Peter Amann Papers - Wayne State University

THE PETER H. AMANN COLLECTION

Papers, 1929-1980(Predominantly, 1930-1940)

7.75 linear feet

Accession Number 1229L. C. Number MS

The papers of Peter H. Amann were placed in the Archives of Laborand Urban Affairs in March of 1985 by Mr. Amann himself and wereopened for research in August of 1987.

Peter H. Amann was born in Vienna, Austria on May 31, 1927.After receiving an A.B. from Oberlin College in 1947 and theMasters and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Chicago in 1953and 1958 respectively, Professor Amann was appointed to a teach-ing position in 1968 at the University of Michigan's Dearborn,Michigan campus where he was later awarded a Professorship inHistory. Eighteenth and nineteenth century French history areProfessor Amann's areas of academic concentration with theFrench Revolution of 1848 receiving his particular attention.

The papers of Peter H. Amann reflect his research efforts on theBlack Legion, a vigilante organization which operated principallyin Michigan and Ohio from 1925 through 1936.

Important subjects covered in this collection are:

Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1929-1956LaFollette Civil Liberties Committee, 1936Supreme Court of Michigan, 1937-1939United States Department of Justice, 1935-1954

An index to subjects and correspondents will be found on p. 9.

In addition to this collection the Walter P. Reuther Library ofLabor and Urban Affairs contains the following primary sourceswhich relate to the Black Legion: the Joe Brown Collection, thethe Civil Rights Congress Collection, the Henry Kraus Collec-tion, the Edward Levinson Collection, the Walter P. ReutherCollection, the Maurice Sugar Collection, the UAW ResearchDepartment Collection, and the oral history of Wyndham Mortimer.

Secondary sources concerning the Black Legion include: High-Treason: The Plot Against the People by Albert Eugene Kahn, andThe Black Legion Rides by George Morris.

Peter H. Amann Collection-2-

Contents

14 1/2 manuscript boxes1 file box

Series I, Investigatory Reports, 1923-1980, Boxes 1-5A:Correspondence and reports of federal, state, and local lawenforcement agencies which conducted inquiries into theactivities of the. Black Legion in the mid-western UnitedStates. Files are arranged alphabetically by subject andthen chronologically.

Series II, Black Legion Source Material, 1936-1980, Boxes 6-14:Clippings, correspondence, local histor ies, reports,and undergraduate papers generated by Professor Amann'sresearchon the Black Legion. Files are arranged alphabetically bysubject and then chronologically.

Series III, Oral History Interviews, 1976-1979, Box 15:Transcripts of interviews conducted by Peter Amann and hisstudents.

Non-manuscript material:

Fifty photographs relating to theBlack Legion.


Series IInvestigatory Reports, 1923-1980

Boxes 1-5

Correspondence, and reports of federal, state, and locallaw enforcement agencies which conducted inquiries into theactivities of the Black Legion in the mid-western United States.Files are arranged alphabetically by subject and then chrono-logically.

Box 1

1. Arrest warrant, Aug. 20, 19362. Detroit Police Dept.; correspondence, 1971-1978

3-19. FBI; correspondence, Apr 1929-Oct 1937

Box 2

1-10. FBI; correspondence, Mar 1938-Jul 195611. FBI; correspondence, n.d.

12-20. FBI; reports, 1935-195621-22. LaFollette Committee; corres., index, 1936

Box 3

1. Lima, Ohio; corres., 19362. Lima, Ohio; Black Legion investigation, 19353. Michigan Circuit Court, 19364. Michigan State Police; correspondence, 1971-1979

5-6. Notes, [c. 1935]7-8. Oakland Co. Cir. Ct.; Black Legion report, 1936

9. People v. Albert M. Bacon, et al, 193910. People v. Virgil Effinger, 193911. People v. Clarence Frye, et al, 193812. People v. Hepner, 193813. People v. Pettijohn, 193814. Post Master General; report, 1935

15-26. Supreme Court of Michigan, 1937

Box 4

1-4. Supreme Court of Michigan; appeal, 19385-6. Supreme Court of Michigan; brief, 1939

7-10. Supreme Court of Michigan [c. 1939]11-17. Transcript, 1936


Box 5

1-3. U.S. Army; correspondence, 1935-19804-26. U.S. Dept. of Justice; corres. 1923-1954

27. U.S. Senate Hearing, Jun-Jul 194728. Wayne County [Mich.] Circuit Court, 1934

Box 5A

1-24. Michigan State Police; reports on Black Legion, 1932-


Series IIBlack Legion Source Material, 1936-1980

Boxes 6-13

Clippings, correspondence, local histories, undergraduatepapers, and reports generated by Professor Amann's researchon the Black Legion. Files are arranged alphabetically.

Box 6

1-3. A. C. L. U. Archives; corres., 19364. Biography; Elmer Austin Benson, n. d.5. Biography; William Lloyd Clark, n. d.

6-17. Black Legion articles, [c. 1936-1937]18. Black Legion; bibliographic sources, n. d.

19-20. Black Legion; history, [c. 1930-1939] 21. Black Legion; legal proceedings, [c. 1936] 22. Black Legion; report, [c. 1936]23-28. Black Legion; research papers, 1938-1984

Box 7

1-10. Black Legion; research papers, 1938-198411-12. Black Legion; seminar, syllabus, n. d.

