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Planning document

Heat is our element

Planning document Issue 01/2009

Solid fuel boilerLogano S151, S231 and S241/SX241with 15 kW to 52 kW

Contents

Contents

1 Buderus solid fuel boiler Logano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

1.1 Types and output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.2 Possible applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.3 Features and key benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2 Basic principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.1 Why heat with wood? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.2 Wood as fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3 Preparation of logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 Combustion process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.5 Correct heating with wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.6 Planning wood boiler systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

3 Technical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.1 Logano S151 wood gasification boiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.2 Logano S231 special wood boiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.3 Logano S241/SX241 special wood boiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193.4 Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.5 Boiler parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4 Regulations and operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

4.1 Extracts from the regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264.2 German Immissions Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264.3 Operating requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274.4 Corrosion protection in heating systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

5 Sizing the wood boiler system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

5.1 Basic principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.2 Dual-fuel boiler combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.3 Stand-alone wood boiler systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6 Sizing the buffer cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

6.1 Necessity of the buffer cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.2 Determining the size of the buffer cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326.3 Selection of the Buderus Logalux buffer cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386.4 Freshwater station in connection with Buderus buffer cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

7 Heating control unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

7.1 Logamatic 2114 control unit for Logano S151 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487.2 SX control units for Logano S231 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497.3 Control units for Logano S241/SX241 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507.4 Control units for additional control functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517.5 Function overview of control configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537.6 Logamatic 4121 control unit as stand-alone heating circuit controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

2 Technical guide to solid fuel boilers Logano S151, S231 and S241/SX241 – 01/2009

Contents

8 System examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

8.1 Information regarding all system examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558.2 Safety equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568.3 Stand-alone wood combustion systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 588.4 Dual-fuel boiler systems (alternative operation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628.5 Dual-fuel boiler systems (serial operation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668.6 Hydraulic detail for wall mounted gas boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

9 Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

9.1 Transport and handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839.2 Installation room conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839.3 Installed dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859.4 Additional safety equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 869.5 Additional accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

10 Flue system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

10.1 General requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9410.2 Flue connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9410.3 Flue gas parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

11 Annex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

3Technical guide to solid fuel boilers Logano S151, S231 and S241/SX241 – 01/2009

1 Buderus solid fuel boiler Logano

1 Buderus solid fuel boiler Logano

1.1 Types and output

Logano S151 in six boiler sizes with rated output from 14.9 kW to 40 kW (maximum log length: 0.33 m for 15 kW and 20 kW; 0.5 m for 25 kW to 40 kW).

Logano S231 in one boiler size with rated output from 33 kW to 52 kW (maximum log length: 0.5 m).

Logano S241 and SX241 (with Lambda control) each in three boiler sizes and rated output from 23 kW to 30 kW (maximum log length: 0.5 m).

Can be combined with buffer cylinders, thermal store buffer cylinders, combi cylinders and thermal store combi cylinders with different capacities.

1.2 Possible applications

Buderus solid fuel boilers Logano S151, Logano S231 and Logano S241/SX241 are suitable for all heating systems compliant with DIN EN 12828. They are used for central and DHW heating in detached and two-

family houses. Subject to application, supply reliability or charging options, they are used in stand-alone heating system or so-called dual-fuel boiler combinations.

1.3 Features and key benefits

1.3.1 Logano S151 wood gasification boiler

● Low emissions

Performance better than the limits set by the German Immissions Act.

● High efficiency

Radiation and standby heat losses are kept low through excellent thermal insulation.

● Clean combustion and efficient operation

The boiler is designed for low down combustion (down draught principle) and is ideally suited to wood combustion. The boiler is charged from the front.

The combustion chamber is lined with fireclay and equipped with flue gas reversal, resulting in high fuel utilisation and low emissions.

● Convenient operation

The boiler is equipped with a heat-up flap for easy heat-up and safe recharging.

The hopper and ash compartments are sized for convenient, continuous combustion times.

● Safety

For operation in sealed unvented heating systems to DIN EN 12 828, the boiler is equipped as standard with a safety heat exchanger. Excess heat is transferred via this exchanger and a thermally activated safety valve (available as an accessory) up to the full boiler output. The heat exchanger is TÜV-approved.

As standard, a flue gas fan is fitted to assist with starting, as a security feature when recharging, to control output and balance out draught fluctuations in the flue system.


Buderus solid fuel boiler Logano 1

1.3.2 Logano S231 special wood boiler

● Low emissions

Performance better than the limits set by the German Immissions Act.

● High efficiency

The combination of low down combustion with the patented TURBOAIR secondary combustion, plus the generously sized heating surfaces enable high boiler efficiency levels to be achieved.

● Robust and durable

All surfaces in contact with hot gases are made from 10 mm thick steel. Maintenance-intensive parts and sensors have been deliberately excluded.

● Convenient operation

A sloping hopper door in conjunction with the flue gas fan ensure safe and easy charging. Nominal combustion time up to seven hours at full load means convenient heating.

● Easy maintenance and cleaning

The extremely clean combustion and completely smooth heating surfaces make cleaning a very quick affair. A large ash box, large cleaning door and cleaning apertures on both sides makes for easy handling.

1.3.3 Logano S241/SX241 special wood boiler

● Clean combustion and efficient operation

Wood gasification boiler with low down combustion and a fireclay-lined combustion chamber with flue gas reversal for clean combustion and highest efficiency.

● Lowest emissions

Performance significantly better than the limits set by legal orders and current subsidy programmes (at the time of going to print).

● Easy and convenient operation

Long combustion times up to 6 hours thanks to the large hopper.

Logano S241– Standard control unit with integral differential

temperature control for buffer cylinder heating and as protection against unintentional buffer discharge.

Logano SX241– Ixtronic control unit with Lambda control for

regulating the buffer cylinder primary pump.

● Quick installation, commissioning and maintenance

Easy integration of boiler into an existing system. Easily accessible combustion chamber and secondary combustion zone with smooth heating surfaces for easy cleaning.


2 Basic principles

2 Basic principles

2.1 Why heat with wood?

Rethinking energy consumption

The constant expansion of the supply network for the fossil fuels natural gas and fuel oil, and a somewhat one-sided ecological perception meant that over the past decades, solid fuels had the rather dubious reputation of being "dirty" and "old hat". Advanced wood boilers are now proving the opposite, supported by a rethink of our energy consumption in general. However, the above circumstances resulted, particularly in Germany, in a drastic decline in the sales, planning and installation of solid fuel boilers. In general, this was accompanied by a loss of expertise in engineering and the trade. This document is designed to give engineers and heating system builders a solid foundation for the technically sound planning and implementation of advanced heating systems with wood boilers.

In discussing energy resources, the environment and climate protection, the quest for environmentally compatible and sustainable fuels increasingly gains in importance. The main focus currently lies with the utilisation of solar energy. However, particularly wood as a fuel that stores solar energy offers crucial benefits compared with other – especially fossil – fuels.

CO2 neutral combustion

During combustion, wood releases the same amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) as it absorbs during its lifetime. Photosynthesis keeps the carbon dioxide within the perpetual cycle: plants and trees absorb CO2, minerals, water (H2O) and sunlight whilst they grow, and in return give off, amongst other things, oxygen (O2) to their surroundings (➔ 6/1).

Oil and gas as fossil fuels bound their carbon millions of years ago. When they are burned – today in enormous quantities – is no CO2 cycle, unlike with wood combustion.

Sustainable energy form

Wood is a sustainable raw material and fuel that is constantly regrown, not least because of solar energy. When wood burns, the "stored" solar energy is released. In sustainable forestry, there is a constant supply of wood that can be used as a material, raw material and fuel. The sustainable forestry economy thereby contributes to the protection and retention of the forest ecosystem that is vital to our survival.

Low supply energy expenditure and environmentally responsible handling

Wood does not grow in any one central location and therefore necessitates no long transport paths that could be detrimental to the environment. Preparing wood as a fuel does not require much energy and is low tech compared to other types of fuel. Wood can be transported and stored without any great risk to the environment.

Apart from these and all the other benefits of wood as a fuel, it should be noted that wood from German sustainable forestry can only cover a part of the current primary energy consumption. Consequently, wood can be only one of many energy forms that mankind needs to learn to use sustainably. However, of all the alternative renewable fuels, wood is the one with the largest potential that can be made available quickly and easily.

Correctly applied, the combustion of wood provides heating with excellent environmental credentials. The quality of the energy conversion depends largely on the operating method of the system user, the hydraulic integration and control, the design of the heat source and the fuel itself. The above aspects should be illustrated in this document using the combustion of logs in central heating boilers, the currently most common form of utilising wood as fuel, by way of an example.

6/1 Photosynthesis and CO2 cycle

H2O

O2

CO2

Carbon (C)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Combustion

Oxygen(O2)

Carbon (C)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Rotting

Oxygen(O2)

6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2Chlorophyll


Basic principles 2

2.2 Wood as fuel

2.2.1 Wood compared with other solid fuels

Essentially, wood is made from cellulose and lignin. Subject to the type of wood, resin, fats and oils are also present. The elementary composition of different types

of wood is very similar. However, the difference to other solid fuels is substantial.

2.2.2 Calorific value of different types of wood

The different chemical composition alone makes clear that for ecologically and economically optimised fuel utilisation, different solid fuel boilers must be used that are tailored to the specific fuel type.

The fuel composition gives wood a lower specific calorific value than other fuel types. The specific

calorific values of the various types of wood are relevant for an economic comparison.

Hardwood, such as beech has a higher calorific value, relative to volume, than softwood. However, the calorific value of wood is strongly dependent on the moisture content of the wood.

2.2.3 Units of measurement for wood

To determine an amount of wood, there are many units of measurement that must be carefully differentiated. The following table summarises the most common units of measurement.

Conversion

1 solid cubic metre corresponds to 1.4 stacked cubic metres.

1 tipped cubic metre corresponds to 0.6 stacked cubic metres.

