Physiological Responses to Injury

… continued

BTEC – Level 3

Learning Objectives … Understand the classification of injuries and the different stages …

Be able to identify the differences between Sprains and Strains …

Categorise the severity of Sprains & Strains …

Classification of Injuries

1) Acute Stage (0 to 72 Hours after Injury)

2) Sub-acute Stage (72 Hours to 21 days after Injury)

3) Chronic Continuum (21 days after Injury)

Injury Classification …

Injuries … Soft or Hard tissue?

Soft Tissue;

Muscles, Tendons, Ligaments & Skin …

Hard Tissue;Skeleton, Joints, Bones & Skeleton ...

Ligaments and Tendons

Soft Tissue … damaged during sports

1) Ligaments connect bone to bone …

2) Tendons connect muscle to bone …

Strains … ‘A twist, pull/and or tear to a

muscle or tendon’ How is a strain caused?

Overuse

Force

Over S – T – R – E – T – C – H – I – N – G

Muscle Strains – ClassificationSigns & Symptoms

First Degree Strains

Second Degree Strains

Third Degree Strains

Few Muscle Fibres are Torn

Moderate Tearing of

Muscle Fibres

Total Rupture of the Muscle

Mild Pain Moderate/Severe Pain

Severe Pain

Some Muscle Stiffness

Swelling & Stiffness

Severe Swelling

Sprains …

‘A stretch and/or tear to a ligament …’Caused by … ?

A trauma that knocks a joint out of position…

… and consequently over stretches/ruptures the supporting ligaments …

Ankles, Knees & wrists

Ligament Sprains … First Degree Sprains;

Pain Mild

Damage

Minimal

Swelling

Some ...

Ligament Sprains …Second Degree

SprainsThird degree

Sprains

More Ligament damage

Complete tearing of the ligament

Joint appears loose Joint is very loose & unstable

Painful with further swelling

Extremely painful & very swollen.