13. Joe Brown Collection; clippings, 1938-193914. Capital Radio Reporter, Jun. 10, 194715. Certificate of Death; Benjamin Allen, Aug 20, 1936

16-30. Civil Rights Cong. Coll.; corres. & notes, 193631-34. Clippings, 1936

Box 8

1-9. Clippings, 1936

Box 9

1-2. Clippings; 1936-19403. Clippings; Aberdeen Evening News, 19364. Clippings; Aberdeen Morning American, 19365. Clippings; Atlanta, Georgia, n.d.6. Clippings; Boston Herald, 19367. Clippings; Chicago Daily Times, 19368. Clippings; Chicago Daily Tribune, 19369. Clippings; Chicago Herald and Examiner, 1936

10-11. Clippings; Cleveland Plain Dealer, 1936-193812-14. Clippings; Daily Worker, 1936-1938

15. Clippings; Dallas, Texas, 1936


16-18. Clippings; Detroit Free Press, 1936-197219-30. Clippings; Detroit News, 1929-1954, index31-35. Clippings; Ecorse, Mich., 1932-193636-37. Clippings; Ecorse Advertiser, 1935, 1937 38. Clippings; Ecorse Tribune, 1935-1937 39. Clippings; Evening News, 1936 40. Clippings; Evening Press, 1936 41. Clippings; Evening Sun, 1937

42. Clippings; Flint Journal, 193643-44. Clippings; The Hartford Times, 193645-47. Clippings; Highland Parker, 1934-1936

48. Clippings; Index to clippings, 1936

Box 10

1-5. Clippings; Index to clippings, 1936-1937 6. Clippings; Indianapolis News, n.d.

7. Clippings; Indianapolis Star, 19368. Clippings; Intelligencer, 19369. Clippings; Lima News, 1932-1955

10-11. Clippings; Lima, Ohio, 1944-1947 12. Clippings; Lincoln Parker, 1936 13. Clippings; Los Angeles Examiner, 1936 14. Clippings; Louisville Herald-Post, 1936 15. Clippings; Melius Newspapers, 1979 16. Clippings; Miami Daily News, 1936 17. Clippings; Minnesota Leader, n.d.18-23. Clippings; misc., 1936, 1938, 1953-1979, & n.d. 24. Clippings; The Monroe County Weekly, n.d. 25. Clippings; Morning Call, 1936 26. Clippings; Morning Ledger, 1936 27. Clippings; New York American, 193728-29. Clippings; New York Daily Mirror, 1936-1937

30. Clippings; New York Daily News, 193731. Clippings; New York Evening Forum, 1936

32-33. Clippings; New York Evening Journal, 1936-193734-35. Clippings; New York Herald Tribune, 1936-193736-37. Clippings; New York Post, 1936-1937

38. Clippings; New York Sun, 193639-41. Clippings; New York Times, 1936, 1947, & n. d.

Box 11

1. Clippings; New York World Herald, 19362. Clippings; New York World-Telegram, 19373. Clippings; Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 19364. Clippings; Pittsburgh Press, n.d.5. Clippings; Pontiac Press, index, 1936-19406. Clippings; The Rail Splitter, [c. 1931]7. Clippings; St, Paul Pioneer Press, n.d.8. Clippings; San Diego Union, 1936


9. Clippings; Seatle, Wash., 193610. Clippings; The State Indicator, 1936

11-16. Clippings; Toledo Blade, 1936-193717. Clippings; Toledo News Bee, 193618. Clippings; St. Paul Dispatch, 1936

19-20. Clippings; Washington Herald, 1936-193721. Clippings; Washington News, 1936

22-25. Clippings; Washington Post, 1936-1937, 194726-28. Clippings; Washington Star, 1936-1937, 194729-30. Clippings; Washington Times, 1936-1937

31. Clippings; Western Worker, 193632. Clippings; Wheeling Intelligencer, 196933. Clippings; Wheeling News Register, 196934. Clippings; Wyandotte News, 1969

Box 12

1. Compiled Laws; Ohio, [c. 1977]2. Conference for the Protection of Civ. Rts.;

bulletins, corres., 19363-5. Correspondence, 1915, 1936, 1944-1948

6-19. Correspondence, 1971-1972, 1975-197920-22. Correspondence, 198023-24. Correspondence; misc., & n.d.

25. Harold Cranfield Collection; corres., 193626. Ecorse, Mich.; city council minutes, 1934

Box 13

1. Nat Ganley Collection; The Worker, 19482-3. Guide; Michigan, Ohio, 1940

4. Guide; Research in the History of Toledo, Ohio, 19775. Hepner's Case, schematic history of, 1936-1938

6-8. Highland Park, Mich.; demographics, reports, andtimetable, 1933-1934

9. History of Allen County, Ohio, 197610. History of Bellaire, Ohio, n. d.11. History of Belmont County, Ohio, 197612. Interview; Willis Brewer, n. d.13. Kemnitz-Akens Collection; Klu Klux Klan history, 193614. Klu Klux Klan; article, 193715. Henry Kraus Collection; Black Legion writings on,

193616. Edward Levinson Collection; Statement on the Black

Legion, 194417. Lima, Ohio; The Book of Lima, n.d.18. Lima, Ohio; Black Legion activities, n. d.194719. Lima, Ohio; Release of Estate, 195620. Lima, Ohio; guide, n. d.21. Map of Detroit, Mich., n. d.22. Masters Thesis, 1936


Box 13

23-31. Notes, 1936-198032. Oral history list, n. d.33. Pontiac State Hospital; correspondence, 193634. Project on Nat. Sec. and Civil Liberties;

corres. , 19 7935. Senate Journal, Ohio, 1935-193636. Statistical table, 1930

37-38. Maurice Sugar Collection; corres., 1935-193739. UAW; correspondence, 193640. U.S. Census reports, 1790-196041. Wilson's case; schematic history of, 1936

Box 14Periodical Index to Black Legion articles

Box 15

1. Ruth Day, 19762. Al DuHadaway, 1978

3-4. Alfred Farrell, 19785. Miles Knowles, 19796. Dremon McDermott, 19787. William Melius, 19788. Harry Meredith, 19799. Jimmy Mountain, 197910. "Ernie" Navarre, 197911. E. J. Penhorwood, 197912. Loren Preeter, 197813. George Scheid, 1979


Index to Subjects and Correspondence(correspondence is indicated by an asterisk)

