PIGMENT PRINTING OF COTTON
Prof. R. B. CHAVAN
INSTITUTE OF TEXTILES
BAHIR DAR UNIVERSITY, BAHIR DAR
ETHIOPIA
Formerly : Dept. of Textile Technology
Indian institute of technology, New Delhi, India
E-mail. [email protected]
PIGMENT PRINTINGPIGMENT PRINTING
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DYE AND PIGMENTDIFFERENCE BETWEEN DYE AND PIGMENT
PIGMENTPIGMENT
NO AFFINITY TO FIBRENO AFFINITY TO FIBRE
INSOLUBLE IN WATERINSOLUBLE IN WATER
NEED BINDER FOR FIXATION ONTO FIBRENEED BINDER FOR FIXATION ONTO FIBRE
DYEDYE
AFFININTY TO FIBREAFFININTY TO FIBRE
WATER SOLUBLE OR CAN BE MADE WATER WATER SOLUBLE OR CAN BE MADE WATER SOLUBLE. EXCEPTION DISPERSE DYESOLUBLE. EXCEPTION DISPERSE DYE
HELD ON FIBRE DYE-FIBRE INTERACTIVE FORCESHELD ON FIBRE DYE-FIBRE INTERACTIVE FORCES
BINDERBINDER
IT IS PRE-POLYMER AVAILABLE IN THE IT IS PRE-POLYMER AVAILABLE IN THE FORM OF AQUESOUS EMULSION (MILK FORM OF AQUESOUS EMULSION (MILK LIKE SOLUTION)LIKE SOLUTION)
CHEMICAL NATURECHEMICAL NATURE
COPOLYMER OF STYRENE-BUTYL COPOLYMER OF STYRENE-BUTYL ACRYLATE-N-METHYLOL ACRYL AMIDE ACRYLATE-N-METHYLOL ACRYL AMIDE
MECHANISM OF BINDINGMECHANISM OF BINDING
SEQUENCESEQUENCE
PRINT > DRY > CURE (DRY HEAT)PRINT > DRY > CURE (DRY HEAT)
DURING CURING: BINDER POLYMERISES AND DURING CURING: BINDER POLYMERISES AND FORMS A STRONG FILMFORMS A STRONG FILM
BINDER FILM EMBEDES PIGMENT COLOUR AND BINDER FILM EMBEDES PIGMENT COLOUR AND ALSO STRONGLY ADHARES TO THE FIBREALSO STRONGLY ADHARES TO THE FIBRE
CHOICE OF THICKENERCHOICE OF THICKENER
CONVENTIONAL THICKENER USED FOR DYE CONVENTIONAL THICKENER USED FOR DYE PRINTING ARE NOT SUITABLEPRINTING ARE NOT SUITABLE
THEY INTERACT WITH BINDER AND REDUCE ITS THEY INTERACT WITH BINDER AND REDUCE ITS INTERATION WITH FIBRE. THUS AFFECTING THE INTERATION WITH FIBRE. THUS AFFECTING THE FASTNESS PROPERTIESFASTNESS PROPERTIES
SUITABLE THICKENERSSUITABLE THICKENERS
EMULSION THICKENER – ZERO SOLID CONTENT EMULSION THICKENER – ZERO SOLID CONTENT THICKENERTHICKENER
SYNTHETIC THICKENER - VERY LOW SOLID SYNTHETIC THICKENER - VERY LOW SOLID CONTENT THICKENER CONTENT THICKENER
EMULSION THICKENEREMULSION THICKENER
OBTAINED BY EMULSIFICATION OF TWO OBTAINED BY EMULSIFICATION OF TWO IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS WITH THE HELP OF IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS WITH THE HELP OF EMULSIFIEREMULSIFIER
TWO TYPESTWO TYPES
OIL-IN-WATER EMULSIONOIL-IN-WATER EMULSION
WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONWATER-IN-OIL EMULSION
COMMONLY USED IS OIL-IN-WATER COMMONLY USED IS OIL-IN-WATER
PREPARATION OF OIL-IN-WATER PREPARATION OF OIL-IN-WATER EMULSIONEMULSION
BINDERBINDER 100 PARTS100 PARTS
WATERWATER 100-150 PARTS100-150 PARTSEMULSIFIEREMULSIFIER 20 PARTS20 PARTSUREAUREA 20 PARTS20 PARTSCMC (4-6% PASTE)CMC (4-6% PASTE) 10 PARTS10 PARTSKEROSENE OIL ORKEROSENE OIL OR 750-800 PARTS750-800 PARTSMINERAL TURPENTINE MINERAL TURPENTINE OILOILVERY SLOW ADDITION OF OILVERY SLOW ADDITION OF OILCONTINUOUS HIGH SPEED STIRRINGCONTINUOUS HIGH SPEED STIRRING
