Perspectives and Methods

Biological Basis of Human Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Learning

Memory

Cognition

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

$200

$400

$600

$800

$1000

Perspectives and Methods

Biological Basis of

Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Learning Memory Cognition

What is a case study?

Research technique in which one person is studied in depth

What is correlation? AND

What is the most important thing to remember about

correlation?

Extent to which 2 things are related

Correlation does NOT equal causation!

What is natural selection?

Traits that contribute to survival will be passed on to succeeding generations

A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion

Random Sample

What is an independent variable?

Dependent?

Independent: thing that is manipulated to see if there is a change in the depend. variable

Dependent: thing that is influenced by the independent variable

A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of the neuron

Action Potential

What is your frontal lobe responsible for?

Planning and judgment

Motor cortex

The “recharging phase” when a neuron, after firing, cannot generate another action potential

Refractory Period

Part of the brain responsible for emotions like fear and anger

Amygdala

Hormone that is responsible for releasing strength and increasing endurance during stressful situations

Epinephrine

The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

Perception

Part of the eye that works with the iris to control the amount of light that enters the eye

Pupil

Three tiny bones that pick up and transmit sound waves from the ear drum

Ossicles

Your vestibular sense is controlled by what part of the body?

Semi-circular ear canals

Monocular depth cue that determines depth by noting that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance

Linear Perspective

Process in which an organism produces the same response to two similar stimuli

Generalization

Who is responsible for the BoBo doll experiments?

Albert Bandura

What is negative reinforcement?

Anything that increases the likelihood of a behavior by removing an undesirable event or state

ID the US;UR;CS;CR for Pavlov’s experiment

US: Meat Powder CS: Tuning Fork

UR: Drooling CR: Drooling

Interval schedules deal with…

Ratio schedules deal with…

Interval: time that has passed by

Ratio: number of times something is done

Method of retrevial Method of retrevial used by essay, fill-in-used by essay, fill-in-the blank, and short the blank, and short answer questionsanswer questions

Recall

Retrieval method Retrieval method used by multiple used by multiple choice tests choice tests

Recognition Recognition

Part of your memory you are aware of – often called “working memory”

Short-term memory

What is implicit memory? What part of the brain processes these memories?

Memories of tasks and skills

Cerebellum

What is the misinformation effect? Who did research on this?

Incorporating misleading info into one’s memory

Elizabeth Loftus

Typical best example of a concept

Prototype

What is the difference between a phoneme and a morpheme?

Phoneme: smallest unit of sound

Morpheme: smallest unit of sound with meaning

What is intelligence?

Ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to a new situation

What is the difference between achievement and aptitude tests?

Achievement: Achievement: Tests that attempt to measure what the test-taker has accomplished

Aptitude: Aptitude: Tests that attempt to predict the test-taker’s future performance

What is validity?

Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is suppose to