Akron, Ohio, 5:15*Allen, Benjamin, 2:5-7, 2:18-21, 5:3, 6:1, 7:15, 11:12,

12:25Allen County, Ohio, 2:13, 13:9, 13:20Allen Park, Michigan, 7:7Allen, Ray, 4:15, 11:11-14, 13:38Alpha and Omega Club, 3:7-8Amalgamated Lodge, 7:25American Civil Liberties Union, 6:1-3, 12:4, 12:6, 12:8American Federation of Labor Rank and File, Committee in the

Auto Industry, 13:15American Jewish Archives, 12:6American Labor Party, 2:20American Legion, 13:38American League Against War and Fascism, 4:11-14, 5:1, 5:12,

5:16, 12:8American League Against War and Fascism, Toledo Central

Council, 11:12, 11:14American Peace Mobilization, 2:5, 2:18American Youth Congress, 7:30*Amann, Peter H., 1:2, 3:4, 5:1-3, 6:25, 7:8, 12:6-23Armed Guards, 2:13, 5:5Army and Navy Club of Detroit, Michigan, 5:12, 13:38Associated Automobile Workers of America, 13:15Automobile Labor Board, 13:38Automobile Manufacturers Association, 12:25Auxiliaries, 4:6Bacon, Albert M., 1:1, 3:9-10, 5:28, 6:19, 6:24, 13:15,

13:38*Baker, Charles, 1:1-2, 3:9-10, 5:28, 6:22, 10:18-19Bannerman, J. H., 7:27, 13:38*Bannerman, John, 2:2-3, 2:19, 3:7-8, 3:13, 3-23, 3:25-6,

4:8, 13:37Belmont County, Ohio, 13:11Bellaire, Ohio, 2:13, 5:5, 6:26, 10:8, 11:32-33, 12:15,

12:17, 13:10-11Benares League, 4:12, 4:14Bennett, Harry, 13:1Benson-Dickstien Resolution, 6:3Benson, Elmer, 6:3-4, 10:17, 12:7, 12:13Berning, Ray, 4:13-15, 11:11-14Bethlehem Steel Company, 13:16Bibliographic Sources, 6:18, 7:11-12*Bicknell, Dr. N. J., 1:7, 1:9, 5:7*Bielak, John L., 3:4, 7:2, 7:13, 7:21, 7:25, 11:11, 13:38Bishop, Matthew, 3:15, 3:17, 3:20, 7:2, 10:18-20Black Brigade, 10:8Black Guard, 12:17



Black Knights, 2:13, 3:4, 3:7-8, 3:22, 4:2-3, 5:1, 5:5,12:13, 12:15, 12:17

Black Legion; articles, 6:6-17Black Legion; bibliographic sources, 6:18Black Legion; history, 6:19Black Legion; legal proceedings, 6:21Black Legion; report on, 6:22Black Legion; research papers, 6:23-8, 7:1-10Black Legion; seminar, 7:11-12*Black, Leslie J., 1:1, 3:9-10, 4:9-10, 5:1, 5:28, 6:19,

6:22, 13:5, 13:15Black Nights, 3:17Black Shirts, 4:2-3, 4:6, 13:33Blacks, 12:17Bnai Brith Anti-Defamation League, 12:6Bollens, Reverend J. H., 7:23, 7:26, 13:38Bowling Green, Ohio, 4:15-17, 5:5, 11:13-14, 13:38*Brand, Herbert, 1:1-2, 3:9-10, 5:28, 6:19, 7:2, 7:4,

7:13, 9:46, 10:19Brown, Arthur, 4:15, 4:17, 6:22, 13:38,Brown, Clarence, 4:12, 4:14, 4:17, 11:16Bucktails, 10:8, 12:14*Bullard, Perry, 12:14Bullet Club, 1:8, 1:10, 1:13, 1:16-17, 2:13, 2:16, 3:4,

3:7-8, 3:15, 3:19-20, 4:2, 4:6, 5:1, 5:5, 10:18-19,11:12, 12:13-15, 13:33, 13:37-38

*Cahalan, William L., 12:6Calvert, Floyd, 3:7-8, 4:2, 4:4, 4:6Camp Liberty, 7:24Capital Radio Reporter, 7:14Cavaliers, 4:4Central Labor Union, 2:20, 4:13Certificate of Death; Allen, Benjamin, 7:15Century Club, 3:4Charlotte, Michigan, 5:24*Chenot, James E., 1:1-2, 3:8, 11:11, 12:6Chicago, Illinois, 1:8, 2:18, 5:8, 9:7-9Chicago Civil Liberties Union, 5:11Chicago Herald Examiner, 1:8Chrysler Corporation, 13:37Chrysler Jefferson Avenue Plant, 13:15Chrysler Motor Car Corporation, 13:15Chrysler Motor Car Corporation, Dodge Truck Division,

13: 15Chrysler Motor Car Corporation, Plant Protection Service,

13:15Cincinnati, Ohio, 1:11, 2:2, 2:9, 2:13Citizens Committee on Public Relations, 12:25



*Civiletti, Benjamin R., 12:13Civil Liberties Committee, 2:20Civil Rights Congress Collection, 7:16-30, 12:4Clark, Alvis, 3:7-8, 3:17, 4:7, 4:9, 6:22, 6:24, 7:4, 13:37Cleveland Citizen, 12:9Cleveland Plain Dealer, 1:8Cleveland, Ohio, 1:16-18, 2:3, 2:13, 2:15-16, 5:12, 5:18

9:10-11Clippings; 1929-1940, 9-11*Cohn, Avern, 1:2Cole, Ben, 3:9, 3:15, 3:17-20, 4:7, 7:4, 10:19-20Cole, Charles, 3:7-8, 6:22, 7:26, 13:15*Coleman, Earl, 12:8, 12:19*Coleman, George, 12:12-13Coleman, Silas, 6:22, 7:2, 7:13Columbus, Ohio, 2:15-16,Common Council of the City of Detroit, [Michigan], 6:2Communist Party, 3:8, 7:13, 7:23-24, 13:15Communist Party, Michigan State Committee, 13:1Communist Party of the U.S.A., 13:38*Copemish, Michigan, 5:24-5Compiled Laws; Ohio, 12:1Conference for the Protection of Civil Rights, 5:18, 6:3,

