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Persian Gulf War #1Operation Desert Shield and Desert StormOperation Desert Shield and Desert Storm
1990-19911990-1991
Important People• George H.W. Bush• Dick Cheney• Colin Powell• Norman Schwarzkopf
Crisis• Iraq invades Kuwait- threatens
Saudi Arabia
• U.N. Responds (Collective Security)
Desert Shield• The “shielding” of Saudi Arabia
from Iraqi attack
• Build up of American and coalition forces
Desert Storm• Actual attack on Iraq to force them
from Kuwait
2 Phases of Desert Storm• Air War- 6 weeks
• Ground War- 100 hours
Air War…Air War…
Ground War…Ground War…
Results• Iraq forced out of Kuwait
• Iraqi military severely degraded
• Forced to accept UN weapons inspectors to make sure there is no WMD
Results• “No-Fly” Zones established over
Northern and Southern Iraq.
Historical Lessons Applied• Bush- WWII Veteran…..Appeasement
does NOT work…
Historical Lessons Applied• Powell/Schwarzkopf- Vietnam Veterans
…must have public support
… if you are going to war, go to WIN…do NOT fight fair…
Persian Gulf War #2Operation Iraqi FreedomOperation Iraqi Freedom
Spring, 2003Spring, 2003
Reasons for Conflict• Iraqi non-cooperation with U.N.
inspectors.
• Belief that Iraqi’s possessed WMD.
• Part of the overall war on Terrorism.
Important People• George W. Bush• Dick Cheney• Colin Powell• Donald Rumsfeld• Condoleezza Rice
Operation Iraqi Freedom• Goals:
– End the rule of Saddam Hussein
– Eliminate WMD
– Disrupt terrorists and their networks
Continuing Problems…• Guerrilla War continues…
• Moslem extremists continue to enter Iraq
• Sunni vs. Shiite problems