Phoenix Convention Center • Phoenix, Arizona

Goal Setting and Performance Based Contracting

Track 7: Building Performance

Session 5: Constructing High Performance New Buildings

Paul A. Torcellini, Ph.D., P.E.National Renewable Energy Laboratory

August 12, 2015

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade2

Goal Setting and Performance Based ContractingPresenter: Paul Torcellini, NRELDescription: Learn to set goals in constructing high performance new buildings and how to maximize the use of performance based contracts to achieve those goals Implementation Lessons and ResultsPresenter: Shanti Pless, NREL Description: Review lessons learned and results in implementation of practices to best help guarantee building performance. A View from a ContractorPresenter: Phil Macey, JE Dunn Construction Description: Develop an understanding from the contractor’s perspective in understanding the process in designing and constructing high performance new buildings.

Session Overview

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade3

Learning Objectives

• Understanding how to set goals in constructing high performance new buildings and how to maximize the use of performance based contracts to achieve those goals.

• Understanding the process in designing and constructing high performance new buildings and the tools and resources available to help you along the way.

• Reviewing lessons learned and results in implementation of practices to best help guarantee building performance.

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade

• FEMP is accredited by the International Association for Continuing Education & Training and has awarded 0.2 CEUs (60 Min = 0.1 CEUs, 90 Min = 0.2 CEUs) for this session.

• To earn CEUs and a certificate of completion, participants must:– attend the session– complete a short assessment (3-5 questions) and brief

evaluation by logging on to: http://www.wbdg.org/education/energyexchange2015.php

• Note: participants must register once with the National Institute of Building Sciences’ Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG.org) to complete the requirements and obtain their certificate.

4

Obtaining CEUs and Certificates

• RSF uses 50% less energy than if it were built to current commercial codes at no extra capital cost

• RSF increases space at NREL by 60% but only increases energy use by 6%

NREL/17833

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade

Many Pieces

• So many ways to assemble the pieces

• Design is about making decisions – need motivation to make the right decisions

• Who are the decision makers?

Used by permission: Paul Torcellini/NREL

Great Potential in Commercial Buildings

Clockwise from top: NREL/09202, 10884, 10140, 09249, 12637, 11097

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade8

Vision

Setting Goals

• Measurable goals are better• From bad to good…

– I want a green building– Design a LEED <rating> building– Design a building to use 30% less energy than

ASHRAE 90.1-2013– Design a building to use less than 25,000 BTU/sqft– Design a [NET] ZERO ENERGY BUILDING

• Influencing purchasing decision—the owner

10

What are Zero Energy Buildings?

•Conceptually, a building that has no adverse energy [or environmental] impact [because of its operation]•ZERO is not easy to define!•Not easy to design to if not well defined

– Disconnect all utility interfaces?– What is the energy performance metric?– Net energy transfer across boundary?– Where is the boundary?

11

Goal

12

Goal

13

Goal

14

Goal

15

Goal

16

III

III IV

Value Added

Creating Goal Based Solutions

• Set measurable goals early (before you hire anyone).– Where to find goals

• Your portfolio and past experiences• Percentage off industry averages• Target finder• Examples from others (or just slightly better)

Set Goal Tiers

• 35 kBtu/sqft• 25 kBtu/sqft• 0 kBtu/sqft• -5 kBtu/sqft• Let the market compete on what goals you

should have for the amount of money you are willing to spend.

Problem Definition: RFP Objectives

MISSION CRITICALAttain safe work performance/Safe Design PracticesLEED PlatinumEnergy Star “Plus”

HIGHLY DESIRABLE800 staff Capacity25kBTU/sf/yearArchitectural integrityHonor future staff needsMeasurable ASHRAE 90.1Support culture and amenitiesExpandable buildingErgonomicsFlexible workspaceSupport future technologiesDocumentation to produce a “How to” manual“PR” campaign implemented in real-timeAllow secure collaboration with outsidersBuilding information modelingSubstantial Completion by 2010

IF POSSIBLENet Zero/design approachMost energy efficient building in the worldLEED Platinum PlusASHRAE 90.1 + 50%Visual displays of current energy efficiencySupport public toursAchieve national and global recognition and awardsSupport personnel turnover

RFP also required maximum use of natural ventilation and 90% of floor space fully daylit

The Process

20

• Owner made tough decisions up-front• Set budget• Sought maximum value for that budget• Prioritized goals

