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Petroleum Engineering 406

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Petroleum Engineering 406. Lesson 2 Well Control. Read. Well Control Manual Chapter 4-6 Homework 1 Due Jan. 1/28/04. Causes of Kicks - Tripping. Failure to keep the hole full. Causes of Kicks - Tripping. Swabbing. Causes of Kicks. Lost circulation. Causes of Kicks - Drilling. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Petroleum Engineering 406 Lesson 2 Well Control
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Page 1: Petroleum Engineering 406

Petroleum Engineering 406

Lesson 2

Well Control

Page 2: Petroleum Engineering 406

Read

• Well Control Manual– Chapter 4-6

• Homework 1 Due Jan. 1/28/04

Page 3: Petroleum Engineering 406

Causes of Kicks - Tripping

• Failure to keep the hole full

Page 4: Petroleum Engineering 406

Causes of Kicks - Tripping

• Swabbing

Page 5: Petroleum Engineering 406

Causes of Kicks

• Lost circulation

Page 6: Petroleum Engineering 406

Causes of Kicks - Drilling

• Insufficient density of drilling fluid

• Drilling into Abnormal pressure

Page 7: Petroleum Engineering 406

Causes of Kicks - Other

• Annular flow after cement job

• Lost control during DST

• Drilling into adjacent wells

• Drilling through (shallow) gas zones at excessive rates

Page 8: Petroleum Engineering 406

Kick Warnings - Drilling

• Drilling break

• Increase in flow rate

Page 9: Petroleum Engineering 406

Kick Warnings - Drilling

• Pit gain

Page 10: Petroleum Engineering 406

Kick Warnings - Drilling

• Decrease in circulating pressure

• Increase in pump rate

• Well flows with pumps off

Page 11: Petroleum Engineering 406
Page 12: Petroleum Engineering 406
Page 13: Petroleum Engineering 406

Kick Warnings - Tripping

• Improper hole fill

• DO NOT WAIT FOR PIT GAIN OR FOR THE WELL TO FLOW

• What should you do if the well is not taking the proper fill on a trip?

Page 14: Petroleum Engineering 406

Shut In Procedures - Drilling

• Soft Shut In1 Pick up the kelly until

the tool joint clears the floor.

2 Shut down the pumps.

3 Check for flow.

4 If flowing, open the HCR valve.

5 Close BOP.

6 Close choke.

• Hard Shut In1 Pick up the kelly until

the tool joint clears the floor.

2 Shut down the pumps.3 Check for flow.4 If flowing, Close BOP.

5 Open HCR valve.6 Close choke.

Page 15: Petroleum Engineering 406

Shut In Procedures - Drilling

• Soft Shut In7 Notify supervisors

8 Read & record SIDPP, SICP, Pit Gain, Time, Date

9 Prepare to implement kill.

• Hard Shut In7 Notify supervisors

8 Read & record SIDPP, SICP, Pit Gain, Time, Date

9 Prepare to implement kill.

Page 16: Petroleum Engineering 406

Shut In Procedures - Tripping

1. Set slips below top tool joint

2. Stab a full opening safety valve and close it.

3. Open the HCR and close the BOP, and choke

4. Pick up and stab the kelly or a pump-in line

Page 17: Petroleum Engineering 406

Shut In Procedures - Tripping

5. Open the safety valve.

6. Notify the supervisors.

7. Read and record SIDPP, SICP, Pit gain, TVD of Well, TVD of bit, time, and date.

8. Prepare to implement kill.

Page 18: Petroleum Engineering 406

Shut In Procedures - Diverters

• With diverters in use (prior to setting surface casing)

• DO NOT SHUT IN WELL - DIVERT.