12:2, 13:38,Constitutional Protective League, 1:6Conyers, John, 13:7♦Corporation Auxiliaries Company, 12:15*Corsetti George L., 12:15, 12:18, 12:21Correspondence, 1:2-9, 2:1-21, 3:1-4, 5:1-26, 12:3-24

13:33-34Coughlin, Father, 6:2, 13:38Coughlin, Charles E., 11:11, 13:1Couzens, Frank, 6:3Couzens, James, 6:22, 13:15*Cranefield, Harold, 2:21, 12:25*Crockett, George, 12:8*Crowley, Dave, 3:7, 7:26, 11:11, 12:4, 12:7, 13:15, 13:38Crusaders, 13:38*Cummings, Homer, 1:8, 5:7-9, 5:11-13, 5:15, 5:17-19

12:4, 12:7Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, 2:17Daily Worker, 12:4, 13:37Daily World, 12:13Dallas, Texas, 2:19, 9:15Daring Detective, 6:6Davis, Al, 3:18, 6:19, 6:24, 7:2, 10:20, 11:14


Index to Subjects and Correspondence(correspondence indicated by an asterisk)

*Davis, Harvey, 1:1-2, 2:19, 3:4, 3:7-10, 3:13, 3:23-264:8, 5:28, 6:22, 6:25, 7:8, 11:13, 12:25, 13:37

Dayton, Ohio, 3:8*Dean, Dayton, 2:1, 2:19, 3:7-8, 3:10, 3:13-15, 3:17, 3:19,

3:23-24, 3:26, 4:1, 4:7-10, 4:15, 6:19, 6:22, 6:24-5,7:2, 7:4, 7:7-8, 7:13, 7:18, 7:21, 10:19-20, 11:11-12,12:21, 13:15, 13:38

Dear, Art, 4:12, 4:17, 11:13Dear, Buck, 4:12-17,Dear, L. G., 4:15Dear, Lyman, 4:11, 11:12-13, 12:4,Dearborn, Michigan, 1:6-7*Department of the Army, 12:15*Department of Justice, 1:4*Department of Mental Health, 12:4*Department of the Treasury, U. S. Secret Service, 12:13Detroit Free Press, 4:3, 13:37Detroit News, 4:3, 6:24, 9:23-30Detroit, Michigan, 1:6, 1:10-11, 1:14, 2:1-3, 2:7-8, 2:13,

2:18, 3:3, 3:10, 3:13, 3:17, 4:7, 5:7, 5:9-10, 5:12,5:15, 5:17, 5:23-4, 5:28, 6:2, 7:2, 7:28, 9:16,9:18-20, 11:13, 12:6, 12:25, 13:15, 13:21, 13:38

Detroit Common Pleas Court, 3:10*Detroit Police Department, 1:2, 4:10, 6:2, 7:24, 7:30,

10:19-20, 12:15*DeVries, Walter, 3:4, 12:6Dickenson, M. Wesson, 6:22, 13:158Dickstein, Samuel, 1:7, 1:9, 12:7Dover, Ohio, 3:24Dowling, William E., 3:25-26, 4:1, 7:8, 13:37Dudderar, Lamar, 4:13-14, 11:12-14Dunkel-Baldwin Bill, 13:38Ecorse Advertiser, 9:36-37Ecorse City Council Minutes, 12:26Ecorse, Michigan, 3:13, 3:24, 7:5, 7:7-9, 7:13, 9:31-38,

10:35, 12:26, 13:15Ecorse Tribune, 9:38Effinger, Guy, 2:12, 12:17Effinger, Virgil [Bert], 1:1-2, 1:5, 1:14, 2:1, 2:12-13,

2:15-17, 2:19, 3:1, 3:4, 3:7-10, 3:17-18, 4:11-12,4:14, 4:16, 5:5, 5:28, 6:17, 6:19, 6:22, 6:25, 7:1-2,7:13, 11:11-12, 11:14, 12:6, 12:13, 12:15, 13:15,13:15, 13:19, 13:38

Electrical Workers' Temple, 7:29Employees Association of Detroit, 12:25*Ernest, Ray C, 1:8, 2:16, 6:22, 6:25, 7:13, 12:13Evening News, 9:39Evening Press, 9:40Evening Sun, 9:41



Fort Wayne, Indiana, 5:6*Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1:3-19, 2:1-20Farmer-Labor Party, 6:8, 7:21, 13:38Farmington, Michigan, 13:37-8Farmington Township, Michigan, 3:8Federal Labor Union #18536, 13:15Ferndale [Michigan] Police Department, 3:8The Fight, 6:9, 12:8Findlater Temple, 13:15, 13:37Fire and Police Trial Board, 3:8*Fitzgerald, Frank, 2:2, 6:22, 11:11, 12:7, 13:158Fitzgerald, Vincent L., 2:16, 7:13, 12:6Flint Journal, 1:7, 9:42Flint, Michigan, 1:7, 5:20, 9:42, 10:18, 12:25, 13:15Foot Legion, 2:13, 5:5Ford Motor Company, 7:13, 12:25, 13:37Forgotten Men's Club, 3:19, 4:13-14Fortin, Leo, 3:8, 13:37-8Forty and Over Club, 3:18-19Foster, Frank, 1:1, 3:9-10, 3:17, 5:28, 6:19, 7:2*Foster, Willard, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9, 5:1, 6:19, 6:24, 7:2, 9:46Frankensteen, Richard, 12:25Fredericks, August, 4:14, 4:17, 11:11, 11:14, 13:38*Fredericks, Harold, 1:1-2, 3:9-10, 5:28, 7:2, 7:4, 9:46,

