Period 2 Packet

1607-1754

COLONIAL UNIT PERIOD 2: 1607–1754

Europeans and American Indians maneuvered and fought for dominance, control, and security in North America, and distinctive colonial and native societies emerged.

Key Concept 2.1: Differences in imperial goals, cultures, and the North American environments that different empires confronted led Europeans to develop diverse patterns of colonization.

I. Seventeenth-century Spanish, French, Dutch, and British colonizers embraced different social and economic goals, cultural assumptions, and folkways, resulting in varied models of colonization.

II. The British–American system of slavery developed out of the economic, demographic, and geographic characteristics ofthe British-controlled regions of the New World.

III. Along with other factors, environmental and geographical variations, including climate and natural resources,contributed to regional differences in what would become the British colonies.

Key Concept 2.2: European colonization efforts in North America stimulated intercultural contact and intensified conflict between the various groups of colonizers and native peoples.

I. Competition over resources between European rivals led to conflict within and between North American colonial possessions and American Indians.

II. Clashes between European and American Indian social and economic values caused changes in both cultures.

Key Concept 2.3: The increasing political, economic, and cultural exchanges within the “Atlantic World” had a profound impact on the development of colonial societies in North America.

I. “Atlantic World” commercial, religious, philosophical, and political interactions among Europeans, Africans, and American native peoples stimulated economic growth, expanded social networks, and reshaped labor systems.

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Homework -- Period 2: Perspective: For this period in AP US History you will focus on the perspective of various important figures from this period. You must write a paragraph from the perspective of what colonial life was like for them. Be sure to include in each paragraph the following information: Motivation, Policy (economic, social, and political), Interaction/Conflict with other groups, and Legacy. Within each paragraph be sure to include at least four additional vocab words from the textbook or the terms below (highlight the additional terms used). Understand that some of these figures may be in small sections in the book and you may have to elaborate on some as being part of a bigger issue in the colonies (ex. The treatment of natives throughout the colonies, being manifested in one event).

1. Roger Williams/Anne Hutchinson

2. Metacom (King Philip) 3. Lord Baltimore

4. Nathanial Bacon 5. Duke of York (James II) 6. William Penn 7. Sir Edmund Andros

8. John Peter Zenger/Ben Franklin

9. Jonathan Edwards/George Whitefield

Example: Captain John Smith: It has been quite the struggle since arriving here in Jamestown, being the first permanent settlement in the new world has put a lot of pressure on us. The fact that we set up in the marshy area of Southern VA hasn’t helped. What started as a quest to find riches and wealth turned into a time where no one was willing to work. It wasn’t until I told them if they didn’t work they wouldn’t eat did we start to get down to business. We also had some early run-ins with the Powhatan tribe, the indigenous people of the area. They had already established a series of agricultural villages that populated a large part of this area we were new to. Led by Wahunsonacock, these early conflict with the native people made our settlement quite difficult. The problems became more severe after I returned to England. What became known as the starving time, cost us all but 65 of our original settlers. If it weren’t for a new governor and supplies we may have ended this endeavor. Period 2 Terms (to use in paragraphs):

Antinomianism Bacon’s Rebellion Corporate colonies Dominion of New England Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) Georgia/James Oglethorpe Great Awakening Great Migration Halfway Covenant Headright system Indentured Servant Jamestown John Winthrop Joint-Stock company King Philip’s War (Metacom’s War) Maryland Act of Toleration (1649)

Massachusetts Bay Colony Mayflower Compact Mercantilism Middle passage Navigation Acts New England Confederation Proprietary colonies Puritans Quakers/William Penn/holy experiment Royal colonies Separatists/Pilgrims Slave trade Triangular trade Virginia Company Virginia House of Burgesses

Examining Passenger Lists Lesson Plan

Use the information on the passenger lists to complete the chart below and answer the questions that follow:

To Virginia To New England

Total Passengers

Ratio of Males to Females

Age Distribution

0-4 (infants) 5-13 (children) 14-24 (young adults) 25-59 (adults) 60+ (elderly)

Number of married passengers

Number of passengers traveling with at least one family member

1. Describe the “typical” English immigrant to the New World in terms of gender, age, and marital status on each of the ships.

How does this differ on the two ships?

2. What can you tell about the social background and wealth of the average passenger on each of the ships? Does one of the ships have richer passengers? What do you predict the passengers on the America will do when they arrive in Virginia?

Central Historical Question: What can passenger lists tell us about who settled in the New World and where

they settled?

Life in the 17th Century Directions: Identify the following terms and then fill in the chart to compare the Chesapeake and New England colonies. Be sure to put all information into your OWN WORDS and give specific examples and provide detail to appropriately complete the chart. Terms to identify

Freedom dues-

Headright system-

Indentured servants-

Nathaniel Bacon-

Middle passage-

Slave codes-

Half-way covenant-

Salem Witch Trials-

Town meeting-

Chesapeake Colonies New England Colonies

Economy

Government

Society: family life, marriage and the role of women

Life expectancy (Why)

Problems:

Bacon’s Rebellion

Salem Witch Hunt

Colonial Most Wanted

Event and when it occurred? What was it and who was involved? Why did it occur? What factors contributed to its beginning?

