Perimeter Joints Fire Protection - sesam-uae.com · UAE Fire Code requirements for Perimeter Joints...

Safety Design in Buildings – Forum – Abu Dhabi 2012 1www.hilti.com

Perimeter Joints Fire Protection:


1. Risks of Fire & Smoke spreading (statistics)

2. How to Protect the Perimeter joint

3. How to select the correct system according to testing

4. Correct Vs. Incorrect installation

5. UAE Fire Code requirements for Perimeter Joints Fire Protection

Key Learning Points:


Fire Statistics

Visibility: 47% of survivors caught in a firecould not see more than 12 feet (3.6 m).

Why must we contain Smoke, Toxic Gases and Fire?

3/4 of all fire deaths are caused bysmoke inhalation.

Approximately 57% of people killed infires are not in the room of the fire’s origin.

Source: Hall, Jr. John R. NFPA Fire Analysis & Research, Quincy, MA. “Burns, Toxic Gases, and other Hazards”.

Source: NFPA Fire Protection Handbook, 18th Ed. Table 1-1P. Pg.1-15.

Source: NFPA Fire Protection Handbook, 18th Ed. Table 8-1P. Pg. 8-17.


What is the leading killer in fires?

Smoke & Toxic Gases


Consider this:

• A square room 20 ft x 20 ft x 20 ft has a pencil hole betweencompartments.

• How long will it take for the smoke to fill the room to a thickness suchthat you cannot see your hands 18 inches in front of you?

How Fast Does Smoke Travel?


Pencil Hole

3 minutes40 seconds

20 ft x 20 ft x 20 ft room

Smoke travels 120-420 feet per minute (36 – 128 m/min), under fire conditionsSource: Estimate based upon ceiling jet velocity calculations for typical ceiling heights and heat release rates.


The Balanced Approach to Fire Protection

We can’t rely on any single action or safeguardto keep people safe


2nd Floor

1st Floor

GroundFloor

CurtainWall

Floor Slab

Chimney Effect –Internal Spread

Main Risks in Perimeter Joints:


1st Floor

2nd Floor

3rd FloorVision glass

Spandrel panel(glass, stone, metal...)

Mullions

Transoms

External Spread – “Leap Frog”

Main Risks in Perimeter Joints:


Main Risk in Perimeter Joints:

External Spread – “Leap Frog”

Al Tayer Tower – Sharjah 2012 Al Nasser Tower – Doha 2006


• 3 Main Testing Standards:

1. ASTM E2307: “Standard Test Method for Determining Fire Resistanceof Perimeter Fire Barriers Using Intermediate-Scale, Multi-Story TestApparatus”

2. EN 1364 – Part 3: “Fire resistance of curtain walling systems – fullConfiguration” – Fire Resistant Glazing

3. EN 1364 – Part 4: “Fire resistance of parts of curtain walling” – Non-Fire Resistant Glazing

• NFPA 285: “Standard Fire Test Method for Evaluation of FirePropagation Characteristics of Exterior Non-Load-Bearing WallAssemblies Containing Combustible Components”

Testing Of Curtain Wall Systems:


ASTM E2307

Standard Test Method forDetermining Fire Resistanceof Perimeter Fire BarriersUsing Intermediate-Scale,Multi-Story Test Apparatus


ASTM E2307 – Test Assembly

Cross-section view

backface

View from front face


Curtain Wall TestAssembly

Pre-Burn

Transom above floor

Transom below floor

Mechanical attachmentssupporting insulation

Mineral wool insulation atspandrel area

Mullions

Vision Glass



AssemblyInterior View

Pre-Burn

Thermocouplesmeasuring temperaturerise



Video

LSSCWBURN.wmv



Interior Burner Lit - Time: 0:00ASTM E2307 – Test Assembly


Exterior Burner Lit - Time: 0:05ASTM E2307 – Test Assembly


Flames ClimbingExterior

Time: 0:15



Melting of Mullions&Transoms

Time: 0:45



Vision GlassBreaks

Time: 2:00



Burner Off at 2 hours


Post Test:

Close up Detail of Mullionand Transom Damage



Post Test – Interior ViewASTM E2307 – Test Assembly


Only two labs presently perform testing in accordance withnewly developed ASTM test methods:

ASTM E2307 – Testing Labs

Northbrook, IL Elmendorf, Texas


Test result: Laboratory listing with very preciseconstruction details


NFPA 285 – Testing Method


NFPA 285 – Testing Method


Perimeter Fire Containment - Basic Design Criteria1. Provide Backing/Reinforcement Member at

