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Pine Family
Pine Family
Living Gymnosperm Phyla
Cycadophyta - Cycads
Gnetophyta - Gnetophytes
Ginkgophyta - Ginkgos
Conifers - Pinophyta or Coniferophyta
Differences between the Pine Family and Cypress Family
Pine Family • Woody seed cone• Cone bract present, free
from cone scale• Cone scales overlap• Leaves needle like
Cypress Family• Seed cone woody or berry
like• Cone bract fused with cone
scale• Cone scales don’t overlap• Leaves needle, awl or scale
like
Pines - genus Pinus of the family Pinaceae
• Most familiar of all conifers• About 90 species
Pine Leaves
• Needles produced in clusters (fascicles) of 1 to 5
Pines produce pollen cones and seeds cones
Pines
• Seed cones take two years to develop
• Umbo with or without prickle on each cone scale
• Cone scales overlap in seed cones
• Two seeds with wings on top of cone scale
Umbo on Cone Scale with pricklePonderosa Pine
Umbo without a prickleJapanese Black Pine
Pseudotsuga menziesiiDouglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesiiDouglas Fir
Seed Cone Pollen Cone
Pseudotsuga menziesiiDouglas Fir
• Cones develop in one year
• No umbo on cone scale• Bract is longer than
cone scale
True cedars—the genus Cedrusdeciduous, upright cones, needles clusters on
short side shoots
Cones of true cedars (Cedrus)
Female (young, green, on the left)
Male (brown, papery, on the right)
Mature cones of true cedar• All the cone
scales fall off, carrying the seeds away, leaving only the central axis (spike)
Atlas Cedar and Deodar Cedar
• Needles in clusters on short side shoots
• Cones develop each year, without a distinct umbo
• Seed cones are upright• Seed cones fall apart
when mature so seeds can disperse
Cypress Family
Differences between the Pine Family and Cypress Family
Pine Family • Woody seed cone• Cone bract present, free
from cone scale• Cone scales overlap• Leaves needle like
Cypress Family• Seed cone woody or berry
like• Cone bract fused with cone
scale• Cone scales don’t overlap• Leaves needle, awl or scale
like
Calocedrus decurrensIncense Cedar
Incense CedarScale leaves
Incense Cedar
• Seed cone woody and hangs down
• Cone scales in three pairs
• Middle cone scale fertile
• Produces 2 fertile seeds
Juniper
JuniperSeed cone fleshy, berry like
Juniper leavesAwl or Scale
Giant Sequoia
Giant SequoiaAwl leaves and woody seed cones
Coast Redwood
Coast Redwood
Sequoia sempervirens, coast redwoodLinear or awl-like leaves, small woody cones
Differences between the Pine Family and Cypress Family
Pine Family • Woody seed cone• Cone bract present, free
from cone scale• Cone scales overlap• Leaves needle like
Cypress Family• Seed cone woody or berry
like• Cone bract fused with cone
scale• Cone scales don’t overlap• Leaves needle, awl or scale
like
