PLANNING AN ECODISTRICT: Integration of Critical Infrastructure Proposed for the Commune of

The City College of New York, City University of New York 2012

1

forward

The not-for-pro t Global Energy Model Institute (GEMi), www.globalenergymodel.org, works with developing nations to implement decentralized, low-carbon, cleaner energy systems with proven reliability and resiliency in order to promote self-suf ciency, economic growth, local control and affordability with environmental and cultural protection over the long-term.

The Ecodistrict represents a powerful idea for sustainable development. The CCNY

had been devastated by the earthquake. The integration of sectors necessary for successfully realizing this concept showcases both the strengths of GEM and the Sustainability Masters program. As an interdisciplinary project, the students had to work in groups with multiple specialities to develop projects outside their scope of expertise. The collaborative spirit of GEM is showcased in the work of the students. While GEM

exercise only, not intended for implementation.

Daniel E. LemonsCEO, Global Energy Model Institute

Special thanks to CCNY Professor Michael Piasecki for his support

Students: Maria Bueno Rosas, Nuri Celikgil, Steven Cummings, Jie Gu, Julia Ivleva, Priya Kacker, Dania Khan, Danish Kinariwala, Heather Korb, Jessica Mauricio, Ariel Miara, Lisa Morasco, Ayan Owens, Ana Pena, Daniel Plaat, Christopher Sedita, Caleb Stratton, Artemis Velivasaki

Teaching Assistants: Miriam Ward, Caleb StrattonProfessor Hillary Brown FAIA

Hillary Brown, Miriam Ward, editors

SUS 7400 A Case Studies in Sustainability Spring 2012The City College of New York, CUNY

Issued September 1, 2012 All Rights Reserved © 2012

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table of contents

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background

project information

overview: integrated upland infrastructure

renewable energy generation and micro-grids

wind turbine energy solar photovoltaic energy

pumped-storage hydroelectric energy

river stabilization

habitat and biodiversity restoration at the rouyonne and momance river deltas

storm water management, fl ood mitigation and top soil stabilization

riparian buffers: habitat and biodiversity restoration along the rouyonne andmomance rivers

permaculture ecovillage

integrated service infrastructure overview

node 1: community hub

node 2: town square

node 3: nursing school campus

node 4: upland rural node

node 5: intermodal hub

node 6: road improvements and transfer station

node 7: eco-industrial park

citations and attributions

3

background

This Case Studies in Sustainabilitywhich was at the epicenter of the devastating January 2010 earthquake. With 70% of the buildings destroyed and basic infrastructure systems damaged, the innovative approaches envisioned by the students, inspired by the Global Energy Model (GEM), show how critical public services might be restored or established anew. Many of these systems would be collocated to capture potential synergies across the sectors of energy, waste, water, sanitation, transportation, agriculture, ood control and habitat restoration.

plain ofand into the sea. The electrigrid. Energy base load energy is supplied by an upland hydro-pumped storage driven by wind and solar farms, a system with designed-in redundancies. This autonomous power system supports new industry and reduces/eliminates dependence on imported fossil fuel. Multiple energy delivery points are located to support local civic functions (community centers, town market and town center) with collocated internet cafes, water services and a waste collection system. These services will be linked by a network of newly paved roads. Collection of organic ( eld and kitchen) and plastic waste will be incentivized through rebates at small local stations and delivered to a waste processing site at an eco-industrial park attached to an existing sugar mill. Here an industrial sized biodigestor produce biogas for back-up generation and other uses, with organic fertilizer as by-product.

River stabilization with ood control relies on local materials to restructure eroding banks, provide irrigation channels for farming, capture peak ows upland for additional micro-hydro power generation and remediate hazardous ooding conditions from tropical rain events. Riparian buffering will reinvigorate marginal areas while agriculture, agroforestry, aquaculture, irrigation and new rural settlements (arranged according to the

and hydrology. These village areas foster biodiversity, habitat, crops, food and biofuel energy in an area of depleted natural resources.

Haiti Overview

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project information

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Integration of Critical Infrastructure Overview

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problem !&%)-.4(.%4%'&)4'%3&;.-%/-#:%;#("%#+(./-4(.:@%$2$(4#+49'.%;4(.-%4+:%;4$(.%#+,-4$(-2)(2-.$@%.4)"%#+,-4$(-2)(2-4'%#+(.-*.+(#&+%#$%:.$#/+.:%(&%,&$(.-%4::#(#&+4'%9.+.!%($%;".+%)&19#+.:%;#("%4+&(".-%$.)(&-<%!".%/&4'% #$%(&%3-&*#:.%$(49'.%2(#'#(5%$.-*#).$%,&-%(".%-.92#':#+/%&,%67&/8+.%95%(4C#+/%4:*4+(4/.%&,%-.$&2-).$%'&)4(.:%#+%4%;#:.%)&--#:&-%-2++#+/%,-&1%(".%1&2+(4#+&2$%23'4+:%(&%(".%1&-.%3&32'&2$%4''2*#4'%3'4#+%&,%(".%)#(5%).+(.-<%

recommendation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

synergies across sectorsO.$3&+:#+/%(&%2+#J2.%4$3.)($%&,%)'#14(.@%"5:-&'&/5@%(&3&/-43"5%4+:%'4+:%)&*.-@%;"#'.%14S#1#0#+/%&2(32(%4+:%4)"#.*#+/%)&13&2+:%9.+.!%($@%.4)"%$.)(&-%#$%:.$#/+.:%(&%,&$(.-%.S)"4+/.$%A.+.-/5@%;4(.-%&-%-.$&2-).$B%;#("%4+&(".-<%!"#$%"&'#$(#)%433-&4)"%#$%433'#.:%(&%.+.-/5%/.+.-4(#&+@%.+*#-&+1.+(4'%$(49#'#04(#&+@%4+%.)&>#+:2$(-#4'%34-C@%4$%;.''%4$%(&%4/-#)2'(2-.%4+:%.)&+&1#)%:.*.'&31.+(<%

challenges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

overview: integrated upland infrastructure

Upland Intervention Sites

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renewable energy generation and micro-grids

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Renewable energy production will provide a controlled source of energy for a given daily time period across a limited grid system. Reliance on renewable resources for domestic, commercial and industrial uses will reduce dependence on imported fuel sources, limit carbon emissions and provide diversifi cation and redundancy. Wind energy production in the mountains coupled with solar energy production in the lowlands, serve a pumped-storage hydroelectric generation station, which balances these dynamic and fl uctuating loads.

Wind power is utilized to pump water from lower to higher reservoir with excess energy fed into the grid.

Upland Site Overview

Section of Power Systems

Wind Farm Power Station

Pump Station

PVsTo Léogâne

7

wind turbine energy

problem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

recommendationN#+:% .+.-/5% ;#''% 3-#14-#'5% 9.% 2(#'#0.:% (&% 42/1.+(% (".% $&'4->3&;.-.:% 3213.:>$(&-4/.% "5:-&.'.)(-#)% /.+.-4(#&+% $5$(.1% $.-*#+/%67&/8+.<%V'4).:%&+%&33&$#(.%"#''(&3$%4(%.'.*4(#&+$%&,%QLL%1.(.-$@%.#/"(5>$#S%KLL%CN%(2-9#+.$%;#''%)&13'.1.+(%(".%14#+%$&'4-%,4-1%4$%3-#14-5%,..:%,&-%(".%3213.:>$(&-4/.%$5$(.1<%!".$.%1.:#21%$#0.%(2-9#+.$@%$.'.)(.:%#+%34-(%,&-%.4$#.-%(-4+$3&-(%&+%3-#1#(#*.%-&4:$@%4-.%$233&-(.:%95%'4((#).%(&;.-$%("4(%3-&*#:.%/-.4(.-%$(49#'#(5%#+%("#$%.4-("J24C.>3-&+.%4-.4<%

synergies across sectors N#+:%.+.-/5%#+%F4#(#%)4+%9.%2(#'#0.:%&+%4%1#)-&>$)4'.%4+:@%;".-.%$2,!%)#.+(@%#(%)4+%)&13'.1.+(%$&'4-%,4-1%#+$(4''4(#&+$%:2-#+/%(".%+#/"(<%N"#'.%:.:#)4(.:%(&%(".%3213.:>$(&-4/.%$5$(.1@%("#$%-.+.;49'.%3&;.-%$5$(.1%145%9.%-.J2#-.:%(&%$233'.1.+(%$.-*#).%&+%)'&2:5%:45$<%

challenges ?(%;#''%9.%+.).$$4-5%(&%-.$(-2)(2-.W-.4''&)4(.%'4+:%&;+.-$"#3%#+%(".%23'4+:%"#''$<%U&1.%&,%(".$.%4-.4$%4-.%"#/"'5%:.,&-.$(.:%4+:%.-&:.:%$&%$&#'%$(49#'#04(#&+%12$(%4))&134+5%(".%-.'4(#*.'5%)&$('5%#+$(4''4(#&+%&,%(2-9#+.$%4+:%4)).$$%-&4:$<%

