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1)Physical Quantities and Measurement- Physical Quantities and Units- Conversion of Unit- Scalar and Vectors- Resolving a Vector- Multiplication of Vectors
2)Kinematic of Linear Motion- Kinematics of Linear Motion- Uniformly accelerated Motion- Freely Falling Bodies- Projectile Motion- Projectile Motion Continue....
3)Force, Momentum & Impulse- Force- Newton's Laws- Conservation of Linear Momentum and Impulse- Conservation of Linear Momentum and Impulse (continue)- Reaction & Frictional Forces
4)Work, Energy and Power- Work & Energy- Conservation of Energy- Power and Mechanical Efficiency
5)Static- Equilibrium of a Particle- Poligon of Forces- Equilibrium of a Rigid Body- Equilibrium of a Rigid Body (continue)
6)Circular Motion- Uniform Circular Motion- Centripetal Force- Centripetal Force (continue1)- Centripetal Force (continue2)
7)Rotation of a Rigid Body- Parameters in Rotational Motion- Rotational Motion with Uniform Angular Acceleration- Centre of Mass, Moment of Inertia and Torque- Torque- Rotational Kinetic Energy & Power- Work- Conservation of Angular Momentum
8)Gravitation- Newton's Law of Gravitation- Gravitational Force and Field Strength- Gravitational Potential and Gravitational Potential Eneergy- Escape Velocity Satellite motion in a circular Orbit
Physics Matriculation Syllibus
Physics Page 1
- Escape Velocity Satellite motion in a circular Orbit
9)Simple Harmonic Motion- Simple Harmonic Motion- Kinematic of SHM- Kinematic of SHM (continue)- Graph of SHM- Graph of SHM (continue)- Damped and Forced Oscillations and resonance
10)Mechanical Waves- Waves and Energy- Properties of Waves- Properties of Waves (continue)- Interference of WAves- Stationary Waves
11)Sound Wave- The Propagation of Sound Wave- Superposition and Beats- Stationary Waves- Intensity- Doppler Effect
12)Mechanical Properties of Matter- Intermolecular Force and Potential Energy- Young Modulus- Young Modulus (continue)
13)Fluid Mechanics- Hydrostatic Pressure- Buoyancy- Fluid Dynamics- Viscosity
14)Temperature & Heat Transfer- Temperature & Heat- Heat Transfer- Thermal Expansion
15)Kinetic Theory of Gases- Ideal Gas Equation- Kinetic Theory of Gases- Kinetic Theory of Gases (continue)- Molecular Kinetic Energy- Internal Energy & Molar Specific Heat
16)Thermodynamics- First Law of Thermodynamics- Thermodinamics Processes- Thermodynamics Processes (continue)- Thermodynamics Work- Thermodynamics Work (continue)
Pasted from <file:///E:\Physics\syllibus%20physics_files\syllibus.docx>
Physics Page 2
Principle of conservation of energy“in an isolated (closed) system, the total energy ofthat system is constant”.
Principle of conservation of momentum“In an isolated (closed) system, the total momentumof that system is constant.”OR“When the net external force on a system is zero, the totalmomentum of that system is constant.”
Principle of conservation of angular momentumthe total angular momentum of a system about anrotation axis is constant if no external torque acts on thesystem.
Principle of SuperpositionWhenever two or more waves are travelling in the same the same region ,the resultant displacement at any point is the vector sum of their individual displacement at the point
Bernoulli's PrincipleFor an ideal fluid, the pressure of the fluid is low when the velocity is high and vice versa
Archimedes's PrincipleWhen a body partially or fully emerged in a fluid,the fluid exerts an upward (bouyant ) force on the body equal to the weight of the water displaced by the body
Principle of Equipartition of Energy“the mean (average) kinetic energy of everydegrees of freedom of a molecule is
or
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Principles Of Physics Sem 1Tuesday, 21 September, 2010
2:30 AM
Physics Page 3
Work-energy theoremwork done by the nett force on a body equals the change in the body’s totalenergy”
Work-kinetic energy theorem“the work done by the nett force on a body equals thechange in the body’s kinetic energy”.
Work-gravitational potential energy theorem“ the change in gravitational potential energy asthe negative of the work done by the gravitational force”.
