PHYSICS PROJECTPHYSICS PROJECT

Sir Isaac Newton (1642 - 1727)

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Isaac Newton

ChildhoodChildhoodBirth

At the Christmas Day of 1642, Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, England.

Here is Lincolnshire

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Isaac Newton

ChildhoodUnhappy Childhood

Unfortunately, Newton’s father was dead three months before Newton was born.

When Newton was three, his mother remarried with a rector. Newton was then kept by his grandmother.

Woolsthorpe, the village Newton lived in

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Isaac Newton

ChildhoodGoing to school

In the year 1655, Newton started studying in King's School in Grantham.

Like the other famous scientists, Newton’s result at school was not good.

The old King’s School in Grantham

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Isaac Newton

ChildhoodStudying or farming?

When Newton was sixteen, he was asked to be a farmer by his mother.

Luckily, with the support of his uncle and the school principal, Newton could continue his study.

In the year 1661, Newton got into Trinity College, Cambridge as a fellow.

Trinity College, Cambridge

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Isaac Newton

Story of Apple TreeStory of Apple TreeGreat Plague in 1665

In 1665, London was badly affected by the Great Plague. So Newton was forced to return home.

During this period, he tried to solve some difficult problems. One of them is about gravity.

A picture showing the Great Plague in 1665

Why did the apple fall down to the Earth, but not fly away to the outer space?

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Isaac Newton

Story of Apple TreeThe fallen apple

In one afternoon, Newton was sitting under a apple tree near his house, thinking about the problem of gravity.

Suddenly, an apple fell down from the tree. He thought:

Why did the apple fall down to the Earth, but not fly away to the outer space?

The apple was attracted by the gravity of the Earth!

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Isaac Newton

Story of Apple TreeThe fallen apple

Then Newton discovered the law of gravitation. It is his first discovery in force.

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Isaac Newton

Important AchievementImportant AchievementIntroduction

Isaac Newton is a great physicist. His discovery greatly affects our scientific development, especially in optics and force.

However, we will only focus on the discovery in force.

Newton’s discovery in optics: dispersion by a prism

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Isaac Newton

Important AchievementLaw of gravity

•Everything has its gravity

•Gravity is affected by:•Mass•Distance•Gravitation force

Since the Moon is smaller than the Earth, its gravity is also smaller than the Earth’s

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Isaac Newton

Important AchievementNewton’s first law of motion (Law of Inertia)

•If no force acts on a body, it will:•stay rest, or•continue to move at steady speed in a straight line

A satellite can move around the Earth because of the law of inertia.

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Isaac Newton

Important AchievementNewton’s second law of motion

•Acceleration (increase on speed) of a body is:•directly proportional to the force acted•inversely proportional to the mass

The heavier you kick, the faster the ball moves

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Isaac Newton

Important AchievementNewton’s third law of motion (Law of action and reaction)

When object A exerts a force on object B, object B will also exert a force of equal magnitude and opposite direction on object A.

Rocket makes use of action and reaction rise itself

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Isaac Newton

Declining yearsDeclining yearsEvents in the declining years

Newton did not stop working in his declining years.In 1703, Newton became the chairman of the Royal Society.

In 1704, he published the book “Opticks”.

The book “Opticks”, talking about study of light

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Isaac Newton

Declining yearsEvents in the declining years

In 1705, Newton was knighted by Queens Anne. He was the first scientist who is knighted.

In 1710, Newton became the chairman of Greenwich Astronomical Observatory.

Greenwich Astronomical Observatory

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Isaac Newton

Declining yearsDeath

In Newton’s declining years, he suffered from diabetes, chololithiasis and pneumonia.20/3/1727, Sir Isaac Newton passed away, at the age of 84.

Simon Church in London, where Newton was buried

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Isaac Newton

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