Site 1

Site 2

Wind Direction

Spacing di = 20 m7di = 120 m = 400 ft

Wind Turbine Site Plan

Diameter =20 m

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Rotor and Blades

Lattice Structure

Foundation

Wind Site 145 Turbines = 4.5 MWBoth Sites: 86 Turbines= 8.6 MW

The Turbine Specifi cations: 100 kW KCS56"XL@LLL%>%"YLL@LLL%3.-%2+#(?+:2)(#&+%ZPL%[TR%QLF0%Y%3"4$.%%O4(.:%&2(32(%&,%KLL%CN\%$(4/.%".'#)4'%/.4-9&S@%\XGK%-4(#&KPLL%-31%&2(32(@%]\%-31%#+32([4-#49'.%3#()"%9'4:.%:.$#/+I#41.(.-G%QL%,(%AKP%1BU;.3(%4-.4G%\ZQY%,(\%A\YL%1\B^#9.-/'4$$G%\]%,(64((#).@%PL%,(%N.9%94$.:%42(&14(.:

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Issues

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Benefi ts

41 Turbines = 4.1 MWWind Site 2

Turbine Elevation and Plan

solar photovoltaic energy

40 Acre Solar Farm

9

problemHaiti is located in a prime latitude for photovoltaic energy, yet to date has very little solar capacity and no industrial-scale production of PV panels. Energy generated by solar farms and pumped-hydro storage would reduce fossil fuel emissions while increasing base load capability.

recommendationA solar farm of 10 MW of generation capacity comprised of 44,000 230 watt commercially available panels will provide electricity during the 11-13 hours of daylight. It will be dedicated to power pumps that drive piped water from a lower reservoir to an upper one. Water stored in the upper reservoir will be released on demand, fl owing through turbines to generate a controlled base load. Any excess solar power not needed for water pumping will augment the grid dedicated to Léogâne town center.

synergies across sectorsThe solar farms are designed to integrate and not displace agriculture, effectively achieving a kind of ‘inter-cropping’. The arrays are located at such a height as to partly shade some of the crops grown under the panels and partially within the service pathways. Rainwater fl owing off the panels will be collected in a gutter system for diversion to a cistern and thence to drip irrigation for the collocated crops. The pumped-storage hydroelectric system driven by the complementary sources of solar and wind power will stabilize load production for approximately 8 daytime hours of energy distribution. This reliable service will help spur commercial development and create a Haitian labor market for national goods and services as well as export markets.

challengesLack of transportation infrastructure is an impediment to erecting the solar/wind pumped-storage hydroelectric system. The upland corridor identifi ed for the energy generation has little in the ways of roads and no existing electrical transmission cables. A technically trained labor force will be needed for the local operation and maintenance. Gaining clear title to the land with legal contracts for stable operation and maintenance will also pose a challenge. Security concerns must be considered and addressed at all stages.

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a%V'4).%H%&4(#+/%V[%34+.'$%&+%233.-%4+:%'&;.-%-.$.-*&#-$a%O.:2).%.*43&-4(#&+%&,%,-.$"%;4(.-@%;"#)"%#$%"4-:%(&%-.3'4).a%!".$.%34+.'$%;#''%9.%1&-.%.,!%)#.+(%:2.%(&%)&&'.-%(.13.-4(2-.$a%=+.-/5%3-&:2).:%)4+%4'$&%9.%,.:%#+(&%/-#:

Example of Upper ReservoirFloating Solar Array

Solar Panels with Agriculture

Panel Dimensions: 990mm x 1650mm x 46 mm Panels: 5233Capacity: 1.2 MW

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pumped-storage hydroelectric energy

problem M&$(%&,%(".%.S#$(#+/%.+.-/5%/.+.-4(#&+%#+,-4$(-2)(2-.%#+%F4#(#%#$%4+(#J24(.:@%)&$('5%(&%&3.-4(.%4+:%14#+(4#+%4+:%/.+.-4(.$%3&''2(4+($%4$%;.''%4$%)4-9&+%.1#$$#&+$<%N"#'.%23/-4:#+/%(".%)434)#(5%&,%&':.-%.S#$(#+/%"5:-&.'.)(-#)%/.+.-4(#&+%#$%+..:.:%(&%3-&*#:.%4+%2+:.-'5#+/%94$.>'&4:% ,&-% (".% ,2(2-.% +4(#&+4'% /-#:% .+.-/5@% 9.)42$.% &,% +./4(#*.% .,,.)($% &+% -#*.-% $5$(.1$% A$.:#1.+(4(#&+B% 4+:% (".% 3-&:2)(#&+%&,%1.("4+.% ,-&1%:.)45#+/% 3'4+(%14((.-@% (".$.%:41$%4-.% :..1.:% '.$$% :.$#-49'.% .+*#-&+1.+(4''5<%N#+:%3&;.-% 4+:% $&'4-% .+.-/5%3-&:2)(#&+%H%2)(24(.$@%#$+E(%$2,!%)#.+('5%3-.:#)(49'.%4+:%)4++&(%9.%$(&-.:%(&%3-&*#:.%.+.-/5%&+%:.14+:<

recommendation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

synergies across sectorsU(&-1;4(.-%14+4/.1.+(@% H%&&:% )&+(-&'@% $&#'% $(49#'#04(#&+% 4+:% -.,&-.$(4(#&+% 4-.% +.).$$4-5% 3-.-.J2#$#(.$% ,&-% (".% c.+.-/5% )&--#:&-E%'4+:$)43.%(&%$233&-(%4''%(".%)&13&+.+($%&,%4%VFU%$5$(.1<%!".%'4-/.%-.$.-*&#-$%A233.-%4+:%'&;.-B%;#''%9.%34-(#4''5%)&*.-.:%95%H%&4(#+/%V[%4--45$%("4(%)&+$(#(2(.%34-(%&,%(".%$&'4-%,4-1<%!"#$%)&''&)4(#&+%1.4+$%'.$$%4/-#)2'(2-4'%'4+:%#$%:#$3'4).:d%#(%'&;.-$%(".%(.13.-4(2-.%&,%(".%V[%4--45$@%#13-&*#+/%(".#-%.,!%)#.+)5%4+:%(".#-%$"4:#+/%&,%(".%;4(.-%-.:2).$%(".%-4(.%&,%-.$.-*&#-%.*43&-4(#&+<%

challenges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

Energy System Co-location Benefi ts

12

Bird’s Eye View of Pump Water System

Pumped Hydro Storage Plan and Elevation

Rendering of Pump Water System

Horizontal and Vertical Distance Between Two Reservoirs

Pumped Hydro System R434)#(5G%KL%MNF.4:%A"BG%KPL1!2-9#+.%.,!%)#.+)5G%PLe!2-9#+.%:#$)"4-/.G

