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ZAINAB HJ NAWAB KHANTESL 1
JAN 2012
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Physical development Prenatal Infant Child Early Adolescence
3.1 Explain the stagesof physicaldevelopment of a child
3.2 Present thecharacteristics ofphysical developmentaccording to thedevelopmental stages
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PRENATAL
INFANT
CHILD
EARLY ADOLESCENCE
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WEEKS PROGRESS1
Zygote
One cell zygote multiples and forms a blastocyst
2 The blastocyst burrows into the uterine lining
3-4Embryo
6mm,a primitive brain and spinal cord appear. Heart,muscles,ribs, backbone, and digestive tract begin todevelop
5-8 2.5cm,Many external body structures face,arms,legs,toes& fingers and internal organs form. The sence of touchbegins to develop and embryo canmove.
9-12Fetus
7.6cm,Nervouse system,organs & muscles becomeorganized & connected-kicking,thumb sucking &mouth
opening, sex is evident13-24 30cm,Fetal movement can be felt by mother, fetus react to
sound
25-38 50cm,Size increases,Lung mature,rapid brain development,fetus rotate upside down in preparation for birth.
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1.Teratogen-any environmental agent thatcauses damage during prenatal period Dose,Heredity,Age,Other negative influences-poor nutrition, lack
of medical care2. Prescription and non prescription drugs3. Illegal drugs
4. Tobacco5. Alcohol6. Radiation7. Environmental pollution8. Maternal disease9. Nutrition10. Exercise11. Emotional stress12. Maternal age / previous birth
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WHAT ARE THE COMMON DISCUSSEDISSUES DURING PREGNANCY
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Rfelex StimulationEye blink Shine bright light eyes, or clap hand near head.
Permenant
Rooting Stroke cheek near corner of mouth
Sucking Place finger in infants mouth
Palmar grasp Place finger in infantss hand, and press
against palm
Tonic neck Turn babys head to one side while infant islying awake on back
Stepping Hold infant under arms and permit bare feet totouch a flat surface
Stepping Hold infant under arms and permit bare feet totouch a flat surface
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refers to skills that involve large musclesactivities e.g:
crawling Standing
Walking
Jumping
etc
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Development of fine skills that involve morefinely turned movement such as fingerdexterity
Grasping
Holding
Buttoning
etc
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period Motor development6 weeks When held up right, holds head erect & steady
2 months Lifts self by arms, roll from side to side
3 months Grasps cube
4.5 months Rolls from back to side7 months Sits alone,crawls
8 months Pulls to stand
9 months Plays simple games
11 months Stands alone,walks alone
23 months Jumps in place
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WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON ISSUESABOUT TAKING CARE OF INFANT
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age Motor skills2-3 Walks more rhythmically, hurried walk change to run
Jumps, hops, throws & catches with rigid upper bodyPushes riding toy with feet
3-4 Walks up stairs, pedals
4-5 Walks downstairs, skips with one foot
5-6 Increases running speed, skipping, throwing speedincreases
7-12 Increases in gross motor skillsSlow but consistent growth
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The most important hormones for humangrowth are released by the pituitary gland.
Located at the based of the brain
It will enter bloodstream and induce growth
Testosterone ( boys) genitals,height, voice
Estrogen-breast, uterine & skeletal
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WHAT ARE THE COMMON
ISSUES ABOUT RAISING ACHILD
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Puberty- physical maturation involvinghormonal & bodily changes ( in order)
MALE FEMALEIncrease in penis and
testicle size
Breast enlarge/pubic
hair appearsPubic hair Armpit hair
Minor voice changes Height
Maximum growth inheight
Wider hips
Armpit hair Menstruation
More voice changes
Growth of facial hair
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Have common charateristics Noticed they are gay in mid or late
adolescence
Majority of gay adolescence also experiencedother sex attraction (bisexual) , but do notfall in love
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WHAT ARE THE COMMON
ISSUES ABOUT ADOLESCENT
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HEREDITY ENVIRONMENT