Constituents and calorific value Solid fuel

Wood (air dried) Lignite briquettes Anthracite Coke

Carbon (C) % 42 55 82 83

Hydrogen (H) % 5 5.5 4 1

Oxygen (O) % 37 18 4 0.5

Nitrogen (N) % – 1 1 1

Sulphur (S) % – 0.5 0.5 0.5

Water (H2O) % 15 15 3.5 5

Ash % 1 1 5 9

Calorific value kWh/kg 4.1 5.4 8.8 8.0

7/1 Chemical composition in percent and calorific values of solid fuels

Type of wood Calorific value1)

1) Wood in an air dried state with 15 % water content

Comparison of calorific values

kWh/kgkWh/

stacked cubic metreNatural gas L

kWh/m³Natural gas E2)

kWh/m³

2) Share of natural gas E in Germany approx. 75 %

OilkWh/l

PelletkWh/kg

Beech, oak, ash ≈ 4.1 ≈ 2 100

≈ 7.8 ≈ 9.8 ≈ 9.8 – 10 ≈ 4.8 – 5

Maple, birch ≈ 4.2 ≈ 1 900

Poplar ≈ 4.1 ≈ 1 200

Spruce, larch, douglas fir ≈ 4.4 ≈ 1 700

Pine, fir ≈ 4.5 ≈ 1 500

7/2 Specific calorific value of wood

Round timberin solid

cubic metres

Stacked timberin stere or stacked

cubic metres

Logs (0.33 m)in tipped

cubic metres

1 1.4 2.0

0.7 1 1.4

0.4 0.6 1

7/3 Units of measurement for wood


2 Basic principles

2.3 Preparation of logs

2.3.1 Moisture content of wood

Wet wood always offers less available heat than dry wood, i.e. the wetter the wood the less available energy there is.

The water content in wood evaporates during combustion. This process requires energy. Consequently, with an increasing water content in the wood, a corresponding proportion of the energy contained therein is lost with the water vapour and can therefore not be used for heating purposes. In principle, the utilisation of the heat in the water vapour – condensing technology – would also be possible here, but its development is currently not ready for the market.

Freshly cut "green" wood contains more than 50 % water and consequently offers only half the calorific value of dry wood with 15 % water content (➔ 8/1).

It is therefore uneconomical and harmful to burn wet wood, as with a water content in excess of 25 % to 30 %, smouldering fire with prohibited smoke development and unpleasant fumes can result. The high water content reduces the combustion temperature. Increased soot and tar formation, the risk of soot deposits forming in the chimney and a general increase in harmful emissions will result.

Therefore, to prevent combustion with greater environmental damage, only air dried wood with a water content below 20 % should be used for heating.

Key to diagramHi Calorific valueϕ Moisture contentw Water content

2.3.2 Splitting logs

For optimum combustion, it is particularly important that the pieces of wood are split. The wood should be split immediately after being felled. Splitting is beneficial to drying, as a specific larger surface area is available that enables or accelerates the drying process. However, there is an even greater value to splitting that is explained by means of a statement that on initial inspection would seem rather provocative: "Wood does not burn, it develops gases".

Wood fuel consists predominantly of gaseous materials that are easily flammable near a source of ignition. Good gas development is therefore required to provide good, quick combustion. Good gas development is (only) assured at the "fractured" point, making splitting a must. The mechanics of wood combustion are substantially different to those of burning liquid or gaseous fuels. To keep this text

comprehensible, there will be no detailed description here of the complex processes involved.

A further influencing factor for the optimum combustion of wood is not only the splitting of the firewood, but also its physical size. For small combustion systems in detached and two-family houses, the maximum diameter or maximum edge length should never exceed 15 cm. Compared to their mass, smaller pieces of wood have a greater surface area than large pieces. They ignite much more easily and offer the flame a larger area of attack, bringing about drying, degasification and burnout more rapidly. Larger pieces of wood can slow down combustion if they have an unfavourable ratio between volume and surface area. Inevitably, this leads to lower combustion temperatures and higher noxious emissions.

8/1 Calorific value (approximately) of wood, subject to water content

00 10 20 30 40 60

1

2

4,3

4

3

5

5015

2,3

11 18

w [%]H

i [kW

h/kg

]

0 25 43 67 150100

ϕ [%]


Basic principles 2

2.3.3 Drying of firewood (split logs)

Storage location

Apart from the mechanical processing steps, the correct storage of wood is important. The water content of freshly split logs stored in the open under a roof is not only dependent on the length of storage but also on the ambient influences.

A log that is ready for use should be stored loosely and be protected from rain by a roof. In addition it should be ensured that there is a gap between the individual layers of wood to enable the flowing air to absorb the expelled moisture (➔ 9/1). Never store fresh wood in a cellar, as it would not sufficiently dry there; instead hydraulic obstruction would result.

Splits logs should ideally be piled up in a well ventilated, sunny, south-facing spot protected from rain. Wood should therefore not be packed in foil or similar when stored to dry. During the drying phase, good ventilation is the most crucial factor.

Storage duration

Rule of thumb: for softwood, at least one year; for hardwood at least two years of drying are required. Two to three years' drying are preferable (➔ 9/2).

Key to diagramϕ Moisture contenttL Storage duration

9/1 Wood storage (dimensions in cm)

5–1020–30

5–10

9/2 General diagram of the moisture content of firewood compared to the length of storage

10

Januar Juli Januar Juli Januar

20

30

40

50

60

ϕ [%

]

tL [Monate]


2 Basic principles

2.4 Combustion process

2.4.1 Combustion chamber for wood

Wood is rich in gases and therefore a fuel that produces a flame for a long time (➔ 10/1); consequently it requires a sufficiently large combustion chamber for the combustion process.

The actual idealised combustion process can be split into several phases (➔ 10/2).

Key to diagrama Cokeb Forge coalc Lignite briquettesd Wood

2.4.2 Combustion phases of wood

For reasons of simplicity and daily use, we should differentiate between the following combustion phases (➔ 10/2)

● Drying phase The fuel begins to be dried as soon as combustion starts. In this phase, above 100 °C the water contained in the wood evaporates and is removed from the fuel.

● Degasification phase After drying, at temperatures above 250 °C the wood degasifies. At this temperature, the wood begins to split open and the constituents of wood, such as cellulose, resins, oils etc. degasify.

At temperatures above 500 °C, almost the entire cellulose will have been converted into the gaseous phase. After these volatile constituents have developed into gases, the charcoal (solid carbon constituents) then gasifies.

● Combustion phase The combustion (oxidation) of the released gases commences at approx. 700 °C and in reality reaches temperatures in excess of 1200 °C.

In a single piece of wood, all phases can occur simultaneously from the inside out. High combustion temperatures and long dwell times of the gases in the combustion zone ensure good combustion with minimum noxious emissions. One prerequisite for this is an adequate supply of combustion air, since wood should burn with a constant flame.

Key to diagramt Time1 Ignition2 Drying3 Degasification (pyrolysis)4 Gasification of solid carbon particles5 Combustion of the products of degasification and gasification

10/1 Flame length for different fuels

75

45

15

1

a b c dVo

latil

e co

nstit

uent

s [%

]

10/2 Wood combustion phases in time sequence

1

23

4

5

t [s]

Com

bust

ion

over

tim

e


Basic principles 2

2.4.3 Low down combustion principle

In low down combustion, only the lowest layer of the fuel bed is involved in combustion. The combustion gases released in the area of the primary air are routed by a flue fan into a combustion chamber below (down draught for the Logano S151 and S241/SX241) or next to the fuel hopper (for the Logano S231), where they burn (secondary combustion) with added secondary air.

The wood located above the incandescent zone acts as fuel reserve that automatically falls down as the current charge burns, enabling a practically continuous fuel charge.

The combustion principle of low down combustion combined with the large fill volume means that there is no need for frequent recharging. Combustion can take up to five hours or longer (➔ 11/2).

Low down combustion enables a relatively continuous pyrolytic decomposition and degasification of the fuel. This improves the matching of the combustion air volume to the released amount of combustion gases. The result is good complete combustion and consequently a high combustion quality.

Key to diagram (➔ 11/2)t Time

11/1 Low down combustion principle

11/2 Low down combustion

Secondary

Prim

ary

t [s]

Com

bust

ion

over

tim

e [g

/s]


2 Basic principles

2.5 Correct heating with wood

To prevent unnecessary pollution users should pay particular attention to the heating operation. Only fuel that is intended for the specific boiler should be used.

Even this apparently trivial requirement is frequently ignored in practical applications, although it is one of the most critical conditions to be met.

2.5.1 Correct charging

Wood needs to be heated up and burned with an adequate supply of combustion air and with a flame. Therefore use kindling for heating up. This enables a high combustion speed with the result that a good incandescence builds up.

After the heat-up process, correct charging is also crucial for good combustion results with low emissions. The most common practice, i.e. to fill the boiler to the brim and then let all the fuel burn, is (in operation without a buffer cylinder) fundamentally wrong. The consequences of poor partial load operation are severe tar and soot formation, soot emissions, additional

boiler contamination, low efficiency and high levels of emissions. Only via measured charging, tailored to the heat consumption, can satisfactory operation be achieved. Practical results provide clear evidence that in partial load operation with a fully charged combustion chamber and insufficient heat consumption, dust and CO emissions can rise by a significant factor. The main condition for clean combustion in partial load operation is that less firewood should be filled more frequently, rather than a large amount at once.

2.5.2 Combustion air and boiler water temperature

Trouble-free and environmentally responsible combustion of wood can only be achieved, for the reasons stated above, with an adequate supply of combustion air and correspondingly high boiler water temperatures as well as a good temperature spread in the reaction zones. Particularly for central heating boilers with water-cooled heating surfaces, it is

important to operate the boiler with higher boiler water temperatures when burning wood. For wood boilers, boiler water temperatures above 65 °C are recommended. When heating up it should be noted that the cold start phase below 50 °C is passed as quickly as possible. Advanced control technology supports this operating mode.


Basic principles 2

2.6 Planning wood boiler systems

2.6.1 Boiler selection

Today, solid fuel boilers must compete in the most diverse areas with proven oil or gas boilers - naturally within the framework of fuel characteristics. By way of an example, we should mention reliability and handling. In addition, environmental compatibility is a central point of discussion in the current energy economy. Where the combustion of solid fuels is concerned, the 1st BImSchV and (regional) subsidy programmes [in Germany], which include some very strict limits regarding CO and dust, have propelled the development of advanced boilers forward. These demands have increased the trend towards special boilers, enabling current requirements to be met only with designs that are tailored to their specific type of fuel. Solid fuel boilers as "omnivores" or even "waste combustion systems" are therefore definitely a thing of the past.

