Physiotherapy India Are Important for Health

7/30/2019 Physiotherapy India Are Important for Health

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PHYSIOTHERAPY INDIA ARE

IMPORTANT FOR HEALTH

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Electrotherapy

Electrotherapy is the therapeutic use of electricity for medical treatment. This type of treatmentcan be delivered through a variety of devices that produce ultrasound, infrared rays, and varyinglevels of electric current. The use of electricity dates back to ancient Greece, when shocks froman electric eel were used to treat headaches. It was not until the twentieth century, however, thattechnology had advanced enough to provide safe, effective devices which could use electricity topromote healing.
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Electrotherapy treatments are most commonly employed to relieve pain, reduce swelling, relaxmuscles, speed up healing, and stimulate acupuncture points. Physiotherapists have been usingvarious forms and equipment to administer these treatments with great success.

Back and neck pain, whether acute or chronic, is frequently treated with electrotherapy. One ofthe most common machines available is the Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation(TENS) unit, which delivers a range of frequencies, and can be set to match the comfort level ofthe patient. This portable piece of equipment can be worn at home for long-term pain relief.Patients who need deeper skin penetration can use an Interferential Current device (IFC) thatdelivers a high frequency wave. Acute injuries involving bleeding, major tissue damage andswelling may achieve better results with Galvanic Stimulation (GS), which delivers directcurrent instead of the alternating current employed by the other machines.

Electrotherapy is frequently used in conjunction with other techniques, such as exercise therapy,manipulation, ultrasound and acupuncture. It is relatively pain-free and has no significantnegative side effects. Patients who are pregnant or have a pacemaker or defibrillator could haveserious reactions to the electricity, however, and should not attempt this treatment.


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Common electrotherapy equipments what we are using

* Interferential therapy(IFT)* Spinal traction* Pelvic(continuous/intermittent) traction(IPT)* Cervical continuous/intermittent)traction.(ICT)* Ultrasound therapy(US)* Electrical stimulation(E.S)

* Short wave diathermy(SWD)* Transcutaeous electrical nerve stimulation.(TENS)

Exercise therapy

We prescribe therapeutic exercises to combat the physiological effects of bed rest andimmobility, or to improve range of motion, muscle strength, posture and gait.


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A therapeutic exercise program will be designed to address your individual health concern, andmay involve exercises that can be done at home, or in a gym, pool, out-patient clinic and/orhospital.

* Exercise therapy Quadriceps cycle* Rowing machine

* Shoulder over head pulley* Trunk twister* Ankle exerciser* Swiss ball* Medicine ball* Weight cuffs* Dumbbells* Theraband / Theratube


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* Heat therapy Wax bath* Infra Red Radiation (IRR)

Massage Therapy

Massage therapy has become an important part of general health care for many people living in

today's stressful world. Traditional healthcare systems throughout the world recognize thattherapeutic massage can play an important role in treating illness or chronic ailments, andcontribute to a higher sense of general well-being.


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With ever-expanding research on the beneficial effects of massage, more professionals areadvising patients to include therapeutic massage in their health care treatment plans. Physicians,chiropractors and physiotherapists are recommending more patients receive massages for certainhealth conditions, while many employers and health insurance plans support the use of registeredmassage therapists.

Massage therapy is still used today to treat various conditions such as premature birth, varioustypes of cancer, AIDS, osteoarthritis, lumbar back pain, nerve damage, fibromyalgia, paralysis,heart attack, and stroke.

At our GETWELL Manual & Physical Therapy clinic, we offer exclusive Therapeutic massagefor back pain and neck pain (which is originated from Muscular pathology) by appropriate(male/female) qualified physical therapist.

* Advantages of therapeutic Massage Helping tired and injured muscles* Soothing nervous systems* Decreasing blood pressure and heart rate* Increasing flow of blood and lymph


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* Eliminating metabolic by products* Relieving stress

Manual Therapy

Manual therapy is the latest, advanced and superior treatment approach in Physical therapy. Mostof the physical therapy modalities address the symptoms of the problem. On the other hand,manual therapy addresses the source (cause) of the problem. Therefore, patients and clients getcomplete recovery and he/she would not the same problem again.

We approach restoration of your movement and function from a different perspective. Weprovide a specialized form of physical therapy called Manual Therapy. Our therapists use theirhands to correct problems in joints, muscle tissues, or connective tissues. Correcting mechanical

problems goes to the root of most patients pain. We like to work on the source of a patientsproblem and the results are restoration of movement, function, and quality of life.

Corporate Ergonomics

Introduction

It is a known fact that 8 out of 10 employees will suffer injuries of the soft tissue and 2 out of 10will suffer pain continuously as a direct result of using a computer for a large part of the workingday.

Headaches, migraines, tense shoulders, neck, low-back and wrist pain are just some examples ofcommon complaints that lead a staff member to acquire medical attention.

Prevention is better than a cure! Many of these symptoms can be reduced or eliminated beforethey manifest by identifying problems and key areas of dysfunction via simple and inexpensiveworkplace assessments, health awareness and ergonomics training.


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Our ergonomic programs are designed to improve productivity, reduce absenteeism and reduceunnecessary medical expenses for typical overuse injuries. A healthy and happy workforcecreates efficiency and increases productivity.

Background

It might seem fanciful to assert that office chairs are responsible for an increasing proportion ofworkers' compensation claims, but recent figures show how musculo-skeletal injuries areincreasing in office working environments.

What is happening to you and your colleagues?

Catogory-1

If you walk into any computer-based office environment, have a look around and count howmany people you can see sitting 'properly' in the way we all know is good for us. Compare thatwith the number perched at the front of their chairs, legs crossed, one foot on the floor, body

tilted diagonally to the computer monitor, arm stretched wide to the mouse. Count the otherscollapsed back away from the desk, hunching shoulders forward to peer into the screen.


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It is no wonder that even in relatively safe working environments such as the modern office,even with access to good ergonomic advice and furniture, back and occupational overuse injuries(OOS) injuries are on the increase.

Catogory-2

The situation is far worse for labourers, factory and floor operators! Although they are told tostand straight, stand with correct posture and work on the factory floor without compromisingthe integrity of their spine, how are they really to know, without correct ergonomic and posturaladvice?

What is ergonomics?

Ergonomics is the applied science of equipment design intended to maximize productivity byreducing operator fatigue, discomfort and stress. Body mechanics is defined as maintaining theproper or most efficient position during movement, pertaining to the least amount of stress onpostural muscles for a particular movement

So how do you decrease injuries in the workplace? Decrease the amount of stress to the body!


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In other words; setting up the work environment and training staff to use correct body mechanicsto stop injuries to workers, and remembering that prevention is much better than a cure, for theemployee and the employer.

More simply, ergonomics is a discipline that involves arranging the environment to fit the person

in it. When ergonomics is applied correctly in the work environment, visual and musculoskeletaldiscomfort and fatigue are reduced significantly.

Following ergonomic principles helps reduce stress and eliminate many potential injuries anddisorders associated with the overuse of muscles, bad posture, and repeated tasks. This isaccomplished by designing tasks, work spaces, controls, displays, tools, and equipment to fit theemployees physical capabilities and limitations.

Today, smart companies rely on advanced Ergonomics Programs as a means of maximizingemployee productivity, efficiency, and moral by reducing fatigue and mental/muscular stress inthe office setting.

Corporate Ergonomics Program

Our Ergonomics Program is unique, personal and highly successful. Our on-going corporateclients continually benefit from this hands-on program in terms of increased employeeperformance, productivity, and a noticeable decrease in absenteeism.

By assisting in the creation of a neutral body position during daily office tasks, CorporateErgonomics Program reduces stress and strain on muscles, tendons, and the skeletal system,thereby diminishing and correcting problems associated with common musculoskeletal disorderscreated by long hours and repetitious work demands.

You owe it to yourself to explore the possibilities this extraordinary program and the benefits itwill present to your company and its employees.


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gHow we help for your company?

Step-1

We will visit your office to provide a preliminary workplace/employee ergonomic evaluation.During this first visit, he will determine the main causes of individual stress and muscle tensionas the result of the incorrect placement of everyday work tools such as computers, desks, chairs,lighting and any other sources of discomfort that can limit the proper execution of necessarydaily job activities.