_.+.-4(#&+%(#1.G%Q%"&2-$V213#+/%.+.-/5%+..:.:G%KYMNb*.-4''%)5)'.%.,!%)#.+)5G%]Xef33.-%4+:%6&;.-%-.$.-*&#-$%*&'21.G%X]@LLL%1Y%.4)"%

O4#+%#+32(%#+%67&/8+.%g%L<Z]%1YW$.)%A\Z%"-%-4#+,4''@%KLL%5-%.*.+(Ba%I2-#+/%(".%-4#+#+/%$.4$&+@%#(%;#''%(4C.%h\%"&2-$%(&%!%''%23%(".%'&;.-%-.$.-*&#-a%R&''.)(%;4(.-%,-&1%-4#+,4''%(&%-.3'4).%;4(.-%'&$(%95%.*43&-4(#&+a%f$.%H%&4(#+/%V[$%(&%$"#.':%;4(.-%,-&1%.*43&-4(#&+%4+:%(&%/.+.-4(.%.+.-/5

13

river stabilization

Proposed Reservoirs

River stabilization is focused on the Rouyonne and Momance Rivers, due to the magnitude and frequency of flooding events. Efforts will rely on natural and readily available materials to restore eroding riverbanks, provide irrigation channels for farming, limit upland erosion, capture peak flows upland for power generation and address hazardous flooding conditions during tropical storm events. Upland reservoirs are built to reduce downstream fl ooding in both rivers; they will supply agricultural irrigation during dry seasons. With small micro-turbines, the dams can be used to power irrigation pumps.

14

Momance River Delta

Reservoir Capacity

!".% #+(.-*.+(#&+% 3&#+($% 3-&*#:#+/% H%&&:%)&+(-&'@% .-&$#&+% )&+(-&'$@% #--#/4(#&+% 4+:%.+.-/5%3-&:2)(#&+<

15

problem U#/+#!%)4+(%:414/.%"4$%9..+%$2$(4#+.:% #+%9&("% (".%M&14+).%4+:%O&25&++.% -#*.-%:.'(4$%4'&+/%$&1.%XX%C1%&,%67&/8+.<%N"#'.%+4(2-4'%)42$.$%,&-%"49#(4(%:./-4:4(#&+%#+)'2:.%$.#$1#)%23'#,(%("4(%:-4#+$%(#:4'%14-$"@%.S3&$#+/%$29>(#:4'%$.4%/-4$$%4+:%)42$#+/%'&$$%&,%)&-4'%-..,$@%4+("-&3&/.+#)%)42$.$%#+)'2:.%14$$#*.%#+H%2S%&,%-#*.-%$.:#1.+(4(#&+%,-&1%(".%:.,&-.$(#+/%;4(.-$".:%1&2+(4#+$%4+:%"4-*.$(#+/%&,%14+/-&*.$%,&-%!%-.;&&:<%

recommendationsO.$(&-4(#&+%&,%(".%#13.-#'.:%)&-4'%-..,$%4+:%14+/-&*.$@%4'&+/%;#("%H%&&:%1#(#/4(#&+%4+:%94+C%-.$(&-4(#&+%4-.%#13.-4(#*.<%^&-%-..,%-.92#':#+/@%&+.%3-&1#$#+/%4-(#!%)#4'%3'4(,&-1%$5$(.1%"4$%9..+%:.*.'&3.:%)4''.:%iO..,%`4''j<%?(%)&+$#$($%&,%4%3.-,&-4(.:%)&+)-.(.%,&-1%#+(&%;"#)"%3'2/$%&,%".4'("5%+.;%)&-4'%,-4/1.+($%4-.%#+(-&:2).:%9.,&-.%9.#+/%3'4).:%&+%(".%&).4+%H%&&-<%M4+/-&*.$%$"&2':%9.%3'4+(.:%#+%9#&:./-4:49'.%94$C.($%2$#+/%4%-4+/.%&,%$4'(>(&'.-4+(%4+:%$4'#+.%-.$#$(4+(%$3.)#.$%94$.:%&+%'&)4'%)&+:#(#&+$<%

synergies across sectors M4+/-&*.% -.$(&-4(#&+%;#''%".'3%3-&(.)(% (".% ,-4/#'.%)&-4'$% #13'4+($%$#+).% (".5%4)(%4$%!%'(.-#+/%$5$(.1@% (-43%:.9-#$%4+:%$#'(@%3-&:2).%+2(-#.+($@% #13-&*.% !%$".-#.$% 4+:% 3-&(.)(% )&4$(4'% 0&+.$% ,-&1% $(&-1$% 4+:% 14D&-% ;.4(".-% .*.+($<% O.,&-.$(4(#&+% 4+:% -#*.-% 94+C%-.)&+$(-2)(#&+%;#''%-.:2).%&2(H%&;$%&,%$.:#1.+($<%

challenges M4+4/.1.+(%4+:%.+,&-).1.+(%&,%(".%k4(#&+4'%U5$(.1%&,%V-&(.)(.:%T-.4$%,&-%R&4$(4'%T-.4$%#$%.$$.+(#4'%(&%-.:2).%,2-(".-%14+/-&*.%"4-*.$(#+/%4+:%&*.-4''%,&-%#+*.$(1.+(%(&%$2))..:<%T::#(#&+4''5@%9&("%14+/-&*.%4+:%)&-4'%-..,%-.$(&-4(#&+%;#''%-.J2#-.%(-4#+.:%3.-$&++.'<%

habitat and biodiversity restoration at the rouyonne and momance river deltas

Shoreline Interventions

16

Spread river mouth due to deposited sediment because of lack of soil stabilization

R&+$.J2.+).$% &,% (".%=4-("J24C.% l4+24-5% K\@\LKLG%T'&+/% XX% C1% &,% )&4$('#+.% ,-&1%_-.$$#.-%A=4$(%&,%67&/8+.B%(&%V&-(%O&54'%AN.$(%F4#(#B%(".%$.#$1#)%23'#,(%L<QZ%m%L<KK%1%&,%.'.*4(.:%)&-4'%-..,$

Zone 1: Arial View

Zone 2: Momance River Delta

Reef Ball Mold System“Reef Ball” NGO SystemProposed for restoring biodiversity

!"

#$%&'()*#$%&'$()*)+&,%+(%*%-'+)+-*.%+((/$%+,%01&23,$4%*(%+)%+(%+,%5*,6%*'$*(%&%%7*+)+8%9)%+(%($:$'$%+,%5&/,)*+,&/(%'$2+&,(4%*(%)'$$(%*'$%'$5&:$;%%&'%*2'+-/.)/'$%*,;%)&%-'$*)$% ./5<$'%&'%-=*'-&*.8%>+)=&/)%'&&)(%)&%'$()'*+,%)=$%(&+.%*,;%*<(&'<%()&'5?*)$'4%'+:$'(%*,;%()'$*5(%*'$%&:$'?=$.5$;%;/'+,2%=$*:6%'*+,(8%@&A(&+.%.&((%+(%$,;$5+-4%?+)=%.+)).$%:$2$)*)+&,%)&%A'$:$,)%($;+5$,)%.&((%%'&5%-&/,)'6(+;$%(.&A$(8%@=+(%BnopnqrCsDtnnCErFDGsDCuGErGFvDpGwHsDxyyDzEwHDqpyGrCDsnEyDGrCDCvIuEsJDKnz!y{"r#$%|n#}rv$&r'$"ws$vswq&u"vs$&uv$vspv("&yy{$~qyrvu&)yv$wn$w*vsv$tnn'$*&�&u's+$