The adjacent selection list demonstrates clearly that many criteria can or should be considered to make the right choice of boiler. Apart from fundamental requirements made of boiler technology, user demands must be clarified in the early stages of planning. Only that way can systems be planned, created and operated in a way that is satisfactory for all participants.

Selection criteria

● Separately selectable combustion air supply: the primary air for wood fuel (combustion chamber) and the secondary air for secondary combustion of the released hot gases (secondary combustion zone)

● Non-cooled secondary combustion zone with intensive mixing of air and hot gases

● Large secondary heating surfaces for good energy utilisation

● Combustion with adequate amounts of excess air

● High combustion temperatures with adequate hot gas dwell time

● Nominal combustion time to be achieved at full load

● Maximum length of split logs to be used

● Power consumption for essential auxiliary drives (fans, control drives, ...)

● Ease of service

● Possible system integration


2 Basic principles

2.6.2 Combination with a buffer cylinder

In conjunction with an adequately sized buffer cylinder, the problems often associated with partial load operation can be elegantly avoided. The wood boiler will then almost always operate in the full load range.

Benefits of a buffer cylinder

● The solid fuel boiler can always be operated in the advantageous full load range – now even during spring and autumn when there is a low heat demand, or in summer only for DHW heating.

● The utilisation of the boiler system can be extended to all-year operation when DHW heating in summer is included, resulting in a very favourable cost/benefit ratio.

● The economy of the solid fuel boiler system is raised to the highest level in several respects, and the fuel is utilised in the best possible way. Partial load operation with all its adverse operating results is sensibly avoided.

● Environmental pollution is significantly reduced as the solid fuel can be burned under ideal conditions and emissions are reduced.

● Smouldering combustion and its associated prohibited and avoidable environmental pollution are largely avoided.

● The control interval limits should be arranged so that the solid fuel boiler is fired at the most favourable times of the day. Even when burning solid fuel with a relatively low calorific value, such as wood, moderate heating operation at night can be maintained. The heat will be drawn from the buffer cylinder.

● Apart from convenience, comfort and economy are also improved by the automatic advanced heating control via the buffer cylinder. The operating results are therefore equal to any other advanced heating system.

● The system safety is markedly improved. The thermally activated safety valve rarely responds; in most systems it does not respond at all, subject to the buffer cylinder being adequately sized.

● Boiler maintenance is made substantially easier. There are no more solid deposits when dry wood, or wood that is not exclusively rich in resins, is burned.

2.6.3 Conclusion

Used correctly, wood is a fuel that makes ecological sense.

Correct engineering, installation and operation of an advanced wood boiler system requires well-grounded background knowledge regarding wood as a fuel.

This knowledge will result in the recognition that an adequately sized buffer cylinder is a must for such systems. For good reason then, buffer cylinders for wood boiler systems above 15 kW output are even a requirement specified by the German Immissions Act(➔ Chapter 4). Modern wood boilers in conjunction with a buffer cylinder offer operating results that must in no way be second best to oil/gas heating systems.

When planning a wood boiler system, many complex factors need to be considered to achieve the installation of a well-functioning, economical system. The interaction between well thought-out system design and a suitable, high grade boiler with controls to suit the specific fuel is the ticket to the environmentally compatible, futureproof utilisation of wood as a fuel.


Technical description 3

3 Technical description

3.1 Logano S151 wood gasification boiler

3.1.1 Logano S151 equipment level

General

● Output for detached houses and apartment buildings

● Combination boiler for dual-fuel boiler combinations or as a stand-alone heat source

● Logamatic 2114 control unit for simple connection to Buderus oil/gas boilers with Logamatic heating circuit control units

● Includes safety heat exchanger for the connection of a thermally activated safety valve

● Low emissions, significantly below the permissible limits set by the German Immissions Act

● Long combustion time

Output

● 14.9 kW to 40 kW

Fuels

● Logs (up to 0.33 m for 15 kW and 20 kW and up to 0.5 m for 25 kW to 40 kW)

Special features

● Down draught technology with specific primary and secondary air routing

● Fireclay-lined combustion chamber with flue gas reversal for low emissions

● Low down combustion with up to 86 % efficiency

● Minimum radiation losses through all-round good thermal insulation

● Fully automatic operation with heat-up monitoring after starting

● Hopper door with safety interlock

● Automatic fan start

● Heat-up flap with easy control from the front

● As standard with control unit, flue gas fan, cleaning tools and boiler fill & drain tap

● Display of all relevant temperatures by the Logamatic 2114 control unit

● Optimum system integration with automatically continuing operation, buffer cylinder primary pump with differential temperature control and buffer operation either in series or parallel

● Generously sized hopper

15/1 Logano S151 wood gasification boiler with Logamatic 2114 control unit



3.1.2 Logano S151 function description

General function characteristics

The Logano S151 wood gasification boilers operate according the the down draught principle. They can accommodate split logs up to 50 cm in length and achieve continuous combustion times in excess of four hours on account of their hoppers that can hold up to 170 l.

The excellent all-round thermal insulation keeps radiation losses very low. The boiler walls that are in contact with hot gases are robust thanks to their 6 mm wall thickness, and are designed for a long service life.

Heat-up process

● Pull heat-up flap and open (➔ 16/1, Item 4)

● Open hopper door (➔ 16/2, Item 11); the flue gas fan (➔ 16/1, Item 7) starts automatically charge with suitable kindling and ignite

● Close hopper door

● After an adequate bed of embers has been formed, the hopper can be fully charged with split logs

● Push heat-up flap and close. Combustion changes over to down draught.

The wood gases are degassed under full control in the higher hopper. The primary air required for this is directed by several apertures specifically towards the wood. The hot gases with added secondary combustion air (➔ 16/1, Item 9) are channelled via the jet stone to the secondary combustion zone in the fireclay-lined combustion chamber with flue gas reversal. The heat from the hot gases is transferred to the boiler water via the heating surface arranged below the combustion chamber. The hot gases flow towards the back and are drawn by the flue gas fan (Item 7) into the flue system. When the set maximum boiler temperature has been reached, the flue gas fan (Item 7) stops, and the output is substantially reduced. If the boiler water temperature falls (switching hysteresis), the flue gas fan starts again.

The hopper door located at the front (➔ 16/2, Item 11) allows the boiler to be easily charged from the front. Cleaning apertures are arranged at the sides and top of the flue gas header (Item 12). A cleaning set is part of the standard delivery of the boiler. Ash and combustion residues can be brushed into the combustion chamber by removing the jet (➔ 16/1, Item 8). There, removal from the front through the combustion chamber door (➔ 16/2, Item 10) with the ash shovel provided is very easy.

As standard, the Logano S151 is equipped with the Logamatic 2114 control unit (➔ 16/1, Item 5).

Key to diagram (➔ 16/1 and 16/2)1 Combustion chamber2 Primary ventilation air supply3 Hopper4 Heat-up flap control lever5 Logamatic 2114 control unit6 Flue path7 Flue gas fan8 Jet9 Secondary air supply10 Combustion chamber door11 Hopper door12 Flue gas header

16/1 Cross-section through the Logano S151


1

3

2

6

7

8

9

5

4

10

12

11



3.2 Logano S231 special wood boiler

3.2.1 Logano S231 equipment level

General


● Predominant use as a sole heat generator in stand-alone wood combustion systems, but may also be used in dual-fuel boiler combinations

● High energy utilisation through low down combustion with generously sized secondary heating surface

● Excellent emission values through specific air routing and the TURBOAIR secondary combustion

● High operating and maintenance convenience

Output

● 33 kW to 52 kW

Fuel types

● Logs (up to 0.5 m)

● Coarse chippings (> 5 cm)

● "Treated" wood (➔ 27/1 and 28/1)

● "Chipboard" (➔ 28/1)

Special features

● Rated boiler output factory-set to 33/37/42/47/52 kW

● Integral SX control unit

● Standard flue gas fan

● Standard servomotor for regulating the primary air supply

● 2 sight glasses for assessing the secondary combustion channels

17/1 Logano S231 special wood boiler with integral SX control unit



3.2.2 Logano S231 function description


The Logano S231 special wood boiler (➔ 18/1) operates with side combustion. It can accommodate split logs up to 50 cm in length, and achieves continuous combustion times of up to six hours on account of its hopper that can hold approx. 180 l. Its all-round good thermal insulation keeps radiation losses very low. With a 10 mm thick boiler wall in the combined hopper and combustion chamber areas, the Logano S231 is extremely robust and designed for a long service life.

The wood develops into gas under full control in the lower area of the combined hopper and combustion chamber. The primary air required for this process is supplied to the wood via air damper (➔ 18/1, Item 2).

The hot gases are supplied from the side with a turbulent flow into the fireclay-lined vertical secondary combustion channels (Item 10), and rotated and mixed with the preheated secondary air via specifically arranged apertures. This reduces the CO emissions to a minimum.

The turbulent combustion in the secondary combustion channels enables a homogeneous and even combustion reaction with a constant temperature of approx. 1100 °C. For this, additional tertiary apertures (Item 14) ensure an even combustion ratio between both secondary combustion channels.

As standard, the Logano S231 is equipped with a two-stage flue gas fan (Item 8) and the SX user interface (Item 4) with differential temperature control of the buffer cylinder primary pump.

The hopper door arranged at the top (Item 5) enables the boiler to be conveniently charged from above.