Step-2

After the initial evaluation, we will personally design and implement a two-month program thatwill improve each participants work posture, thereby helping them relieve stress and tensionfrom the body. Combined with body posture correction and physical Therapy, will promote arapid recovery to normal posture, allow for a swift return to normal activities, and increase dailywork productivity.

Step-3

He will also treat and train your employees in the use of corrective stretching exercises that


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strengthen the same weak muscles that are the cause of daily discomfort at their workstations.

Geriatric physical Therapy

Geriatric physical Therapy Chronic diseases increase in frequency with age, with 80 per cent ofthe elderly having at least one chronic condition. However, it does not follow that every olderperson suffers from disease processes. Aging itself is a relatively benign process that iscompatible with independence in all physical activities when minimal chronic illness is present.

On the other hand, 45 per cent of those persons over the age of 65 have some limitation in theperformance of activities of daily living, and of those over 85 years of age, 60 per cent showsuch limitations. Rehabilitation through physical therapy (simple exercises) seeks to reduce theselimitations by improving functional capacity of the elderly disabled person. Based on thisprinciple, rehabilitation in the elderly population should emphasize prevention through trainingto preserve unimpaired functions and to restore those functions that are impaired.

Special considerations in the care of elderly

The elderly patient is more likely to have pathological lesions in many organ systems. As aresult, the rehabilitation program for a specific functional disability may be complicated byseveral concurrent medical problems. Thus, for example, the elderly stroke victim may not onlysuffer from cerebrovascular disease but also may have osteoarthritis coronary heart diseases andperipheral vascular disease.

Ideal physical therapists concerned with the elderly patient should take all health factors intoaccount in developing a rehabilitation plan for the individual patient.

The quality of life during the period of survival is a primary concern of the Physical therapist.Some elderly disabled patient may have limited functional reserve, which limits the goal thatmay be achieved through the rehabilitation program. For such patients, the realistic goal shouldinclude improving the quality of life.

A bedridden chronically ill elderly patient may become socially isolated, leading to depression


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and withdrawal from social contact. On the other hand, a geriatric patient may become moreactive socially after a short course of geriatric physical therapy session. On effectiverehabilitation program helps this patient to live a more independent and socially involved life.

Comprehensive rehabilitation is cost efficient as well as effective in improving the quality of life.

The expense entailed in prolonged nursing home or home health care maker may far exceed thecost of an effective for patient.

Our GETWELL Physical therapists are well trained and committed to care of elderly individual.We are rehabilitating extensive range of geriatric patient varying from Orthopedic, neurologicaland cardio-vascular involvement. We also visiting old age homes and offering services.

Common Geriatric conditions we treat.

* Problems associated with bone Osteoporosis* Fractures

* Osteoarthritis* Joints stiffness / Reduced range of motion (ROM)* Rounded shoulder* kyphosis* Shoulder pain

* Neurological related Cerebellar ataxia* Giddiness* Tremor / chorea* Parkinsons diseases* Disuse atrophy

Chiropractic Physiotherapy

Chiropractic Physiotherapy is a type of treatment that helps with stretching the spinal chordwhere the bulging discs are at, to ease them back into the position where they are suppose to beat.

The treatments that they do is to first to warm up your muscles either with the HydroTable whichis a table you lie down on where the water inside which is heated of course and the jets once

turned will go up and down where you are hurting at if possible or they can use the stim on youwhich will put on your back and have electrical shocks that will come and go and this is done for15 mins.


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Just as the table is done for 15 mins. Once that is done they will then use the ProAdjuster on yourbody to where the pressure points are at to make sure that there is no tightness in the muscles andit will adjust your body if it is out of alignment. This is done for 15 mins also. Then last but notleast the final step is the Decompression Table where you lie down and they strap you down onlyyour bottom part of your body will move and the rest of your body will stay in place. This iswhere this will stretch your spinal chord where you have the bulging discs and will ease thosebulges back into place slowly. This is done for 15 minutes also.

But in order for it to work you will have to go back and have 15 treatments done in order for it towork and then you will have to continue the maintenance treatments done every month to once ayear. If you don't keep on top of this this treatment will not work. Once you start the programyou will have to go 3-4 times a week until they tell you that you will now be starting yourmaintenance treatments.

The Benefits of Physiotherapy for Amputee Rehabilitation

Losing a limb is a devastating blow for anyone. It requires a team of professionals to make theadjustment to life without the limb. A physician, a prosthetist, nurses, and a psychologist are allneeded. Add to that list a physiotherapy service, which will help with amputee rehabilitation.

The benefits of physiotherapy for amputee rehabilitation are numerous. For one, amputees willneed help in overcoming phantom pains. These are pains where the limb used to be. Thesensation really is in the nerve that would lead to that limb if it were still there. Physiotherapycan use its own techniques to treat this pain.


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Most amputees will be getting a prosthetic limb. Some feel that it should be enough to learn howto put it on. It is not an automatic thing to get used to a prosthetic limb. Many patients have themfor years without ever having normal functioning with them. This is one reason amputeerehabilitation is so important.

Physiotherapy can benefit amputee rehabilitation by gradually getting the patient accustomed tousing a prosthetic limb. The physiotherapy plan for this will be based upon the needs andabilities of the patient.

The patient will probably need help during amputee rehabilitation to learn balance all over again.This is especially true is the affected limb is a foot or leg. However, having an arm that is of adifferent weight than the other may be unbalancing as well. Physiotherapy can help with theseproblems too.

One thing people going through amputee rehabilitation need to realize is that gait is a good dealof the battle. If one walks correctly, people will not even be able to detect one's limp, even with a

prosthetic leg. This skill can be learned from physiotherapists.

If a patient has waited a long while before seeking physiotherapy after surgery, a problem mayarise. Certain muscles may become overdeveloped and others weakened. This happens because,without proper amputee rehabilitation, the patient relies on one set of muscles to the exclusion ofothers. A proper plan of physiotherapy can address this issue.

People who have lost a limb will need an individualized exercise program. Physiotherapy canprovide such a program during amputee rehabilitation. This will take into account the differentmovements needed by amputees to perform normal exercises.

Manual therapies, such as massage, are a part of amputee rehabilitation with physiotherapy. Thiscan relieve much pain and tension in the muscles that are overworked in getting used to theirnew situation. Other treatments can be used. Some of them are heat, acupuncture, ultrasound,and electrical stimulation.

There is a need for physiotherapy in amputee rehabilitation that no other discipline can fill. It is abasic kind of help that anyone who has lost a limb can use. Some amputees decline treatmentbecause they do not think it is necessary. Others feel overwhelmed by their loss. If there is a wayto convince amputees to get physiotherapy to help them with their rehabilitation, they will findrecovery a much smoother path.


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Foot Posture and Alignment

Our feet are amazing machines, managing without complaint most of the time to transmit theweight of the body as we propel ourselves around at varying speeds, all the while keeping

balance and a secure connection with the surface. While foot posture can vary quite greatlywithout particular painful problems, many alterations in foot posture can result in painfulsymptoms and significant levels of disability. The levels of force transmitted through the feetdemand strong and flexible joints, muscle strength and neuromuscular coordination for balanceand control.

The changes which occur in the feet can be postural and relate to the positions of the anatomicalstructures in weight bearing, or be dynamic in that the postural abnormality occurs fleetingly butregularly in walking or running. The rear of the foot, the hind foot, is commonly affected in thatthe heelbone can be angled outwards to a degree, stressing the inside joints of the ankle andthrowing the weight of the foot inwards. The main, or longitudinal, arch of the foot can be

reduced naturally from early on in life or can reduce with time as the ligaments stretch and theposition of the bones maintaining the arch changes.


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The forefoot arch can also reduce, forcing more pressure from the first metatarsal head onto thesecond and third metatarsal heads, causing callouses and pain to develop under the ball of thefoot, which along with thinning tissues in this area in pain can give significant problems.Physiotherapy assessment of the foot starts with looking at the foot in static standing to get anidea of the main posture tendencies of the foot, then look at the patient walking to assess thedynamic patterns of movement and joint stability. The physio will manually assess the individual

joints for their anatomical and accessory movements and stress the joints to test that they cancope with that without pain.