$(+%))(,-./0%,*,*v$py&(vovrw$n-$.//!-nnw$ u"p&u"&r$)q--vus$z"w*$v�(&~&w"nr$ -nu$ -nqu$'"sw"r(w$rvz$ uvsvu~n"us$z"yy$o"w"#&wv$ w*v$v--v(ws$n-$swnuoz&wvu$0123445%6144708% 9328:8;:2<%34% ;0778% =3>70%?@ABAAA%78;:CD;7E!"% #$%&'#"% ()%*+()%%,-./*+/0#% 12%% 3.#$% 3%2,#%./4% %+,%.,% 1%25% 32/3%)*)%6v7u8s$pun~86v$tnn6$9nrwuny$:r6$sn8y$sw:78y8�:w8nr;$8opun~8r<$y8~8r<$9nr68w8nrs$:r6$8r9uv:s8r<${8vy6$=uno$:<u89qywquv>$!uv"w#nr$n%$rvz$uvsvu~n#us$wn$z&#'&$tnn(z"wvus$'"r$)v$(#~vuwv($*+,-$o.%/010/2*3%145%*67%8490:/7%0:4%;;<%9.%145%*67%=4>34::7!%?2@@%0@@4?%145%*67%sw")#y#�"w#nr$n%$)nw&$u#~vu)"r�s>

12,($30(1*.+$%11*1(+/%$1A&v$ u#p"u#"r$ )q%%vu$ %nswvus$ 'nr'vrwu"wv($~vBvw"w#nr$z#w&#r$ u#p"u#"r$�nrvs$ w&"w$ 'nrsw#wqwv$&")#w"w$ 'nuu#(nus$ %nu$(#~vus#%{#rB$spv'#vs$92050*24:%0/54CC%@0507%0570CD%E@444%90:00797:*%29154F7C%0052/>@*>57%G3%0@@4?2:0%145%571@7:2C697:*%41%*41C42@%0:4%544*%C*57:0*67:2:0D%!uv"w#nr$n%$rvz$qpy"r($uvsvu~n#us$pun~#(vs$tnn($'nrwunyH$#uu#B"w#nr$z"wvu$"r($pnzvu$Bvrvu"w#nr$w&unqB&$o#'unIwqu)#rvs>

+4.''(,3(1*!"uu#vus$ wn$ w%vsv$ #rwvu~vrw#nrs$ #r$&|n'}rv$ #r(yq)v$ wu"#rv)$o"rpnzvu$"r)$ yn("y$sqppnuw$ *nu$ y"+nu,#rwvrs#~v$qp�vvp$n*$ w%v$u#p"u#"r$-.//01%23456758C%459%10C01:;71%459%71178467;5%<47560545=0%10304C0%8460%9.1758%C6;1<>%459%91>%C04C;5C?%@4C0<056C%;1%3459%4=A.7C767;5%B733%-0%50=0CC41>?

56789!:;6<8!9;=;><9<=6?!@77A!9B6B>;6B7=!;=A!67C57BD!1/.&0'0E./0%,

"0#.$0.,*F/$./(32G*H./+4I*J%$$0-%$I*K./$0L

Cno"r(v$D#p"u#"r$�nrvs$!ppun�"o#wvy{$%&&'$&&&$wuvvs({p")#y*$+&&�$,q--vu$�nrv

.#$/q{nrrv$$/"p#u"#r$�nrvs$!ppun�"o#wvy{$+0&'$&&&$wuvvs({p")#y$*$+&&�$,q--vu$�nrv

!M

"0#.$0.,*NOPP($*Q.2%O/*.,-*R''O1/$./0%,

a$1"~vus"w{$#r2$)nr)vrwu#w"nr$n-$~v3vw#w"nr$z"w4"r$u"p#u"#r$�nrvs$pun~"2vs$4#,"w#w$-nu$#$$5416789%:;%456<4=>%45?%65>7@8>a$.nr3'$)nrw"rqnqs$swu"ps$n-$ u"p#u"#r$,q--vu$)#r$#ysn$pun~"2v$4#,"w#w$)nuu"2nus$ -nu$ w4v$<681486:5%:;%>A7@67>%4@1:>>%=4187%4174>a$!,snu,$tnn2$z#wvus$w4#w$znqy2$nw4vuz"sv$2#o#3v$#2B#)vrw$qu,#r'$-nuvsw$nu$#3u")qywquv$y#r2s$#r2$)nrwu",qwv$wn$swuv#o$,#r�$vuns"nra$C"ywu#wvs$p4nsp4nuqs$#r2$nw4vu$pnyyqw#rws$-uno$uqrn--a$D4#2v$-nuo$py#rws$#r2$wuvvs$z"w4"r$u"p#u"#r$�nrvs$4vyps$uv3qy#wv$z#wvu$wvopvu#wquva$E#"rw#"r$,"nyn3")#y$2"~vus"w{

S+%'%30+.'*F($T0+(1 U'%%-0,3*.,-*V()#($./O$(*J%,/$%'

19

problem !"%#$%&'"(@%)*+,)*,"%,)(,-%.*/0%",/*1(%1(&(/,/*%"%.()(%2%)3()45%%,-(-%%2%(6%4%&*6,4%7*1()-*/5<%893,"%4,"7>9-(%+),6/*6(-%7(&),7(7%/0(-(%6%))*7%)-@%%+("*"&%/0(%.,5%2%)%)*1():,";%()%-*%"%,"7%H%%%7*"&@%4%--%%2%,&)*694/9),4%4,"7-@%7,3,&(%/%%093,"%-(//4(3("/-%,"7%),+*7%-(7*3("/,/*%"%*"%/0(%)*1()%7(4/,-<%<0(-(%1,49,:4(%)*+,)*,"%=%"(-%39-/%:(%/0(%9)&("/%2%69-%%2%(6%4%&*6,4%)(-/%),/*%"%(22%)/-<%

recommendations>%)(-/)96/9)*"&%%2%4,"7%0%47*"&-%,4%"&%/0(-(%)*1()-@%*"6497*"&%?"%>/)(-+,--*"&@%6%"-()1,/*%"%=%"(-%3,5%:(%)(A9*)(7%/%%2%-/()%)(-/%),/*%"%,"7%4%"&>/()3%3,",&(3("/%%2%/0(-(%6%))*7%)-<%<0(%6)(,/*%"%%2%1(&(/,/(7%,"7%2%)(-/(7%:922()%-/)*+-%,"7%+,/60(-%A:(/.(("%BL%/%%YLL%2((/%,6)%--B%,4%"&%)*1()W-/)(,3%:,";-%,)3%)-%/0(%:,";%-/)96/9)(@%,:-%):-%H%%%7%.,/()-%,"7%-4%.-%()%-*%"@% *3+)%1(-%.,/()%A9,4*/5%A+%449/,"/%)(3%1,4@%/(3+(),/9)(%3%7(),/*%"B%7%."-/)(,3%,"7%6)(,/(-%0,:*/,/%6%))*7%)-<%

synergies across sectors !"%,77*/*%"%/%%/0(%-/)96/9),4%,"7%(6%4%&*6,4%-()1*6(-%)("7()(7%:5%/0(%)(-/%)(7%)*+,)*,"%:922()-@%/)((-%,"7%+4,"/*"&-%*"/(&),/(7%9-*"&%?,&)%>2%)(-/)5@%3%7(4-%A*"/()6)%++*"&%%2%/)((-%,"7%2%%7%+4,"/-B%6,"%+)%796(%2%%7@%29(4%,"7%6)(,/(%C%:-<%D)9*/%+)%796/*%"@%/*3:()%2)%3%E,/)%+0,@%1()/*1()%,"7%6%*)%*"79-/)*(-%6,"%:(%*"/(&),/(7%.*/0%,7C,6("/%*))*&,/*%"%60,""(4-%"((7(7%/%%:%%-/%,&)*694/9),4%+)%796/*1*/5<%

challenges F(-/)96/9)*"&%,"7%)(,44%6,/*"&% 4,"7%%."()-0*+%,4%"&% /0(%)*1()%6%))*7%)-%.*44%)(A9*)(%+%4*/*6,4%,"7%,73*"*-/),/*1(%-9++%)/%.*/0%(*/0()%G%","6*,4%%)%-%6*,4%*"6("/*1(-<%<0()(%*-%,"%%1(),)60*"&%"((7%/%%60,"&(%("1*)%"3("/,445%9"-%9"7%,&)*694/9),4%+),6/*6(-%,"7%*"6946,/(%,"%,++)(6*,/*%"%%2%,%?-0,)(7@%0,:*/,/<%<),7(>%22-%"((7%/%%:(%3,7(%:(/.(("%-4%.>&)%.*"&%",/*1(%-+(6*(-%1-<%2,-/>&)%.*"&%(H%/*6-%.0("%-/,:*4*=*"&%/0(%)*1():,";<

riparian buffers: habitat and biodiversity restoration along the rouyonne and momance rivers