EMULSIFIER: REDUCE SURFACE ENERGY BETWEEN OIL AND WATEREMULSIFIER: REDUCE SURFACE ENERGY BETWEEN OIL AND WATERUREA: HYGROSCOPIC AGENT, MINIMIZE WATER EVAPORATION IN UREA: HYGROSCOPIC AGENT, MINIMIZE WATER EVAPORATION IN CONTINUOUS PHASECONTINUOUS PHASECMC: PROTECTIVE COLLOIDCMC: PROTECTIVE COLLOID
EMULSION THICKENEREMULSION THICKENER
MERITSMERITS
IDEAL FOR PIGMENT PRINTINGIDEAL FOR PIGMENT PRINTING
DEMERITSDEMERITS
INFLAMMABLE- FIRE HAZARDSINFLAMMABLE- FIRE HAZARDS
AIR POLLUTIONAIR POLLUTION
HIGH COSTHIGH COST
FABRIC SMELL DUE TO RESIDUAL K.OIL OR FABRIC SMELL DUE TO RESIDUAL K.OIL OR MTO. NOT ACCEPTABLE IN EXPORT MTO. NOT ACCEPTABLE IN EXPORT MARKETMARKET
SYNTHETIC THICKENERSYNTHETIC THICKENER
CHEMICAL NATURECHEMICAL NATURE
HIGH MOL.Wt. COPOLYMERS OF ACRYLIC HIGH MOL.Wt. COPOLYMERS OF ACRYLIC OR METHACRYLIC ACIDOR METHACRYLIC ACID
HAVE FREE –COOH GROUPS ON HAVE FREE –COOH GROUPS ON POLYMERIC CHAINS WHICH PLAY IMP. POLYMERIC CHAINS WHICH PLAY IMP. ROLE IN VISCOSITY BUILD UPROLE IN VISCOSITY BUILD UP
TRADE PRODUCTS: AQUEOUS EMULSION, TRADE PRODUCTS: AQUEOUS EMULSION, ACID pHACID pH
CONCENTRATION FOR PRINTABLE CONCENTRATION FOR PRINTABLE VISCOSIT 1-2%VISCOSIT 1-2%
MECHANISM OF THICKENINGMECHANISM OF THICKENING
SYNTHETIC THICKENER IN ACID FORMSYNTHETIC THICKENER IN ACID FORM
WATER INSOLUBLE, LOW VISCOSITY, NON-IONIZED –COOH WATER INSOLUBLE, LOW VISCOSITY, NON-IONIZED –COOH GROUPSGROUPS
SYNTHETIC THICKENER IN NEUTRIZED FORMSYNTHETIC THICKENER IN NEUTRIZED FORM
WATER SOLUBLE, SWELLABLE, HIGH VISCOSITYWATER SOLUBLE, SWELLABLE, HIGH VISCOSITY
IONIZED –COOH GROUPSIONIZED –COOH GROUPS
SYNTHETIC THICKENERSYNTHETIC THICKENER
MERITSMERITS
NO AIR POLLUTIONNO AIR POLLUTION
NO RISK OF FIRE AND EXPLOSIONNO RISK OF FIRE AND EXPLOSION
NO SPECIAL STORAGE REQUIREMENTSNO SPECIAL STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
NO FABRIC SMELLNO FABRIC SMELL
DEMERITSDEMERITS
ELECTRLYTE SENSITIVITYELECTRLYTE SENSITIVITY
SLIGHTLY DULL PRINTS AND HARSH SLIGHTLY DULL PRINTS AND HARSH FABRIC FEELFABRIC FEEL
LONGER DRYING TIMELONGER DRYING TIME
PREPARATION OF THICKENER PREPARATION OF THICKENER PASTEPASTE
BINDERBINDER 100 PARTS100 PARTS
WATER WATER 80-890 PARTS80-890 PARTS
SYNTH. THICKENERSYNTH. THICKENER 10-20 PARTS10-20 PARTS
LIQUOR AMMONIALIQUOR AMMONIA TO pH 8TO pH 8
PRINT PASTE COMPOSITIONPRINT PASTE COMPOSITION
PIGMENT COLOURPIGMENT COLOUR X PARTSX PARTS
THICKENER PASTETHICKENER PASTE TO MAKE 1000 PARTSTO MAKE 1000 PARTS
DIAMM. PHOSPHATEDIAMM. PHOSPHATE 10 PARTS10 PARTS
MELAMINE FORMALDEHYDE 10 PARTSMELAMINE FORMALDEHYDE 10 PARTS
SEUENCESEUENCE
PRINT > DRY > CURE AT 140-150PRINT > DRY > CURE AT 140-1500 0 C FOR 4-5 C FOR 4-5 MIN. MIN.
NO WASHNO WASH
MERITS AND DEMERITSMERITS AND DEMERITS
PRACTICALLY ALL TYPES OF FIBRES AND BLENDS PRACTICALLY ALL TYPES OF FIBRES AND BLENDS CAN BE PRINTEDCAN BE PRINTED
PIGMENT COLOURS CAN BE READILY MIXED WITH PIGMENT COLOURS CAN BE READILY MIXED WITH EACH OTHER TO GET QUICK SHADE MATCHINGEACH OTHER TO GET QUICK SHADE MATCHING
NO AFTER TREATMENT SUCH AS WASHING, NO AFTER TREATMENT SUCH AS WASHING, SOAPING REQUIREDSOAPING REQUIRED
DEMERITSDEMERITS
HARSH FABRIC FEEL DUE TO BINDER FILMHARSH FABRIC FEEL DUE TO BINDER FILM
LOW RUBBING FASTNESSLOW RUBBING FASTNESS