Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013

Telecommunication System for Early Warning and Disaster Relief

Masao KojimaSenior Manager

Industry Standards DepartmentKDDI

ms-kojima@kddi.com

ITU Workshop on “Disaster Relief Systems, Network

Resiliency and Recovery”

(Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013)

Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 2

Photo of Natural Disaster

Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 3

Content(1/2)Need for Telecommunication Systems o ｆ Early Warning & Disaster Relief

Early Warning & Disaster Relief System for Local residents in Japan (current)

Lead Time for Early Warning

Traditional and New System for Early Warning & Disaster Relief

Category for Early Warning and Disaster Relief Systems

Landscape of Early Warning & Disaster Relief and their SystemsEffectiveness of Mobile System on KDDI’s experience March 11,2011

Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 4

Content(2/2)Flow Direction and Early Warning & Disaster Relief SystemsKDDI’s Mobile Systems for Early Warning & Disaster Relief

Earthquake Early Warning System

How to detect earthquake in advance

Emergency Rapid Mail

Disaster Message Board Service

Customer preference for real time voice

Disaster Voice Delivery Service

Disaster Relief by Guidance

Digital Signage for Disaster Relief

Conclusion

Phuket, Thailand, 20 May 2013 5

Needs for Teleco Systems of Early Warning and Disaster Relief Disaster results in loss of human lives & displacement of millions of peopleCommunication system can play a great role in providing early warning & disaster relief Early warning before disaster is a key element for disaster prevention and reducing loss of human livesDisaster relief at or during disaster can make victims to capture the correct information on rescue parties, relief supplies and evacuation shelter.Disaster relief after disaster can make victims to capture the damage situation and safe confirmation. And also it can provide their friends and relatives with their individual situation. In addition, it can be effective for life sustainability

Early Warning & Disaster Relief Sys.for local residents in Japan (current)

New Areain Mobile

Traditional(Broadcast)

Traditional(Dedicated

Radio)

Traditional

Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｆｒｏｍ　ｔｈｅ　ｐａｐｅｒ” Utilization of ICT for Disaster Management Japan ” WS-DMC-22: Presentation material Mr.MORISHIT of MIC ／ APT Workshop on Disaster Management / Communications, October 2011

Information Gathering Transmission Announcement

New Areain Broadcast

New Areain Internet

Lead Time for Early Warning

Seconds for earthquakes

Minutes for tornadoes and tsunami

Days to hours for volcanic eruptions

Weeks to hours for hurricanes

Months to weeks for droughts

Years or even decades for slow-onset threats (such as El Nino, climate change, etc.)

Ｅｘｔｒａｃｔｉｏｎ　ｆｒｏｍ　ｔｈｅ　ｐａｐｅｒ” drnrr-i-0029-Early Warning Systems (EWS)” by Veronica F. Grasso, UNDP , the second FG-DR&NRR, September 2012

Traditional and New System for Early Warning & Disaster Relief

TV broadcasting

Radio broadcasting (FM &AM)

Priority use of fixed telephone for local government, evacuation shelters and other public entities

Disaster Prevention Administrative Radio System

New trend is system via mobile

Category for Early Warning and Disaster Relief Systems (1/2)

1. Information flow directionPublic agency to General public (potential victim)Public agency to Public agencyPublic agency to Individual (potential victim)Individual (victim) to Public AgencyIndividual (victim) to Individual, and visa versa

2. Type of physical system Radio, TV, mobile, amateur radio, digital signature etc

Category for Early Warning and Disaster Relief Systems (2/2)

3. Timing of information and possible applicationBefore disaster for preparedness and preventionAt or During disaster for rescue and evacuationAfter disaster for safe confirmation and life sustainability

Landscape of Early Warning & Disaster Relief and their Systems (1/2)

Type of Early Warning & Disaster

Relief Systems

Early Warningbefore

Disaster

Disaster Relief-

at or during Disaster

Disaster relief-after

Disaster

Public agency to General public

TV broadcasting-Shared

○ ○ ○

Radio broadcasting-Shared

○ ○○

Digital signature (new) –Shared

○ ○ ○

Fixed radio communications-Dedicated

○ ○○

Public agency to Public agency

Fixed radio communication-Dedicated

○ ○○

Satellite fixed-Dedicated

○ ○ ○

Satellite Vehicle-Dedicated

－ － ○

Landscape of Early Warning & Disaster Relief and their Systems(2/2)

Public agency to Individual

Mobile broadcast (new)-Shared

○ ○ ○

Disaster Relief by Guidance (new)-Dedicated

－○ ○

Individual to Public Agency

Mobile-Phone-Shared － ○ ○Fixed-Phone-Shared － ○ ○Amateur Radio1) –Shared

－ ○ ○

Individual to Individual

Mobile-Phone-Shared － ○ ○Fixed-Phone-Shared － ○ ○Disaster Message Board (new)-Dedicated

－ －○

Disaster Voice Delivery (new)-Dedicated

－ －○

Effectiveness of Mobile Systemon KDDI’s experience March 11, 2011

Many victims run off with mobile terminal

in hand after a disaster (e.g. Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, March 11, 2011) Higher mobile penetration ratio than fixed telephoneDisaster warning also provided by conventional broadcasting services such as TV and RadioTV & Radio to provide an information to general public but not to individual Mobile to provide information not only to general public but also individual