• Design-Build procurement process• Managed the team to the RFP and its

substantiation criteria• Rewards

• Allowed design-build team to use creativity to maximize value--innovation

• Owner did not solve the problem (but knew the solution existed)

Owner Role• Spend the time to get RFP right

• Design/build team will study to pass the test• Set up acquisition process to “force”

integrated design• Energy modeling guides conceptual design

decisions• Architecture and envelope

are also efficiency measures

NREL/17833

Owner Role

22

• Unwavering commitment to problem statement• Unleash power of design/build team of experts to

meet your needs • true value engineering

• Commit to your objectives and the prioritization and don’t adjust

Clockwise from top: NREL/18784, 24690, 17823

Steps…

• RFQ: Short list to 3 teams• Pay for conceptual design (share the risk)• Select best value for fixed price• Incentives• Require substantiation

NREL/21806

Day vs. Night Plug and Process Loads

Annual Plug Load Energy Use Intensity (kBtu/ft2)

Unoccupied Hours Power Density (W/ft2)0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40 1.50

Occupied

Hours Power Density (W/ft2)

0.10 3.0 5.2 7.4 9.7 11.9 14.1 16.3 18.6 20.8 23.0 25.2 27.4 29.7 31.9 34.10.20 3.8 6.0 8.2 10.4 12.7 14.9 17.1 19.3 21.5 23.8 26.0 28.2 30.4 32.7 34.90.30 4.5 6.8 9.0 11.2 13.4 15.6 17.9 20.1 22.3 24.5 26.8 29.0 31.2 33.4 35.60.40 5.3 7.5 9.7 12.0 14.2 16.4 18.6 20.9 23.1 25.3 27.5 29.7 32.0 34.2 36.40.50 6.1 8.3 10.5 12.7 15.0 17.2 19.4 21.6 23.8 26.1 28.3 30.5 32.7 35.0 37.20.60 6.8 9.1 11.3 13.5 15.7 17.9 20.2 22.4 24.6 26.8 29.1 31.3 33.5 35.7 38.00.70 7.6 9.8 12.0 14.3 16.5 18.7 20.9 23.2 25.4 27.6 29.8 32.1 34.3 36.5 38.70.80 8.4 10.6 12.8 15.0 17.3 19.5 21.7 23.9 26.2 28.4 30.6 32.8 35.0 37.3 39.50.90 9.1 11.4 13.6 15.8 18.0 20.3 22.5 24.7 26.9 29.1 31.4 33.6 35.8 38.0 40.31.00 9.9 12.1 14.4 16.6 18.8 21.0 23.2 25.5 27.7 29.9 32.1 34.4 36.6 38.8 41.01.10 10.7 12.9 15.1 17.3 19.6 21.8 24.0 26.2 28.5 30.7 32.9 35.1 37.3 39.6 41.81.20 11.4 13.7 15.9 18.1 20.3 22.6 24.8 27.0 29.2 31.4 33.7 35.9 38.1 40.3 42.61.30 12.2 14.4 16.7 18.9 21.1 23.3 25.5 27.8 30.0 32.2 34.4 36.7 38.9 41.1 43.31.40 13.0 15.2 17.4 19.6 21.9 24.1 26.3 28.5 30.8 33.0 35.2 37.4 39.7 41.9 44.11.50 13.7 16.0 18.2 20.4 22.6 24.9 27.1 29.3 31.5 33.8 36.0 38.2 40.4 42.6 44.9

Only occupied about ⅓ of the time-Nights Unoccupied-Weekends Unoccupied-Holidays Unoccupied

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade

Plug Loads

• 4 Quads—20% of commercial building energy use • Office equipment is 7% of total

electrical use• Very diverse and diffuse making

them hard to manage and control• Evaluated current plug loads• Developed a process to reduce

– Unused equipment– Space conditioning– Lighting needs

Resources

• Buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd• https://buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd/energy_b

ased_acquisition/

• Case Studies• Annotated RFPs.• Search on Plug Loads

– https://buildingdata.energy.gov/cbrd/resource/1550• www.nrel.gov/rsf

Moving to the Mainstream…

27

• Assistance available to implement process• Works for any owner willing to set goals early

and prioritize needs• Fix the budget upfront• Competitively procure for meeting prioritized

needs

Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade

Accelerate Performance

• Need to unleash the creativity of design and construction professionals

• Incentivize the process, not the products• We can create zero energy buildings today at

little or no incremental cost

Questions?

www.nrel.gov/rsfBuildingdata.energy.gov/cbrdPaul A. TorcelliniPaul.Torcellini@nrel.gov