Parallel-Axis Theorem (Steiner’s Theorem)moment of inertia, I about any axis parallel toand a distance, d away from the axis through the centre ofmass, ICM is given by
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Theories Of Physics Sem 1Tuesday, 21 September, 2010
2:30 AM
Physics Page 4
Hooke’s Law“the restoring force, Fs of spring is directly proportional to the amount of stretch orcompression (extension or elongation), x if the limit of proportionality is not exceeded”
Newton’s first law of motion“an object will remain at rest or continues tomove with uniform velocity in a straight line unless it isacted upon by a external forces”
Newton’s second law of motion“the rate of change of linear momentum of a movingbody is proportional to the resultant force and is in thesame direction as the force acting on it”
Newton’s 2nd law of motion restates“The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the nett force acting onit and inversely proportional to its mass”.
Newton’s third law of motion“every action force has a reaction force that is equalin magnitude but opposite in direction”.
Newton’s second law of motion in term of linear momentumthe vector sum of all the torques acting on arigid body is proportional to the rate of change of angularmomentum.
Newton's Law of Gravitationa point mass will attract another point mass in any part of the universe with a force that is directlyproportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Pascal's LawPressure transmitted in an enclosed liquid is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and the walls of container
Zeroth Law of thermodynamicsIf two system A and b are separately in thermal equilibrium with third system C,then A and B are in thermal equilibrium with each other
Stefan's Boltzmann's LawThe rate of energy radiated per unit area of a body is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute (Kelvin )temperature
Laws Of Physics Sem 1Tuesday, 21 September, 2010
2:30 AM
Physics Page 5
Boyle's LawThe pressure of fixed mass of gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to its volume
Charles LawThe volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to its absolute volume
Gay-Lussac's Pressure LawThe pressure of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume is directly proportional to its absolute volume
First Law of ThermodynamicsThe heat (Q) supplied to a system is equal to the increase in the internal energy (DU) of the systemplus the work done (W) by the system on its surroundings
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Physics Page 6
Gravitational Fieldthe region of space surrounding a body thathas the property of mass.
Gravitational field strengththe gravitational force per unit mass of a body(test mass) placed at a point.
Apparent weightweight felt by a mass due to the normalreaction force exerted by the floor or due to the tension inthe string
Gravitational potentialthe work done by an external force inbringing the test mass from infinity to a point per unit testmass.
WeightlessnessWeight felt by a mass due to the normal reaction force exerted By the floor or due to the tension in the string
Simple Harmonic MotionPeriodic motion without loss of energy in which the acceleration of a body is directly propotional To its displacement from the equilibrium position and is directed towards the equilibrium position but in the opposite direction of displacement
AmplitudeMaximum magnitude of displacement from the equilibrium position
Damping OscillationOscillation in which its amplitude decrease slowly until the amplitude is zero (the system stops oscillating )
Forced OscillationOscillation produced by an external periodic force
ResonancePhenomenon of the occurrence of a maximum amplitude when the driving frequency equals the natural frequency of a system forced into oscillation
WavesThe propagation of as disturbance that caries the energy and momentum away from the sources of disturbance
Mechanical WavesA disturbance that travels through the particles of the medium to transfer the energy
Electromagnetic Wave
Definition of Physics's Term Sem 1Monday, 26 July, 2010
1:27 PM
Physics Page 7
Electromagnetic WaveThe transportation of energy because of the disturbance in electric and magnitude fields
Progressive Wave The one in which the wave profile propagates
Transverse WaveWave that the direction of vibration of the particle is perpendicular to the direction of the wave propagation (wave speed)
Longitudinal WaveWave that the direction of vibration of the particle is parallel to the direction of the wave propagation
WavelengthDistance between two consecutive particles (point )which in the same phase
FrequencyNumber of cycles (wavelength) produced in 1 second
Wave SpeedDistance travelled by a wave profile per unit time
DisplacementDistance moved by a particle from its equilibrium position at every point along a wave
InterferenceInteraction (superposition )of two or more wave motion
Constructive InterferenceThe resultant displacement is greater than the displacement of the individual wave
Destructive InterferenceThe resultant displacement is less than the displacement of the individual wave or equal to zero
Stationary (standing wave)A form of wave in which the profile of the wave does not move through the medium
PitchProperty of sound that characterizes highness or lowness of the tone to an observer
Fundamental FrequencyLowest frequency emits by the musical instruments at a particular tone
OvertonesOther upper than the fundamental tone (mode) emits by the musical instruments
HarmonicsFrequencies ,which are multiples of fundamental frequency of a vibrating system
Quality of Tone (timbre)Property of sound that enables a listener to distinguish a type of musical instrument from another although both instrument have the same pitch and loudness
LoudnessA sensation of sound perceived by a listener
BeatsPeriodic variation in amplitude of sound at a given point due to superposition of two sound waves having slightly different frequencies
Intensity
Physics Page 8
IntensityRate of sound energy flow across unit area perpendicular to the direction of the sound propagation.