Flow Direction and Early Warning & Disaster Relief Sys

Early Warning for general public (To warn of a coming potential disaster)Disaster Relief for general public (To notify latest support situation after disaster)Disaster Relief for individual (To notify damage situation from victims to their friends and family members Disaster Relief by guidance (To guide each victim a route to evacuation shelters and to his home )

1.Early Warning(Earthquake)

2.Disaster Relief

for public

3.Disaster Relief

for individual (Text message board)

4.Disaster Relief

by guidance(Graphical guidance)

KDDI’s Mobile Systems for Early Warning & Disaster Relief

1.Early Warning(Earthquake, Tsunami )

2.Disaster Relief for public (Disaster / Evacuation)

3.Disaster Relief for individual (Text & Audio message board)

4.Disaster Relief by guidance(Graphical guidance)

Additional request based on the experience of March 11, 2011

Before March 11, 2011 After April 1& June 4, 2012

16

Earthquake Early Warning System What is the earthquake early warning system? (Started from Mar. 2008 ）

Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) originated at Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is broadcasted to au mobile phones in areas around the seismic center, free from congestion.

An alert with a dedicated alarm tone, vibration, and display on a mobile phone screen.Only when a maximum Seismic Intensity” Scale 5” lower or more is estimated, the EEW is

broadcasted to the areas where a Scale 4 or more is foreseen.

Sense‘P’ wave

JMAKDDI

network

Analyze P waveTransmit EEW

DispatchEEW message

Broadcast EEW

in areas around seismic center

au mobile phone

(alarm tone, vibration)

★ Penetration of au mobile phone applicable to EEW 26.8 million amongst 33.9 mil. (79%) (as of Oct. 2011)

〔 Actual screen of iPhone-5 〕

How did EEW work on the Mar. 11 disaster? Effective to notify people of the earthquake Not useful to notify people of the tsunami, however

Currently, KDDI supports the tsunami warning.(2012.3.30~)

17

How to detect earthquake in advance

Detect‘P’ wave

JMA

Analyze P waveTransmit EEW

〔 Actual screen 〕

Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) in Japan: When two or more Seism om eters detect P-waves, the JMA immediately analyzes the readings and distributes the warning information to advanced users, such as TV/Radio broadcaster and mobile phone operators, before the arrival of S-waves

Broadcast EEW

in areas around seismic center

Seismo-meters

1) P-wave: non-destructive, 6 ～ 7km/sec

2) S-wave: destructive, 3 ～ 4km/sec

P-wave Seismomenters for P-wave www.meisei.co.jp/english/news/topics/meiseitopics_vol_45.pdf

18

Emergency Rapid Mail (since 2012 ）

！

Three function: ① Earthquake Warning, ②Tsunami Warning 、③ Disaster/Evacuation Info ・ Simultaneous Transmission, like broadcasting ・ Transmission only within affected regions

<Core technology> 　① 3PP: ETWS （ Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System ）　　　　　　　　　　　　 ② 3GPP2: Broadcast SMS

Nation ・ Municipalities(Publishing Disaster/

Evacuation Information)

MessagesTransmission

Process

Transmission Only Within the Related Regions

※Not Transmitting to Other Regions

○○CityDisaster/

Evacuation Information

Simultaneous

Transmission

△△City

Disaster

Tsunami

JMA

TsunamiWarning

earthquake

EarthquakeWarning

BroadcastingEarly Warning

Disaster Relief

I can not come home ・・I want to contact my family ・・

It is hard to telephone to my home

「 notification mail 」 sending

Disaster MSG Board

～ register ～[Condition]

□ I am safe□ I am not safe 。□ I am at home□I am at the evacuation center.□ See the comments

 

OK

Disaster Message

Board system

Confirm the safety

Even through other mobile phone networks or Internet, you can access to the Disaster

Message board ！Access

to ・・・ http://dengon.ezweb.ne.jp/

Even through other mobile phone networks or Internet, you can access to the Disaster

Message board ！Access

to ・・・ http://dengon.ezweb.ne.jp/

Confirm the safety at receiving [notification mail]

To register the safety on “Disaster Message Board”

Try to register on “Disaster

Message Board”

I am relieved to hear he is

safe.

Good ！We are

relieved!