Application of Bank Stabilization and Flood Control

20

Riparian Buffer PhysiologyHaley Heard, MIT

21

problem I()3,694/9)(%*-%,%7(-*&"%,"7%(/0*6,4%-5-/(3%2%)%(6%4%&*6,4%4*1*"&@%*"/(&),/*"&%2%%7@%-0(4/()@%("()&5@%64*3,/(@%.,/()%,"7%-%*4<%<0(%+)%:4(3-%%2%8,*/*J+%1()/5@%3,4"%9)*-03("/@%+%449/*%"@%7(2%)(-/,/*%"@%()%-*%"@%7(&),7,/*%"%%2%6%,-/4*"(@%)*1():,";-%,"7%4%-/%:*%7*1()-*/5J,)(%*"/()6%""(6/(7%,"7%:(&%+()3,694/9)(%-%49/*%"-<%<0(-(%,)(%(-+(6*,445%(22(6/*1(%*"%-/,:*4*=*"&%,"7%)(*"1*&%),/*"&%3,)&*",4%,)(,-<

recommendation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

synergies across sectorsD*-0%2,)3*"&%,"7%)*6(WG%-0%6%>2,)3*"&%,)(%*"/(&),/(7%6%3+%"("/-%%2%/0*-%1*-*%"@%,--*-/*"&%.*/0%+%1()/5%,44(1*,/*%"@%*"6)(,-(7%+)%/(*"%6%"-93+/*%"@%+)%/(6/*%"%%2% /0(%("1*)%"3("/%,"7%",/9),4% )(-%9)6(-%,"7% 4*1(4*0%%7%+)%1*-*%"<%>%.,-/(>/%>2%%7% 6564(% /0,/% *"6497(-%(H60,"&*"&%"9/)*("/%.,-/(%2)%3W/%%,&)*694/9)(%,"7%,A9,694/9)(%+)%6(--(-%(4*3*",/(-%.,-/(%,"7%+%449/*%"<%

challenges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

permaculture ecovillage

Proposed Permaculture Ecovillage Compound for Rural Upland Site

22

a%<5+*6,4%4,"70%47*"&%+()%2,3*45%N%K%0,a%KYL%0,%+)%796/*1(%4,"7%N%KYL%2,3*4*(-a%<5+*6,4%2,3*45%-*=(%N%O%+()-%"-a%M%339"*/5%-*=(%�%PLL%)(-*7("/-

Permaculture Site Overview

Compounds Arrayed Around Man-Made Water Bodies

Permaculture Ecovillage Compound

Compound Perspective

Compound Layout

23

problem Offi cial waste collection systems are lacking in Léogâne and the waste stream is rapidly expanding, polluting waterways, degrading public health and eliminating the potential economic benefi ts of utilizing this otherwise lost material stream. With 75% of the total waste produced per capita being organic, it must be handled in accordance with best practices for conversion to fi nal end-use.

recommendationsMultiple infrastructural “nodes” have been identifi ed as community service points for water, power, food, waste collection and other utilities. Nodes create an integrated web connecting dispersed links across existing and new infrastructure and developed around existing services and functions. The whole waste collection system includes processing at the source, separation and handling, storage, transformation of solids, transport, disposal and energy generation.

synergies across sectors Nodes are designed to maximize synergies, making the best use of limited resources and with the goal of transforming them into useful commodities. Nodes are also the catalysts for deployment of community services in key city center locations. Waste managements fosters economic revitalization through community involvement and environmental stewardship.

challenges Social waste habits are slow to change, so incentivizing the system and an educational campaign will be necessary to inculcate the benefi ts of resource conservation. To address the waste management issue, related systems road system upgrades necessary for transport waste, as well as collection administration will be vital to success.

integrated service infrastructure overview

Downtown Infrastructural Nodes

23

problem Offi cial waste collection systems are lacking in Léogâne and the waste stream is rapidly expanding, polluting waterways, degrading public health and eliminating the potential economic benefi ts of utilizing this otherwise lost material stream. With 75% of the total waste produced per capita being organic, it must be handled in accordance with best practices for conversion to fi nal end-use.

recommendationsMultiple infrastructural “nodes” have been identifi ed as community service points for water, power, food, waste collection and other utilities. Nodes create an integrated web connecting dispersed links across existing and new infrastructure and developed around existing services and functions. The whole waste collection system includes processing at the source, separation and handling, storage, transformation of solids, transport, disposal and energy generation.

synergies across sectors Nodes are designed to maximize synergies, making the best use of limited resources and with the goal of transforming them into useful commodities. Nodes are also the catalysts for deployment of community services in key city center locations. Waste managements fosters economic revitalization through community involvement and environmental stewardship.

challenges Social waste habits are slow to change, so incentivizing the system and an educational campaign will be necessary to inculcate the benefi ts of resource conservation. To address the waste management issue, related systems road system upgrades necessary for transport waste, as well as collection administration will be vital to success.

integrated service infrastructure overview

Downtown Infrastructural Nodes

problemOfficial waste collection systems are lacking in Léogâne and the waste stream is rapidly expanding, polluting waterways, degrading public health and eliminating the potential economic benefits of utilizing this otherwise lost material stream. With 75% of the total waste produced per capita being organic, it must be handled in accordance with best practices for conversion to final end-use.

recommendations Multiple infrastructural “nodes” have been identified as community service points for water, power, food, waste collection and other utilities. Nodes create an integrated web connecting dispersed links across existing and new infrastructure and developed around existing services and functions. The whole waste collection system includes processing at the source, separation and handling, storage, transformation of solids, transport, disposal and energy generation. .

synergies across sectors Nodes are designed to maximize synergies, making the best use of limited resources and with the goal of transforming them into useful commodities. Nodes are also the catalysts for deployment of community services in key city center locations. Waste management fosters economic revitalization through community involvement and environmental stewardship.

challenges Social waste habits are slow to change, so incentivizing the system and an educational campaign will be necessary to inculcate the benefits of resource conservation. To address the waste management issue, related systems road system upgrades necessary for transport waste, as well as collection administration will be vital to success.

24

Multiple infrastructural “nodes” have been identifi ed to become the service points for community water, power, food, waste collection and community services. The nodes have been organized according to create a dispersed infrastructure for overall town resource management. These service points function as localized interventions forming an integrated web to connect disperse links across existing and new infrastructure.