Physiotherapy management can involve mobilisation techniques to restore joint movements,strengthening exercises for the general muscles and arch stabilisers, alterations in gait pattern andchoice of footwear and prescription of insoles. Ready made insoles can be heat moulded to thedesired shape of the patient's foot and small corrections applied to realign the joint complexescorrectly for the desired mechanical alignment of the joints. Insoles are easy for the physio to


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apply and can be adjusted until the patient feels they are getting a good result.

Equine Physiotherapy, "Best Way To Restore Your Horse To Life"

Horses are a beautiful creation of nature. To keep horses fit and healthy for work, e.g. on farmsand in racing, equine physiotherapy is used. Physical therapy and exercises specially designedfor horses form a part of this medical practice. Long life and health of horses as well as freedomfrom stress is maintained through this form of treatment. Horses undergoing equinephysiotherapy recover from injuries at a faster rate and with a high chance of success, if they aretreated with equine physiotherapy, according to various studies. Just as human beings needspecial care with treatments to heal, so do horses.

Therapy for horses may be resorted to for several reasons that include injuries due to sports,advancing age, poor nutrition, over training, incorrect use of the saddle, physical defects in the

horse's body and imbalance of the rider. Health care professionals that are specially trained forthis purpose know the equine anatomy very well and also study the current technologies and anymedical breakthroughs, to be able to apply the latest developments in practice. With the help ofveterinarians and surgeons, animal physical therapists increase the animal's mobility, reducepain, lower pain and swelling and also prevent future irritation or injury. Equine physiotherapymay be carried out at an animal hospital, or at the client's home.

An animal doctor will examine the heart, bones, lungs, muscles, digestive system and bloodcirculation of the horse, to decide upon the use of equine physiotherapy. The animal physicaltherapist is trained to recognize symptoms that indicate lameness and muscle or spinal problems.An animal physical therapist can treat neck pain, injuries of tendons or ligaments, back pain or

any problems in the back, bruising, joint and leg swelling or muscle spasms.

Rehabilitation of the horse may last for just a few weeks or for several months or even longer,depending on the exact cause. Typically, equine physiotherapy will involve the horse, itstherapist, owner and / or trainer. Treatment method of various types of equine ailments, injuriesor defects varies with each animal physical therapist. Among the techniques commonly used inequine physiotherapy are therapeutic massage, soft tissue mobilization, ultrasound, hydrotherapyfor joint and limb mobility, heat therapy and pulsating electromagnetic field therapy. An animaltherapist will also teach the client about prevention of further injuries, such as those happeningby too fast a cool down.

A range of tools and equipment is used by animal physiotherapists in their work. Among thesetools, there is a pack that resembles a heating pad. It is meant to cover the horse's breast or thesaddle area and alleviate the back pain. It also helps rejuvenate the horse's muscular andcirculatory systems.

Generally speaking, animal physiotherapists commence their studies with a humanphysiotherapist and gradually switch over to equine physiotherapy. This is becoming a


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competitive field of practice, with increasing requirements for preventing injury and care ofanimals.

Health and Advanced Physiotherapy

Healthy living is a combination of many things, including good nutrition, regular exercise and apositive attitude. Taking care of your body and feeling pride in your accomplishments canimprove both your physical and mental health. There are many things you can do to improveyour quality of life. No matter how small you start, you can make a big change and animprovement in your life.

In accordance to the present time and needs, a health care giver is an individual or an institutionthat provides preventive, curative, promotional or rehabilitative health care services in asystematic way to individuals, families or communities. To forsee, Allied Health Professions areclinical health care professions distinct from medicine, dentistry, and nursing which are makingup 60 percent of the total health workforce. They work in health care teams to make the healthcare system function by providing a range of diagnostic, technical, therapeutic and direct patient

care and support services that are critical to the other health professionals they work with and thepatients they serve.

Physiotherapy alias physical therapy is considered as one of the fastest growing allied areas ofpresent generation medicine. Being an important rehabilitative service needed in a communityand a vital therapeutic supplement of the medical profession, it's the treatment of diseases anddisabilities using physical exercises, heat radiations, cold therapy, hydrotherapy, acupuncture andtherapeutic massage. It is a health care specialty concerned with evaluating, diagnosing and


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treating disorders of the body to restore maximal functional independence for the patient byenhancing their ability to move, reduce pain, restore function, and prevent any or furtherdisability.

As doctors, physiotherapists or physical therapists are essential in helping the patient to recover

and rehabilitate from a state of incapacity, due to genetic defect or the result of an accident or anillness. They must have a thorough knowledge of the human anatomy and the way the bones,muscles and nerves move and function. Physiotherapists treat a wide range of ailments, sospecialization is possible in areas such as pediatrics, geriatrics, integumentary, orthopedics,sports physical therapy, neurology, vestibular, women's health, clinical electrophysiology and,cardio-vascular and pulmonary therapy. Functional movement is central to what it means to behealthy. They can practice in outpatient clinics, inpatient rehabilitation trainings, private homes,education and research centers, schools, hospitals, industrial workplaces, occupationalenvironments, fitness centers, sports training facilities, health policy, health care administrationand as health care executives and medical-legal field experts.

This therapy is the interaction between physical therapist, patients/clients, other healthprofessionals, families, care givers, and communities using knowledge and skills unique tophysical therapists. Physical therapy or PT management includes prescription of or assistancewith specific exercises, manual therapy, education, manipulation and other mentionedinterventions.

In order to work as a physical therapist, one must first graduate from a physical therapyeducational program with a Master or Doctorate degree. Coursework includes biology,chemistry, and physics, biomechanics, anatomy, neurology, human growth and development,manifestations of disease, examination techniques, therapeutic procedures and clinical sciences(e.g., content about the cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, metabolic, gastrointestinal,genitourinary, integumentary, musculoskeletal, and neuromuscular systems and the medical andsurgical conditions frequently seen by physical therapists). In order to practice, graduates fromphysical therapy programs must pass international, national and state licensing exams. In order toretain their licenses, many states require PTs to take continuing education classes andworkshops. A good physiotherapist should be familiar with the standard concepts, practices, andprocedures within a particular field and should rely on experience and judgment to plan andaccomplish goals. Capability to perform a variety of tasks and certain degree of creativity andlatitude is also required. The median expected salary for a typical physical therapist holding amasters degree in the United States is $74,336.


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On a typical day a physical therapist -examines patients' medical histories, tests and measures thepatients' strength, range of motion, balance and coordination, posture, performance, respiration,sensory and motor function, determine patients' ability to be independent and reintegrate into thecommunity or workplace after injury or illness and develop treatment plans describing atreatment strategy, its purpose, and its anticipated outcome.

Historically, Hippocrates and later Galenus are believed to have been the first practitioners ofphysical therapy, advocating massage, manual therapy techniques and hydrotherapy to treat

people in 460 B.C. The earliest documented origins of actual physical therapy as a professiondate back to Per Henrik Ling, "Father of Swedish Gymnastics," who founded the Royal CentralInstitute of Gymnastics (RCIG) in 1813.In 1887, PTs were given official registration bySweden's National Board of Health and Welfare. Modern physical therapy was established inBritain towards the end of the 19th century. The first school of physical therapy was establishedat Walter Reed Army Hospital in Washington D.C. following the outbreak of World War I. In1974, the International Federation of Orthopedic Manipulative Physical Therapists wasformed,which plays an important role in advancing manual therapy worldwide.

