PHP Optimization

PHP Optimization

by Dave Jesch - SpectrOMTech.comOC WordCamp - June 7, 2014

How to make your code run faster

There will be code.

Warning:

© 2014 SpectrOMTech.com. All Rights Reserved.

Optimization

Dave Jesch, Lifetime Geek

➔ 1.0 Web Applications

➔ Sales Conversion Plugins

➔ eCommerce Solutions

Security

Principal, SpectrOMTech.com


Mastering Security & Optimization...


1. How to Measure Improvement2. Basic Optimization Techniques3. Code Examples

Today’s Goals:


Secret Behind Optimization


1. Ways to Measure Outcome


What are we Measuring?

● Speed

● Memory

● Code simplification / maintenance


Number of Operations

O(n) notation is used to express the worst case order of growth of an algorithm.

How an algorithm’s worst-case performance changes as the size of the data set it operates on increases.

http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=227909


http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=227909

microtime()http://us1.php.net/manual/en/function.microtime.php

memory_get_usage()http://us1.php.net/manual/en/function.memory-get-usage.php

XDebug Profilerhttp://www.xdebug.org/docs/profiler

Measuring Tools


http://us1.php.net/manual/en/function.microtime.php

http://us1.php.net/manual/en/function.memory-get-usage.php

http://www.xdebug.org/docs/profiler

2. Let’s make your code Awesome!


General Optimizations (1 of 7)● Upgrade!

● 'string' is not the same as "string".[2.62 : 3.78 @10,000,000]

● Use built-in functions, especially for arrays and strings. array_column()/array_replace()/implode()/explode(), etc.


General Optimizations (2 of 7)

● Identity 1===1 vs. Equality '1' == 1[1.63 : 3.72 @10,000,000]

● Shift (n >> 1), not divide (n / 2)[2.34 : 2.75 @10,000,000]

● Don’t make needless copies.



● Use reference operator $x = &$array['key'][1.95 : 2.01 @10,000,000]

● unset large arrays when no longer needed.

● echo $a,$b; faster than echo $a.$b;[1.11 : 2.48 @1,000,000]



● Avoid @ error control operator.

● Pre increment ++$i faster than post increment $i++[0.95 : 1.05 @10,000,000]

● "foreach" for arrays is better than "for"[1.38 : 4.35 @100,000]



● Initialize! using undefined variables is slower than pre-initialized variables.[0.82 : 4.41 @10,000,000]

● Don’t global unless you use it.[1.82 : 2.01 @10,000,000]

● switch is faster than if (…) elseif (…) ...



● !isset($foo{5}) faster than strlen($foo) < 5[0.26 : 0.84 @10,000,000]

● str_replace() faster than preg_replace()strtr() faster than str_replace()[0.47 : 0.49 : 1.05 @100,000]



● "{$var}" is faster than sprintf()[2.19 : 6.87 @10,000,000]

● incrementing global var slightly slower than a local var[8.98 : 9.09 @100,000,000]

● use ctype_alnum(), ctype_alpha() and ctype_digit() over regex


3. Examples:


Bubble Sort Optimized: O(n^2) Best case: O(n)$len = count($arr);for ($i = 0; $i < $len; ++$i) { $swapped = false; for ($j = 0; $j < $len - 1; ++$j) { if ($arr[$i] < $arr[$j]) { $x = $arr[$i]; $arr[$i] = $arr[$j]; $arr[$j] = $x; $swapped = true; } } if (!$swapped) break;}

Non-Optimized: O(n^2)for ($i = 0; $i < count($arr); $i++) { for ($j = 0; $j < count($arr) - 1; $j++) { if ($arr[$i] < $arr[$j]) { $x = $arr[$i]; $arr[$i] = $arr[$j]; $arr[$j] = $x; } }}


Reuse Function Results Non-Optimized:if (get_option('some_setting') > 0) $var = get_option('some_setting');else $var = 0;

Optimized:

// use option or set to 0 if option not set

if (($var = get_option('some_setting')) < 0)

$var = 0;


Iterating Arrays

Non-Optimized:// iterate through an arrayforeach ($aHash as $key => $val) {

call_func($aHash[$key]);}

12.01 seconds @10,000,000

Optimized:// iterate through an array

while (list($key) = each($aHash)) {

call_func($aHash[$key]);

}

0.73 seconds @10,000,000


For LoopsNon-Optimized:// loop through all elements of arrayfor ($i = 0; $i < count($a); ++$i) { // do something}

Optimized:

// loop through all elements of array

for ($i = 0, $c = count($a); $i < $c; ++$i) {

// do something

}© 2014 SpectrOMTech.com. All Rights Reserved.

Latency Solutions: Transients

// get data from transientif (($value = get_transient('my_transient_name')) === false) { // nothing in transient, get from remote API $value = wp_remote_get('http://some-domain.com', $args); // save data from API in transient set_transient('my_transient_name', $value, $expiration);}


Ordering of Conditions

if (fastest() || fast() || slowest()) { // some code here}________________________________________________________________

if (op1() && op2() && op3()) { // more code}


Code Optimized!

1. Practice, practice, practice2. Always more to learn3. Balancing act4. Art form meets science


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Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much. - Helen Keller

Connect with us at [email protected] for more info.

write code...fix bugs...hangout...talk geek...

mailto:[email protected]

More References

http://phplens.com/lens/php-book/optimizing-debugging-php.php

http://alexatnet.com/articles/php-micro-optimization-tips

http://www.mdproductions.ca/guides/50-best-practices-to-optimize-php-code-performance

http://php100.wordpress.com/2009/06/26/php-performance-google/


http://phplens.com/lens/php-book/optimizing-debugging-php.php

http://alexatnet.com/articles/php-micro-optimization-tips



http://php100.wordpress.com/2009/06/26/php-performance-google/

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