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8/3/2019 Personality Final 08 10
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Personality ³Persona", ³Mask¶¶
The word µpersonality¶ derives from the Latin word µpersona¶
which means µmask¶. Personality is the study of µmasks¶ that people wear.
These are the personas that people project and display,
Includes the inner parts of psychological experience which we
collectively call our µself¶.
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Benefit of learning about personality
Better understanding of strengths and weaknesses.
Improve interpersonal relationships
Realign expectations towards each other
An understanding of indirect influence on performance
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OBJECTIVE
TO DEVELOP AN INSIGHT FOR UNDERSTANDING --
THE IMPACT OF TRAITS,& TYPES OF PERSONALITY
IN REFERENCE OF PERSONAL, SOCIAL AND
PROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT
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A P A¶s
DESCRIPTION
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of the AmericanPsychiatric Association (APA)
define personality as
Enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking aboutthe environment and oneself that are exhibited in a wide rangeof social and personal contexts
a) traits are relatively stable over time
b) traits differ among individuals (e.g. some people are
outgoing while others are reserved) c) traits influence behavior.
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Personality Defined
Characteristics, pattern of T houg ht, Emotion and Behaviour t hat define a person¶s style and influence
interactions wit h t he Environment.
P = BXE
Personality can also be understood as unique and relatively stable pattern of behavior over time
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DETERMINANTS OF PERSONALITY
Personality gets shaped by²
1- Heredity
2- Society3-Culture
4-Situation
Heredity an individual is born with
Society,culture,situations are made, maintained and canbe modified by humanbeing
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FRIEDMAN¶S CLASSIFIC ATION
Characteristics of-- Type A
Severe sense of time .
Relaxation gives a feeling of guilt
Over achievers,Move eat and walk fast
Stressed, overwhelmed by
the amount of tasks ..
Competitive and has a highchallenging spirit.
ex ± repeatedly looking at the
watch while giving exam
or waiting for an appointment
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TYPE B
Type B opposite of Type A.
An easy going
Relaxed by nature and no sense
of time urgencyNo problems relaxing or sitting
without doing anything
Don't get stressed by delay
ex ±for exam they work hard
score above average
celebrate an keep
performance consistent
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Openness to Experience:
The tendency to be imaginative, independent, and interested in
varietyvs.
Practical, conforming, and interested in routine.
Conscientiousness
The tendency to be organized, careful, and disciplined
vs.
Disorganized, careless, and impulsive.
Lewis Goldberg¶s
BIG F
IVE
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CONTINUE
Extraversion
Tendency to be sociable, fun-loving, and affectionate
vs.
Retiring, somber, and reserved.
Agreeableness:
Tendency to be softhearted, trusting, and helpful
vs.
Ruthless, suspicious, and uncooperative.
Neuroticism
Tendency to be calm, secure, and self-satisfied
vs.
Anxious, insecure, and self-pitying
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MYER¶S BRIGG TRAIT INVENTORY:
Extroverts Introverts
Interested in surrounding
Open and often talkative
Compare own opinions withother¶s
Like action and initiative
Easily make new friends or
adapt to a new group
Easily break unwantedrelations
Interested in own thoughts andfeelings
Need to have own territory
Often appear reserved, quiet and
thoughtful
Usually do not have many friends
Have difficulties in making new
contacts
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Sensing Intuition
See everyone and sense
everything
Live in here and now
Quickly adapt to any situation
Like pleasures based on physical
sensation
Practical and active
Realistic and self-confident
Mostly in the past or in the future
Worry about the future more than
the present
Interested in everything new andunusual
Do not like routine
Attracted more to the theory than
the practice
Often have doubts
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Thinking Feeling
Interested in systems, structures,
patterns
Expose everything to logical
analysis
Relatively cold and unemotional
Evaluate things by intellect and
right or wrong
Have difficulties talking about
feelings
Do not like to clear up arguments
Interested in people and their
feelings
Easily pass their own moods to
others
Pay great attention to love and
passion
Evaluate things by ethics and good
or bad
Can be touchy or use emotional
manipulation
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Perceiving Judgingct impulsively following the situation
Start many things at once withoutinishing them properly
Prefer to have freedom from
obligations
Curious and like a fresh look at things
ork productivity depends on their
mood
Often act without any preparation
Do not leave unanswered
questions
Plan work ahead and tend to
finish it
Do not like to change their
decisions
Relatively stable workability
Easily follow rules and discipline
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Personality And Communication
For leaders and managers it is essential to understand
Basics of communications
Own communication styles
Role of emotional intelligence
the impact of all of this on their co-workers and their
organization:
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CONTINUE
People who choose to move ahead in lives, relationship
or career, need to train themselves to become more
effective, interpersonal communicators and these
individuals succeed with their goals every time.