The speciality and common treatments of the profession include, Cardiovascular & Pulmonary(cystic fibrosis, heart attacks, post coronary bypass surgery, chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease, pulmonary fibrosis), Clinical Electrophysiology(EMG/NCV), Geriatric (arthritis,osteoporosis, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, hip and joint replacement, balance disorders,incontinence), Integumentary (conditions involving the skin and related organs), Neurological(Alzheimer's disease, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, brain injury, cerebral palsy, multiplesclerosis, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and stroke and common impairments includingimpairments of vision, balance, ambulation, activities of daily living, movement, muscle strengthand loss of functional independence), Orthopedic (post-operative orthopedic procedures,fractures, acute sports injuries, arthritis, sprains, strains, back and neck pain, spinal conditionsand amputations), Vestibular (vertigo, disequilibrium, mobility and balancedisturbances),Pediatric (developmental delays, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, torticollis may betreated), Sports (athletic injury management, including acute care, treatment and rehabilitation,prevention, and education), Women's health (issues related to child birth, post partum, lymphedema, osteoporosis, pelvic pain, prenatal and post partum periods and urinary incontinence).

It is a vast field of exploration and gradually, physiotherapy is achieving a non conservativeapproach as an important human health and rehabilitative resource and holds a tremendous scopefor quality. What all it lacks is the awareness.


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Common conditions what we treat

* Common conditions what we treat Back pain and radiating down to legs* Neck pain and radiating down to arms* Shoulder pain

* Knee pain* Knee instability (buckling)* Tennis elbow* Hip pain (pain in butt)* Arthritis knee* Ankylosis spondylitis* Rheumatoid arthritis* Heel pain/ calcaneal spur* Plantar fascitis

Why Choose This Particular Treatment For Tennis Elbow?

If you are often wondering about the best treatment for tennis elbow, then wonder no more. Mostavailable treatments are just offering you a short-term relief. Most are just providing you with ashort-term solution that will not be of help if your injury worsen or becomes chronic. Treating aninjury like tennis elbow does not stop in the disappearance of the pain. It should start with ahealthy lifestyle.

Whether your injury started recently or not, you have to make a correct diagnosis of it. Most


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people would make the usual mistake of just having their painful condition be relieved andignore it afterward. They'll just start worrying about it and start doing something when itbecomes chronic. Do you have to wait for the tennis elbow to be chronic before giving it fullattention? It's like finding for the best cure that's available than preventing the cause of the injuryfrom happening. You have to know that you can do something to prevent any injury from ruining

your life completely.

Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is an injury that is associated with pain in theouter part of the elbow that usually radiates down the forearm, pain when you're trying tostraighten or flex your arm and pain when you try to lift, twist, grasp or grip something. Thispainful condition is due to either inflammation or degradation of the tendons located in the outerpart of your elbow. This is the result of overexertion of the muscles, repetition of movements andstress. How are you going to treat this kind of injury? Physiotherapy.

Yes, you read it correctly. Physiotherapy is the best treatment for tennis elbow and a preventivemeasure as well. Do you need this even if it's just a recent injury? Yes, you do. After giving

enough rest and applying cold or warm compress to relieve the injury, you must not wait for it tocome back before having it diagnosed by a health specialist or a physical therapist.

In Physiotherapy, you are being diagnosed properly and being evaluated accordingly. Theactivities that you engaged in, your medical history and the degree of pain are major factors thatplay important role in the assessment of your condition. Physical examination is also a requisiteso as to determine exactly what kind of treatment method is appropriate for you.

In physiotherapy, you are not just simply treating the injury. You are also prolonging your life bystarting a healthy lifestyle. Physical therapy is more of an educational phase in life wherein youcan learn how to incorporate healthy living with your usual activities. You will be able to knowthe progress of your condition as well as the circumstances that causes injuries the same orrelated to yours'. This may take a while and you may need to make adjustments in your lifestylebut a little sacrifice is all worth it for the kind of result it is able to give.

It will not only treat you but the things that you will learn from it are the key for you to be able tolive your life permanently without pains caused by injuries. As it is always being told, rest andregular exercises with proper diet are the answers against tennis elbow and all these are beingprovided in physiotherapy. You don't need to spend more and suffer more with relief treatmentsthat does not really determine the kind of treatment suitable for you. They function as quick fixbut not the real treatment for tennis elbow

Cervical Spondylosis

[cervical Spondylosis, cervical Spondylosis india, cervical Spondylosis mumbai, cervicalspondylosis treatment, cervical spondylosis exercises, cervical spondylosis physiotherapy,cervical cancer,]

INTRODUCTION:


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A type of arthritis affecting the cervical and the intervertebral discs of the spine, producing painin the neck region.

The area, which are commonly affected by Cervical Spondylosis are from the fourth to seventh

vertebral bones The discs present in between the two vertebrae loses height due to ageing ordegeneration or sometimes due to injury.

It is common in middle-aged people.Women are affected more than men.

CAUSES:

* aging of bones and joints* Trauma* incorrect posture of the body* Prolonged typing or writing with flexion of the neck aggravates the symptoms.* Occupational strain* Body type* Life style

Signs & Symptoms:

* Paintingling in natureNeck painShoulder painHeadache

* Muscle tightness: the muscles covering the regions like back of neck, shoulder, side of neckwill be stiff and painful.


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* Referred pain

Diagnosis

* Special Test Neck Compression Test (Spurling's Test) - This test is done by the doctor toconfirm the presence of cervical spondylosis. The test is done while you are sitting on a chair,and the doctor extends your neck, turns and rotates the neck to the side where pain is present and

he will carefully compresses your head by pressing gently. This may cause pain and sometimesgiddiness if you have cervical spondylosis.* X-ray (Side of neck view)

If cervical spondylosis is present, the x-ray features are as follows:There will be bony outgrowths at the margin of the joints.There will be reduced space between the vertebrae of neck.The opening between the bones will be narrowed.

* MRI ScanThe MRI features of a cervical spondylosis are as follows:Loss of normal curvature of neckVertebral bone canal diameter is decreaseSpinal canal is narrowed

Treatment

Medical

* Analgesics and muscle relaxants* If the medical treatment and physiotherapy fails, and the condition is severe, where the

nerves are affected, surgery may be required.. Decompression of the nerve is done to relieve thenerve which is compressed by the bones and the disc.

Physioline ManAgement

Physiotherapy

The goal of physiotherapy treatment is to relieve pain, and enhance movements of the neck.

* Shortwave Diathermy - A disc or heating pad is placed over the back of the neck. Thewarmth obtained from the shortwave diathermy current relaxes the muscle and the pain is


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relieved.

* Cervical Traction - Traction is a mechanical device, which supports the head and chin. It isused to relieve the nerve compression by a bone.

* Posture correction - Simple postural exercises can be taught to correct the faulty position ofthe neck.

* Motivation is given to maintain the erect posture:

* Collars - Two types of collars can be prescribed:Soft Collar - Soft collar is used during night times to prevent awkward position of the neck

during sleep.Firm Collar - Firm collar steadies the neck and relieve pain, especially during traveling or

work. It is removed when the pain subsides.

Relaxation

Relaxation is essential part of treatment. Tension in neck and shoulder muscle, pain, anxiety areall relieved by relaxation.

Relaxation can be done in two ways:

* Physical Relaxation.* Mental Relaxation.

Physical Relaxation:

The whole body is relaxed by free suitable and comfortable positions, so that the muscles arefreed from tension and the pain is relieved. For eg., position of relaxation - when you are lyingflat on your back.

* One pillow under the head, one cushion for the shoulder and one under knees.* The pillow should be firm and thin.* This position will allow relaxation for your body while lying down.

Relaxation while sitting.

The head, neck and shoulder are supported by high backed chair, with a small pillow at lowerback. Feet supported on stool or low bench, Arm, resting on arm of chair or pillow

Mental Relaxation:

Positive thinking and using imagination is the way of relaxing mentally. This type makes onefeel better and breaks the pain cycle. Muscle tension, anxiety, loss of sleep and pain are allrelieved by mental relaxation exercises like yoga.


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Lifestyle Modifications

Some modifications in life style will help in over coming problems of cervical spondylosis. Forexample:-

* Avoid any strain of neck and shoulder like reading and writing for long hours.* Avoid the use of very soft cushion bed and avoid using a very high pillow.

Ergonomics

Ergonomics concentrates on the architectural design of furnitures like desk, chairs, tables etc.The design of the furniture should be such that it should support the body structure withoutcausing any undue strain to the muscles of the back and neck .

