Objectives:Objectives:

•Consider the types of disability that exist.Consider the types of disability that exist.

•Look at ways in which disabled performers are able to be Look at ways in which disabled performers are able to be active participants.active participants.

•Consider the measures taken to enable the disabled to Consider the measures taken to enable the disabled to participate as fully as possible. participate as fully as possible.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hoZLd8jOzJQ&feature=related

Disability is an area where Disability is an area where social perceptions has been social perceptions has been raised through policies of raised through policies of inclusioninclusion to ensure that all to ensure that all people are catered for.people are catered for.

Disability can be Disability can be considered to exist in one considered to exist in one of 4 categories:of 4 categories:

•PhysicalPhysical

•MentalMental

•PermanentPermanent

•Temporary.Temporary.

All the above will affect an All the above will affect an individual’s ability to take individual’s ability to take part, but there are various part, but there are various ways in which these ways in which these different disabilities can different disabilities can be catered for.be catered for.

All sports can be adapted to cater for either general or All sports can be adapted to cater for either general or specific abilities. All governing bodies make effort to specific abilities. All governing bodies make effort to make their sports accessible to all.make their sports accessible to all.

The Paralympics are held every 4 years immediately The Paralympics are held every 4 years immediately after the Olympic Games. In 2008 there were 20 after the Olympic Games. In 2008 there were 20 different events, which ranged from athletics through to different events, which ranged from athletics through to equestrian events and 5 – aside and 7 – aside football. equestrian events and 5 – aside and 7 – aside football. The IPC (international Paralympics committee) also The IPC (international Paralympics committee) also organise many other competitions. organise many other competitions.

Adapted sports, such as wheelchair basketball, where the Adapted sports, such as wheelchair basketball, where the hoop heights are the same but some of the rules (such as hoop heights are the same but some of the rules (such as travelling) are adapted.travelling) are adapted.

Watch this video clip: - How has athletics adapted to Watch this video clip: - How has athletics adapted to allow Oscar to run?allow Oscar to run?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-fbSHENjHc

Adapted equipment, such as footballs used by the blind Adapted equipment, such as footballs used by the blind and visually impaired, where there are ball-bearings in the and visually impaired, where there are ball-bearings in the small compartments within the ball so that it is auditable small compartments within the ball so that it is auditable and its movements can be tracked.and its movements can be tracked.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=saDZFvKOOe0

Watch this video clip about the Football Blind World CupWatch this video clip about the Football Blind World Cup

Other adapted equipment, such as specially designed and Other adapted equipment, such as specially designed and adapted wheelchairs, are now available, not only for adapted wheelchairs, are now available, not only for basketball and athletics, but also fishing, hockey, tennis, basketball and athletics, but also fishing, hockey, tennis, rugby, exercise, yoga and dance.rugby, exercise, yoga and dance.

Disability classifications exist for all the activities relating Disability classifications exist for all the activities relating to the particular physical demands of that sport. For to the particular physical demands of that sport. For example, athletics uses a system of letters (T for track and example, athletics uses a system of letters (T for track and F for field) and numbers, which identify the particular F for field) and numbers, which identify the particular disability to make competition fair.disability to make competition fair.

The numbers are as followed:The numbers are as followed:

•11-13 = visual impaired11-13 = visual impaired

•31-38 = cerebral palsy31-38 = cerebral palsy

•41-46 = Amputees41-46 = Amputees

•51-56 = wheelchair athletes51-56 = wheelchair athletes

•40 = Dwarf athletes40 = Dwarf athletes

It is a legal requirement that all facilities cater fir the It is a legal requirement that all facilities cater fir the disabled in the following ways:disabled in the following ways:

•AccessAccess: doors and doorways have to be wide enough to : doors and doorways have to be wide enough to allow wheelchair access and ramps must be provided/allow wheelchair access and ramps must be provided/

•Parking: Parking: disabled bays must be marked and make disabled bays must be marked and make available.available.

•Provision: Provision: lifts must allow access to upper floors, lifts must allow access to upper floors, disabled toilets must be provided, and there should be disabled toilets must be provided, and there should be specific activities, clubs or classes that are particularly specific activities, clubs or classes that are particularly suited to the disabled.suited to the disabled.

Key words:Key words:

•Inclusion:Inclusion: a policy that no one should experience a policy that no one should experience barriers to learning as a result of their disability, barriers to learning as a result of their disability, heritage, gender, special educational needs, ethnicity, heritage, gender, special educational needs, ethnicity, social group, sexual orientation, race or culture.social group, sexual orientation, race or culture.

•Equestrian:Equestrian: related to horseback riding or horseback related to horseback riding or horseback riders.riders.