Pg. 30 RTW: What does this device do? (Hint: It’s more than a clock…)

Objective: I will be able to explain the

major contributions to oceanography

Agenda:Notes

Tuesday, September 16

Charles Darwin- naturalist1831, sailed on the

HMS Beaglegoal was to map the

western coastline of South America

Found new species of plants and animals.

•1807, Thomas Jefferson authorized Survey of the Coast (the predecessor to NOAA)

•NOAA- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Theory of Coral Reef Development

Galapagos Tortoise

Marine Iguana

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qd-1_CjgGCQ&safe=active

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfZQfCkKuKM&safe=active

HMS Challenger- 1873-1876Led by Sir Charles ThompsonLed the most successful ocean expedition

devoted exclusively to scientific studyCollected water, sediment, and temp dataIdentified more than 4700 new species of

marine organismsDiscovered the “Challenger Deep” in the

Mariana’s trench. (over 35,000 ft. deep)

S.T.A.R1. Who is the “father of physical oceanography”?

2. What did Benjamin Franklin hypothesize about what was happening to the mail between England and America?

3. What did Thomas Jefferson authorize?

4. What was Charles Darwin’s goal? What did he also do?

5. Who discovered the “Challenger Deep”?

Did You Know?The Pacific Ocean is so big it could fit all of

the Earth’s continents.

The word pacific means peaceful. However, the Pacific Ocean is far from peaceful. Thousands of volcanoes rise up from the Pacific Ocean

Wednesday, September 17

Objective: I will research one kind of submersible and be prepared to teach other students about it’s characteristics & importance . As well, I will take notes on the research done by other students.

Agenda:Jigsaw Activity- Submersibles

Research! Create notes on specific submersible to share(NEED TO HAVE COMPLETED BEFORE CLASS

TOMORROW!!)

Homework:Start reviewing for the exam next week (Unit 2)

History of Exploration Scientific Contributions Submersibles

Pg. 32 Jigsaw SubmersiblesGroups:

1. ROVs vs. AUVs Trieste- Challenger

Deep Alvin- hydrothermal

vents & Titanic site Johnson Sealink-

panoramic view

2. Loran-C navigation3. GPS and other

satellites4. SCUBA5. Aquarius Reef Base

ROVs vs. AUVs

Aquarius Reef Base

SCUBA

GPS & Satellites

Loran-C Navigation

What to Cover1. What is this technology? (definition & short

explanation)2. When was it invented/established3. How has it contributed to the study of the

ocean? (research, findings, missions, etc.)4. Interesting facts

When was it invented? Who invented it? Future use? Misc.

Jigsaw Submersibles Day 2Now that you are an expert on your topic…

We will be getting into new groups composed of representatives from #1-5 (one person from AUVs/ROVs, Loren-C, GPS, SCUBA, & Aquarius Reef Base)

In these groups you will:1. Explain what you found in your group, teaching

them the material.2. Write notes about the other groups as they tell you

what they found.Feel free to ask questions to each other to

understand the concepts.

Thursday, September 18

Submersibles Pg. 33

Diving VesselsAlso called submersiblesROVs= Remotely Operated VehiclesAUVs= Autonomous Underwater VehiclesBathysphereBathysphere, allowed aquanauts to go to

deeper depthsBathyscapheBathyscaphe is a steel un-tethered submersible

that could be controlled. Deepest dive in history (1960).

AlvinAlvin is a self-propelled machine with mechanical arms that can pick up specimens and can carry three humans

JASONJASON, a robot, does not carry people

The Bathysphere

1880 to 1950V. Walfrid Ekman – Figured out the

Ekman Spirals and Ekman LayerFridtjof Nansen – Made the Nansen

Bottle. Now people could take samples of water from different depths of water.

Beebe and Barton – First bathysphere to 4,000 feetSteel sphere at the end of a long cable

(tethered)

Marie Thorp and Bruce Heezen – made the first map of the ocean bottom and provided evidence for the theory of Continental Drift.

Auguste Piccard – First bathyscaphe to reach the bottom of the Mariana's Trench at 35,800 feet.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dC0hXmO9Phs&safe=active

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5XX7WdfCgnM&safe=active

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mBG0LbAoqk&safe=active

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGzaUiutuRk&safe=active

This trip was made in 1960 and never Repeated!! The decent took 4 hours and 48 minutes.

Don Walsh and Jacques Piccard inside Trieste

The Meteor, a German ship, 25 months on Atlantic ocean using sonar

Sonar- sosound nanavigation rrangingmapped the ocean floor revealing many different depths and features

Exploring the Ocean with Personal Diving EquipmentUnder world called Inner

Space2500 B.C., glass was

discovered and the first mask was made

In the 17th century a diving chamber/bell was invented

Later came a diving suithttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oxWFqwFHXoo&safe=active

1797 1837

1855

The Modern Scuba Tank1943- Jacques Cousteau and Emile

Gagnan made final improvements A tank with compressed air was

developed that was strapped on the diver’s back

air breathed through a regulatormarketed as the aqua-lungS.C.U.B.A- Self Contained Underwater

Breathing Apparatus.

SCUBA Kitty

Did You Know?

The largest octopus weighs about 15kg (Octopus dofleini). An Octopus has three hearts and it can squeeze through a hole the size of a 10-cent coin. Hapalochlaena species can inject enough venom in one bite to kill several adult humans. They can adopt a two-tentacles "walk" that frees up their six remaining limbs and makes them look like an armed vehicle.

Friday, September 19

Dark and Luminous Blue Pg. 34Read the article and answer the questions on

pg. 34 of your ISN

Turn in the article and question handout when you are finished. (take them home to finish if you need to)

Enjoy reading about the first deep ocean dive from the perspective of the first diver!