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1 The Medicare Secondary Payer Act: What It Is and Why It Is Important to Your Professional Liability Claim __________________ Kevin Fisher – Assistant Vice President, Employment PracGces & Governmental Claims Allied World NaGonal Assurance Company P. David Brannon – Shareholder Carr Allison 2 Medicare Secondary Payer Act Medicare Secondary Payer Act (MSPA) – modernized in 1980 Medicare was given the right to recover condi?onal payments made to Medicare beneficiaries (condi?onal payment claimsor CPC) based on its status as a secondary payer– the payment source of last resort when any other en?ty could possibly be considered a primary payer Statute applies to workerscompensa?on, automobile or liability insurance, nofault insurance and selfinsurer A torJeasors carrier or group health plan becomes the primary payer responsible to pay before Medicare Two Significant Amendments – 2003 and 2007 The 2007 Amendments contained significant changes and place new obliga?ons on insurers and selfinsurers
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Page 1: PLAN MSP Presentation - May 2012 - 05.24.12dbcms.s3.amazonaws.com › media › files › ba91a83d-9ea5... · PLAN MSP Presentation - May 2012 - 05.24.12.ppt Author: Kimberly LaBounty

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The  Medicare  Secondary  Payer  Act:      

What  It  Is  and  Why  It  Is  Important  to  Your  Professional  Liability  Claim  

__________________    

Kevin  Fisher  –  Assistant  Vice  President,  Employment  PracGces  &  Governmental  Claims  Allied  World  NaGonal  Assurance  Company  

P.  David  Brannon  –  Shareholder  Carr  Allison  

 

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Medicare  Secondary  Payer  Act  v Medicare  Secondary  Payer  Act  (MSPA)  –  modernized  in  1980    v Medicare  was  given  the  right  to  recover  condi?onal  payments  

made  to  Medicare  beneficiaries  (“condi?onal  payment  claims”  or  “CPC”)  based  on  its  status  as  a  “secondary  payer”  –  the  payment  source  of  last  resort  when  any  other  en?ty  could  possibly  be  considered  a  primary  payer  

v Statute  applies  to  workers’  compensa?on,  automobile  or  liability  insurance,  no-­‐fault  insurance  and  self-­‐insurer  

v A  torJeasor’s  carrier  or  group  health  plan  becomes  the  primary  payer  -­‐  responsible  to  pay  before  Medicare  

v Two  Significant  Amendments  –  2003  and  2007  Ø  The  2007  Amendments  contained  significant  changes  and  place  new  

obliga?ons  on  insurers  and  self-­‐insurers    

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Two  Separate  Issues    v Repor?ng    

Ø Requirements  under  Sec?on  111  ü Responsible  Repor?ng  En??es  (“RREs”)  ü Determine  whether  a  claimant  is  en?tled  to  Medicare  benefits    ü Electronically  submit  claim  data  through  the  Coordina?on  of  Benefits  Secure  Website  

ü Repor?ng  is  done  quarterly  

v Payment  to  Medicare  Ø Under  exis?ng  MSP  provisions,  Medicare  can  recover  expenses  made  on  behalf  of  a  beneficiary  from  anyone  who  receives  the  seWlement  (plain?ff  or  plain?ffs’  counsel)  or  pays  the  seWlement  (seWling  defendants  and/or  their  insurers)  

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 Medicare’s  Right  to  Recover  

v Federal  law  takes  precedence  over  any  state  law  or  private  contract  

v Medicare’s  right  to  recover  is  not  limited  by  a  state  law  or  a  seWlement  agreement  between  the  par?es  

v Medicare’s  right  to  recover  is  always  paramount  to  any  other  en?ty’s  or  individual’s  rights  

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v  If  and  RRE  fails  to  report  a  claim,  it  can  be  subject  to  a  fine  up  to  $1,000.00  per  day,  per  claim  

v  If  Medicare  is  not  reimbursed  for  its  Condi?onal  Payment  Claim  (“CPC”),  it  may  assert  a  direct  cause  of  ac?on  for  double  damages,  plus  interest,  against:  Ø Primary  payer  Ø Beneficiary    Ø Provider    Ø Supplier    Ø Physician    Ø AWorney    Ø State  Agency    Ø Private  insurer  that  has  received  a  primary  payment  

ü Medicare's  prac?ce  manual  suggests  it  will  first  pursue  reimbursement  from  the  beneficiary,  but  how  and  when  Medicare  will  switch  to  pursue  recovery  from  the  primary  payer  is  not  clear  