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PERSONALITY VS
WORLD OF WORK
Personality influences individual's
leadership ability and style
team performance
Organizational effectiveness.
Management asses personality suitability
at the time of
selectionevaluation
rejection
training people.
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JOB FIT
Person-Environment Fit:
Looks at person and job fit in organizational environment.
Optimum performance and more job satisfaction
Holland has given a broad choices about
Personality and Congruent Occupations««.
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CONTINUE
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2) A warm smile is almost always returned.
3) Be empathic listener and enthusiastic to meet people.
4) Address the person with the same level of respect as you wishto be addressed.
5)Project the qualities you would like the person to show you inreturn.
Following are few general steps to practice««
HOW TO DEVELOPDESIRED TRAITS
1) Meet people in a positive state of mind .
First impression is the most important.
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INTROSPECT
Understand your strengths and
weaknesses and get connected to your
true self.
Maximize your full potential as a person.
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LISTEN
Be an emphatic listener.
People are attracted to someone who listen.
The easiest way to gain other people¶s confidence is to hear
them out
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SMILE
Smile and laugh a lot.
Doses of smile and laughter inspire us, improvehealth, and benefit both the giver and receiver.
A smiling person attracts people
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HELP
Always be glad and ready to lend a helping hand. A person¶s actions mirror the contents of his heart.
Find every opportunity to help others.
Helping somebody brings about good feelings and paves the
way for the receiver to like and respect you in return.
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COMPLIMENT
Be profuse with giving compliments.
Tongue has the power to heal or destroy and curse or
bless someone.
Every human being is dying to hear good things about
themselves
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POSITIVE PERSONALITY
Positive personality is oriented towards
creativity,hope,wisdom and spirituality and less
concerned with aggression,weakness and
pathology.
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THANKSPersonality and performance are intricately linked, and personality has
proven to have a direct influence on an individual's leadership
ability and style, team performance, and overall organizational
effectiveness. In Personality and t he Fate of Organizations, author Robert Hogan offers a systematic account of the nature of
personality, showing how to use personality to understand
organizations and to understand, evaluate, select, deselect, and
train people.
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CONTINUE
I know I can't expect you to want the same things that I want.We are not the same person, so we will not always see things
the same way.
I have my own Thoughts and my own ideas
that may or may not fit into your vision of who I should be. But I want for us to understand each other, and communicate well,because we
live in same world.
By learning more about my own Personality, and about other Personality Types,I can come to a better understanding of my strengths and
weaknesses.
I can improve my interpersonal relationships, realign my expectations towardsothers,and gain a better self-knowledge that will help me define and achieve goals.
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Person-Environment Fit: Looks at if the person and job are suited toone another and at how well the individual will fit in the overallorganizational environment.
The Organisational Competencies are Denifed in order to look at therequirements of the company which an individual is applying to. The
Individual is then Assessed on these competencies and thecompetency fitment between the individual and the company isfound out.
The Competencies can be assessed using various tools likePsychological Tests, Competency Based Interview, Situational Analysis, Etc.
If the Individual is found out to be good on competencies defined for the company using the various tools, we can say that the Individualwould be able to adjust in the company environment and workculture and would be able to perform at his Optimum level, takingthe performance to maximum level when required.