Page 19: Petroleum Engineering 406

Shut In Procedures - Casing

1. Lower casing until a swage and valve can be stabbed.

2. Close the casing rams or annular preventer.

3. Stab the swage and valve.

4. Notify supervisor

5. Read and record pressures

6. Prepare to kill well

Page 20: Petroleum Engineering 406

Well Kill Methods

• Wait & Weight method

• Driller’s method

• Circulate & weight

• Concurrent method

Page 21: Petroleum Engineering 406

Well Kill Methods

• Reverse circulation

• Dynamic kill

• Bullheading

• Lubricate and bleed

• Volumetric

Page 22: Petroleum Engineering 406

Constant BHP Well Control

Page 23: Petroleum Engineering 406

Wait & Weight Method

• Weight up mud to KWM and complete kill sheet

• Circulate KWM to bit following decline schedule

• Circulate KWM back to surface maintaining FCP on drillpipe pressure

Page 24: Petroleum Engineering 406

Wait & Weight Method

7000

Page 25: Petroleum Engineering 406

Wait & Weight Method

• When well is full of KWM, Shut in well

• Check for remaining pressures

• If surface pressures are zero, check for flow by cracking choke

• If no flow, carefully open BOP’s

• Circulate around again

Page 26: Petroleum Engineering 406

Wait & Weight - Advantages

• Kill well in one circulation

• Least amount of maximum casing pressures

Page 27: Petroleum Engineering 406

Driller’s Method

• Shut in well long enough to measured stabilized SI pressures

• Circulate kick fluids from wellbore with original weight mud maintaining ICP on drillpipe

• When kick fluids are circulated out, shut in well

Page 28: Petroleum Engineering 406

Driller’s Method

• Weight up mud to KWM

• Circulate KWM to bit following pressure decline schedule

• Continue circulating KWM around maintaining FCP until KWM reaches surface

• Shut well in, check for pressures, flow etc.

Page 29: Petroleum Engineering 406

Driller’s Method

Page 30: Petroleum Engineering 406

Driller’s Method - Advantages

• Short shut in times

• Easy

Page 31: Petroleum Engineering 406

Circulate & Weight

• Shut in long enough to measure stabilized SI pressures

• Begin circulating kick from wellbore with OWM at ICP

• While circulating, isolate one pit and begin to weight up to KWM

• When mud is weighted up, switch pump suction to weighted pit, and follow W&W

Page 32: Petroleum Engineering 406

Circulate & Weight - Advantages

• Best of W&W and Driller’s

Page 33: Petroleum Engineering 406

Concurrent method

• Weight up and circulate in increments

• Takes one complete circulation for each increment

Page 34: Petroleum Engineering 406

Reverse Circulation

• Circulate down annulus and up the drillpipe or tubing.

• Used extensively in workovers and completions

Page 35: Petroleum Engineering 406

Dynamic Kill

• For blowout control– Use high pump speeds and viscosities to

generate high annular friction pressures– Annular friction used instead of surface choke

• For shallow gas– Circulate as fast as rig pumps will allow

through diverters– DO NOT HOLD ANY BACK PRESSURE

Page 36: Petroleum Engineering 406

Bullheading

• Pump kill fluid down wellbore, usually at relatively high speeds to force formation fluids back into formation

• Used predominantly in:– Workover and completion operations– Austin Chalk flow drilling

– When danger of H2S

Page 37: Petroleum Engineering 406

Lubricate & Bleed

• Only applicable with gas at the surface

• Pump in KWM into wellbore

• Let KWM fall for some time

• Bleed off gas

• Repeat

Page 38: Petroleum Engineering 406

Volumetric Method

• Used when circulation is not possible or when gas is migrating in closed in well

• As surface pressures increase due to gas migration, bleed off excessive pressure and allow bubble to expand.

• Continue until circulation can be resumed or until gas reaches surface

Page 39: Petroleum Engineering 406

Use of Kill Sheet

• Pre-recorded information– SPP– Pump output– Drillstring capacity– Annular capacity– Pressure limitations– Circulation times– Number of strokes

Page 40: Petroleum Engineering 406

Use of Kill Sheet

• Post kick information– SIDPP– SICP– Pit gain– Time– Date

Page 41: Petroleum Engineering 406

Use of Kill Sheet

• Calculate:– KWM = SIDPP/0.052/TVD + OWM– ICP = SPP + SIDPP– FCP = SPP*KWM/OWM

• Plot Pressure Decline Schedule

Page 42: Petroleum Engineering 406

Kill Sheet

Page 43: Petroleum Engineering 406

Kill Sheet

Plot ICPPlot FCP


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