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Planning CAIPlanning CAI

LessonsLessons

Dr. Ennis-ColeDr. Ennis-ColeCECS 5130CECS 5130

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Designing LessonDesigning Lesson

SequencesSequences

1. Fixed Lesson Sequences1. Fixed Lesson Sequences

2. Avoid Unnecessary2. Avoid Unnecessary

n!or"a#ionn!or"a#ion

3. $evie% &as# n!or"a#ion3. $evie% &as# n!or"a#ion

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Top-DownTop-Down

ProgrammingProgramming&ro'le"s&ro'le"s((

n!lexi'le Fini#e &roceduresn!lexi'le Fini#e &rocedures

Di!!icul#y )ain#ainin*Di!!icul#y )ain#ainin*

Di!!icul#y De'u**in*Di!!icul#y De'u**in*

Useless - S#ar# +verUseless - S#ar# +ver

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FlowchartingFlowcharting

1. Lineari#y1. Lineari#y

,)ain#ain Con#rol,)ain#ain Con#rol

,)ini"ie Co"lexi#y,)ini"ie Co"lexi#y

- /o ndividual Di!!erences- /o ndividual Di!!erences-n!lexi'le Unnecessary-n!lexi'le Unnecessary

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BranchingBranching

BranchingBranching

+ Instructional vs. Program+ Instructional vs. Program+ Forward+ Forward

+ Backward+ Backward

+ Random+ Random

+ Conditional+ Conditional

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BranchingBranching

1. ns#ruc#ional vs. &ro*ra"1. ns#ruc#ional vs. &ro*ra"

As i# &er#ains #o a LessonAs i# &er#ains #o a Lesson

Siin* Adacen# ns#ruc#ionSiin* Adacen# ns#ruc#ion

Avoidin* &rac#ice $ou#ines 4ain* #e 4es#Avoidin* &rac#ice $ou#ines 4ain* #e 4es#

2. For%ard2. For%ard

)ovin* #o a oin# Fur#er in #e lesson)ovin* #o a oin# Fur#er in #e lesson

Lesson or S#uden# Con#rolLesson or S#uden# Con#rol

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BranchingBranching

1. 6ac%ard1. 6ac%ard

)ovin* !ro" a Curren# &oin# #o a &revious .)ovin* !ro" a Curren# &oin# #o a &revious .

$ee#i#ion o! Lesson Se*"en#s$ee#i#ion o! Lesson Se*"en#s

$e#urnin* #o )ain )enus 7el Sequences or$e#urnin* #o )ain )enus 7el Sequences or

ns#ruc#ionsns#ruc#ions

2. $ando"2. $ando" Use!ul %en Sequencin* in Uni"or#an#Use!ul %en Sequencin* in Uni"or#an#

Un!ixed +rder o! Lesson Execu#ionUn!ixed +rder o! Lesson Execu#ion

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BranchingBranching

A'solu#e vs. Condi#ionalA'solu#e vs. Condi#ional

A'solu#e occurs a# !ixed oin#s %i#in #eA'solu#e occurs a# !ixed oin#s %i#in #e

lesson and %ill occur in all caseslesson and %ill occur in all cases

Condi#ional occurs only under rescri'edCondi#ional occurs only under rescri'ed

condi#ionscondi#ions

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BranchingBranching A'solu#eA'solu#e

All learners u" #o #e sa"e sec#ion o! a lessonAll learners u" #o #e sa"e sec#ion o! a lesson

Ex( $e#urn #o Con#rollin* )odule )ain )enuEx( $e#urn #o Con#rollin* )odule )ain )enu 7as no#in* #o do %i# lesson er!or"ance or a7as no#in* #o do %i# lesson er!or"ance or a

s#uden#8s %isess#uden#8s %ises

Fixed - occur a# *iven oin#sFixed - occur a# *iven oin#s

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BranchingBranching

Condi#ionalCondi#ional

Execu#es only under rescri'ed circu"s#ancesExecu#es only under rescri'ed circu"s#ances

S#uden# $eques# Di!!icul#yS#uden# $eques# Di!!icul#y

)as#ery Levels can 'e 'uil#-in)as#ery Levels can 'e 'uil#-in

&er"i#s Lesson Con#rol&er"i#s Lesson Con#rol

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InfniteInfnite

LoopsLoops

ProgrammingProgrammingandand

ConceptualConceptual

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Conceptual LoopsConceptual Loops

nadequa#e &lannin*nadequa#e &lannin*

)ore easily o'served in cons#ruc#ed resonse)ore easily o'served in cons#ruc#ed resonse

!or"a#s deenden# on sellin* or rules o!!or"a#s deenden# on sellin* or rules o!