Failure  to  Comply  

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What  Must  Be  Reported?  

v Repor?ng  Data  Elements  Ø Informa?on  on  Claimant  

ü The  “Big  5”  -­‐  Name,  Gender,  Birth  Date,  Health  Insurance  Claim  Number  (HICN)  and  Social  Security  Number  (if  known)  

Ø Informa?on  about  the  injury  ü Date  of  Incident  and  Venue  ü ICD-­‐9-­‐CM  (medical  diagnos?c  codes)  and  “E”  Codes  (external  causes  of  injury)    

Ø Informa?on  about  insurer  and  aWorneys  Ø Total  amount  of  payment  to  claimant  (even  if  you  are  splifng  the  payment  with  another  insurer  or  en?ty)    

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CMS  Model  Form  and  “Alert”  v Alert:    “Some  NGHP  repor?ng  en??es  have  advised  the  Centers  for  Medicare  &  Medicaid  Services  (CMS)  that  they  are  having  difficul?es  in  obtaining  either  the  HICN  or  SSN  from  some  claimants.  The  CMS  is  providing  the  aWached  model  language  (with  a  picture  of  a  Medicare  card),  to  assist  repor?ng  en??es  in  obtaining  this  informa?on  and  being  compliant  with  Sec?on  111.”  Ø hWp://www.cms.gov/MandatoryInsRep/Downloads/ALERTComplianceHICNSSNsNGHP082409.pdf    

v Model  Form:  Ø hWp://www.cms.gov/MandatoryInsRep/Downloads/NGHHICNSSNNGHPForm.pdf    

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Safe  Harbor?  v Per  the  August  24,  2009  CMS  Alert:  

Ø If  the  claimant  completes  sec?on  III  of  the  model  form  acknowledging  his  refusal  to  provide  Social  Security/  Medicare  Iden?fica?on  numbers,  CMS  will  consider  the  repor?ng  en?ty  to  be  in  compliance  with  its  Sec?on  111  requirements  ü Note:    This  “safe  harbor”  does  not  ex?nguish  poten?al  liability  for  non-­‐payment  of  Medicare  liens  down  the  road;  it  relates  only  to  repor?ng,  not  repayment  

v BUT  Ø   Alert  also  provides  that  the  “process  does  not  provide  a  “safe  harbor”  to  any  repor?ng  en?ty  aWemp?ng  to  use  it  to  avoid  repor?ng  MSP  data  about  an  individual  known  to  the  repor?ng  en?ty  to  be  a  Medicare  beneficiary”  ü Hard  for  our  clients  to  argue  that  they  had  no  knowledge  that  a  claimant  was  a  Medicare  beneficiary  

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CMS  Query  

v The  repor?ng  system  allows  the  RRE  to  send  an  electronic  query  to  CMS  in  order  to  determine  whether  a  claimant  is  a  Medicare  beneficiary  

v The  query  process  s?ll  requires  the  RRE  to  input  the  HICN  or  SSN,  name,  date  of  birth  and  gender  of  the  claimant  

Stay  Ac?ve  During  Course  of  the  Claim  v Determine  en?tlement  to  Medicare  early  in  the  claim    

Ø COBC  electronic  query  process  

v Know  that  en?tlement  to  Medicare  can  change  and  monitor  during  the  course  of  li?ga?on  up  to  claim  resolu?on  

v Obtain  the  “Big  5”  and  for  ini?al  query  and  necessary  demographic  informa?on  in  the  event  repor?ng  is  required  

v Ensure  Plain?ff’s  counsel  is  apprised  of  the  poten?al  for  repor?ng  and  cooperates  with  informa?on  sharing  

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Which  Claims  Get  Reported?  v  In  general,  RREs  must  report  a  seWlement,  judgment,  award  

or  “other  payment”  with  or  to  Medicare  beneficiaries  that  are  finalized  aoer  October  1,  2011,  and  liability  is  released  for  medical  expenses.    Ø  Repor?ng  du?es  arise  when  the  seWlement  agreement  is  signed  or  

approved  by  a  court  (if  necessary).    

v The  ongoing  responsibility  to  pay  Medicare  is  retroac?ve  to  July  1,  2009  

v Are  medicals  being  claimed?    Are  medicals  being  released?    

v Liability  is  irrelevant  –  look  to  the  terms  of  the  resolu?on.  

v There  are  stair-­‐stepped  thresholds  for  repor?ng  obliga?ons.  

