Personality Disorders

Ashraf TantawyProfessor of PsychiatrySuez Canal University

Conscious

Preconscious EGO

ID

UnconsciousSUPEREGO

EMOTIONAL

STABLE

INTROVERTED EXTRAVERTED

AnxiousRigid

SoberPessimistic

ReservedUnsociable

Quiet

CarefulThoughtful

PeacefulControlled

ReliableEven-tempered

Calm

PassiveOutgoing

TalkativeResponsive

EasygoingLively

CarefreeLeadership

Sociable

MoodyRestlessAggressive

ExcitableChangeable

ImpulsiveOptimistic

Active

Touchy

Melancholic

Phlegmatic

Choleric

Sanguine

DEFINITIONS Personality - Usual Emotional +

Behavioral Characteristics Personality Traits - Components of

Personality Temperament - Affective Tone,

Intensity, Reactivity Character - Moral + Personality Traits

DSM IV PD

Axis II10 Diagnoses + NOS +

AppendixClusters

Definition of Personality Disorder

1. It is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectationsof the individual’s culture,

2. It is pervasive and inflexible,

3. It has on onset in adolescence or early adulthood,

4. It is stable over time,

5. It leads to distrust or impairment.

What are Personality Disorders Like?

People with personality disorders typically have problems in many areas of their lives, including social skills, moods, and emotional states.

People with these disorders has difficulty establishing normal, health relationships.

Personality Disorders In many of the disorders, sufferers lack

the ability to have genuine emotions including empathy for others.

In some disorders, some have no desire to have social relationships or they want relationships, but are scared to reach out to people.

Personality disorder symptoms stem from basic personality traits that developed over time. That is means: A person does not “get” a personality disorder.

Cluster A

Individuals appear odd or eccentric Paranoid Schizoid Schizotypal

Cluster B

Individuals appear dramatic, emotional or erratic Antisocial Borderline Histrionic Narcissistic

Cluster C

Individuals appear anxious or fearful Avoidant Dependent Obsessive-

Compulsive

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent.

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions.

Schizotypal Personality Disorder Pervasive pattern of

social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

The essential feature is a pervasive pattern of disregard for the violation of the rights of others.

Since age 15 Sociopathy,

psychopathy

Borderline Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects. Marked impulsivity

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Pervasive Pattern of excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy that begins by early adulthood.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.

Dependent Personality Disorder

Pervasive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and fears of separation.

Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism and mental and interpersonal control.

PASSIVE-AGGRESSIVE PD

Negative Attitudes with Passive Resistance to Demands.

SUMMARY PART IParanoid Suspicious, Jealous, But Not

Psychotic or Unlawful.

Schizoid Unemotional, Cold, Indifferent.

Schizotypal Odd + Magical Beliefs, Behaviors, Not Paranoid.

ASPD Aggressive, Unlawful, Impulsive.

Borderline Unstable, Chaotic, Impulsive Not Aggressive or Unlawful.

Histrionic Dramatic, Seductive But Not Chaotic.

SUMMARY PART IINarcissistic Self-Centered, Entitled, Lacks

Empathy But Not Unlawful or Chaotic

Avoidant Needs People But Fears Relationships

Dependent Needs Relationships, Indecisive, Fears Abandonment

Obsessive- Rigid, Perfectionist + Inefficient

Compulsive

Passive- Negative Attitudes with Passive Aggressive Resistance to Demands

Psychiatric

Impact of Personality Disorders

Psychology Physician Assistant

Physical Therapy

Occupational Therapy

Vocational Therapy

Nursing Assistance

Legal Assistance

Social Work

Conclusion

We have all personality traits integrated with each other.

If one trait dominates on the other traits then we have a personality disorder.

Personality disorders have no onset. Personality disorders need a long

time to treat. Psychotherapy is the main therapy

for personality disorders.