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DESA PENGLIPURAN

Muhammad Fathin Juzar 8R

MADANIA Progressive Indonesian School

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents.I

Introduction.II

History.1

Village government structure2

Norms, rules and tradition3

Uniqueness..4

Religion/belief...5

Economic activity.6

Religion rituals/activity7

Village settlement..8

Protection to globalization...9

Development plan...10

Personal data..11

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Introduction

On Tuesday April 13, 2010, we visited the village Panglipuran, with the intention of

learning about anything related to this Penglipuran Village. Such as, history,

government structure, norms, customs, rules, uniqueness, religion or beliefs, and

many more. This village is a traditional village which is still beautiful and natural.

Thus, they live in harmony with nature, and respect for nature. This village is located

in the District Bangli, which is 45 km from Denpasar city. This village often visited

by tourists. It could be seen from the way they receive tourists, and they also allow us

to enter their yard which is divided in an orderly and neat. When we arrived in this

village, at first we were told to sit in an open space, It looks like an outdoormultipurpose room, with lots of musical instruments. I pay attention on the

surrounding of this village. This village still looks beautiful, naturally, and this

village has lots of trees. From this place, I could not see the houses citizens. Then

here, in the open space, we were explained lot of things about Panglipuran village by

the customary chief. We recorded and note all the important things he said. After that

session has finished, we were allowed to look around at this village. The village is

quite interesting. There is a big path in the middle, and the left and the right side are

filled by small houses owned by the residents of Penglipuran village. The house looks

similar to each other, it looks like the land area which is owned by every citizen has

the same area. Because it is placed tidy and orderly. At this village, there are many

dogs owned by the residents.At the end of the village, there is a large temple. We

could take some photo there. People at Penglipuran village is friendly and they allow

us to go into their yard. We ended up walking the streets, looking to and fro.

I think, this Bali trip is quite fun and interesting, yet there are many projects and

papers to do. We could see many things around Bali, including its beautiful beach

which makes us relax and forget about all of our problems.Overall, I enjoyed having

a trip in Bali, it is a nice way to combine study and having fun. But we should

manage our energy as well.

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History

Long time ago, the Penglipuran village is

called Payung gede customary/traditional

village. It is located about 35 kilometers

from the west of Mount Batur. Then, the

kings in the past move this village.

Actually, the beginning of this

Panglipuran Village began as a

traditional village or also can be called as

customary village (desa adat). This traditional village is a non formal institution

which is made since the day of old times. The motive to make this institution is from

the will to fight against Dutch rule which conquer them.

So the citizen with the same will gathered in one place. Then suddenly, the idea to

make this village appeared. They share idea and discuss with each other and finally,

at that moment, a village was made with a name of Pangelpure, which means

"remember on ancestral land".

As the time goes by, the name was changed into Penglipuran. Another opinion says

that "Penglipuran" derives from the word "Penglipur" which means "entertainer"

because at the time of the kingdoms, this place used as a resort. This place is

meaningful since their ancestors came from Buyung Gede village to Penglipuran

Buyung from quite far distance. People from Buyung gede to came to Jarak town

because they cooperate with each other. People from Bayung Gede have a special

skill which is used by many people in Jarak town. Therefore Penglipuran society

established the same temple as it existed Bayung Gede village. In this case means that

the community Penglipuran still know their origins.

Until now, the name of this village is Penglipuran. At 1993, the Penglipuran village is

open for public and used for tourist attraction.

Penglipuran Village

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Villagegovernment structure

The Penglipuran village government structure start from the biggest, until the lowest

is written below, Penglipuran village representatives currently about 70 people until

now. In government agencies (Pemerintahan dinas), there will be such thing as

regents, mayors, and others. But in the Government of customs (pemerintahan adat),

such as that used by the Penglipuran village, it will look like this (based on the

information I get from the interview):

1. Custom Village

2. Customary rule (Awig-awig)

3. Tebing Adat

4. Customary Secretary / treasurer

5. Murari

6. Sekelgo Prabung

7. Chef

8. Security SecretaryA customs government, stand alone. Which is different with the Government

agencies which is from the government itself. An Awig-awig is a rule of Bali people

which is written in Bali letters. This rule has the same purpose such as UUD 45. It

contain many rules and also the consequences if someone break the rule.