Web Of Infrastructural Nodes

Existing Site Functions

25

problem The community hub is a functional civic and commercial center without a source of power which limits its economic potential. This locus of activity must be outfi tted with amenities to make the best use of the space.

recommendationsIn the community hub, biodigestors capable of producing methane from human and organic waste are integrated into the on-site organic waste management plans. The soccer fi eld has been retrofi tted with underground shipping containers utilized for water impoundment in rain events. These elements become part of an system for utilizing on-site waste integrated seemlessly through community services.

synergies across sectors The natural gas from the biodigestor is diverted to a community kitchen which in turn creates organic waste. The rain catchment from the soccer fi eld (an otherwise well-utilized recreational facility) provides both drinking water (with proper fi ltration) as well as storm water management. Integrating community services with underutilized resources fosters stewardship while building resiliency.

challenges While technical challenges are manageable, this node demands upfront investment along with technicians to service and maintain the biodigestor and rainwater harvesting facilities.

node 1: community hub

Existing Site Context

25

problem The community hub is a functional civic and commercial center without a source of power which limits its economic potential. This locus of activity must be outfi tted with amenities to make the best use of the space.

recommendationsIn the community hub, biodigestors capable of producing methane from human and organic waste are integrated into the on-site organic waste management plans. The soccer fi eld has been retrofi tted with underground shipping containers utilized for water impoundment in rain events. These elements become part of an system for utilizing on-site waste integrated seemlessly through community services.

synergies across sectors The natural gas from the biodigestor is diverted to a community kitchen which in turn creates organic waste. The rain catchment from the soccer fi eld (an otherwise well-utilized recreational facility) provides both drinking water (with proper fi ltration) as well as storm water management. Integrating community services with underutilized resources fosters stewardship while building resiliency.

challenges While technical challenges are manageable, this node demands upfront investment along with technicians to service and maintain the biodigestor and rainwater harvesting facilities.

node 1: community hub

Existing Site Context

problem The community hub is a functional civic and commercial center without a source of power which limits its economic potential. This locus of activity must be outfitted with amenities to make the best use of the space.

recommendations In the community hub, biodigestors capable of producing methane from human and organic waste are integrated into the on-site organic waste management plans. The soccer field has been retrofitted with underground shipping containers utilized for water impoundment in rain events. These elements become part of an system for utilizing on-site waste integrated seamlessly through community services.

synergies across sectors The natural gas from the biodigestor is diverted to a community kitchen which in turn creates organic waste. The rain catchment from the soccer field (an otherwise well-utilized recreational facility) provides both drinking water (with proper filtration) as well as storm water management. Integrating community services with underutilized resources fosters stewardship while building resiliency.

challenges While technical challenges are manageable, this node demands upfront investment along with technicians to service and maintain the biodigestor and rainwater harvesting facilities.

26

Stormwater Storage Under Soccer Field in Cisterns for Irrigation

Site Material Flow Diagram

Community Hub Proposed Site Plan

27

problem M*1*6%,"7%6%33()6*,4% 29"6/*%"-%%2% /0*-%6("/),4%-*/(@%7*-)9+/(7%:5% /("/%6,3+-% /%%,66%33%7,/(%7*-+4,6(7% *"7*1*79,4-% 2%44%.*"&% /0(%(,)/0A9,;(@%39-/%:(%)(:9*4/%.*/0%"(.%-/)96/9)(-<%

recommendationsF(2%69-*"&%,77*/*%",4%6*1*6%*"2),-/)96/9)(%,)%9"7%)(3,*"*"&%+9:4*6%:9*47*"&-%.*44%6)(,/(%,%"(.%3,);(/%,"7%6%339"*/5%6("/()@%,-%.(44%,-%,%6("/),4*=(7%.,-/(%6%44(6/*%"%+%*"/%2%)%/0(%4%6,4%,)(,<%I4,-/*6%.,-/(%*-%6%44(6/(7%%"%-*/(%,"7%/),"-+%)/(7%/%%K,):%""(@%.*/0%%)&,"*6%.,-/(%6%44(6/(7%/%%2((7%/0(%%">-*/(%:*%7*&(-/%)<%>"%*"6("/*1(%-5-/(3%*-%7(1(4%+(7%/%%3,;(%/0*-%1*-*%"%+%--*:4(<

synergies across sectors <0(%:*%7*&(-/%)%.*44%&("(),/(%:*%&,-% 2)%3% /0(%%)&,"*6%.,-/(%7(4*1()(7% /%% /0(%-*/(<%<0*-%6,"%:(%9-(7% /%%-9++%)/%,%)(-/,9),"/<%<0(%/%."%-A9,)(%.*44%0%-/%/0(% ?*"6("/*1(-@%,73*"*-/),/*%"%%2G%6(@%+)%+%-(7%6%339"*/5%64,--)%%3-@%6,/()*"&%/%%,)/%,"7%.,-/(%(796,/*%"@%,"% *"/()"(/%6,2(@%+9:4*6% )(-/)%%3-%,"7% ?-9-/,*",:4(%6%%;*"&>29(4%-/%)(2)%"/<%Q)&,"*6%.,-/(%&("(),/(7% *"% /0(%3,);(/%.*44% 2((7% /0(%:*%7*&(-/%)

challenges #%6,4-%39-/%:(%+)%+()45%*"6("/*1*=(7%/%%:)*"&*"&%.,-/(%/%%/0*-%6("/),4%4%6,/*%"@%)(A9*)*"&%"%/%%"45%?0,)7>.,)(%/%%7*-+("-(%+,5%9/-%:9/%(796,/*%"%%"%6%44(6/*%"%-/,"7,)7-%2%)%/0(%-5-/(3%%+(),/(%(22(6/*1(45<

node 2: town square

Perspective of Proposed Site

Section with Program Relationships

28

34567!"#8$%9!&%'(:67;!&))*'*&+'9<

=>?!"#8$%9!&%'(:67;!&))*'*&+'9<

City CenterPopulation: 30,000Organic Waste: 80%; 3,780 kg/dayPlastic Waste: 350.55 kg/day

Node 2Population: 2,000 peopleOrganic Waste: 252 kg/dayPlastic Waste: 23.37 kg/day

Organic Waste Generation • Assumed Capture Rate: 80%; 12,600 kg/capita/day

!"#$%&"' (")*+$%&"' ,-.$'&#/0$1%2/32'2-$%24/5.67$8

9"++2#%&"'/0&%:/;<=/!>>2#2'#8/?.64$8

,*@9!,&+@&A 374777 B5>C 3567-A.@.@9D&!/D0%+$!+.$& =74777 =C5C =>?7

/D0%+$!+.$& ?74777 EBC7 5C?71/! =774777 =C5C7 =>?77

"#FA$%GH!&'()(DD%!*I!+,-!.F)#@!I4!>77EI

Organic Waste Logistics and Quantifi cation

New Market Center and Civic Buildings Plan

29

problem W9)-*"&%-/97("/-%/),1(4%,%&)(,/%7*-/,"6(%/%%/0*-%-*/(<%!/%*-%"%/%9"6%33%"%2%)%-/97("/-%/%%(,/%%"45%%"(%3(,4%*"%,%7,5%,"7%0,1(%4*3*/(7%%++%)/9"*/5%/%%)(-/%,"7%)(2)(-0<%

recommendations>"%*"/(&),/(7%6,3+9-@%.*/0%7%)3*/%)*(-@%,%6,2(/()*,%,"7%%/0()%,3("*/*(-%.*44%+)%1*7(%-()1*6(-%,"7%,%6,3+9-%,/3%-+0()(%/%%-9++%)/%/0(%-/97("/-%,"7%-/,22<%Q)&,"*6%.,-/(%6%44(6/*%"%-5-/(3-%.*44%6%44(6/%2%%7%.,-/(%2%)%6%"1()-*%"%/%%6%%;*"&%+%.()%,"7%&,-<%D49-0%/%*4(/-%.*44%7*)(6/45%2((7%/0(%:*%7*&(-/%)-Y%&)(5%.,/()%.*44%:(%6%44(6/(7%2)%3%)%%2/%+-%,"7%-%4,)%,)),5-%+)%1*7(%("()&5<%

synergies across sectors <0*-%4%.>*3+,6/@%64%-(7%4%%+%-5-/(3%/,;(-%",/9),4@%%)&,"*6%)(-%9)6(-%2%)%6%"1()-*%"%/%%-*/(%6%%;*"&%29(4%,"7%("()&5<%

challenges X*&"*G%6,"/%60,"&(-%*"%%">-*/(%.,-/(%3,",&(3("/%+),6/*6(-%,"7%/(60"*6,4%-/,22%,)(%"(6(--,)5%2%)%/0*-%6%%+(),/*1(%-5-/(3%/%%29"6/*%"<%Z+2)%"/%/(60"%4%&*6,4%*"1(-/3("/-%,"7%%">&%*"&%,73*"*-/),/*%"%.*44%:(%"((7(7<

node 3: nursing school campus

Proposed Nursing School Campus Site Plan

problem

node 4: upland rural node

Plastic Waste Logistics and Quantifi cation

Abundant, uncollected waste is periodically set on fi re by the locals in order to manage waste. Plastics along with other household waste, such as human and animal excrement, clog canals and prevent proper drainage, creating major health hazards in the surrounding areas.

