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Factors that gave rise to FilipinoFactors that gave rise to Filipinonationalism:nationalism:

1. Spread of liberalism1. Spread of liberalism

a. Exposure to internationala. Exposure to international

commerce brought liberal ideas fromcommerce brought liberal ideas fromEurope to the Philippines.Europe to the Philippines.

b. Transformation of theb. Transformation of thePhilippine economy into a rawPhilippine economy into a rawmaterial market for Euro ematerial market for Euro e

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6. Cavite mutiny6. Cavite mutiny caused by thecaused by theabolition of the privileges of the arsenalabolition of the privileges of the arsenalworkers and engineer corps regardingworkers and engineer corps regarding

exemption from tribute and forced labor .exemption from tribute and forced labor . Sergeant LamadridSergeant Lamadrid leader of theleader of the

mutinymutiny

Accused of alleged conspiracy in theAccused of alleged conspiracy in therebellion were fathers Mariano Gomez,rebellion were fathers Mariano Gomez,Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora whoJose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora whowere sentenced to death by garot, onwere sentenced to death by garot, on

February 17, 1872.February 17, 1872.

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2. Sentiment against the principales ( political and social2. Sentiment against the principales ( political and socialaristocracy, which includes the prominent land owning andaristocracy, which includes the prominent land owning andpropertied citizens.)propertied citizens.)

3. Racial prejudice3. Racial prejudice

4. Cultural changes4. Cultural changes

> Brought about by the educational reforms of 1863,> Brought about by the educational reforms of 1863,thus giving birth to a new breed of Filipinosthus giving birth to a new breed of Filipinos the illustradosthe illustrados

( enlightened ones)( enlightened ones)

> Governor general Carlos Maria de la Torre invoked> Governor general Carlos Maria de la Torre invokedreforms in the government like the revocation of pressreforms in the government like the revocation of presscensorship and the abolition of flogging as a form ofcensorship and the abolition of flogging as a form ofpunishment.punishment.

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5. Secularization controversy5. Secularization controversy

> The effort to secularize the> The effort to secularize the

parishes in a way heightened theparishes in a way heightened thenationalist feeling of the people.nationalist feeling of the people.

> Secularization of the> Secularization of theparishes means the turnover ofparishes means the turnover ofparishes supervised by regular clergyparishes supervised by regular clergyto the seculars.to the seculars.

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Propaganda Movement and LaPropaganda Movement and La

Liga FilipinaLiga Filipina

Propaganda Movement - a unified nationalist movementcampaigning forreforms in the Philippines.

Aim:P

eaceful assimilation,r

eferr

ing to the tr

ansition ofthe Philippines from being a colony to a province ofSpain.

Reforms:

1. Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the law; 2. Restoration of the Philippine representation in the

Spanish Cortes;

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3. Secularization ofPhilippine parishes and theexpulsion of the friars;

4. Human rights forFilipinos, such as freedom ofspeech, press freedom, and freedom to meet andpetition forredress of grievances.

Members:

1. Filipino exiles of 1872;

2. Patriots who left the islands to escapepersecution;

3. Those who had been to Spain for their studies.

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Greatest Propagandist:

1. Marcelo H. Del Pilar lawyer and journalist from the

town of Bulacan.> In 1882, he helped established the first

bilingual newspaper, the Diariong Tagalog.

> Wrote Dasalan at Tocsohan ( Prayers

and Mockeries), a manual of anticlerical commentary inthe format of novena.

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2. Graciano Lopez Jaena

> Wrote the Fray Botod or FriarPotbelly ( circa 1874)

3. Jose Rizal

> He wrote the Noli Me Tangere ( Touch Me Not) in 1887.

> The Noli reflected the defects of the Spanish rule in the

Philippines, particularly the abuses of the friars.

Other

great Filipino

Propagandist ( Assignment: List at least 5 andstate theircontributions in the Propaganda Movement [1 whole] )

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- La Solidaridad ( Solidarity) a purely Filipinoorganization established in Barcelona on December31,1888.

La Solidaridad- a fortnightly newspaper founded byGraciano Lopez Jaena in February 15, 1889 to makeknown the objectives of the Propaganda.

Contributors: Marcelo H. Del Pilar ( Plaridel) , Dr. JoseRizal ( Dimas Alang, Laong Laan) , Mariano Ponce (Naning, Kalipulako, orTigbalang), and Antonio Luna (Taga- Ilog)

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Revolucion- First Filipino Masonic Lodge founded by

Lopez Jaena in Barcelona.

Lodge Solidaridad- founded by Del Pilar in Madrid.

Lodge Nilad first masonic lodge in Manila founded on

January , 1892.

Aim:A dignified, free and prosperous country with ademocratic regime and a genuine and effective

autonomy, and a good government.

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2. Protection in cases of want and necessity;2. Protection in cases of want and necessity;

3. Defense against violence and injustice;3. Defense against violence and injustice;

4. Encouragement of instruction, agriculture, and4. Encouragement of instruction, agriculture, and

commerce; andcommerce; and 5. The study and implementation ofreforms.5. The study and implementation ofreforms.

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