Key to diagram (➔ 18/1 and 18/2)1 Air damper in the ash door (quarter air apertures)2 Air damper for primary air A3 Servomotor for primary air damper4 SX control unit5 Hopper door6 Sight hole aperture7 Cleaning door8 Flue gas fan9 Secondary heating surfaces10 Secondary heating channels – the secondary heating zone is

separated from the hopper by a sheet steel wall as protection(not shown)

11 Cast iron insert grate12 Ash box13 Vertical grate14 Air damper for secondary and tertiary air B15 Combined hopper and combustion chamber16 Ash door


18/2 Cross-section through the Logano S231, TURBOAIR general arrangement

B

A

2

3

4

5

6 7

10

9

8

1

111214 13

15

16



3.3 Logano S241/SX241 special wood boiler

3.3.1 Logano S241/SX241 equipment level

General


● Predominant use as a sole heat generator in stand-alone wood combustion systems, but may also be used in dual-fuel boiler combinations

● S241 with base controller and SX241 with Ixtronic control unit and integral Lambda control

● Standard equipment level with safety heat exchanger for the connection of a thermally activated safety valve

● Lowest emissions, significantly below the permissible limits set by the German Immissions Act and currently applicable subsidy programmes

● High operating and maintenance convenience

● Highest energy utilisation through low down combustion with large secondary heating surface

Output

● 23 kW to 30 kW

Fuel types

● Logs (up to 0.5 m)

Special features

● Fireclay-lined combustion chamber with flue gas reversal for low emissions

● Minimum radiation losses through all-round good thermal insulation

● Standard two-stage flue gas fan

● Standard servomotors for regulating the primary and secondary air for optimum combustion

● Long service life through 6 mm thick boiler wall and 3 mm thick inserts made from heat-resistant sheet steel

19/1 Logano S241/SX241 special wood boiler



3.3.2 Logano S241/SX241 function description


The Logano S241 and SX241 special wood boilers (➔ 20/1), generally described as wood gasification boilers, operate in accordance with the down draught principle. They can accommodate split logs up to 50 cm in length and achieve continuous combustion times of up to six hours on account of their hoppers that can hold almost 130 l. The all-round thermal insulation with its thickness of 100 mm keeps radiation losses very low. With a 6 mm thick boiler wall and 3 mm thick replaceable inserts made from heat-resistant sheet steel in the combustion chamber, the boiler is extremely robust and designed for a long service life.

The wood gases are degassed under full control in the higher hopper (➔ 20/1, Item 9). The required primary air is directed specifically towards the wood through apertures in the hopper.

The hot gases mixed with secondary air enter the fireclay-lined combustion chamber with flue gas reversal through the jet stone leading into the secondary combustion zone. The clever design and generously sized secondary heating surface ensure a long dwell time for the wood gases in the secondary combustion zone. This results for all output sizes in efficiency levels of over 90 % and consistently very low CO emissions.

The Logano S241, equipped with a base controller, is fitted as standard with differential temperature control of the buffer cylinder primary pump. The Logano SX241 is also supplied with a Lambda probe and the Ixtronic control unit. In both versions, the two-stage flue gas fan as well as the primary and secondary combustion air are regulated separately from each other and thus ensure optimum combustion results.

The hopper door arranged at the front enables the boiler to be conveniently charged from the front. Easily accessible cleaning apertures are arranged at the sides and top of the flue gas header (Item 5). These enable convenient cleaning of the combustion chamber and secondary heating surfaces. A cleaning brush is part of the standard delivery of the boiler.

Key to diagram1 Large combustion chamber door2 Servomotors for primary and secondary air3 Hopper door4 Control unit5 Cleaning apertures6 Mineral wool thermal insulation7 Boiler wall8 Inserts made from heat resistant sheet steel9 Fireclay-lined hopper and combustion chamber


9

8

7

63

4

1

2

5



3.4 Dimensions and specification

3.4.1 Logano S151 dimensions and specification

21/1 Logano S151 wood gasification boiler dimensions (in mm)

Boiler size 15 20 25 30 35 40

Fuel Wood

Rated output kW 14.9 20 25 30 35 40

Combustion output kW 17.6 23.5 29.4 35.3 41.2 47.1

Length LLK

mmmm

930745

930745

1120935

1120935

1120935

1120935

Width B mm 730 730 730 730 730 790

HeightHeight excl. control unit

HHK

mm14701300

14701300

14701300

14701300

16101440

15101340

Transport WidthLengthHeight

mmmmmm

6557281274

6557281274

655918

1274

655918

1274

6559181414

7159261318

Flue outlet ∅DAA

HA

mmmm

1501060

1501060

1501060

1501060

1501200

1501100

Boiler flow VKHVK

Inchmm

R151250

R151250

R151250

R151250

R151390

R151290

Boiler return RKHRK

Inchmm

R1582

R1582

R1582

R1582

R1582

R1570

Drain EL Inch R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5

Safety heat exchanger SWT Inch R5 R5 R5 R5 R5 R5

Weight kg 360 360 435 435 470 470

Water capacity l 70 70 100 100 110 105

Hopper capacity l 88 88 132 132 170 170

Hopper depth mm 400 400 590 590 590 590

Hopper door WidthHeight

mmmm

430240

430240

430240

430240

430240

500285

Split log length m 0.33 0.33 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Nominal combustion time h > 4 > 4 > 4 > 4 > 4 > 4

Flue gas temperature °C 160–190 170–220 170–220 170–220 170–220 170–220

Flue gas mass flow rate kg/s 0.014 0.015 0.018 0.021 0.028 0.031

CO2 content % 9.5 11.9 12.9 13.0 11.2 12.0

Required draught Pa 15 15 17 20 20 25

Permissible flow temperature1)

1) Response point of the thermally activated safety valve; during operation no higher flow temperature than 90 °C must be selected

°C 95 95 95 95 95 95

Minimum return temperature °C 65 65 65 65 65 65

Permissible operating pressure bar 3 3 3 3 3 3

21/2 Logano S151 wood gasification boiler, dimensions and specification

B

ØDAA

SWT

VKLK

HVK

HRK

HAA

RK

H LHK

EL

1) 1)

2)

1) Test port, thermally activated safety valve (fem. R6) 2) Flow and return, safety heat exchanger (male R5)




22/1 Logano S231 special wood boiler dimensions (in mm)

Boiler size 40

Fuel Wood

Rated output1)

1) Setting a point output via air apertures (at the boiler) and draught stabiliser (at the chimney)

kW 33 / 37 / 42 / 47 / 52

Combustion heat output1) kW 40.1 / 45.0 / 51.3 / 57.1 / 63.2

Length L2)

LK

2) Where space is tight, the fan can be installed at a different point in the connection pipe (➔ 85/1)

mmmm

1 8851 315

Width B mm 590

Height H mm 1 270

Flue outlet ∅DAA

HAA

mmmm

1801 030

Boiler flow VKVSLHVK

InchInchmm

R5/4R1

1 145

Boiler return RKRSLHRK

InchInchmm

R5/4R1

320

Drain EL Inch R1

Weight kg 740

Water capacity l 140

Hopper capacity l 180

Hopper WidthDepthHeight

mmmmmm

370550885

Hopper door WidthDepth

mmmm

370550

Split log length m 0.5

Nominal combustion time h 6.0 / 5.5 / 5.0 / 4.5 / 4.0

Flue gas temperature °C 230 / 240 / 252 / 264 / 276

Flue gas mass flow rate kg/s 0.024 / 0.026 / 0.029 / 0.033 / 0.035

CO2 content % 13.3 / 13.6 / 13.9 / 14.3 / 14.6

Required draught Pa 19 / 21 / 23 / 25 / 27

Permissible flow temperature3)


°C 95

Minimum return temperature °C 40

Permissible operating pressure bar 3

22/2 Logano S231 special wood boiler, dimensions and specification

HVK

HRKRK

VK

EL

RSL

VSL

270

80100

110 120

HAA

225

H

1)

2)

3)

B

430

210

LK490

L

ØDAA

ØDAA

1) Test port (fem. R5)2) Flow and return safety heat exchanger (fem. R6)

3) Test port, thermally activated safety valve (fem. R5)




23/1 Logano S241 special wood boiler dimensions (in mm)

Boiler size 23 27 30

Fuel Wood

Rated output kW 23 27 30

Combustion output kW 25.2 29.8 33.3

Length LLK

mmmm

14171035

14171035

14171035

Width B mm 780 780 780

Height H mm 1450 1450 1450

Flue outlet ∅DAA

HAA

mmmm

1801342

1801342

1801342

Boiler flow VKHVK

Inchmm

R11190

R11190

R11190

Boiler return RKHRK

Inchmm

R1476

R1476

R1476

Drain EL Inch R5 R5 R5

Weight kg 700 700 700

Water capacity l 135 135 135

Hopper capacity l 128 128 128


mmmmmm

418550590

418550590

418550590

Charge aperture WidthHeight

mmmm

418240

418240

418240

Split log length m 0.5 0.5 0.5

Nominal combustion time h 6 5 4

Flue gas temperature °C 160 170 180

Flue gas mass flow rate kg/s 0.0153 0.017 0.0183

CO2 content % 13.1 14.0 14.7

Required draught Pa 7 9 10

Max. permissible draught Pa 10 12 15

Max. flow temperature1)


°C 95 95 95

Minimum return temperature °C 40 40 40

Permissible operating pressure bar 3 3 3

23/2 Logano S241 special wood boiler, dimensions and specification

LK

ØDAA

HAA1295

1367

B

25

1076

1165

111

HRK

256

31

612861

350

L

1)

2)

3)

646H

RK

VK

EL

HVK





3.4.4 Logano SX241 dimensions and specification

24/1 Logano SX241 special wood boiler dimensions (in mm)

Boiler size 23 27 30

Fuel Wood

Rated output kW 23 27 30

Combustion output kW 25.2 29.8 33.3

Length LLK

mmmm

14171035

14171035

14171035

Width B mm 780 780 780

Height H mm 1357 1357 1357

Flue outlet ∅DAA

HAA

mmmm

1801342

1801342

1801342

Boiler flow VKHVK

Inchmm

R11168

R11168

R11168

Boiler return RKHRK

Inchmm

R1476

R1476

R1476

Drain EL Inch R5 R5 R5

Weight kg 685 685 685

Water capacity l 135 135 135

Hopper capacity l 128 128 128


mmmmmm

418550590

418550590

418550590

Charge aperture WidthHeight

mmmm

418240

418240

418240

Split log length m 0.5 0.5 0.5

Nominal combustion time h 6 5 4

Flue gas temperature °C 160 170 180

Flue gas mass flow rate kg/s 0.0153 0.017 0.0183

CO2 content % 13.1 14.0 14.7

Required draught Pa 7 9 10

Max. permissible draught Pa 10 12 15

Max. flow temperature1)


°C 95 95 95

Minimum return temperature °C 40 40 40

Permissible operating pressure bar 3 3 3

24/2 Logano SX241 special wood boiler, dimensions and specification

1295

B

25

1076

1165

111256

31

612861

350

H

1)

2)

3)

LK

ØDAA

HAA

L

HVK

HRKRK

VK

1002

EL





3.5 Boiler parameters

3.5.1 Pressure drop on the water side

The pressure drop on the water side is the pressure differential between the boiler flow and return connections. It depends on the boiler size and the heating water flow rate.