*ra""ar*ra""ar

)ore easily roduced in #ass #a# are di!!icul#)ore easily roduced in #ass #a# are di!!icul#

!or #e s#uden# #o co"reend!or #e s#uden# #o co"reend

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ConceptualConceptualLoopsLoops

Error Coun#ers Condi#ions !or al#erna#iveError Coun#ers Condi#ions !or al#erna#ive

'rancin*'rancin* 9ud*e resonses aroria#ely consider9ud*e resonses aroria#ely consider

issues o! case sellin* "ul#ile resonsesissues o! case sellin* "ul#ile resonses

&ro"# s#uden#s *uide #e" #o s#ruc#ure&ro"# s#uden#s *uide #e" #o s#ruc#urearoria#e resonses 'y #e %ordin* o!aroria#e resonses 'y #e %ordin* o!

ques#ionsques#ions

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Moes an DesignsMoes an Designs

o! CAIo! CAI

4u#orials4u#orials

&resen# /e% in!or"a#ion sills or conce#s&resen# /e% in!or"a#ion sills or conce#s

Sel!-Con#ainedSel!-Con#ained

:eri!ica#ion and $ein!orce"en#:eri!ica#ion and $ein!orce"en#

;ell-De!ined +'ec#ives;ell-De!ined +'ec#ives

Aroria#e Feed'acAroria#e Feed'ac

Direc# S#uden#s

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A"antages o!A"antages o!

TutorialsTutorials

Factual Information, SimpleFactual Information, Simple

Discriminations, Rules, ApplicationsDiscriminations, Rules, Applications

of Rules, Learners Paceof Rules, Learners PaceThemselvesThemselves

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Limitations o! TutorialsLimitations o! Tutorials

1. Desi*n 4i"e1. Desi*n 4i"e

2. Di!!icul#y 4eacin* 7i*-+rdered Sills2. Di!!icul#y 4eacin* 7i*-+rdered Sills

3. Dulica#ion o! ns#ruc#ion3. Dulica#ion o! ns#ruc#ion

=. Co"lexi#y and &rac#icali#y=. Co"lexi#y and &rac#icali#y

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Drill # PracticeDrill # Practice

A"antagesA"antages Practice well-efne S$illsPractice well-efne S$ills

%&er Immeiate Fee'ac$%&er Immeiate Fee'ac$

A"oi (nchec$e )rror *esponsesA"oi (nchec$e )rror *esponses

Clear DirectionsClear Directions

Assume Basic In!ormation wasAssume Basic In!ormation was

Taught )lsewhereTaught )lsewhere Minimi+e (nrelate ,arrati"e anMinimi+e (nrelate ,arrati"e an

Proceural compleit.Proceural compleit.

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Limitations o! Drill #Limitations o! Drill #

PracticePractice

/0 )lectronic Flash Cars1/0 )lectronic Flash Cars1*esponses onl.*esponses onl.

20 Process *emains (nco"ere20 Process *emains (nco"ere

30 Limite Potential30 Limite Potential 40 Aitional Stuent 5uiance40 Aitional Stuent 5uiance

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A"antages o!A"antages o!

SimulationsSimulations

/0 Alternati"e Teaching S.stems/0 Alternati"e Teaching S.stems

20 Cause-an-)&ect *elationships20 Cause-an-)&ect *elationshipscan 'e Stuie1 Thin$ing1 )"aluationcan 'e Stuie1 Thin$ing1 )"aluation

30 )liminate Danger1 i6cult.30 )liminate Danger1 i6cult.

40 Scenarios1 7igh-felit. images140 Scenarios1 7igh-felit. images1Belie"a'le CircumstancesBelie"a'le Circumstances

80 )mphasis on Processes180 )mphasis on Processes1

ProceuresProceures

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Disa"antages o!Disa"antages o!

SimulationsSimulations

Pro'lem Sophistication

Cost Issues

Lesson Design

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InstructionalInstructional

5ames5ames Advan#a*es(

Co"e#i#ion Develo $ein!orce and re!ine

asec#s o! learnin*

;ell unders#ood &rovides exlici# *uidelines

and ar#icia#ory rules

A##rac#ive and "o#iva#ional

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InstructionalInstructional

5ames5ames Disadvan#a*es(

En#er#ain"en# :alue

ncon*ruen# $e%ard S#ruc#ure !or ncorrec#

Ans%ers

)ini"al nciden#al Learnin*

Excessive Use o! Co"u#in* &o%er

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TheThe

)n)n Thats all folks...Thats all folks...