Doppler EffectChange in the apparent (observed) frequency of a wave as a result of relative motion between the source and the observer
WavefrontA line or surface,in the path of a wave motion,on which the disturbances at every point have the same phase
Intermolecular ForcesForces exist between molecules can explain the properties of solids, liquids and gas
Elasticity Of SolidsProperty of solid that enable them to return to their original dimensions (shape and size) after an applied force has been removed
StrengthAbility of a material to withstand a force without breaking
Stiffness Resistance of material to changes in shape and size
DuctilityTendency of A material to change its size and shape considerably before breaking
BrittlenessTendency of a material to break without deforming
Young ModulusRatio of the tensile stress to the tensile strain if the proportionality limit has not exceeded
Hydrostatic PressureNormal force per unit area
ViscosityA measure of fluid resistance to flow
Terminal VelocityConstant velocity finally attained by a body moving through a fluid under gravity when there is zero nett force acting on it
StreamlinePath taken by a fluid particle under a steady (laminar flow)
TemperatureA fundamental quantity that measures the degree of hotness of an object
HeatEnergy that is transferred from one body to another because difference in temperature
Thermal EquilibriumThe state when the temperature of two bodies are equal
Absolute Zero of TemperatureThe lowest temperature on the thermodynamics scale at which the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules is minimal
Ice point (Melting/Freezing point of water)temperature at which there is equilibrium between ice and water at standard atmospheric
Physics Page 9
temperature at which there is equilibrium between ice and water at standard atmosphericpressure.
Steam point (Boiling point of water)temperature of steam maintained at standard atmospheric pressure when it is in equilibriumwith water.
Freezingprocess in which a liquid changes into solid state without a change in temperature.
Meltingprocess in which a solid changes into liquid state without a change in temperature
Boilingprocess in which a liquid changes intogas state without a change in temperature
Triple point of watertemperature at which ice, water and watervapour (steam) co-exist in equilibrium.
Thermal expansionChange in dimensions of a body accompanying a change in temperature
Coefficient of linear expansionFractional increase in length of a solid per unit rise in temperature
Coefficient of Area ExpansionFractional increase in area of a solid surface per unit rise in temperature
Coefficient of Volume ExpansionFractional increase in volume of a solid per unit rise in temperature
Ideal GasA perfect gas that obeys the three gas laws (Boyle's,Charles's,and gay-lussac's) exactly
Degree of FreedomNumber of independent ways in which an atom or molecule can absorb or release or store the energy
Internal energySum of total kinetic energy and total potential energy of the gas molecules
Molar specific heat (molar heat capacity)amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mole gasby 1 K or 1 °C.
Molar specific heat at constant pressure (CP)amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mole gas by 1 K or 1 °C at constant pressure.
Thermal ConductionA process when heat transferred through a solid from a region of high temperature to a region of lower temperature
Convectiona process whereby heat is transferred from one part of a fluid to another by movement of the fluid itself.
Radiationa process whereby heat is transferred by electromagnetic waves (e.m.w.)
Physics Page 10
Molar specific heat at constant volume (CV)amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mole gas by 1 K or 1 °C at constantvolume.
Thermodynamic SystemAny collection of objects that is convenient to regard as a unit ,and that may have the potential energy to exchange with its surrounding
Isothermal processprocess that occurs at constant temperature
Adiabatic processprocess that occurs without heat transfer intoor out of a system
Isochoric (Isovolumetric)process that occurs at constant volume
Isobaricprocess that occurs at constant pressure
Physics Page 11
Equation of Linear Motion
Equation of Linear Motion & Free Falling Bodies
Maximum Height Of Free Falling Bodies
Equation Of Vertical Motion Equation of Horizontal Motion
WorkWork
Kinetic Energy
Gravitational Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy Nett Work
Restoring Force of SpringElastic Potential Energy
Work Elastic Potential Energy TheoremWork-energy theorem
Newton's First Law of Motion Newton's Second Law Of Motion Newton's Third Law of Motion