Safing Line


ReinforcementMember

1


Perimeter Fire Containment - Basic Design Criteria

1. Provide Backing/Reinforcement Member atSafing Line

2. Mechanically Attached Curtain Wall Insulation


ReinforcementMember

1

2MechanicallyAttachedInsulation(hangers, clips, impalingpins, weld pins,…)





3. Protect Aluminum Mullions


2

ReinforcementMember

ProtectMullions

3

1

MechanicallyAttached Insulation


Melting Point ofAluminum - 1220 °F1

(660 °C) (9 minutes)

Sources:1. NFPA Fire Protection Handbook, 18th Ed.

Table 4-16A. Pg 4-183.2. SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection

Engineering, 1st Ed. Table 1-12.1. Pg. 1-166.3. Owens Corning SSL I or II Fiberglas Insulation

specification sheet.


Perimeter Fire Containment - Basic Design Criteria1. Provide Backing/Reinforcement Member at

Safing Line


4. Compression-fit Safing Insulation

Install Safing Impaling Clips – if required per tested assembly

Vertical fiberorientation



2ReinforcementMember

1


4

Compression FitSafing & SafingClips (if required pertested assembly)Protect

Mullions

3





3. Compression-fit Safing Insulation - as required per tested assembly

Install Safing Impaling Clips - as required per tested assembly

5. For “Smoke Containment” - Add Firestop Coating



5 FirestopCoating

2ReinforcementMember

3ProtectMullions

1


4

Compression Fit Safing& Safing Clips (if requiredper tested assembly)


5FirestopCoating


4”


33%



3.2mm13mm


Traditional Method – 6mm sheet metal top and bottom, filled with mineral wool:

Incorrect Installations:

General Value Proposition

• All voids closed with Fire andAcoustic sealant

Can be valid when

• No movement capabilities

• High Load

• Slow to install

• Not tested

Key Weaknesses


. Incorrect installation of foil boards leaves space for smoke and flames to passthrough and may fall out

. Foil may be damaged very easily



Coated boards are ridged and do notallow movement


Floorslab

Fire Stop

Fire StopDrops


Mastic spray

Firestop expands

Floor Slab

Cur

tain

Wal

l

Wall bulges outHeat and Flames

Overlapping:

13mm

13mm



Façade


UAE Fire & Life Safety Code ofPractice

2012 Edition


UAE Fire Code requirements:

3.2.4. Perimeter fire barriers –Exterior Curtain-wall System

• “3.2.4.5. Perimeter Fire Barrier SystemRatings shall be established inaccordance with ASTM E 2307 or EN1364 Part 3 and 4 or NFPA 285 or otherequivalent tests using the Intermediate-Scale, Multi Story Test Apparatus(ISMA) as the test method”

• “3.2.4.6. The system refers to all thenecessary components and conditionsin the approved firestop design, whichcan include but is not limited to the gapsize, sealant or backing material depth,and other parameters in the listing. ”


UAE Fire Code requirmeent:

6.8. Installation

“6.8.1. For installation of all the systems,installer shall strictly follow design listedand certified systems including illustrationstherein and manufacturer’s installationinstructions. ”


Fire with successfulcompartmentation

People with complete trustin the compartmentation


Questions….?


THANK YOU

(Protect Yourself & Others)


ASTM 2307 EN 1364-3 EN 1364-4 BS 8414-1 BS 8414-2

Curtain WallAssembly

Full Full Part Part Part

Glazing Non-FireRated

Fire-Rated Fire Rated &Non-FireRated

N/A Non-FireRated

Internalexposure

Curtain Wall,Insulation &Gap Seal

Curtain Wall& Gap Seal

Curtain Wall& Gap seal(partially)

NotEvaluated asa full system

NotEvaluated asa full system

ExternalExposure

Curtain Wall,Glazing,insulation orCompositePanel

Curtain Wall EvaluatedPartially

curtain Wall,Over-cladding &insulation

Curtain Wall,Glazing,CompositePanel

Movement Cyclingrequirements

N/A N/A N/A N/A

Equipments Internal &ExternalBurners

Internal ORExternalBurner



InternalBurner

Date post:	05-Jun-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	doliem
View:	228 times
Download:	0 times

Perimeter Joints Fire Protection - sesam-uae.com · UAE Fire Code requirements for Perimeter Joints...

Documents