Disaster Message Board Service(1/2)

Disaster Message Board Service(2/2) Requirements

１ ) Items for Registration　　□ I am safe　　□ I am not safe 　　□ I am at home　　□ I am at the evacuation center 　　□ others

2) Terminal for registration　　・ Mobile phone terminal with a telephone number (Rec. E.164)　　・ Fixed telephone terminal with a telephone number (Rec. E.164)

3) Deletion　　　 to delete a safe or relief information only through the terminal for　　　 registration

4) Language　　・ Mother language　　・ English　　・ Other language (Option)

Just after disaster, victims tried to make voice calls to their relatives and friends for confirmation

of safety. (First preference was real time voice) 　

⇒ After voice traffic was congested & controlled, customers may change their intention from voice call to messaging service. (Peaked at 15 minutes passed)

⇒ Then the user of “ Message board” had increased . ( Peaked at 2 hours passed)

Just after disaster, victims tried to make voice calls to their relatives and friends for confirmation

of safety. (First preference was real time voice) 　

⇒ After voice traffic was congested & controlled, customers may change their intention from voice call to messaging service. (Peaked at 15 minutes passed)

⇒ Then the user of “ Message board” had increased . ( Peaked at 2 hours passed)

Customer preference for real time voice

outbreak

Voice Call

messageDisaster Message Board

15 mins passed

Peaked at 2 hour passed

Disaster Voice delivery Service 、 Skype au

Time History

< Transition of customer demand request>

Real time voice was hard to reach.But voice message is still preferred.

It is necessary to enhance this kind of service and to inform it to public

Tickers, bannerReal time voice was preferred but was hard to reach.

Message svc is second choice.

After a disaster, Disaster Voice Delivery Service is provided. The voice is packetized and to be stored & forwarded in Packet Network. This service has been launched since June 4, 2012

After a disaster, Disaster Voice Delivery Service is provided. The voice is packetized and to be stored & forwarded in Packet Network. This service has been launched since June 4, 2012

22

I will inform my wife of my safety by voice.Let’s try to use “Disaster Voice Delivery Service”

・ Voice is stored in Smart Phone. ・ The Voice is transferred in Packet NW

Voice delivery Server

I am relieved to hear “he is safe”.

VoiceFile

VoiceFile

Packet Network

Disaster Voice Delivery Service(1/2)

VoiceFile

VoiceFile

Disaster Voice Delivery Service(2/2) Requirements

1) Registering the called number of victim’s relatives and friends　　・ to register a single called number registered at a terminal　　・ to register multi called number registered at a terminal

2) Recording a voice　　・ to record and to packetize a voice at a terminal

3) Sending a voice　　・ to send a packetized voice to a terminal with called number registered

4) Receiving and reproducing a voice　　・ to receive and to reproduce a packetized voice at a receiving terminal

5) Type of terminal　　・ Smart-Phones (interoperable for each other)

6) Method of packetized and de-packetized voice　　・ TBD

"Mobile evacuation tool supporting you safety"(1) Enabled for self positioning

(4) Still operate even if Mobile Phone radio signal is cut off

Evacuation shelter mapEvacuation shelter map

(2) Anti-disaster goods purchasable from sites

Get locations displayed, targeting wide-area evacuation shelters, railroads, main roads, administrative offices, railway stations, and emergency hospitals.

(3) Accessible to Disaster Message Board

Set your destination to know the direction and distance to that place.

Point your Sun Icon to the sun to determine the direction facing ahead.

Homecoming support mapHomecoming support map

Make use of downloadable map that tells you the route between two points you have specified in advance.Get information displayed, targeting the locations of evacuation shelters, emergency hospitals, disaster designated hospitals, convenience stores, toilets, among others.Also get information displayed, targeting dangerous/hazardous points such as a block wall.

Peace of mind service - you can still use it should major disaster cause Base Stations to suspend transmission.

Disaster Relief by Guidance(1/3)

Disaster Relief by Guidance(2/3) Requirement-1

1) Easy understandable graphical guidance.

2) Superimpose (mash-up) some kinds of maps into one guidance map; which includes a base-line geographical map, terminal position, evacuation shelter map, public service entities such as hospital and local government, locations of dangerous spots and so forth.

G

(GPS)

Disaster Relief by Guidance (3/3) Requirement-2

3) To superimpose (mash-up) even by a mobile terminal or a local server (cashing)

4) To operate the system even under no-connection with a central web-server, because a network is sometimes isolated after disaster. However, a local government is required to provide a map-guidance within an isolated network. (cashing)

5) To operate at most or any mobile terminals on a platform/Browser. (Open platform)

(Note) SVG-Map as Possible PlatformAs a key technology for graphical MAP platform on mobile device,

SVG-Map (web-browser's standard graphic format) under HTML5 has been developed by W3C. SVG-Map can meet to item 2), 3), 4), 5) above, but an existing Map does not.

Digital Signage for Disaster Relief

Extraction from SG16 document “T13-SG16-130114-TD-WP2-0024!!MSW-E”

Digital signage platforms for Digital signage platforms

-

Designated shelter Evacuation center

Mobile

prediction agencies

StationPublic building

Commercial facilities

Broadcaster

-Early Warning-Relief information

Government/local government

-Early Warning

- Relief information

ConclusionTelecommunication systems for early warning ＆ disaster relief can play great roles;

Before Disaster: for Preparedness, Prevention

At or During Disaster: for Rescue, Evacuation After Disaster: for Safe confirmation, Life-sustainability

Mobile system is effective because many victims run off with mobile terminal in hand. However, it has not been developed and implemented yet.

Therefore, it is recommended that mobile system for early warning & disaster relief will be developed and implemented.

Appendix-1 Situations in East Japan

Appendix- ２ Natural Disasters