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Kamal Abdurahman
Group:B
2/25/2015
2015Hedrogen ion concenteration(PH-
Meter)
Supervised By : Mr.Pshtewan Jaf Mr.Sarhad
Mr.Goran
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAL
DRILLING ENGIEERING LAB
Contents
1 -Aim.
2 -Theory.
3 -Apparatus.
4 -Procedure.
5-Calculation.
6 -discussion .
7 -references.
Aim of experiment:
In this test we are measured PH of drilling mud by the PH
meter, to known the acidity and the alkalinity of the drilling fluid.
Theory
The acidity and the alkalinity of the drilling fluid can be
measured by the concentration of the (H+) ion in the fluid. As
for instance, if H+ is large (1 x 10-1), then the (OH-) hydroxyl
concentration is very low (1 x 10-13), the solution is strongly
acidic.
If the (OH-) concentration is (1 x 10-1) very high then (H+)
concentration is very low then the solution is strongly alkaline.
The acidity and the alkalinity of the drilling fluid can be
measured by the concentration of the (H+) ion in the fluid. As
for instance, if H+ is large (1 x 10-1), then the (OH-) hydroxyl
concentration is very low (1 x 10-13), the solution is strongly
acidic.
If the (OH-) concentration is (1 x 10-1) very high then (H+)
concentration is very low then the solution is strongly alkaline.
The pH of a solution is the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
(H+) concentration expresses as: 𝑝𝐻=log1𝐻+=−log𝐻+
Example: If the solution is neutral then H+ and OH-
concentrations are the same equal to 1 x 10-7. 𝑝𝐻=log11 x 10−7=−log1 x 10−7=7.
Procedure
1) Calibrate the pH meter using the meter’s calibration function
(follow the directions that come with the meter) using three pH
standards. Record the electrode potential of each pH standard
for subsequent analysis. Record the electrode slope and
intercept calculated by the meter after calibration.
2) Measure the pH of 5 samples from different depths in the
lake. Record both pH as displayed on the meter and electrode
potential. Record the depth and temperature of each sample.
3) Use a least squares analysis procedure to calculate the pH
of samples in step two using the electrode potential of three
standards measured in step one. Calculate the uncertainty of
each pH measurement.
4) Compare your pH results to values collected.
Discussion
*PH-Meter is important:
A-PH is important because it affects the solubility of the organic thinners, contaminant removal, corrosion mitigation and the dispersion of clays presents in the mud.
*In this test there are change PH by temperature directly that is mean when the temperature increase the PH increase.
*There is an effect that takes the error in this test after temperature has water (if the water is not pure (not standard, PH=7) the device recorded wrong value and then takes the PH of the mud wrong value).
*After circulating this mud must be measured the PH, because that’s important to the equipment and drill string and the other equipment and the well , because if do not known the PH of this mud there are make a lot of error and problem to the well bore, because the acidity has an effect to the corrosion and erosion and takes an effect to the
pipes and take fracture to the mud cake and that’s bad then must the drillers known the properties of the mud to control this problem.
* Methods of measuring pH in the
laboratory:
1. The pH Paper: The pH paper
strips have dyes absorbed into
the paper display certain colours
in certain pH ranges. It is
useful, inexpensive method to
determine pH in fresh water muds.
The main disadvantage is that
high concentrations of salts
(10,000 ppm chloride) will alter
the colour change and
cause inaccuracy .
2. The pH Meter: The pH meter
is an electric device utilizing
glass electrodes to measure a
potential difference and indicate
directly by dial reading the pH of
the sample. The pH meter is the
most accurate method of
measuring pH.
Reference
http://www.malvern.com/en/products/measurement-type/PH-Measurement /y .state/default.aspx
Jiao, D. and M.M. Sharma, “steady state,” Journal of Colloidal and Interfacial Science, 1994. 162:p. 454-462.
http://www.glossary. PH .slb.com/en/Terms/m/mudcake.aspx
Fisk, J.V., and Jamison, D.E., "Physical Properties of Rock at High Temperatures and Pressures," SPE Drilling Engineering, December 1989, pp. 341-46.