30

recommendations

synergies across sectors

challenges

31

Upland Node Plan

Upland Node Section

a%F%%2/%+%,)(,\%KLL@%H%YL@a%<%/,4%"93:()%%2%+,"(4-\%OB%+,"(4-%AY@%H%B@Ba%I()%0%9)%&("(),/*%"%+()%+,"(4\%\YL%.,//-a%X5-/(3@-%3,H%6,+,6*/5\%K\%;R

Upland Node Context

The Upland Node has been designed around an existing infrastucture to minimize construction time and cost

32

problem <0(%(H*-/*"&%:9-%-/%+%7%(-%"%/%0,1(%,"%%)&,"*=(7%("/),"6(%%)%(H*/%,"7%4,6;-%.,*/*"&%-+,6(<%!/%2%-/()-%,%&)(,/%7(,4%%2%6%"&(-/*%"%,"7%4*3*/-%/0(%9/*4*/5%,"7%(22(6/*1("(--%%2%+9:4*6%/),"-+%)/,/*%"<%

recommendationsK(1(4%+3("/%%2%,%394/*>3%7,4% /),"-+%)/,/*%"%09:%.*/0%+)*%)*/*=(7%,66(--% 2%)%+(7(-/)*,"-%6%3*"&% 2)%3% /0(%6*/5%6("/()%.*44%&)(,/45%*3+)%1(% /),"-*/% 29"6/*%"% *"% #$%&'"(<%<0(% 09:% *"/(&),/(-% ,66(--% /%% :9-(-@%3%/%)6564(-@% +()-%",4%3%/%)% 1(0*64(-@% :*6564(-% ,"7%+(7(-/)*,"-%.0*4(%+)%1*7*"&%-,2(/5%*3+)%1(3("/-<%Q">-*/(%.,-/(%*-%3,",&(7%/0)%9&0%:*%7*&(-/%)-%,"7%.,/()%/0)%9&0%,%4%6,4%-/%)3%.,/()%3,",&(3("/%-5-/(3<

synergies across sectors T94/*+4(%29"6/*%"-%,)(%%1()4,*7%*"%/0(%/),"-*/%09:<%<0(%:,6;%,)(,%%2%/0(%/()3*",4%*-%7(-*&"(7%.*/0%,%7(-*&",/(7%+*6;>9+%,"7%7)%+>%22%,)(,-@%3,);(/%-+,6(@%.,*/*"&%,)(,%,"7%+9:4*6%)(-/)%%3-%.*/0%,"%,//,60(7%:*%7*&(-/%)<%<0(%:*%7*&(-/%)%.*44%:(%9-(7%/%%29(4%/0(%6%%;*"&%-/,/*%"-%*"%/0(%3,);(/%,)(,%,"7%7(+("7*"&%%"%/0(%,3%9"/%%2%/),2G%6%*"%/0(%-/,/*%"@%*/%3,5%0,1(%/0(%+%/("/*,4%:(%9-(7%,-%29(4%2%)%:9-(-%*"%/0(%29/9)(<%

challenges F%,7%6%"7*/*%"-%,)(%-(1()(45%7(/()*%),/(7%,"7%4,6;%7(-*&",/(7%,)(,-%2%)%+(7(-/)*,"-<%>%)(&94,/%)5%:%75%*-%"(6(--,)5%2%)%+9:4*6%-,2(/5%/%%:(%*"-/*44(7@%7)*1()%/),*"*"&%-/,"7,)7*=(7%,"7%:9-(-%+)%+()45%3,*"/,*"(7<%

node 5: intermodal hub

Elevation of New Intermodal Center

Public Restrooms with onsite biodigestorto provide cooking fuel for the market

Market Areas Bus terminals with integrated seating

Barriers made with plastic bricks

New construction integrated with permeable pavement and stormwater management system

node 6: road improvements and transfer station

Waste Collection Network

33

problemLéogâne’s existing inner-city and immediately outlying road conditions are degraded. No sidewalks exist and roads are rutted, with water-pooling supporting water born disease vectors and mosquito nesting. Without a shoulder, accidents are frequent

recommendationsFor the city center, hexagonal concrete pavers along main and side streets are recommended as water permeable surfaces easy to repair. On the peripheral roads, line-based soil stabilizers will provide soil stabilization with low environmental impact. With roads stabilized, waste collection in the city center will rely on small vehicles to deposit collections in a municipal transfer facility for transport to a processing station.

synergies across sectorsThe waste management will support sanitation efforts in the city and the countryside while creating a potential resource. Roadbed improvement with stormwater drainage helps in erosion control and facilitates economic development with safe thoroughfares.

challengesSignifi cant changes in transportation infrastructure will be required to aid waste management practices that can help redefi ne waste as a resource. Centralized management and enforcement of laws that defi ne transportation are imperative.

34

Waste Collection Incentivization

Waste Collection Points

35

Transfer Station North

Section through Transfer Station

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,-$&.//-0(/%&'$(/)&*&+()(*$

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4%&A(@/5$-&%-*"+/C678E@AF #*&1! (*%( 2#'*& LMN

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=&"- ;A$2B9-*$%/C9$(&%&A"-*$%Q/678E@AF

)$+)) )$,- ".# HLL

Biodigestor Calculations

36

problem <0(%K,):%""(%X9&,)%T*44%*-%.%);*"&%:(4%.%6,+,6*/5%.*/0%,%1()5%4%.%5*(47%),/(%(1("%/0%9&0%K,):%""(%*-%)(-+(6/(7%/0)%9&0%9/%8,*/*%2%)%*/-%-9&,)%+)%796/*%"<%!"%8,*/*@%OBS%%2%39"*6*+,4%-%4*7%.,-/(%*-%%)&,"*6<%X*&"*G%6,"/%,3%9"/-%%2%%)&,"*6%.,-/(%&("(),/(7%+()%6,+*/,%,)(%6%3+4(/(45%9"7()>9/*4*=(7%(1()5.0()(%,-%*"%/0(%6*/5%%2%#$%&'"(<

recommendationsF(1*/,4*=*"&%/0(%-9&,)%6,"(%-(6/%)% *-%,"% *3+%)/,"/%-/(+%2%)%8,*/*@-%)(6%1()5%,"7%6,"%+)%1*7(%3960%"((7(7% C%:-@%2%%7%,"7%("()&5<%Z-*"&%:,&,--(@%,%:5>+)%796/%%2%/0(%-9&,)%6,"(%6)%+@%6,"%+)%1*7(%-(6%"7,)5%%)%-/,"7>:5%6%&("(),/*%"%*"%#$%&'"(<%[,&,--(%("()&5%39-/%:(%(H/),6/(7%9-*"&%,%:*%&,-%/(60"%4%&5@%.0*60%6%3+,)(7%/%%-/,"7,)7%+),6/*6(%)(796(-%+%449/*%"@%+)%796(-%0*&0%A9,4*/5%2()/*4*=()%,"7%0,-%,%0*&0()%("()&5%6,+,6*/5<%L-/*3,/(-%-9&&(-/%/0,/%*2%%)&,"*6%.,-/(%2)%3%/0(%/%."%.()(%7*1()/(7%2%)%9-(%,/%K,):%""(@%/0(%/%/,4%5(,)45%(4(6/)*6%%9/+9/%.%947%:(%\O\%]R0<%