10:19Freedom of Information Act, 12:16*Frye, Clarence, 1:1-2, 3:7-11, 3:15, 3:18, 4:7, 4:9, 5:28,

6:22, 6:24, 7:4, 13:15General Motors Corporation, 12:25, 13:37-8, 7:13,

13:15-6*Godwin, John, 1:1-3, 3:9-10, 3:15, 3:17, 4:1, 4:7, 5:1,

5:28, 6:19, 6:24, 7:2, 7:4, 9:46, 10:19-20The Guardian, 10:22*Gulley, Fred, 2:1, 3:13, 4:8, 7:7-8Gunn, Mathias, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9-10, 6:24, 7:4, 13:5Guthrie, William, 1:1, 3:9:10, 5:28, 6:19, 6:22, 11:12,

13:37Hackett, Joseph M., 3:15, 3:17, 3:18-19, 4:7, 7:4, 9:46,

9:46, 10:18-19*Hardin, Walter, 2:21, 3:8, 13:37The Hartford Times, 9:43*Hartrick, George, 3:8, 4:2, 4:6, 12:6*Hasselbach, Roland G., 4:1, 4:7, 4:9, 5:1, 6:19, 6:24,

9:46, 10:19*Heiss, H. C, 1:13, 2:13, 5:18, 5:20, 5:25*Hepner, Roy, 1:1-2, 1:5, 3:4, 3:7-10, 3:17-18, 4:1, 4:7,

4:9, 5:1, 5:5, 5:28, 6:19, 6:22, 6:24, 7:4, 13:5, 13:15,13:37



Highland Park, Michigan, 3:12, 3:15, 3:19, 4:1, 4:7, 4:10,6:24, 7:2, 7:4, 7:6, 7:10, 7:22, 9:45-7, 10:19, 10:23,11:14, 13:5-7, 13:15

Highland Park Republican Club, 3:19The Highland Parker, 4:1, 4:9, 6:24, 7:4, 9:45-7Hill, Charles, 4:11, 4:13-14, 4:16, 11:12History of Allen County, Ohio, 13:9History of Bellaire, Ohio, 13:10History of Belmont County, Ohio, 13:11*Hoover, J. Edgar, 1:4-5, 1:7-13, 1:15-19, 2:2-8, 2:12-14,

2:17-19, 3:1, 5:3, 5:5, 5:20-21, 5:23, 7:2, 12:6*Howard, Frank, 1:1, 3:9-10, 3:15-17, 4:7, 4:9-10, 5:1, 5:28,

6:19, 6-22, 6:24, 7:2, 7:4, 9:46, 13:5,Howard, John, 3:7-8, 4:16-17, 11:14Hudson Motor Car Company, 13:15Illinois, 1:8, 1:15, 2:18, 5:7-8, 5:11, 5:23, 9:79, 11:6,

11:6, 12:3, 12:15Indiana, 1:8, 1:15, 1:19, 5:5-7, 5:11, 10:6-7, 12:7, 12:15,

13:38Indianapolis, Indiana, 1:8, 1:15, 1:19, 10:6-7Indianapolis News, 10:6Indianapolis Star, 10:7Indianapolis Times, 1:8Inside Detective, 6:6Intelligencer, 10:8International Labor Defense, 5:14-15, 12:4Iron Guard, 3:4, 3:7-8, 12:13, 12:15Iron Squad, 11:13Jackson, Michigan, 2:16, 7:28, 12:6, 12:13, 13:15, 13:37James, Hubert, 4:7, 4:9, 5:1, 6:24, 7:24, 13:5Jameson, Albert, 3:15, 3:18-19, 6:19, 7:4, 10:18-20Jayne, Ira W., 3:9-10, 3:15, 5:28Jones, Arlington, 3:15, 3:19-20, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9, 6:24, 7:4,

10:18-20Junior Order of American Mechanics, 4:13-15Justice Club, 4:17*Keller, William, 1:1-2, 3:9-10, 3:16, 4:1, 5:1, 5:28, 6:19,

6:22, 6:24, 7:2, 7:4, 9:46, 10:19-20Kentucky, 1:18-19, 5:23, 6:27, 10:14Kingsley, Arthur, 3:9, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9-10, 5:1, 6:22, 6:24-25,

7:4, 10:18-19,Ku Klux Klan, 1:8, 1:10-12, 2:7-8, 2:13, 3:7-8, 3:16, 3:18,

4:3, 4:11-13, 4:15-17, 5:9, 5:12, 5:24, 7:2, 7:13, 10:8,10:18, 10:41, 11:11-13, 12:4, 12:13, 12:17-19, 13:13,13:38

Knight Riders, 3:4, 12:14-15Knights of Dearborn, 13:38Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, 3:8Knights of Pythias, 3:19, 6 : 2 7



Knowles, Miles, 3:18, 6:19, 6:24, 7:2, 10:20, 11:14LaFollette Civl Liberties Committee, 2:18, 2:20-22, 6:9,

7:29, 12:8, 12:16, 13:16, 13:38*LaFollette, Robert M. Jr., 2:21, 12:8Lane, W. Raymond, 3:15, 3:17-19, 6:24, 10:18Langendorf, Arthur, 4:15, 11:11-12Lansing, Michigan, 5:19Lapeer County, Michigan, 3:22League Against War and Fascism, 12:13Lee, Ervin, 2:19, 3:13, 3:23-6, 4:8, 7:8, 7:27, 13:37-8Lee, Irwin, 3:7-8, 7:19Legion 3:18, 12:14Legion of Action, 11:14, 13:38Legion of America, 11:12*Lehr, John C, 5:18-20Lenawee County, Michigan, 2:19*Lesinski, John, 1:8-9, 12:7Liberty Ball, 7:30Liberty League, 1:11Lima [Ohio] News, 3:1, 10:9-10, 11:11-14Lima, Ohio, 1:8, 2:13, 2:16, 3:1-2, 3:14, 4:15-16, 5:1, 5:5,