Do's and Dont's

If you are prone to cervical spondylosis:

* Avoid bad roads, if traveling by two or four wheelers* Do not sit for prolonged period of time in stressful postures* Do use firm collars while traveling* Do not lift heavy weights on head or back* Do not turn from your body but turn your body moving your feet first* Do turn to one side while getting up from lying down* Do the exercises prescribed regularly* Do use firm mattress, thin pillow or butterfly shaped pillow* Do not lie flat on your stomach.

Ankylosing Spondylitis

INTRODUCTION

Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of chronic inflammation of the spine and the sacroiliacjoints. Chronic inflammation in these areas causes pain and stiffness in and around the spine.Over time, chronic spinal inflammation (spondylitis) can lead to a complete cementing together(fusion) of the vertebrae, a process referred to as ankylosis. Ankylosis leads to loss of mobility ofthe spine.

Ankylosing spondylitis is also a systemic rheumatic disease, meaning it can affect othertissues throughout the body. Accordingly, it can cause inflammation in or injury to other jointsaway from the spine, as well as other organs, such as the eyes, heart, lungs, and kidneys.

Ankylosing spondylitis is 2-3 times more common in males than in females. In women, jointsaway from the spine are more frequently affected than in men. Ankylosing spondylitis affects allage groups, including children. The most common age of onset of symptoms is in the second andthird decades of life.


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CAUSES

Genetically inherited, born with the HLA-B27 gene.Chronic tissue inflammation resulting from the continued activation of the body's own

immune system in the absence of active infection is the hallmark of an inflammatoryautoimmune disease.

SYMPTOMS

Inflammation of the spine, joints, and other organs.FatiguePain and morning stiffness of the spine and sacral areas with or without accompanying

inflammation in other joints, tendons, and organs.Expansion of the chest with full breathing can be limited because of rigidity of the chest wall.Severely affected persons can have a stooped posture.

Inflammation of the spine causes pain and stiffness in the low back, upper buttock area,neck, and the remainder of the spine. The onset of pain and stiffness is usually gradual andprogressively worsens over months. Occasionally, the onset is rapid and intense. The symptomsof pain and stiffness are often worse in the morning, or after prolonged periods of inactivity.

Patients who have chronic, severe inflammation of the spine can develop a complete bonyfusion of the spine (ankylosis). These fused spines are particularly brittle and vulnerable tobreakage (fracture) when involved in trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents. A sudden onset ofpain and mobility in the spinal area of these patients can indicate bone breakage (fracture)..

Chronic spondylitis and ankylosis cause forward curvature of the upper torso (thoracicspine), limiting breathing capacity. Spondylitis can also affect areas where ribs attach to theupper spine, further limiting lung capacity. Ankylosing spondylitis can cause inflammation andscarring of the lungs, causing coughing and shortness of breath, especially with exercise andinfections. Therefore, breathing difficulty can be a serious complication of ankylosingspondylitis.

DIAGNOSIS


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Patients symptomsphysical examinationx-ray findingblood tests

Tests for Rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibodiespulmonary function studies

TREATMENT

The treatment of ankylosing spondylitis involves the use of medications to reduce inflammationandor suppress immunity, physical therapy, and exercise.

Medications decrease inflammation in the spine, and other joints and organs. Physical therapyand exercise help improve posture, spine mobility and lung capacity.

Physioline Management

Physioline management for ankylosing spondylitis includes instructions and exercises tomaintain proper posture. This includes deep breathing for lung expansion, and stretchingexercises to improve spine and joint mobility. Since ankylosis of the spine tends to cause forwardcurvature, patients are instructed to maintain erect posture as much as possible and to performback extension exercises. Patients are also advised to sleep on a firm mattress and avoid the useof a pillow in order to prevent spine curvature. Ankylosing spondylitis can involve the areaswhere the ribs attach to the upper spine as well as the vertebral joints, thus limiting lungbreathing capacity. Patients are instructed to maximally expand their chest frequently throughouteach day to minimize this limitation.

Exercise programs are customized for the individual patient. Swimming is preferred, as itavoids jarring impact of the spine.

Inflammation and diseases in other organs are treated separately.Cigarette smoking is strongly discouraged in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, as it can

accelerate lung scarring and seriously aggravate breathing difficulties.Patients may need to modify their activities of daily living and adjust features of the work-

place. .Exercise Therapy for ankylosing spondylitisExercise therapy is considered to be an important overall component in the management of

patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and is typically coordinated by a physical therapist.The primary goals of exercise therapy in ankylosing spondylitis include

Maintaining or improving mobility of the spinal column and peripheral joints and increasingspinal flexibility.

Stretching the hip joint to prevent stiffness because stiffness in the hip joint may result in aforward bending position leading to postural problems.

Stretching muscles which may have become shortenedStrengthening the muscle groups of the back, legs, and trunkImproving postureMaintaining chest expansion


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Reducing pain and stiffnessIt is advisable to consult with your physical therapist and obtain their recommendations for

an individualized exercise regimen that would fit with your health and lifestyle. Considerationsof an individualized exercise program include a variety of factors including age, overall health,and certain risk factors.

In addition to exercise therapy, physical therapists may suggest alternative methods of painrelief, including muscle relaxation by means ofTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)Heat packs for reducing pain and stiffness or cold packs for reducing swellingtotal body immersion in water (hydrotherapy)relaxation therapiesPrognosis for Ankylosing SpondylitisAnkylosing spondylitis (AS) typically carries a generally favorable prognosis, with little to

no effect on mortality unless patients have long standing disease and significant complications.In general, most people who are diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis do not develop severefunctional disabilities and can expect to lead normal, productive lives.

Lifestyle Modifications for Ankylosing SpondylitisEducation about the condition and compliance with treatment are very important for patientswith ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In addition to medications and physical activity, learning tomake some relatively simple lifestyle modifications may have a significant impact on symptomsof ankylosing spondylitis and quality of life.

Suggestions for lifestyle modifications that may help AS patients better control the symptomsof the condition include

Workplace ModificationsHome ModificationsSleep ModificationsGeneral Lifestyle ModificationsWorkplace ModificationsMost patients with ankylosing spondylitis continue to be employed full-time. Improve or

modify your work environment for optimum positioning of your spine and good posture. Thesecan be achieved by modifications such as

Pay attention to your habitual posture while standing or sitting and make a mental (or written)note to yourself of how to modify it for better spinal alignment.

Adjust your chair at your desk so that you do not bend forward to workTry not to stand in one position for a long time. If you must stand in one position for an

extended period of time, try to move as many joints as possible while standing such as wigglingyour toes and stretching your shoulders.

Home ModificationsAt home, modify your behavior and surroundings to maintain good posture and to reduce

situations that may exacerbate pain. Suggestions includeEvery effort should be made to keep the spine straight.When sitting for long periods of time (e.g., watching TV, eating a meal, reading), stretch your

spine by straightening your posture and pulling your shoulders backTry to sit in a chair with a firm seat, an upright and tall back, and armrests to relieve the

weight from your spine. Soft chairs and sofas tend to exacerbate back pain and stiffness by beingconducive to bad posture.


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Sleep ModificationsSome relatively minor modifications may help you get a better nights sleep and reduce the

extent of fatigue that you may experience in the daytime. Some helpful suggestions includeSleep in a bed which is firm but not too hard.Sleep on one pillow if possible and support the hollow of the neck. Multiple pillows increase

the angle of bend in the cervical spine (neck).If you need to sleep on your stomach, try to do so without a pillow under your head and letyour feet dangle off the end of the bed.

Try not to sleep in a curled position but rather keep your legs straightGeneral Lifestyle ModificationsTake a warm shower or bath in the morning if stiffness is a problem. Some people find it

helpful to do stretching exercises while standing under hot water in the shower.For specific areas of inflammation, try applying hot packs or ice.Avoid wearing a corset or brace or any garment that keeps the spine rigid since it is very

important for the patient with AS to move and exercise the spine to relieve or avoid stiffness.