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Norms, Rules, and Tradition

There are some rules and norms that must be obeyed by the village society

Penglipuran. The community must maintain a good environment, because they live in

harmony with nature, and they appreciate nature. They should not be carelessly

disposed of garbage and sewage that pollute rivers. They also couldnt cut down any

trees at they own will. The name of a Forest in Penglipuran is named Baku. The

forest is quite clean and beautiful. They also couldnt dry the clothes in any place, for

example in front of the house. They must hold their tradition with strong feeling. The

rules and norms was written in Awig-Awig

One of the tradition (or also can be called rules/norms), if there is a pair of women

and men who will marry, the marriage will be conducted at the home of his wife. But

after they got married, then the wife should obey and follow what is done or said to

her husband. For example, in terms of residence, the wife followed the husband's

residence. Dowry which had been set in the Penglipuran village is cow, but now,

we've been able to replace it with chicken. Because maybe the cow was too expensive

to purchased for some people. In this village, no one are allowed to marry more thanonce, or in other words polygamy / polyandry. If that is violated, then the perpetrators

of polygamy / polyandry is transferred and sequestered in a house that has been

specially made. The perpetrators should not be out of specified limits. This method is

quite effective, because so far, the house was not occupied.

Another tradition is Ngaben. Some people think it is identical to burning of the

corpse. But actually it is not. Because in fact, the corpse can be buried like the people

in general. It is said that, if there is one dead, one head of cow should be cut. Bodies

that havent been Ngaben isnt able to mingle with their family. Because the purpose

of Ngaben is to purify the spirit.

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Uniqueness

Many unique things we can encounter in

Penglipuran. The first aspect I will discuss

is from the building first. Every

Penglipuran citizen houses have Angkul-

angkul which is a kind of gate in front of

the house every citizen. That's the entrance

to their homes. Patterns that exist in

Angkul may shown the characteristic or

pattern of each house. The houses in Penglipuran village is also uniform and similarto each other. This occurs because the average height of the same, nothing too flashy,

and it's all neat and orderly.Then, in every yard, there are more separated buildings

like Sanggah (place to pray), kitchen, Bale Sangkaran, and barns.

Then, apart from aspects of the building, there are something unique, this Penglipuran

village is a village which is a traditional village and a tourist place/attractions as well.

People in the village Penglipuran also friendly and welcoming and they are

accustomed to receiving tourists. There aremany other interesting things such as the

Penglipuran society dogs around the street.

There is a lot of dogs in Penglipuran

village. But those dog doesnt harm us, they

are tame and trained well.

And the other unique thing is Generally, Penglipuran villagers are Hindus, but they

may eat the cows. Actually in Hindus religion, they werent allowed to eat cow. The

village is also quite cool at the time I arrived there because it is situated 700 m above

sea level. And they also have many traditions, for example Ngaben. At last, the

society are nice and friendly. These things is unique in my opinion, and we can meet

it in the Penglipuran village.

Example of the pattern in Angkul-angkul

Many dogs roam at the path

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Religion/Belief

Religion Penglipuran villagers still follow the religion of their ancestors is an ancient

Balinese religion. In other words, means that the majority of them are Hindus. Thus,

they are still doing Hindu rituals such as Ngaben.

And including in their house construction, they still using the Hindu aspect. Although

the Penglipuran villages is currently modernizing the progress towards change but the

layout of housing in each family

still embraces the philosophy of

Tri Hita Karana. Which is a

philosophy of Hindu religion

which always maintain

harmonious relations between

man and man, man with the

environment, and human beings

with God. So, the shape of their

house can be a proof that their belief or their religion is Hindu.

And also at the end of the big path in the middle, we can

find a Hindu temple which is still used by the society of

Penglipuran village. But maybe, its just a majority of

religion in Penglipuran. It is still possible that people

with religion other than Hindu could stay at Penglipuran

village. The Hindu ritual in Penglipuran village can be

read completely at the next two chapter.

One of the citizen house in Penglipuran village

The Hindu temple In Penglipuran >>

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Economic activity

Most people's in Penglipuran village job are farming. Approximately 55% majority of

the society choose farming as their job. There are bamboo forests, agricultural crops,

dry crops like maize, cassava, coconut, coffee, chocolate, and others.

But it was only a majority of villagers Penglipuran. Of course not all of them do

farming activities.At this village, there is also people who choose breeding or ranch

as their work acties such as raising pigs, chickens, and cows. I even had time to see

directly the existing piggery or the Pig place in a villager's house Penglipuran.

The majority of Penglipuran village residents choose farming because the rainfall ratein Penglipuran village is high enough, that is a factor that supports plant growth. So,

many people who choose to farm.

Besides that, there are also a few other jobs that may be only a small percentage of

people in Penglipuran village or approximately 45% of trade, craftsmen, working on

the ship, bamboo craftsmen, artisans who create unique Balinese souvenirs-souvenirs.

