES7Rrs

This blowg out mo'isture and allows fresh gas

to enter the line.

4. ATTACH HOSE TO GAS LINE.

COLLECT SAMPLE.

With the gas running through the hose film thegas sampling outlet, place the hose inside theinverted,,calibrated graduate0,cYlinder and,elloWthe gas to displade thetir in thecylinder. Turn off gas. CAUTION: The propermixture of digestor gas and air is' explosivewhen exposed to an open flame.

PLACE.GRADUATED'CYLINDER INTO BEAKER OF CO2 ABSORBENT.

Placethe. graduated dylinder.fulf.of dAgestorgisrupSide:dowtrin-a beaker dOntalning tOtabsorbent,

INSERT GAS, HOSE INTO GRADUATE.

In'sert gas hose inside upside ",cylinder.

'Turn on gas, but DO NOT blow'the liquid out of'the cylinder'. Run gas for atleast 60 secOnds.

Carefully remdve.the hose from the graduatedcylinder with the gak still running.

10: IMMEDIATELY TURN' OFF GAS.

11. WAIT TEN MINUTES.

Wait ten minutes' and gentlyshake the graduatedcylinder. If the liquid continues to rise,wait until it stops. -

12% READ VOLUME OF GAS IN CYLINDER.

Read volume of gas remaining in graduated ,

cylinder to the nearest milliliter. °

CALCULATIONS

Percent CO2

(Total volume, ml gas remaining'Total Volume, ml

EXAMPLU,'

Total Volume of CylinderGas Remaining

V

126 ml - 80 °m126 ml

46yg X 100%

= 37%

X 100%

126 ml80 ml

X100%

4.4

'4,414,

15

S-Cd-5 of 10 3/82

S-Cd-6 of 16 1/82

%C$02(*Graduated Cylinder Method)

Lab Technician Date Shift

SamOle No. Sample Time Total VolumeCylinder, ml

Volume GasRemaining,m1

%CO2

17.,s-cd47 of 10 3/82

SAMPLE DATA SHEET

%CO2.(Graduated Cylinder Method)

Lab.Iechnician RA Date jA0 Shift

ISample No. Sample Time ,;640tal Volume Volume Gas

If,tAinder, ml Remaining,m4 1CO21

PERCENT OF

ABSORBED GAS

% CO2(Fyrite Method)

Lab Technician 4°,4= Date 00 Shift At

18

S-Cd-8 of 10 3/82,.

PROCEDURE SUMMARY- Fyrite Method

PROCEDURE

Reset diamber to zero.

Adjust scale to-zero.

3. Bleed gas line from digestor.

4. Attach hose to gas line.

5. Pump gas into chamber.

---Invertehamber-several times tO mix.

7. Place upright and read percent CO2.

J.?

CALCULATIONS

None

Fyrfte Wafted - % CX32

,The Above procedure summary is designed as a laboratory aid.

ItAmay be cut.out and attached to a 5" X 7" index card for

convient reference at the laboratory,bench. To protect.ope

card you may wish to cover it, frotit and back, with clear,"

self-adhesive shelf paper or similar clear material.

g-Cd-9 Of 10 3/82

PROCEDURE SUMMARY Greduatod Cylinder Method

PROCEDURE CALCULATIONS

1. Measure volume of graduated cylinder. % CO2 =

2. Add CO2 absorbent to beaker.

AL VOLUME OF VOLUME GAS3. Bleed the gas line from digestor.

GRTAFUATtD CYLINDER REMAINING X 1004. Attach hose to gas line.

5. Collect sample.TOTAL VOLUME OF CYLINDER

6. Place graduated tylinder into beaker oCO2 absorbent.

7. Insert gas hoie into graduate.

8. Turn on gas.

9. Remove,hose.

10. Immediately turn off gas.

11. Wait ten minutes.

12. Read volume of,gas in cylinder.

Oraduated Cylinder Method co2

The ab

)e procedure summary-is designed as a laboratory aid.

It may e cut out and attached to a 5" X 7" index card for

convient reference at the laboratory bench. To protect the

card you may wish to cover it, front and back,-with clear;

self-adhesive,shelf paper or similar clear materjai.

20

S-Cd-10 of 10 3/82

OP

WORKSHEET

PERCENT CO2

0,

Directions: Place an "X" by the best answer. There is'onlyone best an"swer for each question.

1. Digestor gas is generally composed o

a) S02.

b) S02. ahd 02.

IA,CO2 and methane.

CO2-and tr2.

SO3 and NH4.

2. Bleeding the digestor gas line:is always necessary because:

a) all the CO2 collects in the line.

6) water collects in the line.

c) all the methane collects in ihe line.

d) SO2 collects in the line.

e) None orthe above.

3. The analysis of CO2 is based upon the fact that:

a) CO2 .is absbrbed.by chemicals in the test.

b) CO2 remains.unabsorbed.

c) methane is absorbed by chemicals in the test.

d) moisture is preseht in the sample.

e) None of the above.

The absorbent used in the test:

a) is caustic and can cause burns.

b) is acidic and can causeburns.

c) is neutral.

d) All of the above.

e) None of the above.

5. When using the Fyrite analyzer:

a) the chamber must be re_set to zero.

b) you must prepare yourown reagents.

c) the methane level'is measured directly.

d) All of the above.

e) None of the above.

SW-Cd-1 of 2 3/82

6. When using,the Fyrite analyzer:

a) the bottom of the meniscus is read.

b) the.top of the_meniscus is read.

c) there is no menisco:

d) All. of the above.

e) None of the above.

0

2'

SW-Cd-2 of,>2 3/82