Occupational therapy

Occupational therapy is a discipline that aims to promote health by enabling people to performmeaningful and purposeful activities. Occupational therapists work with individuals who sufferfrom a mentally, physically, developmentally, and/or emotionally disabling condition byutilizing treatments that develop, recover, or maintain clients' activities of daily living. Thetherapist helps clients not only to improve their basic motor functions and reasoning abilities, butalso to compensate for permanent loss of function. The ultimate goal of occupational therapy isto help clients have independent, productive, and satisfying lives. Furthermore, occupationaltherapists are becoming increasingly involved in addressing the impact of social, political and

environmental factors that contribute to exclusion and occupational deprivation.[1][2]

The World Federation of Occupational Therapists provides the following definition ofOccupational Therapy: "Occupational therapy is as a profession concerned with promotinghealth and well being through engagement in occupation." Occupational therapists use carefulanalysis of physical, environmental, psychosocial, mental, spiritual, political and cultural factorsto identify barriers to occupation. Occupational therapy draws from the fields of medicine,psychology, sociology, anthropology, and many other disciplines in developing its knowledgebase. A new discipline of occupational science has been developed to enhance the evidence baseof the profession.

Physical Therapy for Low Back Pain

Low back pain is the most common diagnosis seen in many physical therapy clinics, and itaffects nearly 85-90% of Americans at one time or another. It is the second leading cause of


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visits to a doctor, after the common cold. Low back pain is also the leading cause of lost time atwork, and billions of dollars are spent each year diagnosing and treating low back pain.

What Exactly Is the Low Back

The low back, or lumbar spine, consists of five bones, or vertebrae, stacked upon one another.Between the bones are soft, spongy shock absorbers called intervertebral discs. The spinal cordand nerves are protected by these bones. Multiple ligaments and muscular attachments providestability and mobility to the lumbar spine.

What Causes Low Back Pain

The three most common causes of low back pain are poor sitting posture, frequent forwardbending, and lifting heavy items.

Although trauma may be a cause of low back pain, most often there is no apparent reason for theonset of symptoms. Thus, it is thought that repetitive strain on the structures around the lumbar


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spine is the main cause of low back pain.

Also, there are a few signs and symptoms that require immediate medical attention. Theseinclude, but are not limited to:

1. Loss of muscular control. If sudden loss of muscular control in the hip, thigh, calf, shin,or toes occurs, an immediate referral to a physician is warranted. If you are not able to liftyour leg to walk, rise from a chair, or walk up stairs, you may haa serious problem thatneeds medical attention.

2. Loss of bowel or bladder function. If structures in the low back are compressing thespinal cord or nerves that control bowel and bladder function, loss of bowel or bladdercontrol may occur. Most often, the primary symptom is inability to urinate. If this occurswith onset of low back pain, it should be considered a medical emergency and immediatemedical attention is required.

3. History of cancer or metastatic disease. Although rare, it is always a good idea to see aphysician if you have a recent onset of low back pain and a history of cancer. Simple testscan be performed to rule out metastatic disease and proper treatment can be initiated.

4. Recent significant trauma. Although rare, low back pain can be brought on by traumasuch as falls or motor vehicle accidents. If significant trauma has taken place and causedacute low back pain, a visit to a physician to rule out a fracture is required before initiatingtreatment.


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What Can I Expect from Back Physiotherapy?

During back physiotherapy, you can expect a range of different strengthening and flexibilityexercises. A therapist may also recommend changes to posture and daily activities. These areimportant for long-term relief from pain and preventing the condition from recurring. Short-termrelief is sometimes achieved through spinal manipulation which helps to realign the spine andmassage which can be effective at relaxing tight muscles. Back physiotherapy often involves iceor heat packs, although this depends on the type of injury.

Back physiotherapy techniques vary depending on the cause of the pain and how severe it is.You can be almost certain, however, that stretches and strengthening exercises will be involved.A lot of back pain is the result of tight muscles causing other areas to work too hard or weakmuscles which cant function as they should. If these issues are resolved, pain levels may reduce.

Exercises for strength and flexibility are also important for preventing the condition fromrecurring.

One of the most common causes of back pain is poor posture; as a result, a therapist may provideadvice on sitting and standing positions. Back physiotherapy is about preventing the symptomsfrom getting worse as well as addressing pain levels; correcting structural problems is a big part


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of this regimen. In some cases, spinal manipulation or mobilization may be required; theseinvolve large forces being applied to areas of the back to improve alignment. These techniquesoften only provide short-term relief from pain, however.

Along with postural advice, a physiotherapist may recommend lifestyle changes. If there is a

particular exercise activity that aggravates your pain, for example, the therapist could advise thatyou cross train with a different activity for a period of time. Those who sit at a computer all dayoften develop back pain, so changing work habits might also be required. In some situations, youmight be advised to increase your activity levels rather than reduce them, although this entirelydepends on the cause of the pain.

A number of other techniques are commonly used during back physiotherapy. Massage is oftenemployed as it is very effective at relaxing muscles. This can reduce pressure on the area that isthe source of the pain. Its important that back massage is only performed by a trainedprofessional, however, because it can cause more problems if not done correctly. Ice packs aresometimes applied to the skin to reduce swelling, while heat packs can be effective at relaxing

tight muscles.

Physical Therapy for Knee Pain

The human knee is a hinge joint that is comprised of the tibia (shin) and the femur (thigh). Thepatella, or kneecap, is located in the front of the knee. The knee is supported by four ligaments.Two shock absorbers, each called a meniscus, are found within the knee.

Pain in the knee can be caused by repetitive trauma and strain or by injury. Occasionally itoccurs for no apparent reason. When knee pain occurs, you may experience functional

limitations that include difficulty walking, rising from sitting, or ascending and descendingstairs.

If you experience knee pain, it is important to determine if the pain is acute, sub-acute, or chronic


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in nature. This can help guide proper diagnosis and treatment.

* Acute pain is usually the most severe and occurs 1-7 days after injury. During this time,you should rest the knee and let the injured structures heal before initiating any motion.

* Sub-acute pain occurs from 2-6 weeks after injury. This is a good time to initiate gentlemotion around the knee to help regain mobility.

* Chronic knee pain is pain lasting greater than 8-12 weeks. Knee pain that is chronicshould be evaluated by your healthcare provider.

Location of Symptoms

The location of your knee pain can help determine which structures are at fault and can helpensure proper treatment. Remember to check with your physician, physical therapist, orhealthcare provider if symptoms are severe or last more than a few weeks.

* Pain in the front of the knee. If you feel pain in the front of the knee, there may be a problemwith the tracking and position of the kneecap, often called patellofemoral stress syndrome(PFSS). The kneecap and the tendon between the kneecap and the shin may become inflamedand painful. Pain here usually limits the ability to kneel, ascend or descend stairs, or run andjump.

* Pain on the inside of the knee. If you have pain on the inside portion of the knee there islikely injury to the medial meniscus or medial collateral ligament. These structures areusually injured during athletic activity when the foot is planted on the ground and the bodytwists over the knee. The medial meniscus is a shock absorber located inside the knee.Occasionally, it suffers from wear and tear or arthritis, and can be damaged with no specificinjury.

* Pain on the outside of the knee. Pain on the outside aspect of your knee can be the resultof injury to many structures. There is a ligament there that may be injured during athleticactivity. Pain here can also be caused by iliotibial band (ITB) stress. The ITB is a thick bandof tissue that runs from the outside of your hip to the front of your knee. As it crosses theknee, the ITB can rub abnormally on the knee, and a burning pain can ensue. Also on theoutside part of the knee is one of the three hamstring tendons. Strain to this tendon may be asource of knee pain.

* Pain in the back of the knee. Pain in the back of the knee is rare, but can occur. One ofthe hamstring tendons attaches here, and pain here is likely due to a hamstring strain.Another possible cause of pain here is a Baker's cyst. This is an abnormal swelling of theknee joint that occupies space in the back of the knee and causes pain with excessive bendingof the knee.


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What to Expect From Physical Therapy for Knee Pain

If you are referred to physical therapy for knee pain, the initial visit is important to ensure correctdiagnosis and proper management. During this visit, your physical therapist will interview you togather information about the history of your problem, about the aggravating and relievingfactors, and about any past medical history that may contribute the overall problem. From the

information gathered during the history, a focused examination will be conducted. Theexamination may consist of several sections including, but not limited to:

* Gait evaluation. A gait evaluation is an assessment of how you are walking. Physicaltherapists are trained to notice small changes in the motion around the knee during differentphases of walking.