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Medicare’s  Recovery  of  CPCs  v When  any  case  with  a  Medicare  beneficiary  seWles,  Medicare  must  be  

reimbursed  for  any  condi?onal  payment  it  has  made  

v  Therefore,  prior  to  se,lement  CPC  research  should  be  conducted  for  ALL  injuries  included  in  seWlement.      

v Obtaining  CPC  informa?on  can  take  some  ?me  and  is  not  part  of  the  repor?ng  process.    

v May  dispute  CPC  in  some  cases  if  treatment  is  undisputedly,  totally  unrelated.  However,  as  a  prac?cal  maWer,  if  codes  used  by  the  HCP  appear  to  relate  to  the  injury  in  ques?on,  there  may  be  less  chance  of  a  successful  challenge.        

v  CPC  demand  leWer  will  not  be  issued  un?l  Medicare  receives  copy  of  approved  seWlement  documents  

v  Payment  is  due  only  at  this  ?me  

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Thresholds  for  Total  Payment  of  Claims  (TPOC)  v Thresholds  applicable  based  on  dates  resolved  

Ø  TPOC  over  $100,000  occurring  on  or  aoer  October  1,  2011  –  must  be  reported  during  the  quarter  beginning  January  1,  2012  

Ø  TPOC  between  $50,000-­‐$100,000  occurring  on  or  aoer  April  1,  2012  –  must  be  reported  during  the  quarter  beginning  July  1,  2012  

Ø  TPOC  between  $25,000-­‐$50,000  occurring  on  or  aoer  July  1,  2012  –  must  be  reported  during  the  quarter  beginning  October  1,  2012  

Ø  All  TPOCs  between  $5,000-­‐$25,000  occurring  on  or  aoer  October  1,  2012  –  must  be  reported  during  the  quarter  beginning  January  1,  2013  

 

v Examples:  Ø  If  you  seWle  a  TPOC  for  $115,000  before  October  1,  2011,  you  are  not  required  

to  report  that  claim.  You  may  voluntarily  report,  but  mandatory  repor?ng  (and  the  penal?es  associated  therewith)  would  not  apply  un?l  you  seWled  that  $115,000  claim  on  or  aoer  October  1,  2011.    

Ø  If  you  seWle  a  TPOC  for  $115,000  on  or  aoer  October  1,  2011,  mandatory  repor?ng  occurs  no  later  than  the  submission  window  assigned  during  the  first  quarter  of  2012.  Penal?es  can  be  assessed  if  the  RRE  seWles  a  TPOC  of  $100,000  or  more,  on  or  aoer  October  1,  2011,  and  the  RRE  does  not  report  under  Sec?on  111  during  the  repor?ng  period  in  the  first  quarter  of  2012.    

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Professional  Liability  Scenarios  

v An  employee  brings  a  claim  alleging  sexual  harassment  and  wrongful  termina?on.    Prior  to  filing  suit,  the  employee  seeks  treatment  from  a  mental  health  professional  for  problems  that  allegedly  resulted  from  the  harassment  and  termina?on.    Is  the  claim  reportable?  Ø Impact  on  reportability  if  the  employee  had  been  receiving  treatment  prior  to  the  alleged  harassment?      

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Professional  Liability  Scenarios  

v A  lawyer  misses  the  statute  of  limita?ons  on  a  personal  injury  lawsuit.  The  client  files  a  legal  malprac?ce  claim  against  the  lawyer  and  seeks  the  full  measure  of  damages  she  would  have  received  but  for  the  missed  deadline.      Plain?ff  was  not  on  Medicare  at  the  ?me  of  the  injury  but  the  injury  involved  an  uncontroverted  trauma?c  brain  injury  and  went  on  Medicare  following  the  incident.    Is  the  claim  reportable?  Ø Impact  if  Plain?ff  was  clearly  brain-­‐injured  and  unable  to  work  but  was  not  accepted  for  Medicare  un?l  one  month  following  the  seWlement  

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Professional  Liability  Scenarios  v A  real  estate  broker  serving  as  a  property  manager  fails  to  

repair  a  known  latent  defect  and  a  tenant  is  injured.    The  tenant  is  already  a  Medicare  recipient.    The  tenant  sues  for  personal  injuries  alleging  professional  negligence.    Medicare  pays  all  of  the  medical  bills,  and  during  the  same  ?me  period,  pays  for  mul?ple  other  medical  procedures  arguably  unrelated  to  the  alleged  injuries.  The  tenant  also  sues  for  economic  damages  because  he  had  to  move  into  a  hotel  while  the  defec?ve  condi?on  was  repaired.  

