PGP II

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Suresh K

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Agenda

Issues concerning developing countries and corresponding low-cost solutions Sanitation Water Health

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

BioLet's Composting Toilet

Won gold medal - International Inventors' Exhibition in Geneva

No water, no sewer and no chemicals No odors - designed so that there is a

constant air flow into the toilet The compost - 9 times fewer fecal

coliform bacteria than from other composting toilets - safer to handle

The compost could be used as a manure for non-food vegetation

BioLets can be installed anywhere - you don't need a water hook up

BioLet toilets do not require any pumping or outside holding tank

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

BioLet's Composting Toilet

Seen more as a green product – places where there is severe shortage of water

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Dignity Toilet

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Dignity Toilet (contd…)

Cooler Solutions’- won international design competition - International HIDO (Humanitarian International Design Organization) Design Award

Portable sanitation solution - refugee camps, developing countries. Solid waste storage and disposal system for locations where a sanitation

infrastructure does not exist Addresses sanitation compliance, health and personal dignity Sanitary storage for solid waste for four people for approximately 7 – 10

days The toilet is removed from its dock - manually augered into the soil where it

evacuates its contents, mixes the waste with soil and buries it in the ground for decomposition

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Dignity Toilet (specifications)

Roto-molded poly-propylene is low cost, structural and very durable

Molded in seal ensures sanitary, air tight storage

Carry strap is comfortable and makes transport easy

Molded in grips for augering Two way thread ejects plug,

scrapes threads and mixes soil into the waste

Mulching agitator mixes soil with waste for quick break down

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Dignity Toilet (contd…)

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Aquaduct

Aquaduct designed by IDEO - Innovate or Die contest hosted by Google and Specialized

Aimed at helping people in the developing world who have to make long journeys to collect water, which is often unsafe to drink

Large water tank mounted over the rear axles. Pedalling draws water through a filter to a second, removable, tank mounted in front of the handlebars

Rider pedals - a pump attached to the pedal crank draws water from a large tank, through a carbon filter, to a smaller clean tank.

A clutch engages and disengages the drive belt from the pedal crank, enabling the rider to filter the water while traveling or while stationary.

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Aquaduct (contd…)

•This could be modified by decoupling the 2 functions•Stationary pedalling – filters water

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Ceramic Water Purifier

Potters for Peace has been assisting in the production worldwide of a low-tech, low-cost, colloidal silver-enhanced ceramic water purifier

Field experience - eliminates approximately 99.88% of most water born disease agents

11” wide by 10” deep - mix of local terra-cotta clay and sawdust or other combustible, such as rice husks.

Press - hand-operated hydraulic truck jack and two-piece aluminum mold. Combustible ingredient burns out in the firing leaving a network of fine pores

After firing the filter is coated with colloidal silver. This combination of fine pore size, and the bactericidal properties of colloidal silver produce an effective filter

For use the fired, treated filter element is placed in a five gallon plastic or ceramic receptacle with a lid and faucet.

Basic shop with three or four workers can produce about fifty filters a day

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Solar Bottle

Winner of a 2007 INDEX award

Uses simple solar technology to purify dirty

drinking water and prevent water-born diseases

Principle is SODIS (Solar Water Disinfection)

process - works with the sun to allow UV-A

radiation and increased temperature to destroy

pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water

The slim PET container holds 4 liters of water

UV-A exposure and thermal gain are maximized

with a bi-color blown injection molding that creates

both a transparent side and a dark, heat-absorbing

side

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

LifeStraw

Vestergaard Frandsen – private company in public health Outer shell made of high impact polystyrene Effective against waterborne bacteria and viruses Halogenated resin elutes active halogen into influent water for inactivation of bacteria Strong base anion exchange resin adsorbs negatively-charged halogen residuals Granular activated carbon (silver-impregnated) adsorbs residual active halogen Minimum 700 litres or 1 year

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

LifeStraw

Testing - reduces bacteria such as E. faecalis and E. coli by at least 99.9999% and viruses by about 99.8%

Highly efficacious performance to meet US EPA and NSF International requirements for bacteria reduction.

The magnitude of virus reduction would appreciably reduce human exposure to waterborne viruses by 99%

Safety Residual silver levels: below

WHO guideline value and the US EPA MCL of 100 ppb

Residual iodine levels: non-existent/ within WHO limits

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Incubator for the Developing world

4 million infants per year die in the developing world, in part because of the lack and reliability of pediatric incubator.

Design that Matters -develops products for developing countries

Incubator using parts from Toyota trucks

Car parts-cheap and easy to find in developing countries

Car headlights provide heat AC fan moves warmed air around the

chamber Motorcycle battery for backup power

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Incubator for the Developing world

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

PermaNet

Vestergaard Frandsen – private company in public health Malaria affects huge percentage of population in the tropical countries Ready-to-use mosquito bed net - impregnated with an odourless and

biodegradable insecticide called deltamethrin that is mixed in a resin, coating the netting fibres

A progressive release of insecticide from the resin guarantees retention of the net's efficacy even after 20 washes

This bed net requires no re-treatment or dipping and a dirt repellent feature has been added to keep it clean longer.

PermaNet has a WHOPES (World Health Organization Pesticide Evaluation Scheme) recommendation, which declares it safe and effective for the prevention and control of malaria and other vector-borne diseases.

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

Using solar energy to prevent malaria

InnoCentive, Inc., SunNight Solar- funding from Rockfeller foundation Concept - Leverage the power of the sun to prevent malaria Comprises a small, cone-shaped mosquito trap that incorporates inexpensive

paraffin wax and human sweat as the main ingredients During the day a container of wax absorbs solar energy as it melts --

eliminating the need for costly photvoltaic cells and storage batteries -- and then is brought into the house at night where the heat is released at approximately the temperature of the human body as the wax re-solidifies.

Combined with a water based attractant derived from human sweat collected from a simple wrist band, the ingenious trap mimics the scent, moisture, and temperature profile of a sleeping body, attracting mosquitoes to the cone where they are trapped and can be easily disposed of.

Pilot production in February 09 – to market in May 09

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

CellScope

In rural areas and developing countries, clinics often lack the equipment - for up-close evaluations of malarial parasites, blood diseases and skin conditions.

The Cellscope is a 5x to 60x microscope attachment for camera phones that can be used for magnification and transmits the images to experts for diagnosis.

Successfully tested in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in August

Could soon be used by cancer patients in the U.S. to take white-blood-cell counts at home

DESIGN FOR PEOPLE IN NEED

References

http://www.humanidesign.org/dignitytoilet.html http://inventorspot.com/innovations_for_the_environmentalists_and_the_gar

deners http://www.coolersolutionsinc.com/pdf/CoolerSolutions-HIDO-DignityToilet

.pdf http://pottersforpeace.org/?page_id=9 http://www.youtube.com/group/innovateordie http://www.dezeen.com/2008/03/11/aquaduct-by-ideo/ http://www.inhabitat.com/2007/08/30/index-awards-solar-bottle/ http://www.helloweare.com/index.php?/medical/infant-isolette-/ http://blog.innocentive.com/tag/sunnight-solar/ http://pr-canada.net/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=76439 http://blog.innocentive.com/2009/01/28/innocentive-seeker-spotlight-

sunnight-solar-works-to-eradicate-malaria/#more-178

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Thank You