* Palpation. This involves using the hands to touch various structures around the knee tofeel for abnormalities or to assess if a structure is painful to touch.

* Range of motion measurements. Range of motion refers to how far the knee is bending

or straightening. The physical therapist may use special instruments to measure how yourknee is moving to help direct treatment.

* Strength measurements. There are many muscular attachments around the knee and ameasurement of strength can help determine if muscular weakness or imbalance is causingyour knee pain.

* Girth or swelling measurements. Occasionally, swelling may be present in the knee joint


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after injury. A physical therapist may measure the amount of swelling to help directtreatment.

* Special tests. Special tests are specific maneuvers performed around the knee to helpdetermine which structure may be at fault and may be causing the problem.

After a focused examination has been completed, your physical therapist can work with you toinitiate the correct treatment. It is very important for you to be active and engaged in theprogram. Often, exercises to help strengthen and improve mobility of the knee will beprescribed. You may be required to perform exercises at home as well.

Remember, if knee pain persists for more than 2-3 weeks or occurs as the result of major trauma,a visit to a physician, physical therapist, or health care provider is recommended.

The knee is a major joint in the body that is responsible for walking, climbing stairs, and risingfrom a seated position. Pain in the knee can limit one or all of these activities. By keeping the

knee joint mobile and strong, problems with knee pain may be avoided and your mobility can bemaintained.

Knee Pain Treatments

Knee pain occurs for a variety of reasons, and the best treatment for an injury will often dependon the type of injury, the severity and the individual. Your physician will prescribe specificrecommendations for your situation, so always have you knee pain evaluated if it doesn't resolvewithin a few days. Delaying treatment can often result in a longer healing process or even a

chronic problem, so seek treatment as soon as possible.

The most conservative treatment recommended for all kinds of soft tissue injuries is the R.I.C.E.method (rest, ice, compression, and elevation). Using this method can reduce swelling and pain


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during acute injuries.Treatments for Specific Knee Injuries

Chondromalacia

Many doctors recommend that patients with chondromalacia perform low-impact exercises thatstrengthen muscles, without injuring joints (swimming, cycling, walking). At times a physicianmay perform arthroscopic surgery to smooth the surface of the articular cartilage and clean andsmooth out cartilage fragments that rub on the surface of the femur.

Meniscus Injury

If the tear in the meniscus is minor and the pain and other symptoms go away, the doctor mayrecommend a visit to a Physical Therapist for a muscle-strengthening program. If the tear to ameniscus is more extensive, arthroscopic surgery may be performed. The meniscus can berepaired in some cases. If the tear is more extensive, a small piece may be removed to even the

surface. In some cases, the doctor removes the entire meniscus. However, degenerative changes,such as osteoarthritis, are more likely to develop in the knee if the meniscus is removed.Researchers are developing procedures that may replace a meniscus in the near future.

Cruciate Ligament Injuries - ACL - PCL

For an incomplete tear to a cruciate ligament, a doctor may recommend a visit to a PhysicalTherapist to strengthen surrounding muscles. A knee brace may also be warranted. If the ACL iscompletely torn, surgery may be indicated. The torn ends of the ligament may be reattached orcompletely reconstructed with a graft.

Collateral Ligament Injuries - MCL - LCL

Most sprains of the collateral ligaments will heal if the patient follows a prescribed exerciseprogram, including R.I.C.E. and bracing.

Osteoarthritis

Most often osteoarthritis of the knee is treated with an over-the-counter pain medication or ananti-inflammatory, such as ibuprofen (Motrin, Nuprin, Advil). Exercises may be recommendedto strengthen the knee, as well as encourage weight loss.

Tendinitis

Tendinitis is typically treated with R.I.C.E. and ibuprofen to relieve pain and decreaseinflammation and swelling. If the tendon is completely ruptured, surgery is necessary to reattachthe tendon.

Iliotibial Band Syndrome


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Usually, iliotibial band syndrome eases with reduced activity. Strengthening and stretchingexercises can also alleviate the IT band pain.

Preventing Knee Pain

Knee pain occurs for a variety of reasons, but the following tips generally help prevent or reducepain. Check with you physician for specific recommendations for your situation:

Increase Training Gradually

Doing too much too soon, is one of the major causes of sports injury. Knee pain is particularlycommon in runners who increase training mileage quickly. The best way to avoid this is tofollow the 10 percent rule. This simply means that you should limit your training increases to a

maximum of 10 percent each week. That cane be time, load, mileage or any other parameter.

Strengthening Exercises

Muscle weakness or imbalance is one of the first things physical therapists check for whenevaluating knee pain. Such an imbalance can be the source of pain. In addition to specific musclestrengthening of the muscles that support the knee (quads, hamstrings, calf), building corestrength improves overall stability which may reduce the risk of injury.

The balance of quadriceps to hamstring strength is not 1:1; but closer to 3:2. In general healthyhamstrings can lift 60 - 80% of what healthy quads can do.More about Conditioning Exercises.

Flexibility

Athletes who are less flexible than average may benefit from flexibility exercises. This is morecritical in athletes involved in stop and go sports or those that require quick cuts and turns.Improving flexibility in the quadriceps, and the hamstrings are helpful. For specific stretchinginformation, also see Flexibility Links.

Skills Training

Coordination drills and proprioceptive training have also been found to be helpful in protectingthe knee from injuries. More about Proprioception.

One of the best programs for preventing knee injuries, particularly ACL injuries, has been seenin the Santa Monica ACL Injury Prevention Project (PEP). This program, designed based uponthe results of a research project, involves a specific routine of exercises and skills training. Whiledesigned to address the increase ACL injury rates in female soccer players, the exercises can beused successfully by anyone who wants to avoid knee injuries, as the core concepts are the same


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for all knee injuries.

Appropriate Footwear

Finally, using the correct footwear is helpful to control excess ankle motion (pronation and

supination). Prescribed orthotics may also help with this. More about Foot and Ankle Pain andinjurie

Physical Therapy for Hip Pain

The hip is a ball and socket joint consisting of the thigh (femur) and the pelvis. There are manyligaments that support the bones, which provide considerable stability to the joint. Numerousmuscles also attach around the hip to help move the joint.

Hip pain can be caused by many factors. Often, you may start feeling hip pain for no apparent

reason. Sometimes recreation or sports puts repetitive strain on the hip causing pain. Because thehip is a major weight bearing joint, arthritis of the hip is a common problem. The hip isresponsible for such functional activities as walking, running, rising from sitting, and climbingstairs. Pain in the hip can limit these activities.


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Where Hip Pain is Felt

The hip is close to the low back, and it can be difficult to determine if your hip pain is trulycoming from the hip or coming from your low back. The location of your symptoms can oftenhelp solving this problem.

* Pain in the groin or front of the hip. If you feel pain in the front of the hip, this is mostlikely due to arthritis in the hip joint. Muscular strain around the hip can also cause pain here.

* Pain in the side of the hip. Pain in the side of the hip typically indicates a problem withthe muscles or structures around the hip. A common problem here is hip bursitis. A bursa is afluid filled sac that allows muscles and bones to glide smoothly past one another. Bursitis isirritation of that sac. There is a large bursa on the side of the hip, and this can becomeirritated with repetitive strain or muscle imbalance.

* Pain in the buttocks or back of the hip. If you feel pain in the buttock, there is a goodchance this pain is coming from your low back and not your hip. A simple test for this is tostand with your feet apart and bend your body forward. Let your low back bend. Come backto the starting position and repeat this bending 5 or 6 times. If your pain changes significantlywhile bending, then your hip pain is likely coming from your low back and not the hip.

Remember, if hip pain persists for more than 2 or 3 weeks or occurs as the result of majortrauma, a visit to a physician, physical therapist, or health care provider is recommended.