Key to diagramΔpH Pressure drop on the heating water sideVH Heating water flow ratea Logano S151b Logano S231c Logano S241/SX241

3.5.2 Boiler efficiency, fuel throughput and emission values

25/1 Pressure drop on the water side of the Logano S151, S231 and S241/SX241 solid fuel boilers

1

2

3

456789

10

20

30

0,1 1,0 10,0

acb

VH [m3/h]

ΔpH [

mba

r]

Logano solid fuel boiler S151

Boiler size 15 20 25 30 35 40

Rated output kW 14.9 20 25 30 35 40

Efficiency % 85.1 85.2 85.6 86.0 85.2 85.4

Fuel throughput kg/h 4.5 6.0 7.4 8.9 10.4 11.9

CO mg/m3N 478 362 482 397 458 487

Dust mg/m3N 17 12 13 14 18 16

25/2 Summary of the parameters for Logano S151

Logano solid fuel boiler S231 S241/SX2411)

1) Subsidy possible according to the BAFA subsidy guidelines as part of the Germany government incentive scheme (MAP) (as of 11/2008)

Boiler size 40 23 27 30

Rated output kW 33 37 42 47 52 23 27 30

Efficiency % 82.4 82.1 81.2 82.3 82.4 91.1 90.6 90.2

Fuel throughput kg/h 10.3 11.6 13.4 14.7 16.1 6.5 7.6 8.5

CO mg/m3N 140 210 270 360 450 40 151 235

Dust mg/m3N 22 40 58 42 25 21 23 25

25/3 Summary of the parameters for Logano S231 and S241/SX241


4 Regulations and operating conditions


4.1 Extracts from the regulations

According to DIN EN 303-5, the boilers Logano S151, Logano S231 and Logano S241/SX241 are manually charged boilers for the combustion of natural firewood in log form. All are suitable for an operating pressure of 3 bar and are suitable for heating systems compliant with the requirements of DIN EN 12828.

Observe the following regarding creation and operation of the system

● The technical building regulation rules

● Legal regulations

● Local regulations

Installation, flue gas connection, commissioning, power supply as well as maintenance and repair work must only be carried out by qualified contractors.

Approval

Where required, inform your local flue gas inspector prior to installation. Regional approvals with regard to the flue system may be required.

Maintenance

According to paragraph 10 of the Energy Savings Order (EnEV) [Germany], the system must be serviced regularly, inspected at least every six months and cleaned as required. As part of this maintenance procedure, check the correct function of the entire system.

We recommend system users to enter into a maintenance contract with their local heating contractor. Regular maintenance is a prerequisite for reliable and economical operation.

DIN 4759 – Connection to a common chimney

Information ➔ Chapter 10.

4.2 German Immissions Act

One aim of the Immissions Act in Germany is the prevention of air pollution that is caused to a not inconsiderable degree by combustion systems. Acts, orders and administrative regulations describe in

detail the requirements for systems that cause emissions.

In this connection, the 1st BImSchV [Germany] applies to the Logano S151, Logano S231 and Logano S241/ SX241 solid fuel boilers.

4.2.1 1st BImSchV – Small combustion systems

Combustion systems that do not require a permit in accordance with the German Immissions Act (BImSchV) fall into the application area of the First

Order regarding the implementation of the Federal Immissions Act. Create and operate these systems in such a way that the requirements in Tab. 26/1 are met.

Emission requirements for manually charged combustion systems with rated boiler output in excess of 15 kW

● Manually charged combustion systems with rated boiler output in excess of 15 kW should generally be operated at full load.

● Install a buffer cylinder of adequate size in the system.

● If no adequate buffer cylinder is installed, carry out a measurement in the partial load range as well as the measurement under full load.

Factors Requirement

FuelsHeating the boilers only with fuel that is suitable in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions

Flue gas plume in constant operation Lighter than grey value 1 according to the Ringelmann scale

Rated output≤ 15 kW

Heating only with the following fuels: Anthracite/lignite/peat/natural logs

> 15 kW Emission requirements according to Tab. 27/1

26/1 General requirements of the 1st BImSchV


Regulations and operating conditions 4

4.3 Operating requirements

4.3.1 Required operating conditions

The operating conditions listed in Tab. 27/3 are part of the warranty conditions for the Logano S151, Logano S231 and Logano S241/SX241solid fuel boilers.

These operating conditions are ensured through a suitable hydraulic circuit and boiler circuit control. (Hydraulic connection ➔ page 56)

Operating conditions for special applications on request.

The requirements concerning the boiler water quality are also part of the warranty conditions.

Fuel Type of emission

CO Dust

Anthracite/lignite/peat –

> 15 kW: ≤ 0.15 g/m3 (relative to 8 % O2)

Natural wood

> 15 – 50 kW: 4 g/m3

> 50 – 150 kW: 2 g/m3

> 150 – 500 kW: 1 g/m3

> 500 kW: 0.5 g/m3 (respectively at 13 % O2)

"Treated wood": painted, lacquered, or coated wood, or plywood, chipboard, fibre board1)

1) These types of fuel must only be used in combustion systems with a rated boiler output higher than 50 kW (Logano S231 with 52 kW) and only in wood treatment and processing plants, providing that no wood-preserving material is being applied or is contained in the wood, and no coatings are applied that contain halogenated compounds

50 – 100 kW: 0.8 g/m3 > 100 – 500 kW: 0.5 g/m3

> 500 kW:0.3 g/m3 (respectively at 13 % O2)

27/1 Emission requirements (extract) to 1st BImSchV

Rated output/fuel Testing emissions

First test Annual test

≤ 15 kW / all permissible fuels – –

> 15 kW / natural wood Yes –

> 15 kW / "treated wood" Yes Yes

27/2 Test cycles required by the emission regulations

Note

A revision of the 1st BImSchV (German Immissions Act) is intended. A significant strengthening of the limits and waiving of the 15 kW limit are currently expected.

➔ Please observe the relevant version of the BImSchV!

Solid fuel boiler Required operating conditions

Logano Boiler sizeBoiler water

flow rateMinimum boiler water

temperatureBuffer cylinder

Minimum return temperature

°C °C

S15115/20/25 – > 70 Yes 65

30/35/40 – > 70 Yes 65

S231 40 – > 70 Yes1)

1) The contents must be at least 25 l/kW; sizing ➔ Chapter 6

> 40

S241/SX241 23/27/30 – > 60 Yes2)

2) To qualify for the subsidy according to the BAFA subsidy guidelines as part of the German government incentive scheme (MAP) (as of 11/2008), the contents must be at least 55 l/kW (as of 06/2006); sizing ➔ Chapter 6

> 40

27/3 Required operating conditions



4.3.2 Fuels

In general, only low fuming fuels must be used. The legally permitted (solid) fuels are listed in the 1st BImSchV. Alternative types of fuel (paper, cardboard etc.) are not permissible for systems subject to the regulations of the 1st BImSchV. The Buderus solid fuel boilers Logano S151, Logano S231 and

Logano S241/SX241 are designed for burning logs, but also for alternative fuels in accordance with Tab. 28/1.

➔ Direct any enquiries regarding boilers and the combustion of alternative fuels to your local Buderus sales office (➔ back page).

4.4 Corrosion protection in heating systems

4.4.1 Combustion air

Where combustion air is concerned ensure that it is not heavily contaminated with dust and contains no halogenated compounds. Otherwise there would be a risk that the combustion chamber and secondary heating surfaces would be damaged. Halogenated compounds are severely corrosive. These are contained

in spray cans, thinners, cleaning & degreasing media and solvents. Design the combustion air supply so that, e.g., no exhaust air from chemical cleaners or paint shops is induced. Special requirements apply to the combustion air supply from within the installation room.

4.4.2 Additional protection against corrosion

Damage through corrosion occurs if oxygen constantly enters the heating water. This is possible, e.g., in the negative pressure range, on account of an expansion vessel that is too small or via plastic pipes without an oxygen barrier. If the heating system cannot be realised as a sealed unvented system without permanent oxygen ingress, take additional corrosion protection measures. Suitable measures include softened water, oxygen binders or chemicals that form a coating on the material surface (e.g. in underfloor heating systems with plastic pipes).

➔ To prevent damage, chemical additives for heating water must be supplied with a suitability confirmation from their manufacturer.

Where oxygen ingress cannot be prevented (e.g. in underfloor heating systems with pipework permeable to oxygen), system separation by means of a heat exchanger is recommended.

Solid fuel boiler Fuels

Logano Boiler size

Natural wood: Logs (split logs)

Coarse chippings (> 5 cm)

"Treated wood"1):painted, lacquered,

coated

1) Fuel compliant with the 1st BImSchV; requirements ➔ page 26

Plywood1)

Chipboard1)

Fibre board1)

S15115/20/25 ● – – –

30/35/40 ● – – –

S231 40 ● ● ●2)

2) Only for Logano S231 with a rated output of 52 kW

●2)

S241/SX241 23/27/30 ● ● – –

28/1 Suitable fuels Key to symbols: ● suitable; – unsuitable

Logano solid fuel boiler S151 S231 S241/SX241

Boiler size 15 20 25 30 35 40 40 23 27 30

Max. split log length m 0.33 0.33 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

28/2 Maximum split log length


Sizing the wood boiler system 5

5 Sizing the wood boiler system

5.1 Basic principles

The user of an advanced wood boiler system expects more than satisfactory system operation where efficiency and convenience are concerned. For wood boiler systems, different aspects need to be considered in terms of determining the boiler output than for advanced oil or gas boiler systems. Firstly this is the result of the manual and therefore not fully automatic combustion. Secondly it is caused by the inability to switch off combustion, which thirdly, today, means the obligatory use of a buffer cylinder.