Then the rest or the others,work as civil servants.

Penglipuran village also has several economic

institutions such as Koperasi, Kecangan

Institution, and the Village Credit Institutions

(LPD).

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Religion rituals or activity

Their Religious ceremonies is the Padcayana ceremony. In language, Yadna mean

five and Padca means a holy victim / genuine. So that the meaning of Padcayana is

five ceremonies which is held at Village Penglipuran related offerings on the basis of

genuine motives. Here are five of the ceremonies:

1. Dewayadna, ceremonial offerings made to God Almighty

2. Desiyadna, ceremonial offerings made to a holy man and guru

3. Tritayadnya, ceremonial offerings made to the ancestral spirits (Ngaben)

4. Puntayadnya, ceremonial offerings made to the object (ogoh-ogoh)

5. Maksayadnya, ceremonial offerings made to the human or people (wedding)

The description of one of the religion ceremony conducted by the Penglipuran village

society which I note is Ngaben. As I mentioned earlier, one of the Ngaben purpose is

to purify the spirit or the soul of a dead person. If the spirit has not been purified, then

the spirit cant mingle with his family.

Many people think that Ngaben is identical to the burning of corpse. But in fact, it is

not true. The custom leader (ketua adat) said that, Ngaben ceremony can be done by

burying the person like an ordinary person in general. But it is true that actually most

of corpse which is Ngaben is burned. That's what makes it unique, a burning ritual of

a corpse. Other than to be able to mingle with his family, another goal of Ngaben is to

make a person's body or physical body decompose and back into its constituent

elements. His body will be decomposed by the soil.

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Village settlement

This rural region has a regular arrangement of the traditional village structure, the

traditional order with lots of open space, blend with the parks of the society in Desa

Penglipuran which is still beautiful. As I said earlier also, the house neat and orderly.

All the homes look similar to each other. nothing too fancy or flashy. There were

about 75 yards in the village Penglipuran. There is a path that was in the middle, the

sides is filled with home of the residents in Penglipuran village. The path was like a

very long ladder which goes down. And also the material which build the citizen

house is uniform and similar to each other. It uses soil materials for the great wall

(Penyengker) and the gate of the house (angkul-angkul) and a roof of split bamboofor the entire village buildings. Topography of the village is arranged in such a way in

which the main village in the region have higher position and it goes down, down,

and so on, until to the downstream areas.

The Penglipuran village applied Trimandala concept, which means three sections /

places. Thus, in this concept, a village or a temple is divided into three parts or

places.

1.Utama Mandala, which is situated in the most northern, the most sacred places

among other places. This place is sacred because it is used to place prayers

2.Madya Mandala, which is to shelter the villagers Penglipuran

3. Nista mandala, which places the lowest position since this place is the most un-

sacred places. Because this place is usually filled graves.

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Protection to Globalization

The Penglipuran society doesnt refuse cultures which doesnt come from

Penglipuran village, but it doesnt mean that Penglipuran village accepts and opened

to all of the foreign culture. The foreign culture that they dont accept or they refuse

is the cultures which can or have a potential to harm or ruin the Penglipuran culture

or tradition.

So the point is, that the effect of foreign culture is allowed to come in to Penglipuran

village, at least it doesnt harm the Penglipuran village culture or tradition. To keepthat and maintain the rule and also the effect of globalization, the society of

Penglipuran village do suppression and religious discussion to decide which ones

should be rejected, which can be preserved. With the discussion, opinion from many

people is gathered and so they can unite the village would be better for the future.

The globalization effect which has give

certain effects to the society of

Penglipuran village can be seen when I

came there. I see that some of them

already have a cellular phone. And I got

an information that there are a few people

in Desa Penglipuran already have

television.

Illustration of Globalization

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Development plan

It seem that, in some time to come, or in the future, Penglipuran Village development

will not change significantly. Because, at this time, the settlement is full for about 10

hectares.

So it seems, it is difficult to be extended again. Maybe the change is only was just a

little added the houses and also repair the holy sites. Meanwhile, another

development that will continue to be cultivated from a variety of factors, such as

finance and wide area.

Penglipuran village, full of settlement and house

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Personal Data

My name is Muhammad Fathin Juzar and I am 14 years old until now. I was born at 5

November 1995. My school is in Madania Progressive Indonesian school. Right now, I sit at

grade 8 junior high school. At April 2010, I visit Bali and this paper I wrote is about one place

out of many places I visit in Bali which is Penglipuran village.

Email: mfj_unknown@hotmail.com

I am standin at Desa Pen li uran

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