piledrivingequipmentpresentation-140314113211-phpapp01

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FOUNDATION AND PILE DRIVIN

G EQUIPMENTS


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Foundation

A foundation is the lowest and supporting layer of a structure

divided into two categories:

shallow foundationsand deep foundations.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_structurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_structure


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Shallow foundations

o Shallow foundations, often called footings, are usuall

y embedded about a metre or so into soil.

Spread footing which consists of strips or pads of concrete,transfer the weight from walls and columns to the soil

Slab-on-grade foundation where the weight of the building is

transferred to the soil through a concreteslab placed at thesurface.

reinforced mat slabs, which range from 25 cm to several metres t

hick, depending on the size of the building
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil


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Shallow foundation construction example


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Deep foundationso Deep foundationis used to transfer the load down throu

gh the upper weak layer of topsoil to the stronger layer of su

bsoil below.

o eep footings including impact driven piles, drilled shafts, ca

issons, helical piles, geo-piers and earth stabilized columns.

o !istorically, piles were wood, later steel, reinforced concrete,

and pre-tensioned concrete
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestressed_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestressed_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood


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Monopile foundation

o

" monopile foundationis a type ofdeep foundation

o #hich uses a single, generally large-diameter, str

uctural element embedded into the earth to support allthe loads $weight, wind, etc.% of a large above-surface

structure.

o

" large number of monopile foundations have beenutilized in recent years for economical construction
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundation


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Design

o

&he primary design concerns are settlementandbearing capacity.

o #hen considering settlement, total settlement and

differential settlement is normally considered.

o ifferential settlement is when one part of a foundation

settles more than another part.

o &his can cause problems to the structure the foundationis supporting.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidation_(soil)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearing_capacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearing_capacityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidation_(soil)


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ile driving Equipment

o " pile driveris a mechanical deviceo 'sed to drive piles $poles% into soil to provide

foundationsupport for buildings or other structures.

o (ne traditional type of pile driver includes a heavy

weight placed between guides so that it is able to freely slide up and down in a single line.

o &he weight is raised, which may involve the use of

hydraulics, steam, diesel, or manual labour.

o #hen the weight reaches its highest point it is the

n released and smashes into the ground.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_(architecture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_enginehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_powerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foundation_(architecture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_foundation


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rane with apile driver


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quipment consist of:

)ile driving hammer

)ile driver

"ccessory &ools


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Types

"ncient pile driving e*uipment used manual or animal labor to lift heavy weights, usually by mean

s of pulleys, to drop the weight onto the end of th

e pile.

+odern pile driving e*uipment uses various met

hods to raise the weight and guide the pile
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulleyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulleys


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Diesel hammer" iesel hammers impact compression, impact and e

plosion energy to the pile

% aise the piston to start

2% /n0ection of diesel fuel and compression

1%/mpact and eplosion

%3haust ports eposed and gases escape.

5%raws fresh air through the ehaust ports.


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Vertical Travel Lead Systems

o eveloped in response to the fundamental limitations of either a fied l

ead or swinging lead system.

o &he fied lead system is well suited to level 0ob sites with few obstructi

ons and has the advantage of faster positioning of the lead.

o &he hanging lead is very adaptable to different elevations and batter pi

les but takes much longer to position.

o &he 4ertical &ravel ead was developed to combine the fast and accu

rate positioning of fied leads, with the ability to ad0ust the height of thelead base up or down.

o &he 4& is connected to the boom by a sliding connection, which allo

ws the lead to be elevated or lowered below grade.


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o4ertical &ravel eads come in two main forms6 Spud and 7o

ead types.

Vertical Travel Leads


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)ile !ammer&o furnish the energy re*uired to drive a pile. )ile driving ha

mmers are designated by type and size

&he hammer types commonly used include the following6

oSingle-acting stream or compressed air

orop

oouble-acting stream or compressed air

oifferential-acting stream or compressed air

o

ieselo!ydraulic

o4ibratory drivers


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Hydau!i" #a$$e

o Modern type of piling hammer

o Used in place of diesel and air hammers for driving steelpipe, precast concrete, and timber piles.

o More environmentally acceptable than the older, less efficient hammers as they generate less noise and pollutants.

o

ominant noise is caused by the impact of the hammeron the pile
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete


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Hydraulic press-ino Specialty e*uipment which installs piles using hydraulic rams to press

piles into the ground.

o )referred where vibration is a concern.

o &here are press attachments that can adapt to conventional pile

driving rigs to press 2 pairs of sheet piles at a time.

o "dditional types of press e*uipment sit on top of eisting sheet

piles and grip onto previously driven piles.

o "llows for greater press-in and etraction force to be used sincemore reaction force is developed.

o &he reaction based machines operate at only 89d7 at 21 ft

allowing for installation and etraction of piles.


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steel sheet pile being hydraulically pressed


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Vibratory pile driver/etractor

o esigned in such a way that horizontal vibrations cancel out, while vertic

al vibrations are transmitted into the pile.

o &he pile driving machine is lifted and positioned over the pile by means

of an ecavator or crane

o 4ibratory hammers can either drive in or etract a pile

o !ydraulic fluidis typically supplied to the driver by a diesel engine power

ed pump mounted in a trailer or van and connected to the driver head thr

ough a set of long hoses.

o !ammers are available with several different vibration rates, ranging fro

m about 2:: vibrations per minute to about 2:: 4)+
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_fluidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_fluid


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vibratory pile driver powered by a diesel engine


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!iling rigo !iling rigis a construction machine for piling in foundation engineeri

ng.

o +ainly applied to drill in sandy soil, clay, silty clay, etc.

o widely used cast-in-place piles, diaphragm walls, foundation reinforceme

nt and other foundation pro0ects.

o power of engine is around :;


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!unttan purpose"built

piledriving rig

o easy and comfortable to control.

o mainly used in foundation engineering of municipal construction,

epressway, bridge, industrial and civil buildings, diaphragm wall, waterconservancy pro0ect, Slope protection, etc.


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% middle-sized < tor*ue is around 2:.m, engine pow

er 25


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THANK YOU.

Date post:	23-Feb-2018
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