When sizing, take system and boiler-specific features into consideration. On the system side, note should be taken of modern operation with setback phases, and particularly the resulting output peak demand in the morning. Furthermore, consider the integration of the hydraulic framework conditions of the system resulting from the buffer cylinder integration.

On the boiler side, take account of the time delay with which wood boilers deliver their output. This is reflected in the time it takes for an advanced wood boiler to deliver its full output from cold, i.e. 45 minutes is not unusual.

Therefore, the following are fundamental recommendations:

● Load the buffer cylinder fully in the evening, so that the required heat for heating and reheating the building is available in the morning

● The non-automatic operation requires that the boiler output be determined according to different criteria than normally required for conventional boilers

● The integration of a buffer cylinder with associated modified hydraulic principles should be particularly designed for hydraulic balance in a system and/or a limiting of the maximum flow rate

Two system types are identified for sizing considerations:

● Wood boilers that are backed up by another automatic heat source as required (dual-fuel boiler combination)

● Systems where the wood boiler is to be operated as the only heat source or where the operation should or must always be carried out without backup (stand-aline wood boiler systems)

5.2 Dual-fuel boiler combinations

Where an automatic (second) heat source is available, and where the starting of that boiler is tolerated or is generally possible in cases where the wood boiler is not yet able to cover the heat demand, then the wood boiler will not need to be oversized. In this case, the variables boiler output and buffer cylinder volume

should be appropriately matched. In some systems or when the wood boiler is used as backup, a certain undersizing of the wood boiler may be appropriate, since this system sizing case rarely occurs (e.g. –12 °C), and the predominant operating point in our latitudes is between 0 °C and +5 °C.


5 Sizing the wood boiler system

5.3 Stand-alone wood boiler systems

If the wood boiler is the only heat source or the system should/must be operated this way (e.g. where there is only one common flue system), the question of oversizing arises. In older systems, this requires an initial practical assessment of the actual heat input. In many cases, an approximation of the minimum output demand of an older building can be obtained with reference to the MINERGIE® calculation steps.

Calculating sizes (➔ 30/1)Qmin Minimum required output in kW

The resulting required output frequently lies below the heat input calculated to DIN EN 12831, but has proven to be adequate in many practical cases.

➔ In case of unusual consumption patterns, considerable deviations from the estimated calculations can result.

Furthermore, characteristics typical of wood boilers must be taken into account. E.g., each boiler design with its individual hopper size and rated boiler output delivers a certain combustion time that can be achieved with a full hopper. This means that a boiler with 3 h (or 6 h) combustion time needs to be charged 8 x (or 4 x) each day in order to be able to deliver its rated output for 24 h. However since there is no charging opportunity around the clock, apart from the necessary cleaning times, the heat deficits resulting from the lack of operation during operating times must be compensated. This is the additional boiler output or oversizing required on account of manual operation.

Key to diagram (➔ 30/2)a 2 charges per dayb 3 charges per dayc 4 charges per dayd 5 charges per daye 6 charges per day

The rated boiler output therefore results from the following:

Calculating sizes (➔ 30/3)f Boiler sizing factorQK Rated boiler output in kWQmin Minimum required output in kW

30/1 Formula for output demand according to MINERGIE®

QminOil consumption l/a

250 l/a----------------------------------------------------=

QminNatural gas consumption m³/a

250 m³/a---------------------------------------------------------------------------------=

30/2 Determination of the oversizing necessary because of manual operation

246810

ed

c

b

a

0 50 100 150

1 1,5 2 2,5

Full load combustion time of the wood boiler [h] Oversizing [%]

Factor f for boiler sizing

30/3 Formula for rated boiler output

QK Qmin f⋅=


Sizing the wood boiler system 5

Calculation example

Given

● Older building, oil consumption of approx. 4250 l

● Maximum 3 charges per day

Calculation

Approximate output demand in accordance with the formula 30/1:

Result

Boiler 1 with 6 h combustion time:

● Provide oversizing of approx. 33 %, factor f for boiler sizing = 1.33 (➔ 30/2)

● Output according to formula 30/3: QK = 17 kW · 1.33 ≈ 23 kW

➔ 23 kW boiler output required: Logano S241-23 (max. operating time 3 x 6 h = 18 h)

Boiler 2 with 4 h combustion time:

● Provide oversizing of approx. 100 %, factor f for boiler sizing = 2 (➔ 30/2)

● Output according to formula 30/3: QK = 17 kW · 2 = 34 kW

➔ 34 kW boiler output required: Logano S151-35 (max. operating time 3 x 4 h = 12 h)

By way of a reverse conclusion, the above considerations enable a determination of the maximum building heat input for this boiler type, given the specification of a required maximum number of charges (➔ 31/1).

Qmin4250 l

250 l/kW------------------------ 17 kW= =

Logano solid fuel boiler S151 S231 S241/SX241

Boiler size 15 25 35 40 23 27 30

Rated output kW 14.9 25 35 33 37 42 23 27 30

Combustion time h 4 4 4 6 5.5 5 6 5 4.5

Max. building heat input in stand-alone operation

Max. 2 charges kW 5 8 12 17 17 18 11 11 11

Max. 3 charges kW 8 13 18 25 25 26 17 17 17

Max. 4 charges kW 10 17 23 33 34 35 23 23 23

Max. 5 charges kW 13 21 29 – 37 42 – 27 28

Max. 6 charges kW 15 25 35 – – – – – 30

31/1 Estimate of the maximum heat input based on the required number of charges


6 Sizing the buffer cylinder


6.1 Necessity of the buffer cylinder

The buffer cylinder enables combustion at the ideal operating point – where energy utilisation and fuel consumption as well as emissions are concerned – (➔ page 14).

Heat that is currently not necessary for heating purposes is stored in the buffer cylinder. After the boiler charge has been completely used up, heat for the heating circuit is drawn exclusively from the buffer cylinder.

Apart from the technical benefits, the use of a buffer cylinder also substantially improves the heating convenience, as the boiler needs fewer charges and fully automatic operation is possible.

6.2 Determining the size of the buffer cylinder

In many quarters the theory is advanced that the buffer cylinder should be as large as possible. A different approach even calculates the size with fixed values that are related to the rated boiler output, e.g. 100 l/kW. Such arguments are supported by references to the 1st BImSchV. However, this only states: "(Wood combustion systems must be equipped) with an adequately sized thermal store". This statement clearly stipulates the need for factual and expert planning.

The above methods in no way do justice to the need for adequate engineering thought. The aspects heat demand and economy would be completely overlooked by the above method. Other aspects, such as the required installation area and associated costs are pushed into the background by these approaches. The following therefore introduces two simple methods

for sizing a buffer cylinder. The greater result from both methods should represent the minimum size of the buffer cylinder to be installed. Larger volumes would benefit the wood boiler technology and particularly the system convenience. These are, however, inevitably associated with higher costs, a greater installation area etc. System users who think (mostly) in terms of economy will accept the technically required and factually reasoned and calculable buffer cylinder size when making their purchasing decision. However, a more or less arbitrarily chosen buffer cylinder volume will frequently be a hindrance to wood combustion on account of the investment outlay involved. This too is a further reason in favour of sound technical planning.


Sizing the buffer cylinder 6

6.2.1 Static method – determining the size according to the amount of fuel the boiler can "handle" at any one time

The background to this method of sizing is the assumption that the boiler with a full hopper/combustion chamber will be able to deliver its full available fuel energy to the buffer cylinder (if the system draws no heat).

After converting units, applying approximate values for density and specific heat and by using empirical values, the buffer cylinder volume can be calculated with the following formula:

Calculating sizes (➔ 33/1)VPU Buffer cylinder volume in lQK Rated boiler output in kWTB Nominal combustion time in h

This sizing methods allows for a quick estimate (without specific system knowledge) of a buffer cylinder volume for the selected wood boiler that would enable safe, largely economical operation of the wood boiler.

If a different, smaller buffer cylinder volume is selected, heat draw-off or limited charging of the combustion chamber must be ensured. A larger buffer cylinder is beneficial for heating operation and safeguards an even higher level of system convenience.

Calculation example

Given

● Special wood boiler: Logano S151-15

● Rated boiler output: 14.9 kW

● Nominal combustion time: approx. 4 h (➔ 21/2)

Calculation

Buffer cylinder volume according to formula 33/1: VPU = 13.5 · 14.9 kW · 4 h ≈ 805 l

Result

Buffer cylinder size to be selected 1000 l

➔ Logalux PR1000 (➔ page 41)

DIN EN 303-5 (April 1999) provides an extended formula for calculating a standard value for the absolute minimum buffer cylinder content:

Calculating sizes (➔ 33/2)QH Heat input of the building in kWQKmin Lowest adjustable boiler output in kW

The term in brackets (➔ 33/2) provides a kind of dynamic to the otherwise static formula. Consideration is give to the lowest possible boiler output in relation to the building heat input. This is based on the fact that in case of a ratio of minimum boiler output to heat input below 30 % there is no heating operation by the special wood boiler. If the boiler cannot reduce its output low enough, use a suitably sized buffer cylinder in line with the greater boiler minimum output.

The suggested calculation in DIN EN 303-5 is the first time a standard has created a basis for calculating buffer cylinder sizes. In the assessment of the calculation result, an important reference is made in the standard to the fact that the standard value refers to the absolute minimum buffer cylinder content.

Standard values for buffer cylinder sizes

Formula 33/1 allows the standard values for the sizes of buffer cylinders to be determined in conjunction with Buderus solid fuel boilers (➔ 33/3).

