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Phytoplankton and Chlorophyll(Chlorophyll? How about Borophyll?!)
By: Kate Hilfanski And Don Maryfiker
What is chlorophyll?
• Photosynthetic pigment found in most plants
• Able to absorb light and transfer to light energy
• Chlorophyll a found in all algae!!
A Little Bit About Phytoplankton• Can be unicellular or multicellular
– Very little division of labor
• reproduction can be sexual or asexual
• Primary producers– food for herbivorous zooplankton (if not toxic)
chlamydomonas
Volvox
• Are eukaryotic • Has pigments chlorophylls a and c and carotenoids
– Two Class:• Golden Algae
Ex. Mallomonas • Diatoms
-Have frustules made of silica ex.. Fragillaria,
Asterionella , and Tabellaria
Chrysophyta (Golden algae and Diatoms)
Cyanophyta (blue-green algae)
• Only prokaryotic algae• Has chlorophyll a and phycobilins
(phycocyanin -blue-green color pigments)
• Some are nitrogen fixers – contain a heterocysts N2 fixation occurs
Some are toxic
• Examples of members of Cyanophyta:Anabaena or Microcystis
Chlorophyta (green algae)
• Are eukaryotic • Have chlorophyll a and chlorophyll
b pigments • It is believed they are the
ancestors of higher plants Examples:
Spirogyra, Pediastrum, and Volvox
Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates)
• Are also eukaryotic
• Have chlorophylls a and c and xanthophylls pigments
Example:
Ceratium
Chlorophyll
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
-2 3 8 13 18 23 28 33 38 43
Chlorophyll (micrograms/L)
Dep
th (
m)
Arbutus
Catlin
Green
Oneida
Onondaga
Wolf
Phytoplankton Distribution in Arbutus Lake
Phtoplankton Distribution in Arbutus Lake (EPI)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Stynura
Mallamonas
Microcystis
Dinobryon
Phytoplankton Distribution in Arbutus Lake (META)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Chlamydomonas
Phytoplankton Distribution in Catlin Lake
Phytoplankton Distribution in Catlin Lake (EPI)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tabellaria
Asterionella
Large round Green algae
Pleodorina
Staurastrum
Ceratium
Pediastrum
Phytoplankton Distribution in Catlin Lake (HYPO)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tabellaria
Asterionella
Large round Green algae
Phtoplankton Distribution in Catlin Lake (META)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tabellaria
Asterionella
Large round Green algae
Phytoplankton Distribution in Green Lake
Phytoplankton Distribution in CHEMO layer of Green Lake
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Synura
Cyanobacteria
•There were many cyanobacteria but only one synura in the Chemo layer
•Phytoplankton was not found in the other layers
Phytoplankton Distribution in Oneida Lake
Phytoplankton distribution in Oneida Lake (EPI)
05
101520253035404550556065707580859095
Aulacosira
microcystis
small flagellates
phytoplankton Distribution in Oneida Lake (META)
05
101520253035404550556065707580859095
aulacosira
microcystis
mallanomous
small flagellates
Phytoplankton Distribution in Oneida Lake (HYPO)
05
101520253035404550556065707580859095
Aulacosira
Acinastrum
microcystis
• Aulacosira dominated meta and hypo but small flagellates dominated the epi
Phytoplankton Distribution in Onondaga Lake
Phytoplankton Distribution in Onondaga Lake (META)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
LGRB
Microcystis
Bacillariophyceae
Chlamydomonas
Chrysophaceae
Phytoplankton distribution in Onondaga (HYPO)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
LGRB
Microcystis
Bacillariophyceae
Chlamydomonas
Chrysophaceae
Phytoplankton Distribution in Onondaga Lake (EPI)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
LGRB
Microcystis
Bacillariophyceae
Chlamydomonas
Chrysophaceae
Microcystis dominated all layers.LGRB was found along with microcystis in all layers
Arbutus Lake A Comparison of Divisions
Chrysophyta
Chlorophyata Chrysophyta
Chlorophyata
Green Lake A comparison of divisions
Chrysophyta
cyanobacteria
Chrysophyta
cyanobacteria
Onondaga Lake A comparison of divisions
Chlorophyta
Cyanophyta
Dinoflagellata
Chrysophyta
Chlorophyta
Cyanophyta
Dinoflagellata
Chrystophyta
Catlin Lake A comparison of divisions
Chrysophytachlorophyta
DinoflagellataChrysophyta
chlorophyta
Dinoflagellata
Oneida Lake A comparison of divisions
Cyanophyta
Dinoflagellata
ChrystophytaChlorophyta
Chlorophyta
Cyanophyta
Dinoflagellata
Chrystophyta