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CognitiBehavioTheories:

Ellis, AaronArnold La

Chapter

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Theory of Rational Emotive Behavior The(REBT)

REBT based in Stoic philoso

Alfred Adlers writings Human beings have four

fundamental and interrelaprocesses: perception, mothinking, and emotion

A-B-C theory suggests howdevelop irrational belief sywhen a highly charged emconsequence follows an acevent

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Ellis's A-B-CTheory

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Rational Emotive BehaviorPsychotherapy

Goal of therapy is to enable clients tocommit themselves to actions thatcorrespond to their true value system

The three main therapeutic processesare

Cognitive Emotive-evocative

Behavioral

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Thinking Critically A Self-Help Form

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Thinking Critically A Self-Help Form(continued)

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Behavior Therapy Examples

Desensitization

Implosion Therapy

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Aaron Beck

Yale School of Medicine gave

him the M.D. certified inpsychiatry

Embarked on research tosubstantiate psychoanalyticconcepts

Failure of psychoanalysis ledhim to develop cognitivetherapy to treat depression

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Theory Behind CognitiveTherapy

Cognitive therapy derived from

Phenomenological approach topsychology

Structural theory and Freud

Cognitive psychology

Cognitive therapy based on theory ofpersonality that maintains that howone thinks largely determines how onefeels and behaves

Th B hi d C iti

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Theory Behind CognitiveTherapy

Cognitive Schemas

Structures that consist of an

individuals fundamental beliefsand assumptions about how theworld works

Automatic Thoughts

Involuntary, unintentional, and

preconscious thoughts that arehard to regulate

Cognitive Distortions

Systematic errors in reasoning

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Thinking Critically

Automatic Thoughts Diary

Beck suggested that clients keep a Daily Record of

Dysfunctional Thoughts Answer the following questions whenever you experie

negative feeling

In what situation did the feeling occur?

What (automatic) thought passed through your min

What type of cognitive distortion can you identify inthinking (see Table 16.1)?

How could you rationally and constructively responthe thought?

How might your new response change your emotio

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Cognitive Distortions

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Cognitive Distortions (continued)

Th B hi d C iti

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Theory Behind CognitiveTherapy

Dimension of Sociotrop

Autonomy Two dimensions of

Sociotropic dime

Autonomous dim

Cognitive Triad

Tendency for depreindividuals to have aview of the self, thethe future

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Cognitive Psychotherapy

Cognitive and behavioral methods

Challenge dysfunctional beliefs Promote more realistic thinking

Consists of well defined therapeutictechniques that help clientsexperience affective arousal

Cognitive therapy is present-centered, directive, active, andproblem-oriented

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Arnold Lazarus

Born South Africa

B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. fromUniversity of Wiwatersrand

Began his private practice in

Immigrated to the US in 196

Distinguished Professor ofPsychology

1999 received two LifetimeAchievement Awards

Th D l t f Th d th

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The Development of a Theory and theBASIC-ID

Theory developed out of an emp

dyadic transactions - significantinterpersonal relationships

Comprehensive appraisal of perscalled BASIC-ID

Lazarus says people have differe

thresholds (tolerance levels for pfrustration, and stress) and tend some BASIC-ID

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The BASIC-ID

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Multimodal Therapy

Methods are performance-based

Distinctive features

Holistic approach

Modality profiles

Structural profiles

Bridging

Tracking

Technical eclecticism

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