7:13, 10:9-11, 10:20, 12:5-6, 12:13, 13:15, 13:17-20,13:22, 13:25, 13:38

Lincoln Park, Michigan, 7:7, 7:13, 10:12Lincoln Parker, 10:12Lone Star Patrol Agency, 4:13Long, Joseph A., 3:7-8, 6:22, 7:26, 13:15Los Angeles, California, 1:10-11, 1:13, 1:18, 5:17, 5:19,

10:13Los Angeles Examiner, 10:13Lousiville Herald-Post, 10:14Louisville, Kentucky, 10:14Lucas County, Ohio, 11:11-12Lupp, Arthur, 1:1, 3:7-10, 3:18, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9, 5:28, 6:13,

6:19, 6:22, 6:24-25, 7:2, 7:4, 11:11-12, 12:6, 12:1313:14-15, 13:37-8

*McCrea, Duncan, 1:2, 2:2, 2:13, 3:13, 3:25-26, 4:1, 4:9,5:7, 6:22, 6:24-25, 7:4, 7:21, 7:23, 10:18, 11:11-12,12:6, 12:25, 13:15, 13:38

Malteka Club, 3:4, 3:15, 3:18-20, 4:9-10, 10:18, 12:15Mantle Club, 5:19Mapley, Sherry, 3:7-8, 4:4-5, 7:13, 7:18Marchuk, George, 3:4, 6:25, 7:2, 7:21, 7:25, 9:16, 13:38Markland, Clyde, 3:16, 6:22, 7:4, 13:15*Markland, N. Ray, 1:1-2, 3:9-10, 3:16-19, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9,

5:28, 6:19, 6:22, 6:24, 6:25, 7:4, 13:5, 13:38Martin, Homer, 5:8, 5:10, 13:39Mary Ann Club, 4:3:4Maumee, Ohio, 11:13



Maysville, Kentucky, 6:27Melius Newspapers, 10:15, 10:18Melody, Dr. William P., 4:1, 4:7, 4:10Melvindale, Michigan, 7:7, 10:18Miami Daily News, 10:16Michigan, 1:6-7, 1:10-11, 1:14, 2:1-4, 2:7-9, 2:13, 2:16

2:18-19, 3:7-8, 3:10, 3:13, 3:17, 3:19, 3:22, 3:24,4:1-7, 4:9-10, 4:15-18, 5:9-12, 5:15, 5:175:19-20, 5:23-25, 5:28, 6:2, 6:24, 7:2, 7:4-10, 7:13,7:18-19, 7:26, 7:28, 9:4-2, 9:18-38, 10:12, 10:18,10:24, 10:35, 11:5, 11:13-14, 11:32, 11:34, 12:6, 12:13,12:25-26, 13:2, 13:5, 13:12, 13:15, 13:21, 13:24, 13:33,13:37-8

Michigan Civil Rights Congress, 13:1The Michigan Daily, 13:38Michigan Freedom of Information Act, 12:14, 12:19Michigan Law Enforcement League, 13:37Michigan Protectors Association, 13:37Michigan State Police, 3:4Michigan Supreme Court, 3:15-26, 4:1-3, 4:5-10, 12:6, 12:8,

12:15, 12:18Milford Township, Michigan, 3:8Milford, Michigan, 7:19Milford Proving Grounds, 3:8Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 5:18Miller, Clarence C, 3:10, 7:19, 11:11, 11:13Minnesota Leader, 10:17, 12:13Modern Pioneers of America, 4:13-14, 4:17, 13:38Molner, Arthur, 4:7, 4:9, 7:4Morning Ledger, 10:26The Monroe County Weekly, 10:25Monroe, Michigan, 10:24, 13:37Moore, Arthur F., 6:22, 13:15, 13:37-38*Moritz, John A., 1:14, 2:13, 11:12Morning Call, 10:25Morrow, Virgil, 2:2-3, 3:3, 11:12Moultrievillle, Ohio, 3:24Mount Clemens, Michigan, 2:16, 7:13Muncie, Indiana, 1:15, 13:38Muskegon, Illinois, 5:11Napolean, Michigan, 2:16Napolean, Ohio, 7:13Nation Legion, 5:24National Federation for Constitutional Liberties, 2:4-6,

2:18-19National Negro Congress, 5:9National Police Officer, 6:10New Masses, 12:8New Philadephia, Ohio, 1:7



New Republic, 2:18New York American, 10:27New York Daily Mirror, 10:28-29New York Daily News, 10:30New York Evening Forum, 10:31New York Evening Journal, 10:32-3New York Herald Tribune, 10:34-5New York, New York, 2:18-19, 5:14, 10:27-36, 10:37-41,

11:1-2New York, 1:11, 2:19, 5:7, 5:9, 5:14New York Post, 10:36-7New York Sun, 10:38New York Times, 10:39-41New York World-Herald, 11:1New York World-Telegram, 11:2Night Riders, 1:3, 1:13, 1:16-17, 2:8, 2:13, 2:16, 3:4,

3:7-8, 3:15, 3:18-20, 4:2-3, 4:5-6, 4:16, 5:1, 7:2,7:4, 10:18-19, 12:13-15, 12:17, 13:33

Night Riders of America, 11:11Night Riders of Ohio, 1:11North Carolina, 1:7, 1:11, 1:18Norvell, Michigan, 7:13Oakland County, Michigan, 1:6, 3:8, 4:3-4, 7:26, 13:37Oakland County, [Michigan] Circuit Court, 3:8, 4:2Oakland County, [Michigan] Circuit Court Report on the Black

Legion, 3:7*Oakland County, Michigan, Office of the Prosecuting

Attorney, 12:6Oakland Searchlight Club, 4:4Official Detective, 6:11Ohio, 1:7-8, 1:11, 1:16-18, 2:2-4, 2:9, 2:13, 2:15-17,

