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PILOT STUDY: Meaning &
importance, LIBRARYRESEARCH, ADVANTAGES& DISADVANTAGES OFSECONDARY RESEARCH
Presented byEeba AfsarBBM 5th Semester
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CONTENTS
IMPORTANCE OF PILOT STUDY
LIBRARY RESEARCH
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES OFSECONDARY RESEARCH
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PILOT STUDY
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INTRODUCTION
You never test the depth of a river withboth feet
It is a small scale preliminary studyconducted before the main research, inorder to check the feasibility or toimprove the design of the research
Used in two different ways in socialscience research- feasibility studieswhich are "small scale version[s], or
trial runs
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REASONS FORCONDUCTING PILOT
STUDIES Process- Feasibility of the steps that
need to take place
Research- Time and budget problemsthat can occur
Management- Potential human and data
optimization problems Scientific- Tools of analysis
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CRITERIA FOR SUCCESS
Stop - main study not feasible;
Continue, but modify protocol - feasiblewith modifications;
Continue without modifications, butmonitor closely - feasible with closemonitoring and
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PROCEDURES TOIMPROVE THE INTERNAL
VALIDITY OF AQUESTIONNAIRE Administer the questionnaire to pilotsubjects in exactly the same way as it
will be administered in the main study Ask the subjects for feedback to identify
ambiguities and difficult questions
Record the time taken to complete thequestionnaire and decide whether it isreasonable
Discard all unnecessary, difficult orambi uous uestions
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Assess whether each question gives anadequate range of responses
Establish that replies can be interpretedin terms of the information that isrequired
Check that all questions are answered Re-word or re-scale any questions that
are not answered as expected
Shorten, revise and, if possible, pilot
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IMPORTANCE OF PILOTSTUDY
Crucial element of a good researchdesign
Conducting a pilot study does notguarantee success in the main study,
but it does increase the likelihood.
It is a potentially valuable insight and
should anything be missing in the pilot
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It permits preliminary testing of thehypotheses that leads to testing more
precise hypotheses in the main study
Provides the researcher with ideas,
approaches, and clues you may nothave foreseen before conducting thepilot study
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The researcher may try out a number of
alternative measures and then selectthose that produce the clearest results
Especially for students: mastersresearch may sometimes serve as apilot study for later research to be
carried out as part of a doctoralro ram
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Developing and testing adequacy ofresearch instruments
Assessing the feasibility of a (full-scale)study/survey
It helps in establishing whether thesampling frame and technique areeffective
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Resources (finance, staff) are neededfor a planned study
Assessing the proposed data analysistechniques to uncover potential
problems
Training a researcher in as many
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LIBRARY RESEARCH
Library research is a type of researchdesign based on periodicals, journals
and other secondary data. It is mainly acompilation of information.
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LIBRARY RESEARCHMETHODS
Keyword searches in online andprint sources
Subject searches in online andprint sources
Citation searches in printed
sourcesSearches through published
bibliographies
Searches through people sources:
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MAKING EFFECTIVELIBRARY RESEARCH
PLANNING LIBRARY RESEARCH
THE LIBRARY RESEARCH PROCESS
USING RESOURCES
REFERENCING AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
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PLANNING LIBRARYRESEARCH
Necessary to contact the libraries inadvance in order to be prepared for the
requirements you need to fulfill.This will save you time, expense andeffort.
You can use the library catalogue tosearch for materials held by a particularlibrary
The library staff is happy to answer
enquiries and provide training in using
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THE LIBRARY RESEARCHPROCESS
Analyze the research subject
Identify research tools and collections to
use Locate and obtain resources
Read and evaluate
Keep records
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USING RESOURCES:
Locating
Searching
Accessing
Evaluating
REFERENCING AND
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REFERENCING ANDBIBLIOGRAPHY
Include a reference when you quote or
paraphrase from another work in your
research using a footnote, an endnoteor an in-text reference
In your bibliography you should includeall the works (in whatever format) thatyou have used or have contributed toyour research
The MHRA system is a bibliographic
system commonly used in the
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SECONDARYRESEARCH
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INTRODUCTION
Secondary research refers to any datagathered for one purpose by one partyand then put to a second use by ormade to serve the purpose of a secondparty.
Broadest and most diffuse data
collection tool
The closest thing to an all-purposeresearch tool
TYPES OF SECONDARY
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TYPES OF SECONDARYRESEARCH
INTERNAL: Internal secondary data
consist of information gatheredelsewhere within your organization.Examples: sales reports, customerdatabases, reports from past primarymarket research
EXTERNAL: Outside the organization.Examples: information gathered bygovernment agencies such as the
Census Bureau, information compiled
d t f d
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advantages of secondaryresearch
Ease of Access
Low Cost to acquire
Clarification of Research Question
May Answer Research Question
May Show Difficulties inConducting Primary Research
The objectivity of the outsideperspective
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Disadvantages ofsecondary research
Quality of Research
Not Specific to Researchers Needs
Incomplete Information
Not Timely
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THANK YOU