33/1 Formula for buffer cylinder volume (rough estimate)

VPU 13 5, QK TB⋅ ⋅=

33/2 Formula for minimum buffer cylinder volume

Solid fuel boiler Standard values for buffer cylinder volume1)

1) ≥ 55 l/kW, likely requirements of the current draft of the 1st BImSchV (subject to modifications)

Logano Boiler size l

S151

15 825

20 1100

25 1375

30 1650

35 1925

40 2200

S231 40 2800

S241/SX241

23 1800 (12652))

2) ≥ 55 l/kW according to the requirements of the German government subsidy programme (➔ 27/3)

27 1800 (14852))

30 1800 (16502))

33/3 Standard values for buffer cylinder volume

VPU min, 15 TB QK 1 0 3,–QH

QKmin

--------------⋅⎝ ⎠⎛ ⎞⋅ ⋅ ⋅=



6.2.2 Dynamic method – determining the size in accordance with heat demand and user habits

The background to this sizing method is knowledge regarding the frequency distribution of the outside temperature During most of the heating season, only a fraction of the standard heat demand will be required.

Select a system optimum for the most frequently occurring operating point.

The following sizing method with the specified parameters is tailored to the residential sector with typical user profiles.

Diagram 34/2 clearly shows the approach to sizing: the excess output generated by the boiler during its operating time must be great enough to cover the residual (daytime) output demand. The buffer cylinder content, on the other hand, must be large enough to accept this residual output demand and be able to transfer it to the heating circuits after combustion stops.

Key to diagram (➔ 34/1)Gt Daily temperature figureϑA Outside temperature

Key to diagram (➔ 34/2)fBeh Factor to consider the actual daytime heating periodϕ Factor to consider the design point (➔ 34/1);

(3 °C to 5 °C outside temperature, corresponding to approx. 45 % of the standard heat demand)

Q OutputQN Standard heat input to DIN EN 12831QK Rated boiler outputt TimeT Nominal combustion time in h (boiler operating time)

34/1 Main distribution of the daytime outside temperatures

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

–13 –11 –9 –7 –5 –3 –1 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15

ϑA [°C]

Gt [

Kd/a

]

1) Design point: most frequent operating point (approx. 45 % of the standard heat demand)

1)

34/2 Sizing approach

T fBeh · 24 h

ϕ · QN

QK

t [h]

Q [

kW]

Excess = residual demand



After converting units, applying approximate values for density and specific heat and by using empirical values, the buffer cylinder volume can be calculated with the following formula:

Calculating sizes (➔ 35/1)VPU Buffer cylinder volume in lQN Standard heat input to DIN EN 12831 in kWQK Rated boiler output in kWϑR System design return temperature in °C

For these design details, the daily operation, i.e. the number of daily charges with wood at the design point (➔ 34/1) can be calculated:

Calculating sizes (➔ 35/2)TB Nominal combustion time in hn Number of daily charges required

This provides a simple formula for calculating the buffer cylinder size, which is determined only by the parameters heat demand, boiler output and design return temperature. For this, heat demand and design return temperature are system-dependent values. Consequently, any influence on the size of the buffer cylinder is only possible by varying the boiler (rated boiler output and nominal combustion time).

➔ The formulae correspond to one other.

Conversion results in the following alternative process, e.g. if the system user defines specific maximum operating times for the boiler:

Calculating sizes (➔ 35/3)b Intended daily operating time of the boiler in h

at the design point (➔ 34/1)

With these design details, the required boiler output can be calculated according to the following formula:

Calculation example

Given

● Special wood boiler: Logano S241-30

● Rated boiler output: 30 kW

● Heat input: 30 kW

● Design temperatures: 75/60 °C

● Nominal combustion time: 4 h

Calculation

Buffer cylinder volume according to formula 35/1:

Number of daily charges according to formula 35/2:

Result

Buffer cylinder size to be selected 2000 l

➔ 2 x Logalux PR1000 (➔ page 40)

By charging the boiler once and subsequently re-charging approximately half the hopper with firewood, the required daily heat demand in the design case, i.e. at approx. 3 °C outside temperature, will be achieved.

35/1 Formula for buffer cylinder volume (dynamic)

35/2 Formula for calculating the number of charges

VPU 22462 5,

QN

QK

-------–

73 0 4, ϑR⋅–-------------------------------- QN⋅ ⋅=

n 6 4,QN

TB QK⋅-----------------⋅=

35/3 Formula for buffer cylinder volume (when defining the intended operating time)

35/4 Formula for rated boiler output

VPU 351 16 b–73 0 4, ϑR⋅–-------------------------------- QN⋅ ⋅=

QK6 4,b-------- QN⋅=

VPU 22462 5, 30

30------–

73 0 4, 60⋅–--------------------------------- 30⋅ ⋅ 2060ll= =

n 6 4, 304 30⋅--------------⋅ 1,6= =



6.2.3 Sizing the buffer cylinder primary pump

To enable the buffer cylinder to be heated up as fully and evenly as possible (max. 90 °C buffer cylinder temperature), the pump rate of the primary pump must be large enough to ensure the design temperature differential between flow and return is 5 K to 10 K. On

account of the operating conditions, the buffer cylinder primary pump should be installed in the boiler return. The head is subject to the hydraulic pressure drop in the boiler circuit (pressure drop of the boiler, return temperature raising facility, profiles, pipework).

6.2.4 Connecting the buffer cylinder

Problems may arise if the buffer cylinder primary pump is incorrectly connected hydraulically.

Such problems may be the following:

● Overlapping of pumps (flow rate and head) with excessive flow speeds, noise disturbance, poor control characteristics of valves and similar as a result

● Unintentional flow through heating circuits or DHW cylinders

● Unsatisfactory utilisation of the buffer cylinder

Buffer cylinder as a low loss header

We therefore recommend treating the buffer cylinder as a low loss header and connecting it accordingly (➔ 36/1).

For this purpose, all Buderus buffer cylinders and combi cylinders are equipped with a corresponding number of connectors.

The Logalux PR buffer cylinder provides a temperature-dependent return feed. This counteracts any possible stratification influence.

Connection via tee

As an alternative for buffer cylinders without specific return feed, the connection of the system return can be made via a tee at the lower buffer cylinder connector (➔ 36/2).

This enables a counteraction to a possible stratification influence or dropping of the temperature level inside the buffer cylinder from the system return. For this it is important that the tee is provided immediately at the buffer cylinder connector, and that it corresponds to the connection dimensions to ensure an almost perfect hydraulic separation.

Key to diagram (➔ 36/1 and 36/2)VH Heating circuit flowRH Heating circuit return

36/1 Connection with hydraulic separation via buffer cylinder

VH RH

36/2 Common connection via tee

VH RH



6.2.5 Use of several buffer cylinders

To achieve larger buffer cylinder volumes or for reasons of space or handling, it may be essential to use several buffer cylinders. When installing several buffer

cylinders, a parallel connection according to the "Tichelmann system" is recommended to ensure an even load distribution.

Information regarding parallel circuits

● Parallel circuits are recommended for two identical buffer cylinders.

● The circuit shown can be realised in the same way for further buffer cylinders.

● A changeover sensor for dual-fuel boiler combinations can be considered or implemented in all installed buffer cylinders and would have the same effect, since the temperature is evenly distributed in all buffer cylinders (Tichelmann connection!).

● The internal diameter of connection pipework with only partial flow must be adjusted in accordance with the flow rate (reduction).

Information regarding series circuits

● Series circuits are appropriate when different buffer cylinders (different volumes, different designs) are to be used, e.g. when combining the Logalux PR buffer cylinder with the Logalux PL.../2S combi cylinder. For this, the combi cylinder with integral DHW cylinder is to be heated with priority by the heat source, to achieve a high level of DHW convenience and a high DHW temperature (➔ 37/2).

● Connecting two identical buffer cylinders in series is possible, but is not recommended for energetic reasons, since the return from the heating circuits must initially always flow through the second and colder buffer. Parallel circuits are recommended for two identical buffer cylinders, i.e. Logalux PR (➔ 37/1).

37/1 Parallel circuit for identical buffer cylinders

EK

RLVL

Logalux PR Logalux PR

VL Buffer cylinder flow, subject to the respective hydraulics, to: – Flow, heating circuits – Return, oil/gas boiler – Return, low loss header

RL Buffer cylinder return, subject to the respective hydraulics, from: – Return, heating circuits – Diverter valve

EK Cold water inlet

37/2 Circuits in series for different buffer cylinders

EK

RL VL

Logalux PR Logalux PL.../2S

VL Buffer cylinder flow, subject to the respective hydraulics, to: – Flow, heating circuits – Return, oil/gas boiler – Return, low loss header

RL Buffer cylinder return, subject to the respective hydraulics, from: – Return, heating circuits – Diverter valve

EK Cold water inlet



6.3 Selection of the Buderus Logalux buffer cylinders

6.3.1 Selection options

Logalux PR.. buffer cylinder

The Logalux PR buffer cylinders from Buderus are available in the sizes 500 l, 750 l and 1000 l. They are equipped with a special common return channel for a temperature-dependent return feed. This achieves an optimum feed of the returns into the respective temperature level of the Logalux PR without influencing the stratification inside the cylinder (stratification cylinders). This results in significantly improved utilisation options for the heating energy stored in the buffer water.

As thermal insulation, users can choose between the affordable 80 mm flexible foam insulation with a blue foil jacket (installation prior to the hydraulic connection) or a highly effective 120 mm flexible foam insulation with a rigid jacket made from PS (installation prior to or after the hydraulic connection). By connecting an external heat exchanger, solar energy can also be utilised.

Logalux PL.. Thermosiphon buffer cylinder

The Buderus Logalux PL buffer cylinders are offered in the sizes 750 l, 1000 l and 1500 l. They comprise a cylindrical steel container with integral Thermosiphon pipe and solar indirect coil for connection to a solar thermal system. The Thermosiphon pipe enables the cylinder to be heated from top to bottom (stratification cylinder).

The easily fitted thermal insulation made from 100 mm flexible PU foam with external PS jacket reduces heat losses to a minimum.

● Suitable for up to 16 solar collectors

● Patented heat guiding pipe for stratified cylinder heating

● Up-draught-controlled gravity dampers

Logalux STSK800 combi cylinder

The combi cylinder fulfils two functions:

● Buffer cylinder for storing heating water

● DHW cylinder for DHW heating

A thermo-glazed DHW cylinder (duplex jacket) is integrated into the upper section of the buffer cylinder. All DHW connections are routed from the top.

