http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Performance and sensitivity of Low Resolution Spectrographs
for LAMOST
Zhu Yongtian, Hou Yonghui, Hu Zhongwen
Wang Lei, Wang Jianing
San Diego, 27 June, 2010
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Outline• Brief introduction
--LAMOST
--LRSs
• Test results
-- Image quality
-- Throughout
--Wavelength coverage and resolution
• Some results in early commissioning observation
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
LAMOST
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Specification of LAMOST
Effective aperture: D = 4mFocal ratio: F#= 5field of view : 5 degrees Number of Fibers : 4000FRD: f/5→f/4Fiber core diameter: 320micons or 3.3″
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Specification of
Low Resolution Spectrograph
There are 16 LRS spectrographs
•250 fibers for each spectrograph
•Wavelength coverage 370nm~900nm
•Resolution expected 1000~10000
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
The optical layout of the LAMOST-LRS
R1000/2000R5000/10000
R5000/10000
R1000/2000
Blue band(370~590nm)
Red band (570~900nm)
Yongtian Zhu, Zhongwen Hu, Qingfeng Zhang, et al. Proc. SPIE 6269(2006)
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Spectrograph Parameters
• 16 low resolution spectrographs (LRSs) for LAMOST
• 250 fibers(3.3 arcsecs) / Each spectrograph
• The fibers are separated by 578μm center to center along the 144 mm height arc slit
• F/4 Schmidt collimator
• A dichroic beam-splitter
• 4 VPH gratings/LRS (low, and medium dispersion respectively)
• 2 articulating red and blue F/1.3 Schmidt cameras
• field lens
• Corrector mirrors
• 4096×4136 EEV CCD 12μm square pixel size
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
In laboratoryin Xinglong Station
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
VPH Grating sets of LAMOST-LRS
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
VPHG
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
VPH gratings wavefront quality
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Resolution powers
•Low-resolution mode
•Medium-resolution mode
•3700 – 9000 Å R ~ 1000 / 2000
•5100 – 5500 Å 8300 – 8900 Å
•R ~ 5000 / 10000
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
32 CCD Detectors
•E2V / England •Chinese Company
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Image quality of blue band for low resolution configurationR=1000
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Image quality of red band for low resolution configuration (R=1000)
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Image quality for medium resolution configuration (R=5000)
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Image quality
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Image quality (with 1.6″slit)
• two dimensional spectra of arc lamp (with 1.6″slit)
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Throughput
• Throughput of LAMOST-LRS without considering the CCD quantum efficiency and fiber transmission loss
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Wavelength coverage and resolution
• CCD can cover about 348nm(red band),234nm (blue band)
• The wavelength range: 365-599nm (blue band)
• 565-913nm(red band)
• The resolution at central wavelength:
• 1100 (at 740nm), 1040 (at 480nm)
• The 1D spectrum of arc lamp
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
The twilight sky spectra obtained by LAMOST
Blue band Red band
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Some observation results during the early commissioning phase (in the winter 2009)
• A very bright i = 16.44 quasar in the ‘redshift desert’ discovered by LAMOST (Xue-Bing Wu1, Zhaoyu Chen1, Zhendong Jia et al.)(2010)
• Eight new quasars discovered by LAMOST in one extragalatic field (Xue-Bing Wu, Zhendong Jia, Zhaoyu Chen et al.) (2010)
• LAMOST Discovers Quasars Behind the Andromeda Galaxy(Zhi-Ying Huo, Xiao-Wei Liu, Hai-Bo Yuan et al.)(2010)
• Detection of New Candidates of Metal-poor Stars with LAMOST Commissioning Data (H.-N. Li, G. Zhao, N. Christlieb) (2010)
• LAMOST Discovers New Planetary Nebulae in the Outskirts of the Andromeda Galaxy (Hai-Bo Yuan, Xiao-Wei Liu, Zhi-Ying Huo ) (2010)
• ……………………………………
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
A very bright i = 16.44 quasar in the ‘redshift desert’ discovered by LAMOST (z=2.427)
• Left panel: The LAMOST spectrum of SDSS J085543.40-001517.7. Right panel: The spectrum of SDSS J085543.40-001517.7 taken by the NAOC/Xinglong 2.16m telescope. The scaled SDSS composite quasar spectrum (in red color) is shown for comparison
Xue-Bing Wu, Zhaoyu Chen, Zhendong Jia et al. 2010 accepted by RAA
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Eight new quasars • 8 new quasars
( 2 quasars in the redshift desert)
• i magnitudes: 16.24 to 19.10
• z (redshift)
0.898 to 2.773
Xue-Bing Wu, Zhendong Jia, Zhaoyu Chen et al. 2010 accepted by RAA
http://www.niaot.ac.cn
Detection of New Candidates of Metal-poor Stars with LAMOST
• only the LAMOST blue arm spectra are shown, and the continuum has not been subtracted.
Hai-Bo Yuan, Xiao-Wei Liu, Zhi-Ying Huo, et al. 2010 accepted by RAA