3:1-2, 3:8, 3:14, 3:24, 4:11-13, 4:15-17, 5:1, 5:55:9-12, 5:15, 5:18, 6:1, 6:26, 7:13, 7:28, 9:10-11,10:8-11, 10:20, 11:10-17, 11:32-33, 11:38, 12:1,12:4-7, 12:13-15, 12:17, 13:3-4, 13:9-11, 13:15,13:17-20, 13:22, 13:35, 13:38

Ohio Farm League, 5:9Ohio Historical Society, 12:14Ohio National Guard, 11:13Ohio State Police, 12:15Ohio Supreme Court, 12:13-14Ohio Vigilante Society, 12:17Ohio Worker's Alliance, 4:13Ortonville, Michigan, 12:25Our Sunday Visitor, 12:19Oxford, Michigan, 3:8, 4:3-4Packard Motor Car Company, 4:10, 13:15, 13:37Parker, Orlando James, 7:17-18, 7:22Patriotic Club of America, 12:14



Patriotic Legion of America, 2:15-16, 3:4, 7:13, 12:13,12:15,

Pekin, Illinois, 5:7, 5:11Penlan, Robert, 6:22, 7:7, 7:13Pennsylvania, 1:9, 2:5-6, 2:8, 5:10, 10:8, 11:3-4, 11:32-33,Pennsylvania Bucktails, 1:9Pennsylvania State Police, 12:15People v. Albert Bacon et. al, 3:9People v. Virgil Effinger, 1:1, 3:10People v. Clarence Frye et. al., 3:11People v. Hepner, 3:12, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9-10People v. Pettijohn, 3:13, 3:23-25, 4:8,People v. Saint John, 3:21-22People's Press. 4:13Pettijohn, Jesse, 3:13, 3:23, 4:7-8, 7:7-8, 9:16, 13:37-8Philadephia Evening Bulletin, 11:13Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 2:5-6, 2:8, 11:3*Phillips, Albert, 1:13, 1:17-19, 2:13, 5:20Pickert, Heinrich A., 1:2, 6:2, 7:21, 13:1, 13:15, 13:38*Pidcock, Roy V., 3:4, 6:22, 7:2, 7:13, 12:18*Pierce, Walter, 2:1, 3:7-8, 4:1, 4:4, 4:9, 5:1, 6:24-25,

7:4, 7:18, 13:5, 13:15Pinkerton's Incorporated, 12:14*Pitcock, Roy, 2:1-3Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 11:4Pittsburgh Press, 11:4Plymouth Motor Car Company, 13:37Police and Fire Trial Board of the City of Pontiac, Michigan,

4:2, 4:4, 4:6Pontiac Daily Press, 13:24Pontiac, Michigan, 1:6, 3:8, 4:3, 4:5-6, 4:9-10, 4:15-17,

7:13, 7:18-19, 7:28, 11:5, 11:13-14, 13:12, 13:24, 13:33,13:37-38

Pontiac Motor Car Company, 4:10Pontiac [Michigan] Police Department, 3:8, 4:2, 4:6, 4:10,

5:1Pontiac Press, 11:5Pontiac [Michigan] State Hospital, 3:8, 7:26, 13:13, 13:15Poole, Charles, 1:7, 3:7, 2:1, 2:19, 3:8, 6:22, 6:24-5, 7:2,

7:7, 7:13, 7:21, 10:19, 11:11-12, 12:20, 13:15, 13:38Port Huron, Michigan, 2:8, 4:2, 4:10, 5:20Portland, Oregon, 1:11Postmaster General; report, 3:14Project on National Security and Civil Liberties, 13:34The Rail Splitter, 7:4, 11:6, 12:20Ray, Willard, 4:15, 4:17, 11:13Ray, William, 1:1-2, 3:9-10, 5:28, 6:19, 7:2, 7:4, 7:13Real Detective, 6:12Recorder's Court, Detroit, Michigan, 4:9-10



Red Circle of the Black Legion, 11:13-14Red Legs, 10:8*Reinecke, H. H., 1:7-8, 2:13Reuther Library, 12:19Reuther, Walter P., 13:16Revolutionary Workers League of the U. S., 7:13*Rice, Frank, 3:7-8, 4:1, 4:9-10, 4:12, 5:1, 6:22, 6:24,

7:18-19, 13:5, 13:15*Rickard, Bert, 2:21, 4:13-15, 11:12-13Robinson, Wilber, 1:1, 3:7-10, 3:17, 5:28, 6:19, 6:24, 7:7,

13:15, 13:37Rock Island County [Illinois] Historical Society, 12:19Rock Island, Illinois, 12:3Roe, Charles, 4:13-14, 11:12-13Roe, Vic, 4:11-12, 4:14-16, 11:12-14Romeo, Michigan, 3:19Roosevelt, Franklin D., 5:7-9, 5:11, 5:14, 5:17, 5:19, 5:24,

6:3, 10:18Roosevelt, Eleanor, 5:22Roughley, Alfred, 3:4, 7:2, 11:11Royal Oak, Michigan, 3:8, 7:19Saint Clairsville, Ohio, 1:3, 12:15Saint Paul Dispatch, 11:18Saint Paul, Minnesota, 11:18Saint Paul Pioneer Press, 11:7San Diego Union, 11:8Sandusky, Ohio, 2:13Schneider, Albert, 4:1, 4:9-10, 5:1, 6:24, 7:4, 7:19, 13:5,

13:37-38Searchlight Club, 3:7-8, 4:2, 4:4Second Northwest Conference Against War and Fascism, 5:11Sentinals of the Republic, 13:16Shea, Quinlan J. Jr., 12:13, 12:19Shepard, William Jacob "Doc" M. D., 1:5, 6:25, 7:13, 9:16,

10:20, 11:11, 11:32-33, 12:17Shinaberry, Ellsworth, 1:2, 1:5, 3:4, 3:7-10, 5:28, 6:19,