synergies across sectors <0(%9+&),7(-%/%%/0*-%/(60"%4%&5%3,5%:(%6%9+4(7%.*/0%/0(%2,6*4*/5%9-(%2%)%6*/5%%)&,"*6%.,-/(%7*-+%-,4<%D)%3%,%-()*(-%%2%7(6("/),4*=(7%-,"*/,/*%"%-%49/*%"-@%9-(294%:*%&,-%*-%+)%796(7%,4%"&%.*/0%,&)*694/9),4%.,-/(%,"7%:,&,--(<%Z-(7%2%)%6%&("(),/*%"@%:*%&,-%3,"92,6/9)(%,4-%%)(-94/-%*"%/0(%6%+)%796/*%"%%2%2()/*4*=()<%T,",&(3("/%%2%+4,-/*6%.,-/(%%"%/0(%-,3(%-*/(%.%947%29)/0()%6("/),4*=(%.,-/(%,73*"*-/),/*%"%2%)%#$%&'"(<

challenges [,-*6%-()1*6(-@%-960%,-%)%,7-%,"7%-,"*/,/*%"%39-/%:(%3,*"/,*"(7%,"7%G%","6(7%/%%-9++%)/%/0(%6%"1()-*%"%%2%/0(%K,):%""(%,)(,%,-%,%3,C%)%.,-/(%3,",&(3("/%09:<%T,);(/%,",45-*-% *-%"((7(7%/%%7(/()3*"(%%1(),44%1*,:*4*/5%%2%/0(% *"/(&),/(7%-5-/(3%,"7%/%% *7("/*25%3,);(/-<%<0*-%)(A9*)(-%+9:4*6%("&,&(3("/%,"7%(796,/*%"%/%%,4/()%.,-/(%3,",&(3("/%0,:*/-%/0,/%.*44%:("(G%6*,445%)(7*)(6/%.,-/(%H%%.-<

node 7: eco-industrial park

Potential ‘Eco-Industrial’ park at Existing Darbonne Sugarmil

37

Medium Scale Biodigestor at Darbonne

I%/("/*,4%4%6,/*%"-\%-60%%4@%0%-+*/,4@%6%339"*/5%6("/()

a%K%3(%^%+4,-/*6%7*&(-/()-a%T94/*+4(%*"4(/-a%],-%2%)%6%%;*"&a%])(("%-+,6(%%+/*%"

I%/("/*,4%4%6,/*%"-\%-9&,)%3*44@%7,*)5%2,)3@%6("/),4*=(7%%)&,"*6%.,-/(%3,",&(3("/

a%],-%2%)%0(,/*"&%%)%6%3:*"(7%0(,/%,"7%+%.()a%F(A9*)(-%?(H+()/%6%"-/)96/*%"@%%+(),/*%"%,"7%3,*"/(","6(%-;*44-

Industrial Scale Biodigestor

a%F(796(%7(2%)(-/,/*%"a%!3+)%1(%-,"*/,/*%"%+),6/*6(a%!3+)%1(%39"*6*+,4%.,-/(%3,",&(3("/a%X3%;(4(--%6%%;*"&a%8*&0%A9,4*/5%2()/*4*=()a%F(796(%]8]%(3*--*%"-

Biodigestor Benefi ts

!2% /0(% %)&,"*6% .,-/(% &("(),/(7% *"% /0(%6*/5% *-% 9-(7% ,/%K,):%""(% 2%)% +)%796*"&%(4(6/)*6*/5@%/0(%/%/,4%5(,)45%(4(6/)*6%%9/+9/%.%947%:(%\O\%]R0W5)

<0*-% *-% (A9,4% /%% /0(% )(6%)7(7% (4(6/)*6%6%"-93+/*%"%%2%,:%9/%_%3*44*%"%8,*/*,"-%*"%\LLP%A%22>&)*7%&("(),/*%"%"%/%/,;("%*"/%%,66%9"/B

Energy Output Burning vs. Biogas

38

citations and attributions

4 Integration of Critical Infrastructure ... Pena, Ana C.; Ward, Miriam 5 Upland Intervention Sites Pena, Ana C.

3 Haiti Overview Alberto, Dominic; Capobianco, Rocco

6 Upland Site Overview Owens, Ayan Section of Power System Plaat, Daniel 7 Wind Turbine Site Plan Plaat, Daniel 8 Wind Site 1 Plaat, Daniel Wind Site 2 Plaat, Daniel Turbine Elevation and Plan Plaat, Daniel 9 40 Acre Solar Farm Pena, Ana C.10 Floating Solar Array Todd Weedy, NY Times Example of Upper Reservoir Gu, Jie Solar Panels with Agriculture Korb, Heatther; Owens, Ayan11 Energy System Co-location Bene ts Pena, Ana C.12 Rendering of Pump Water System Gu, Jie Pumped Hydro Storage Plan and Elevation Gu, Jie

Horizontal and Vertical Distance ... Gu, Jie13 Proposed Reservoirs Korb, Heatther; Pena, Ana C.; Velivasaki, Artemis14 Momance River Delta Pena, Ana C.; Velivasaki, Artemis Reservoir Capacity Korb, Heatther; Pena, Ana C.; Velivasaki, Artemis15 Shoreline Interventions Korb, Heatther16 Zone 1: Arial View Bliham, Rodger

Reef Ball Mold System Reef Ball, 2011. http://www.reefball.org/ Zone 2: Momance River Delta NASA; Digital Globe17 Riparian Strategy: Patch, Corridor, Matrix Kacker, Priya18 Riparian Buffer Layout and Illustration Pena, Ana C.; Kacker, Priya Flooding and Temperature Control Kacker, Priya Ecological Services Riparian Buffer, http://en.wikipedia.org/19 Application of Bank Stabilization ... Pena, Ana C.20 Riparian Buffer Physiology Haley Heard, Riparian Urbanism, Massichusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://www.asla.org/2010studentawards/400.html21 Permaculture Ecovillage Compound Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather22 Proposed Permaculture Ecovillage... Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather Permaculture Site Overview Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather Permaculture Ecovillage Compound Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather Compounds Arrayed Around Man-Made... Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather Compound Layout Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather Compound Perspective Kinariwala, Danish; Korb, Heather23 Downtown Infrastructural Nodes Ward, Miriam24 Web Of Infrastructural Nodes Ward, Miriam Existing Site Functions Ward, Miriam25 Existing Site Context Ward, Miriam26 Community Hub Proposed Site Plan Ward, Miriam Site Material Flow Diagram Ward, Miriam Stormwater Storage Under Soccer Field... Ward, Miriam 27 Perspective of Proposed Site Kahn, Dania; Mauricio, Jessica Section with Program Relationships Kahn, Dania; Mauricio, Jessica28 New Market Center...Plan Kahn, Dania; Mauricio, Jessica Organic Waste Logistics and Quanti cation Kahn, Dania; Ward, Miriam29 Proposed Nursing School Campus Site ... Cummings, Steven30 Plastic Waste Logistics and Quanti cation Ivleva, Julia; Ward, Miriam31 Upland Node Context Ivleva, Julia Upland Node Plan Ivleva, Julia Upland Node Section Ivleva, Julia32 Elevation of New Intermodal Center Morasco, Lisa33 Waste Collection Network Celikgil, Nuri34 Waste Collection Incentivization Celikgil, Nuri Waste Collection Points Celikgil, Nuri35 Transfer Station North Celikgil, Nuri Section through Transfer Station Celikgil, Nuri Biodigestor Calculations Miara, Ariel

37 Industrial Scale Biodigestor Ameresco Intelligent Systems, 2012. http://www.epsway.com/products-solutions/ Medium Scale Biodigestor at Darbonne Ashden, 2012. http://www.ashden.org/biogas Energy Output Burning vs. Biogas Miara, Ariel

© 2012, All rights reserved.