Long term impact and how did it impact future colonial resettlement?

Which side do you feel was justified and who is the most wanted?

King Philip’s War

______________________

Bacon’s Rebellion

______________________

Pope’s Rebellion

______________________

GREAT AWAKENING PRIMARY SOURCE READINGS Name: ________________________________

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER (Jonathan Edwards)

1. As you read the excerpt from Jonathan Edwards’ sermon “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God,” list the images that he uses, and the underlying religious beliefs that he is expressing through those images.

2. According to Edwards, what is every human being’s natural destination upon his or her death?

3. What evidence did Edwards use to support his conclusion?

4. How does this sermon typify the spirit of the Great Awakening?

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER (Nathan Cole)

1. Why do you think average farmers such as Nathaniel Cole halted their livelihood and traveled a great distance to witness George Whitefield speak? 2. What message does Cole’s statement, “I saw that my righteousness would not save me; then I was convinced of the doctrine of Election and went right to quarrelling with God about it, because all that I could do would not save me” reveal about Whitefield’s teachings?

3. After reading this passage, what conclusion can you draw about the religious practices and beliefs of the Great Awakening?

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER (Thomas Paine):

1. What is Deism and how is it different than Christianity? 2. How is Paine’s view of the human being’s relationship with God different from the view presented by Jonathan Edwards? 3. Why does Paine mention the “Church of Rome” in his arguments against Christianity? How would this strengthen his argument against Christianity? WHAT ASPECTS OF THE GREAT AWAKENING DO YOU THINK WILL IMPACT THE AMERICAN COLONIES IN THE LATE 18TH CENTURY? WHAT ASPECTS OF IT STILL IMPACT THE UNITED STATES TODAY?

The Thirteen Colonies, c. 1600-1750

REGION/ CATEGORY NEW ENGLAND MIDDLE COLONIES SOUTHERN COLONIES CHESAPEAKE

COLONIES

Colonies

Massachusetts Connecticut Rhode Island

New Hampshire

Pennsylvania New York

New Jersey Delaware

South Carolina North Carolina

Georgia

Virginia Maryland

Type/Founding &

Initial Purpose of the Colony

Primarily charter and royal (1620-1691)

Primarily proprietary and royal (1664-1702)

Primarily royal and proprietary (1607-1732)

Royal & Proprietary

Political Traits

Economic Traits

Social Traits (& immigration

patterns)

Cultural Traits

Important People in the

Colonies

The Duel for North America Directions: Read Chapters 4-5 in the Enduring Vision. As you read, answer the questions below. Be sure to write your answers in your OWN words.

The First World Wars: 1. For each of the following wars, explain who was fighting, why they were fighting and how the war ended

(talk about the treaty). a. King William’s Warb. Queen Anne’s Warc. War of Jenkins’s Ear/Austrian Succession:

2. Why were colonial Americans unhappy with the peace treaty following the “War of Jenkins’s Ear”?

War with France 3. Why were the French and the British fighting over the Ohio valley?

4. How did George Washington “inaugurate” war with France?

5. What were the sides in the “Seven Years War”? How did the fighting in Europe impact the war in

America?

6. How did the British in Nova Scotia react to the beginning of war?

7. What were the 2 goals of the Albany Congress? Were the goals achieved?

8. Who was General Braddock and what did he do?

9. What was William Pitt’s strategy for attacking New France? Did it work?

10. What was the final significant battle of the war?

Impact of the War 11. What was the result of the French and Indian war for the French? For the Spanish? For the English?

12. What impact did the war have on the colonists?

13. How did the French and Indian War weaken tribes like the Iroquois and Creeks?

14. What was the effect of Pontiac’s attack on frontier outposts in 1763?

15. What was the Proclamation of 1763? How did the American colonists react to it?

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Seven Years War Rap Battle

Your goal is to prove in a debate that you are the most deserving, and the most capable of taking, the Ohio River Valley in the Seven Years’ War.

Each team member will write a short paragraph (on their own) summarizing their arguments and a few sentences on which team (French, British, American Indians, Colonists) wins and why you think so. However you cannot vote for your own team!

Your Team Summary:

Debate Notes British

Characteristics/Needs:

Argument: In what way is this group MOST deserving & capable of controlling Ohio River Valley?

Native American Characteristics/Needs:

Argument: In what way is this group MOST deserving & capable of controlling Ohio River Valley?

Colonists Characteristics/Needs:

Argument: In what way is this group MOST deserving & capable of controlling Ohio River Valley?

French Characteristics/Needs:

Argument: In what way is this group MOST deserving & capable of controlling Ohio River Valley?

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