6:22Sidney, Ohio, 2:13Silver Shirts, 4:12Smith, Gordon Willis, 3:7-10, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9, 6:22, 7:2,

7:4, 13:15Socialist Party, 13:15Soldier, Kentucky, 1:18-19, 5:23South Carolina, 6:1Southgate, Michigan, 7:7Sparling, Elwood, 3:17, 3:19-20, 6:19, 7:2, 7:4, 10:18-20Starr, Raymond, 3:9-10, 3:13, 3:26, 4:1, 4:8, 12:7State Highway Patrol, Ohio, 12:15The State Indicator, 11:10



State of Michigan, Department of the Attorney General, 12:6State of Michigan, Department of Corrections, 12:21Stonehouse, Harvey Elmer, 3:15, 3:17, 3:19-20, 6:24, 7:4,

10:18-20Stoner, William, 4:15, 4:17, 11:13Staight Republican Club, 3:18Sugar, Maurice, 6:1, 6:3, 7:21, 7:23, 12:8, 12:15, 13:37-38Swanton, Ohio, 5:9Taylor, Michigan, 7:7*Taylor, Ward, 1:5, 2:13, 11:11Terre Haute, Indiana, 5:11Texas, 2:15-16, 2:19, 9:15Third Judicial Circuit Court of Michigan, 3:3Tiffin, Ohio, 2:4Toledo Benares League, 4:11Toledo Blade, 11:11-16, 12:7Toledo Central Labor Union, 11:11Toledo City Journal, 12:7Toledo News-Bee, 12:7Toledo Newspaper Guild, 11:11Toledo, Ohio, 1:16, 1:18, 2:16, 4:11-13, 4:15-16, 7:28,

11:11-17, 12:4, 12:6-7, 12:13, 13:4, 13:38Toledo Police Department, 4:15-17Town Talk, 7:4Trade Union Unity League, 7:13Troy, Ohio, 11:10True Detective, 6:13, 12:19Tuscon Daily Citizen, 10:22Twenty and Club, 3:7, 4:2-4, 4:6Twenty and Eight Club, 3:7-8United Automobile Workers, 5:8, 5:10-11, 5:13, 7:13, 13:39United Automobile Workers, Motor Products Local, 13:38United Brotherhood of America, 3:4, 12:13-15United Sons of America, 2:7United States Army, 5:1-3United States Attorney General, 12:6United States Assistant Attorney General, 3:8United States Census Reports, 13:40United States Department of Justice, 2:13, 5:4-5, 5:8-26,

12:7-8, 12:16, 12:19, 13:15United States Department of the Treasury, 1:19United States Department of the Treasury, Internal Revenue

Service, 12:6United States Department of the Treasury, United States

Secret Service, 12:16United States House of Representatives, 1:8-9, 5:13United States Postal Service, 12:16United States Senate, 1:11



United States Senate, Committee on Education and Labor,2:21, 13:16

United States Senate, Hearing, 5:27Unknown Legion, 3:7, 4:2, 4:4Vassar, Michigan, 3:17, 4:9Vigilante Committee, 4:12, 4:14-15Vigilantes, 4:4Vincent, Herman, 3:7-8, 7:26*Vincent, John, 2:1, 13:37-38Violence Committee, 4:14-15Voisine, William, 3:13, 3:23-26, 4:8, 6:22, 6:25, 7:7,

7:7-8, 7:10, 7:13, 9:16, 12:7Wapakoneta, Ohio, 2:13Washington, D. C, 2:19, 11:19-30, 12:6Washington Committee for Democratic Action, 2:5, 2:18Washington, Michigan, 3:17Washington Herald, 11:19-20Washington News, 11:21Washington Post, 11:22-25Washington Star, 11:26-28Washington Times, 10:15, 11:29-30Wayne, Michigan, 3:24Wayne County Democrat, 13:15Wayne County, Michigan, 2:9, 3:8, 5:28, 12:6, 13:15, 13:38Wayne County, Michigan Circuit Court,1:1, 3:9, 5:28Wayne County, Michigan Office of the Circuit Court, 12:6Western Worker, 11:31Wellman, Rudyard, 1:1, 3:9-10, 4:1, 4:7, 4:9-10, 5:1, 5:28,

6:19, 6:24, 13:5Wheeling News Register, 11:33The Wheeling Intelligencer, 11:32Wheeling, Pennsylvania, 10:8, 11:32-33White, Isaac "Peg-leg," 1:1, 1:5, 2:13, 3:7-10, 3:17, 4:14,

4:17, 5:28, 6:19, 7:2, 11:12-13, 12:13, 12:15, 13:15White Legion, 5:9Whitehouse, Ohio, 11:13William Jennings Bryan Council, 4:13Wilson, R. Stanley, 3:15, 3:17-20, 6:22, 6:24, 7:2, 7:4,

10:18, 12:20Wilson, Stanley, v. Council of the City of Highland Park,

Michigan, 3:15-20Wirtschafter, Dr. Z. T., 1:13, 1:17-19, 2:13, 5:20Wolverine Political Club, 3:26Wolverine Political League, 3:25Wolverine Republican Club, 3:4, 3:18, 3:25, 5:1, 6:24, 7:21,

7:27, 12:14-15, 13:1, 13:15, 13:37-38Wooster , Ohio, 1:7The Worker, 13:1Workers' Alliance, 4:12-14, 11:13



Workers' Educational Association, 3:8, 13:37-38Wyandotte, Michigan, 2:1-2, 2:7, 3:24, 7:7, 11:32, 11:34Wyandotte News, 11:32, 11:34Wyandotte Police Department, 12:18X-9, 3:4York County Farmer Labor Party, 5:9Young, Coleman A., 1:2Young Communist League, 7:13Zanesville, Ohio, 1:10Zink, Martin, 3:9, 3:15-19, 4:1, 4:10, 5:1, 6:22, 7:2,

7:4, 9:46, 10:19-20, 11:14

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Peter Amann Papers - Wayne State University

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