What to Expect From Physical Therapy for Hip Pain

Your first visit to physical therapy for hip pain will begin with an initial evaluation. This visit isimportant to ensure correct diagnosis and proper management. During this visit, the physical


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therapist will interview you to gather information about the history of your problem, theaggravating and relieving factors, and about any past medical history that may contribute theoverall problem. From the information gathered during the history, a focused examination willbe conducted. The examination may consist of several sections including, but not limited to:

* Gait evaluation. A gait evaluation is an assessment how of you are walking. Physicaltherapists are trained to notice small changes in the hip during different phases of walking.This can help lead to proper management.

* Palpation. This involves using the hands to touch various structures around the hip tofeel for abnormalities or to assess if a structure is painful to touch.

* Range of Motion measurements. Range of motion refers to how far your hip is bending,straightening, or rotating. The physical therapist may use special instruments to measure howthe hip joint is moving to help direct treatment.

* Strength measurements. There are many muscular attachments around the hip and ameasurement of strength can help determine if muscular weakness or imbalance is causingyour hip pain.


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* Special tests. Special tests are specific maneuvers performed around the hip to help

determine which structure may be at fault and may be causing the problem. This may includetesting of the low back to determine if your hip pain is really coming from your spine.

After the initial evaluation, you and your physical therapist will be able to initiate a plan oftreatment for your hip. The therapist may use physical agents like heat or ice help withinflammation. Exercises to improve hip strength or mobility may be started. You also may haveto perform exercises at home each day. It is important for you to be an active participant withphysical therapy, and ask questions if you have any.

Exercises to improve the mobility or strength of your hip are important to keep your hip healthy.Simple exercises performed once daily are a good way to keep the hips working properly.

The hip is a major weight bearing joint in the body and is responsible for many functionalactivities such as walking and running, sitting and standing, and climbing stairs. By keeping yourhips strong and mobile, hip pain can quickly be eliminated and a rapid return to normal activitycan occur.


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physical Therapy Goals for Arthritis Patients

Many patients find physical therapy an essential part of arthritis treatment. Physical therapy can

help patients cope with pain and disability caused by arthritis. Because there is no cure forarthritis, the focus of treatment is on disease management.

A patient's doctor and physical therapist work together to define goals for physical therapy. Thepatient's input is necessary too, to establish their priorities -- in other words, what the patientfeels he should be able to do. Together, the physical therapist and the patient work towards whatis realistically achievable.

The condition of the patient's joints (including strength, flexibility, and deformity) as well asmuscle strength and physical endurance must be considered when a treatment plan is developedfor physical therapy. By setting goals and working hard at physical therapy, patients can usually

improve physical function (enhance their ability to perform daily living activities).

Exercise is Beneficial for Arthritis Patients

An appropriate exercise plan can reduce joint pain and stiffness, while improving musclestrength, joint flexibility, balance, coordination, and endurance. What is appropriate exercise? Anexercise program that takes into consideration physical limitations and plans for gradualimprovement is appropriate. A physical therapist is able to assess each patient individually andteach the patient how to perform range-of-motion exercises, strengthening exercises, and aerobicexercises.


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* Exercise: Essential Treatment for Arthritis* How Do Arthritis Patients Perceive Exercise?* Arthritis and Exercise Quiz

Joint Protection Techniques Ease Arthritis Symptoms

Joint protection is important for improving joint mobility and decreasing the risk of jointdeformity. It's important to avoid unnecessary stress and strain on the joints. To reduce stress onthe joints, patients should try to maintain or improve muscle strength. Patients should be awareof body position when moving. It's also important to not overdo activities, to move around beforebecoming too stiff, and to use assistive devices and adaptive equipment. There is a lot a patientcan do to protect their joints -- most of which is common sense.

* How to Protect Your Joints* Joint Protection Advice for People With Arthritis

* Do You Use Joint Protection Techniques? Test Yourself

Proper Body Mechanics Are Important

Body mechanics refer to how a person moves. Correct body position helps to reduce joint andmuscle pain, stress and strain on the joints, and the risk of injury. Everyone should be consciousof their movements as they walk, sit, stand, lift, reach, and even sleep! Good posture and properalignment are essential. A physical therapist can help improve awareness of proper bodymechanics.

* Proper Body Mechanics Important for People with Arthritis

Heat or Ice Can Decrease Pain and Inflammation

Heat or ice can be soothing and relieve the discomfort associated with joint pain or muscularaches. Patients often ask which is better -- heat or ice. For the most part, it depends on the type ofarthritis as well as what joints or muscles are symptomatic (painful, swollen, or inflamed). Somepatients prefer heat to ice or vice versa. A physical therapist can help individual patients discoverwhich is more effective.

* Ice vs. Heat - Which is More Effective for Arthritis Pain?* Ice or Heat

Assistive Devices Make Everyday Tasks Less Challenging

Arthritis causes joint pain, muscle weakness, limited range of motion, and joint deformity insome cases. With restricted movement and pain upon movement -- simple tasks are made moredifficult. There are many assistive devices that have been specially designed to compensate forlost range of motion and to enhance joint protection. Physical therapists and occupational


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therapists help patients identify activities that are most difficult and help find solutions. Assistivedevices are available to help with nearly every activity of daily living.

Is Physical Therapy Necessary After Hip Replacement?

is a treatment for severe arthritis of the hip joint. After hip replacement surgery, rehabilitationcan help patients return to their normal, active lifestyle. However, some surgeons tell patientsthat physical therapy is not a necessary part of rehab after hip replacement. Is physical therapy anecessary part of the rehab process after hip replacement surgery?Answer: There is some evidence to support a formal physical therapy program that emphasizesstrengthening and weight-bearing exercises after hip replacement surgery. Specifically, the hipabductor muscles, which are often weakened in patients with severe hip arthritis, should beaddressed with a strengthening program.

The studies that have looked at the question of therapy after hip replacement are not idealinvestigations. For example, these studies have grouped together very different types of patients,making this question a challenge to definitively answer. Thus, these studies do not conclusivelystate that physical therapy is an essential part of rehabilitation from a hip replacement.My Thoughts on Physical Therapy After Hip Replacement

I would argue that having a hip replacement is a statement that you want to return to a moreactive lifestyle, and whatever modifications that may help you achieve this goal should beperformed.

Some individuals are more motivated, and some have access to better exercise equipment. Thesepeople may not need as much formal supervision with physical therapy, but I think that anorganized strengthening and rehabilitation protocol should be a part of every patient's post-surgical plan.


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Discuss with your doctor what you can do to help with your recovery. Often a few sessions witha physical therapist is sufficient to help you develop your own strengthening and exerciseprogram to aid in your recovery.

MORE ABOUT PHYSIOTHERAPY

Orthopaedic Physiotherapy is the oldest branch of physiotherapy and is oriented towards

the treatment of Musculo Skeletal ailments. It involves regaining appropriate health and

function of structures surrounding the Joint regions and normalizing the Biomechanics

following any injury or Orthopaedic disease. The rehabilitation of Orthopaedically

disabled individuals is also a major area of function

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http://www.physiohealthcare.webs.com/http://www.physiohealthcare.webs.com/http://www.physiohealthcare.webs.com/http://www.physiohealthcare.webs.com/


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The most common techniques used by physiotherapists in the ICU are positioning, mobilization, manual

hyperinflation (MH), percussion, vibrations, suction, cough, and various breathing exercises.

CARDIO PHYSIOTHERAPY

Cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation physical therapists treat a wide variety of

individuals with cardiopulmonary disorders or those who have had cardiac or pulmonary

surgery. Primary goals of this department include increasing endurance and functional


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independence. Manual therapy is used in this field to assist in clearing lung secretions

experienced with cystic fibrosis. Disorders, including heart attacks, post coronary bypass

surgery, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis, treatments can

benefit from cardiovascular and pulmonary specialized physical therapists.

PHYSIOTHERAPY INSTRUMENT

PHYSICAL MODALITIES

* Heating Pad,

* Cryotherapy (Ice-therapy)

* Paraffin Wax Bath,


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* Infra-red Ray therapy,

* Short-wave diathermy,

* Ultrasound therapy,

* Electronic Cervical and Lumbar Traction,

* Muscle Stimulator,

* Static cycle,

* IFT,

* TENS,

* Pulley.

* Laser

* microwawe diathermy

* Suspansion therapy

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Physiotherapy India Are Important for Health

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