Date post: | 16-Jul-2015 |
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Health & Medicine |
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1 HISTORY AND GROUND BREAKING ADVANCES
2 BRIEF REVIEW ON HEART AND ELECTRICITY AND MECHANICS
3 LEADS APPLICATION
4 ECG READING
5 MI PPATHOPHYSIOLOGY
6 ECG IN MI
Luigi galvani
While working in lab ,he noticed
contraction of leg muscles when
scalpel touched the nerve.
Proposed mechanism-Animal
electricity
This formed the basis of
ELECTRICITY AND CONTRACTION
OF HEART
SIR HANS
CHRISTIAN
OERSTED…
PLATINUM WIRE HEATING WITH ELECTRICITY
CAUSED MOVEMENT OF COMPASS NEEDLE.
JOHANN
SCHWEIGGER
Proposed that current carrying
wire produces magnetic field.
he invented GALVANOMETER
.
CARLO MATEUCCI
EMIL DUBOIS –REYMOND
made further improvements to
the galvanometer by
increasing turns of the wire on
the coil to 24,000 ( 5 km wire )
1872 –capillary
electrometer
by GABRIAL
LIPPMANN
Open the chest
,expose the heart
and connect
electrodes and
measure the rise
/fall of potential
AUGUSTUS DESIRE
WALLER -electrogram
1ST person to attempt non
invasive measuring of heart s
electricity.
As the voltage in heart is <1
mv he tried a new technique.
He shone a light through
meniscus and projected on to
a moving photographic plate
Waller s
OBSERVATIONS
ECF surrounding heart acts as
a continuous conducting
medium between hearta and
skin.
Postulated that spread of
electricity is from apex to atria
EINTHOVEN
ENHANCED ELECTROMETER
DEFLECTIONS NAMING AS P,Q
,R,S,T – FOLLOWED RENE
DISCARTES, MATHEMATICIAN
AND METAPHYSICIST OF 17 TH
CENTURY WHO REPRESENTED
MATHEMATIC DEPECTIONS
WITH P ,Q, …..
Einthoven triangle
Based on various permutaitons
and combinations of placing
electrodes,einthoven finally
used 3 leads – LIMB LEADS
1,2,3
LEAD3 EQUALS DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN LEAD 2 AND 1
Wilson s central
terminal
Wilson incorporated 5 k ohms resistance to each electrode and combined 3 electrodes to form wilsons central termina
Leads-
VR-R arm paired with average of left arm and left foot
VF-left foot paired with average of right and left arms
VL-left arm paired with average of left foot and right arm
Goldberger s
augmented leads
He increased the voltages by
50 percent by increasing
resistance
V=IR
Avr,……
.
1912- James B Herrick reported clinico –pathological correlation of sudden coronary artery occlusion.
Dr .fred smith –described typical ecg patterns in 60 dogs .
He opened chests and tied each coronary arteries with strong linen , closed the chest and recorded ecg ,observed different pattern in each artery……