 Plain?ff  sues  and  the  professional  liability  carrier  defends  under  a  reserva?on  of  rights  alleging  that  personal  injuries  and  medical  bills  are  not  “damages”  under  the  policy.    The  carrier  seWles  the  case  for  a  significantly  compromised  sum,  and  less  than  the  total  amount  Plain?ff  claimed  in  medical  expenses.  Ø  Is  the  claim  reportable?    Ø What  is  reportable  and  what  can  be  recovered  by  Medicare?  

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Poten?al  for  Specialty  Lines  Excep?on  v During  the  April  24,  2012  Town  Hall  Mee?ng  Discussion  

there  was  no  men?on  of  a  Specialty  Lines  Excep?on  for  specialty  lines  claims,  such  as  EPL,  D&O,  et  al.  

 v Such  claims  typically  contain  broad  releases  covering  

poten?al  personal  injury/emo?onal  injury  even  in  the  absence  of  allega?ons  in  the  ini?al  claim  or  evidence  of  same  during  suit.  

 v It  was  an?cipated  CMS  may  make  it  clear  that  releases  

for  such  claims  that  contain  broad  language,  in  the  absence  of  actual  claims  or  evidence  of  such  damage,  can  be  exempted  from  repor?ng.  

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SeWling  the  Case    

v Again,  compliance  with  Sec?on  111  does  not  eliminate  poten?al  liability  to  Medicare  for  repayment  of  benefits  

 v How  do  we  protect  our  clients  and  ourselves?    v SeWlement  agreements  

Ø If  the  claimant  will  likely  need  future  treatment  related  to  the  alleged  injuries,  the  par?es  might  consider  designa?ng  an  adequate  sum  in  the  Release  to  cover  future  medical  expenses  

Ø Seek  indemnifica?on  agreement  from  claimant  

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SeWling  the  Case  and  Payment  Methods:  Protec?ng  Medicare  and  Protec?ng  Ourselves  

 Various  SeWlement  Payment  Op?ons:  

v  Op?on  A  -­‐  Ø  Obtain  signed  release  and  hold  the  money  pending  receipt  of  final  demand  Ø  Pay  the  final  demand  and  release  the  balance  to  Plain?ff  

v  Op?on  B  –    Ø  Agree  with  Plain?ff  that  funds  will  be  held  in  trust  pending  receipt  and  

payment  of  final  payment  demand  Ø  Obtain  copies  of  claim  sa?sfac?on  documents  (note  these  may  be  inconsistent  

and  not  ?mely)  Ø  Allow  early  distribu?on  of  procurement  costs  only  (aWorney  fees  and  costs)  

v  Op?on  C  –  Ø  Cut  check  for  CPC  to  Medicare  Ø  Hold  back  release  check  for  balance  to  plain?ff  

v  Op?on  D  –  Ø  Send  en?re  seWlement  check  to  plain?ff  and  u?lize  acceptable  release  

language  

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Medicare  Set-­‐Asides  v Medicare  Set-­‐aside  (MSA)  is  money  for  future  medical  expenses  

related  to  a  specific  accident  or  injury  v  Neither  MSPA  nor  any  other  legisla?on  makes  MSAs  an  absolute  

requirement  in  any  case.  v MSAs  are  the  best  and  perhaps  only  way  to  show  that  Medicare’s  

interests  were  adequately  considered/protected  at  ?me  of  seWlement  

v  CMS  recommends  MSAs  in  workers’  compensa?on  cases  with  Medicare  beneficiaries  when  future  medical  benefits  are  closed  

v  Liability  cases  are  handled  differently  v  There  is  no  formal  CMS  review  process  in  the  liability  arena  as  there  

is  for  worker’s  compensa?on  v When  the  liability  is  large  enough  or  other  unusual  facts  exist  

within  the  case,  the  CMS  Regional  Office  may  review  the  seWlement  and  help  make  a  determina?on  on  the  amount  to  be  available  for  future  services.  Regional  offices  have  informal,  ooen  changing  thresholds      

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Issues  Regarding  SeWling  Future  Medicals  in  Liability  Claims  

v Vague  statute  leads  to  open  ques?ons  v CMS  handout  places  an  obliga?on  on  defense  counsel  and  the  insurer  to  determine  whether  a  seWlement  funds  future  medicals  Ø If  the  seWlement  funds  future  medicals  

ü No?fy  opposing  counsel  ü Document  the  file  showing  no?fica?on  

v BoWom  line  is  that  you  must  protect  Medicare’s  interest  

v Populate  the  release  with  language  regarding  no?ce  and  belief  regarding  future  medicals  

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