Photometric Measurementof

Ground-Level Fugitive Dust Emissionsfrom

Open-Lot Animal Feeding Operations

S. L. M. Preece, B. W. Auvermann, T. Kwon, G. W. Marek, K. Heflin, K. J. BushTexas A&M AgriLife Research, Amarillo TX; University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth MN

Photo: J. Sweeten

Photo: S. Sakirkin

Photo: S. Preece

Photo: S. Preece

© 2009, Google Earth

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Contrast in Visually Assessed Dust Conditions

Image Pairs

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Moderate Dust High DustLow Dust

Honing the Approach

• Sky glare• Polarized light• Wide-spectrum CCD• Dust on targets• Number of TEOMs relative to path-length• TEOM-associated errors• Image resolution• RGB to Grayscale conversion equation• Night Measurements

Sky Glare

Polarized Light

Wide Spectrum Camera

Dust on Targets

TEOM Data

• Number of TEOMs• Placement of TEOMs• R2 associated with TEOM data

Image Resolution / Path Length

RGB to Grayscale Conversion

I = (0.2989R) + (0.5870G) + (0.1140B)

Night

Automation

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding support of USDA-CSREES under National Research Initiative grant number 2009-55112-05235.

DISCLAIMER

References to specific, commercial brand names in this paper are not exclusive of other, functionally equivalent brands or products and should not be construed as an endorsement of those brand names by Texas AgriLife Research or any of its research partners.

REFERENCES

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Kwon, T. M. 1998. An automatic visibility measurement system based on video cameras. University of Minnesota Duluth Report No. MN/RC-1998-25. Report to the Minnesota Department of Transportation. Springfield, VA.: National Technical Information Services.

Kwon, T. M. 2004. Atmospheric visibility measurements using video cameras: relative visibility. University of Minnesota Duluth Report No. CTS 04-03. Report to the Minnesota Department of Transportation. Springfield, VA.: National Technical Information Services.

Kwon, T. M. 2006. Video camera-based visibility measurement system. U. S. patent No. 7,016,045 B2.

Mathworks. 2008. MATLAB and Simulink. Ver. R2008b. Natick, MD.: The Mathworks, Inc.

MacVean, D. W., Franzen, D. K., Keefe, T. J., and Bennett, B. W. 1986. Airborne particle concentration and meteorological conditions associated with pneumonia incidence in feedlot cattle. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 47(12):2676-2682.

Von Essen, S. G., and B. W. Auvermann. 2006. Health effects from breathing air near CAFOs for feeder cattle or hogs. Journal of Agromedicine. 10(4):55-64.

Wyatt, T. A., R. E. Slager, J. D. DeVasure, B. W. Auvermann, M. L. Mulhern, S. Von Essen, T. Mathisen, A. A. Floreani, and D. J. Romberger. 2007. Feedlot dust stimulation of interleukin-6 and -8 requires protein kinase Cε in human bronchial epithelial cells. American Journal of Physiology. Lung, Cellular, and Molecular Physiology. 293(5):L1163-L1170.