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Perspectives on Personality1. Students are able to: -Evaluate psychodynamic theories -Evaluate trait theories -Evaluate humanistic theories -Evaluate social–cognitive theories
Assessment of Personality2. Students are able to: -Differentiate personality assessment techniques -Discuss the reliability and validity of personality assessment techniques
Issues in personality3. Students are able to: -Discuss biological and situational influences -Discuss self-concept -Analyze how individualistic and collectivistic cultural perspectives relate to personality
4. Identify key contributors to personality theory (e .g ., Alfred Adler, Albert Bandura, Paul Costa and Robert McCrae, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers)
Unit 6 Personality Essential Topics
Personality OverviewPersonality theories is a system of concepts, assumptions, ideas, and principles that are used to explain personality
Trait Theory
Attempt to learn what traits make up personality and how they relate to our actual behaviors
Humanistic theory Stresses private, subjective experience and personal growth
Psychodynamic theory
Behavioristic theory
Focuses on the inner workings of personality, especially internal conflicts and struggles
Places importance on the external environment and on the effects of conditioning and learning
Biological theory Genetics are responsible for personality
Trait OverviewWe use the trait theory to predict future behavior
Trait OverviewThere are multiple kids of traits
Common Traits Individual Traits Cardinal Traits
Characteristics shared by most members of a culture
Define a person’s unique personal qualities
The basic trait that all of a person’s activities can be traced to
Trait OverviewCentral vs. Secondary
Central Traits Secondary Traits
Core qualities or basic building blocks of personality
Less consistent, relatively superficial aspects of a person
7 on average
Surface traits vs. Source traits
Psychodynamic Theory of Personality
Focuses on the unconscious mind and childhood experiences as the drive of personality
Erikson
Psychoanalytic Theory OverviewId----Ego----SuperEgo
Id Superego
Based off of the pleasure principle
chaotic
Relates the Id to the reality of life. Guided by the reality principle
Ego
Acts as a judge or censor for the thoughts and actions of the ego. moderator
Learning Theories of Personality Behavioral Personality Theories
Emphasize that personality is no more than a collection of learned behavior patterns
Acquired through classical and operant conditioning
Reject the idea of traits
Learning Theories of Personality Behavioral Personality Theories
Personality is developed through social reinforcement
Based off of praise, attention, or approval from others
Childhood is a time of urgent drives, powerful rewards and punishments, and huge frustrationsWhat role does school play in this?
Humanistic Theory of Personality Humanism
Focuses on human experience, problems, potentials, and ideals.
At its core lies a positive image of a person being good
A crucial factor is our capability of free choice
Humanistic Theory of Personality Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Humanistic Theory of Personality Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Biological Theory of Personality
Argues there is a strong link between inherited factors and human personality
For example: neuroticism was inherited as a whole factor.
Hans Eysenck
Big 5 theory of personality(aspect of trait theory)
Each group member needs to research the following about their respective trait;-summary of trait-examples both high and low-importance to every day life
Group Reflection (only 1 as a group)
Big 5 theory of personalityGroup Reflection
As a group, on one sheet of paper, please reflect on the following topics;1. Provide a one sentence description of each of the 5 traits.2. In a paragraph, describe the 2 traits that you feel are the most
and least revealing about someone with support of your choices.
Body Language and Personality
What does Body Language show us as an insight to our personalities?