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Type A Personality
The following are the characteristics of the type Apersonality
Type A¶s has got a severe sense of time urgency. They
are always running and can hardly relax. If they satwithout doing something useful they may end up feelingguilty
Type A¶s are over achievers, they usually get themselvesinvolved in many different unrelated activities andperform well in them all.
Type A's biggest problem is stress, they are usuallyoverwhelmed by the amount of tasks they have to do.These tasks are usually a huge list that they planned for themselves.
Type A is usually competitive and has a high challenging
spirit.
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Type B Personality
Type B personality is almost the opposite of Type A.This type of person is relaxed by nature and has nosense of time urgency
Type Bs have got no problems relaxing or sitting withoutdoing anything
Type Bs may delay the work they have to the lastmoment and they usually don't get stressed that easily.
TypeB
could be an achiever too but his lack of sense of time urgency helps him much in not feeling stressedwhile doing his tasks.
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Openness to Experience: the tendency to be imaginative,independent, and interested in variety vs. practical,conforming, and interested in routine.
Conscientiousness: the tendency to be organized, careful, and
disciplined vs. disorganized, careless, and impulsive.Extraversion: the tendency to be sociable, fun-loving, and
affectionate vs. retiring, somber, and reserved.
Agreeableness: the tendency to be softhearted, trusting, andhelpful vs. ruthless, suspicious, and uncooperative.
Neuroticism: the tendency to be calm, secure, and self-satisfiedvs. anxious, insecure, and self-pitying
Lewis Goldberg
BIG FIVE
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Underlying all these typologies are four personality traits(functions):
Extroversion (E) --- Introversion (I)Do you recharge your energy via external contact &
activity (E
xtroversion) or spending time in your inner space (Introversion)?
Intuition (N) --- Sensing (S)Do you rely on your inner voice (Intuition) or observation(Sensing)?
Thinking (T) --- Feeling (F)When making decisions, what do you rely moston? Your thoughts or your feelings?
Judgement (J) --- Perception (P)Do you tend to set schedules and organize your life(Judgement), or do you tend to leave the options open
and see what happens (Perception)?
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Personality Types:
1 Reformer
2 Helper
3 Motivator
4 Romantic5 Thinker
6 Skeptic
7 Enthusiast
8 Leader
9 Peacemaker
JUNG¶S CLASSIFICATION P li
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JUNG¶S CLASSIFIC ATION Personality
Types:
Extroverts Introverts
interested in serrounding
open and often talkative
compare own opinions with
other¶s
like action and initiative
easily make new friends or
adapt to a new group
say what they thinkinterested in new people
easily break unwanted
relations
interested in own thoughts
and feelings
need to have own territory
appear reserved, quiet andthoughtful
usually do not have many
friends
difficulties in making newcontacts
like concentration and quiet
work well alone
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Relations
hips
among
Occupational
Personali
ty Types
E X H I B I T 4-4
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Personality And Communication
Interpersonal communication is one of the most
challenging and important aspects of a
successful career. It is essential for leaders andmanagers to understand the basics of
communications, their own communication
styles, the critical role of emotional intelligence,
and the impact of all of this on their co-workersand their organization:
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text
communication ³intake´ modes come from our ³inborn preferences´ that are part of our personality type . Some people are moreenergized by talking and interacting; others aremore comfortable reading and then thinking itover. One preference is not better than the other
± they are equally valid ways of receivinginformation. If you wish to be effective in your
communication with employees, peers, clients or the boss ± remember to use both forms of expression!
Learning to understand and work with different
personalities is key to being a successful in anyor anization.
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text
communication ³intake´ modes come from our ³inborn preferences´ that are part of our personality type . Some people are moreenergized by talking and interacting; others aremore comfortable reading and then thinking itover. One preference is not better than the other
± they are equally valid ways of receivinginformation. If you wish to be effective in your
communication with employees, peers, clients or the boss ± remember to use both forms of expression!
Learning to understand and work with differentpersonalities is key to being a successful in anyor anization.
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Man is the maker of
his owndestiny(personality)
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Man is the maker of
his owndestiny(personality)