Coefficient of restitution
ImpulseFrictional Force
Average Acceleration Instantaneous Acceleration
Velocity
Average Velocity
Instantaneous Velocity
Nett Work
Principle of Conservation of Energy
Conservation of mechanical Energy
Power
WeightMomentum
Principle of Conservation of Momentum
(c2) Kinematics of Linear Motion
(c3) Force Momentum Impulse
(c4) Work, Energy, Power
Equations In PhysicsTuesday, 21 September, 2010
2:00 AM
Physics Page 12
Average Power Instantaneous PowerAverage Power
Mechanical Efficiency
TorqueTorque
Equilibrium of Rigid Body
(c6) Circular motion
Equilibrium of A Rigid Body Equilibrium Of A Rigid Body
Mechanical Efficiency
Centripetal Acceleration
Length Of Arc Frequency
Tangential Velocity
Tangential Velocity
Centripetal Acceleration
Centripetal AccelerationCentripetal Force Centripetal Force
Angular Displacement
Average Angular VelocityInstantaneous Angular Velocity
Average Angular Accelaration Instantaneous Angular Acceleration
Linear Velocity
Centripetal Acceleration
Resultant Acceleration
Centre Of Mass
Moment Of InertiaParallel-Axis Theorem (Steiner's Theorem)
Total Torque In A Rigid Body Rotational Kinetic Energy Total Kinetic Energy For Rolling Body Without Slipping
WorkWork-Rotational Kinetic Energy Theorem
Power
(c5) Static
(c7) Rotational of A Rigid Body
Physics Page 13
Angular Momentum Angular Momentum Angular Momentum
Principle Of Conservation Of Angular MomentumPrinciple Of Conservation Of Linear Momentum
Gravitational Force
Gravitational Field Strength Work Done By External Force To Bring Test Mass From r1 to r2
Gravitational potentialGravitational potential Gravitational potential difference between point A and B
Simple Harmonic MotionPeriod
FrequencyPeriod of Simple Pendulum
Frequency
Period of Spring Oscillation
Equation of SHMVelocity
Maximum Velocity
VelocityAcceleration Maximum Acceleration
Acceleration VelocityAcceleration
Potential Energy Potential EnergyKinetic Energy
Kinetic Energy Total EnergyTotal Energy
Velocity (wave speed)Wave Number,k
Equation of Displacement (sin progressive wave)
Phase Difference
Wave Number,k Equation of Wave Propagation
Gravitational Field Strength
(c8) Gravitation
(c8) Simple Harmonic Motion
(c10 &c11) Mechanical & Sound Wave
Physics Page 14
Equation of Wave Propagation
Equation o f Particle's VelocityEquation of a Particle's Acceleration In Wave
Equation of Particle's Acceleration in Wave Equation of Stationary WaveEquation of displacement (sound wave)
Equation for Pressure
Fundamental Frequency
Wave speed on The Spring
Mass per Unit LengthMass per Unit Length
Mass per Unit Length
Frequency
FrequencyBeat Frequency
Beat FrequencyFrequency
Sound Intensity Relationship Between Area andDistance from the Source
Observer's and Source's Frequency
Wavelength in Front moving SourceWavelength Behind Moving Source
Equation of Doppler Effect
Repulsive Force Attractive ForceResultant Force Between Atoms
Young Modulus
Force ConstantWork Done
Hydrostatic Pressure
Pascal's Law
Coefficient of ViscocsityViscous Drag Force
Terminal Velocity (valid for sphere without turbulent)Volume Flow Rate
Bernoulli's Equation
Torecelli's Law
Bouyant Force
Stefan's Boltzmann's Law
Thermal ConductivityRate of Heat Transferred
(c12) Mechanical Properties of Matter
(c13) Fluid Machanics
(c14) Temperature & Heat Transfer
Physics Page 15
Final DensityRelationship Between Coefficient of Volume Expansionand Area Expansion
Coefficient of Volume Expansion
Volume ExpansionRelationship Between Coefficient of Linear Expansion And Area Expansion
Coefficient of Area Expansion
Area ExpansionLinear ExpansionCoefficient of Linear Expansion
Boyle's LawCharles's law Gay-lussac's (pressure) Law
Universal Gas Law
Ideal Gas Equation Ideal Gas Equation (in term of Boltzmann constant)
Force Exerted on The Wall in All Direction
Pressure of An Ideal Gas
Pressure of Gas Root Mean Square Velocity
Root Mean Square Velocity Translational Kinetic Energy of A Molecule
Total Average Translational Kinetic Energy
Average Kinetic Energy per Molecules Average Kinetic Energy per Mole
Internal Energy
Equation of Specific Heat Capacity Molar Specific Heat
Molar Specific Heat at Constant Pressure
Molar Specific Heat at Constant Volume
Relationship Between CP and CV
Ratio Between CP and CV
Work Done by GasWork Done at Constant Pressure
Quantity of Heat Supply (1st Law of Thermodynamics)
Change in Internal Energy Isothermal Process
Adiabatic Process
Adiabatic Changes
Equation of Adiabatic Changes in Pressure and Volume
Equation of Isothermal Changes
Isochoric (isovolumetric)
Isobaric Process
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(c15) Kinetic Theory of Gases
(c16) Thermodynamics
Physics Page 16