Logalux P750 S combi cylinder

The combi cylinder is designed for solar DHW heating, combined with solar central heating backup. The compact design results in favourable ratio between external surface area and volume, thereby minimising cylinder losses. The Logalux P750 S combi cylinder is fitted with a 100 mm thick, CFC-free thermal insulation jacket made from flexible PU foam. In addition, it offers the benefit of simplified hydraulics with few mechanical components.

The combi cylinder has the following characteristics and special features

● Internal 160 l DHW cylinder with Buderus thermal glaze and magnesium anode as corrosion protection

● Generously sized smooth-tube internal coil for optimum utilisation of solar energy

● All DHW connections routed from above; all connections on the solar and heating side on the side of the cylinder

● Solar indirect coil in the heating water so there is no risk of scale deposits



Logalux PL.../2S combi cylinder

The combi cylinder fulfils two functions

● Buffer cylinder for storing heating water

● DHW cylinder for DHW heating

A conical straight-through DHW cylinder is fitted inside the buffer cylinder. The solar indirect coil is integrated into a patented heat guiding pipe that is drawn over the entire cylinder height. This ensures the highest solar system efficiency, since the solar thermal system always heats the coldest medium first.

Duo FWS.../2 combi cylinder

The combi cylinder has the following characteristics and special features

● Corrugated internal stainless steel pipe (material W1.4404) for hygienic DHW heating

● High DHW convenience through corrugated pipe with large transfer area

● Generously sized smooth-tube internal coil for optimum utilisation of solar energy

● Solar indirect coil in the heating water so there is no risk of scale deposits

● Slimline version for easy handling

● All connections on the DHW and heating water side on the side of the cylinder

● Sensor terminal strip for variable sensor positioning

A corrugated stainless steel pipe is wound internally onto a support structure. In its upper section, the corrugated pipe has a particularly large surface to achieve a high level of DHW convenience. The lower part is sized so that the cold water achieves high buffer cooling. This optimises the solar yield.



6.3.2 Logalux PR.. buffer cylinder, dimensions and specification

Key to diagramM Test port (female connection) Rp6VS1 Cylinder flow, heating circuitsVS2 Cylinder flow, solid fuel boiler

VS3 Cylinder flow, solarRS1 Cylinder return, heating circuitsRS2 Cylinder return, solid fuel boiler/solar

40/1 Logalux PR.. buffer cylinder dimensions and connections (Dimensions in mm)

HRS2

HRS1

HVS3

HVS2

HVS1

H80 / H120

VS1

VS3

VS2

RS2

RS1

1)

1)

1)

DSP

DSP

D80 / D120

D80 / D120

M

Side view Top view

1) Spring retainer for temperature sensor

Logalux buffer cylinder PR500 PR750 PR1000

Cylinder capacity l 500 750 1000

Diameter excl. thermal insulationDiameter incl. thermal insulation (80 mm)Diameter incl. thermal insulation (120 mm)

DSP

D80

D120

mmmmmm

650815895

8009651045

90010651145

Height incl. thermal insulation (80 mm)Height incl. thermal insulation (120 mm)

H80

H120

mmmm

18051845

17451785

17301770

Cylinder return RS1–RS2 HRS1 HRS2

Inchmm mm

R14310150

R14290130

R14300130

Cylinder flow VS1–VS3 HVS1

HVS2

HVS3

Inch mm mmmm

R1416401465970

R1415851430950

R1415651400940

Max. operating pressure bar 3 3 3

Max. operating temperature °C 110 110 110

Dry weight excl. thermal insulation kg 100 121 136

40/2 Logalux PR.. buffer cylinder dimensions and specification



6.3.3 Logalux PL.. Thermosiphon buffer cylinder, dimensions and specification

Key to diagramM Test port (female connection) Rp6M1– M4 Assignment subject to components, hydraulics and

system control (the terminals M1 to M4 for temperaturesensors are shown offset in the side view)

VS1 Cylinder flow, solar thermal systemRS1 Cylinder return, solar thermal systemVS2–VS41) Cylinder flow, heating waterRS2–RS41) Cylinder return, heating water

1) Utilisation subject to system components and hydraulics

41/1 Logalux PL.. Thermosiphon buffer cylinder, dimensions and connections (Dimensions in mm)

H

HVS1

HRS1

HRS3HEL

HRS2

HRS4

HVS4

HVS3

HVS2

HE

20

M1

M2

M4M3

VS3

VS4RS4

RS2

VS2

EM1–M4

M

E

RS1

VS1

RS3EL

RS1

VS1

RS1

VS1

VS1

RS1

M

EL1EL1

D

DSP

Side viewLogalux PL750, PL1500

View from belowLogalux PL750

View from belowLogalux PL1500

Top view

Logalux Thermosiphon buffer cylinder PL750 PL1000 PL1500

Cylinder capacity l 750 1000 1500

Number of collectors 4 – 8 4–8 8 – 16

Internal indirect coil capacity l 2.4 2.4 2 × 2.7

Size of the indirect coil m2 3 3 2 × 3.6

Diameter excl. thermal insulationDiameter incl. thermal insulation

DSP

Dmmmm

8001 000

9001100

12001 400

Height incl. thermal insulation H mm 1920 1920 1900

Cylinder return RS1RS2–RS41)

HRS1

HRS2

HRS3

HRS4

InchInchmm mm mm mm

R6R14100370215

1 033

R6R14100370215

1 033

R6R15100522284943

Cylinder flow VS1VS2–VS41)

HVS1

HVS2

HVS3

HVS4


InchInchmm mm mm mm

R 6R14170

1 6881 5131 033

R6R14170

1 6881 5131 033

R6R15170

1 6011 363943

Air vent valve EHE

Inchmm

R51762

R51753

R51719

Drain ELHEL

HL1

InchmmInch

R14215R6

R14215R6

R14284R6

Max. operating pressure (solar circuit/heating water) bar 8/3 8/3 8/3

Max. operating temperature (solar circuit/heating water) °C 135/95 135/95 135/95

Weight kg 212 226 450

41/2 Logalux PL.. Thermosiphon buffer cylinder, dimensions and specification



6.3.4 Logalux STSK800 combi cylinder, dimensions and specification

Key to diagramM Test port, welded sensor well

with 19 mm internal diameterM1– M3 Assignment subject to system components, hydraulics

andcontrol

VS1–VS41) Cylinder flow, heating waterRS1–RS31) Cylinder return, heating water


42/1 Logalux STSK800 combi cylinder, dimensions and connections (dim. in mm)

H

M1

M2

M3

310

440

790

913

RS2

RS3

VS2 1515

1670VS1

VS3

155

EZ/AW

EZ/AWX

X

EK

RS1

VS4

DDSP

DSP

D

M

Side view Top view Detail

Logalux combi cylinder STSK800

Cylinder capacity, heating waterCylinder capacity DHW

l l

650150

Standby heat loss1)

1) According to DIN 4753-8: DHW temperature 65 °C, ambient temperature 20 °C

kWh/24 h 3.70


DSP D

mmmm

8001000

Height H mm 1 885

Cylinder return RS1–RS3 Inch R14

Cylinder flow VS1–VS4 Inch R14

DHW outlet AW Inch R6

Cold water inlet EK Inch R6

DHW circulation inlet EZ Inch R6

Max. operating pressure (heating water/DHW) bar 3/10

Max. operating temperature (heating water/DHW) °C 95/95

Weight kg 235

42/2 Logalux STSK800 combi cylinder, dimensions and specification



6.3.5 Logalux P750 S combi cylinder, dimensions and specification

Key to diagramM Test port (female connection) Rp6M1– M8 Temperature test port; assignment subject to

system components, hydraulics and control(the terminals M1 to M8 for temperature-sensors are shown offset in the side view)

MB1 Test port, DHWVS1 Cylinder flow, solar thermal systemVS2 Cylinder flow, solid fuel boiler

VS3 Cylinder flow oil/gas/condensing boilerfor DHW heating

VS4 Cylinder flow, heating circuitsRS1 Cylinder return, solar thermal systemRS2 Cylinder return, oil/gas/condensing boiler

for DHW heatingRS3 Cylinder return, oil/gas boilerRS4 Cylinder return, heating circuits

43/1 Logalux P750 S combi cylinder, dimensions and connections (dim. in mm)

M1–M8

M

EZ/AW

AW/EZ

EK

MB1

DDSP

1920550

640

1668

1513

1033911788

500

370

215

8

M1

M2

M7M8

M6

M4

M5

M3

VS3

VS4VS1

VS2

RS2

RS1

RS4/EL

RS3

M

Top view View from below

Side view

Logalux combi cylinder P750 S

Cylinder capacity l 750

Number of collectors 4–6

Capacity, buffer section only l ≈ 400

DHW capacity l ≈ 160

Solar indirect coil capacity l 16.4

Constant output at 80/45/10 °C1)

1) Heating water flow temperature/DHW outlet temperature/ cold water inlet temperature

kW (l/h) 28 (688)

Solar indirect coil size m2 2.15

Standby heat loss2)


kWh/24h 3.7

Performance factor3)

3) According to DIN 4708 when heating the cylinder to 60 °C and with a heating water flow temperature of 80 °C

NL 3


DSP

Dmmmm

8001000

DHW outlet AW Inch R6

Cold water inlet EK Inch R6

DHW circulation inlet EZ Inch R6

Drain EL Inch R14

Cylinder return RS1RS2–RS4

InchInch

R1R14

Cylinder flow VS1VS2–VS4

InchInch

R1R14

Max. operating pressure (solar indirect coil/heating water/DHW) bar 8/3/10

Max. operating temperature (heating water/DHW) °C 95/95

Weight kg 262

43/2 Logalux PL750 S combi cylinder, dimensions and specification



6.3.6 Logalux PL.../2S combi cylinder, dimensions and specification

Key to diagramMg Magnesium anodeM Test port (female connection) Rp6M1– M8 Temperature test port; assignment subject to

system components, hydraulics and control(the terminals M1 to M8 for temperaturesensors are shown offset in the side view)

MB1 Test port, DHW

MB2 Test port, solarVS1 Cylinder flow, solar thermal systemRS1 Cylinder return, solar thermal systemVS2–VS51) Cylinder flow, heating waterRS2–RS51) Cylinder return, heating water


44/1 Logalux PL.../2S combi cylinder, dimensions and connections (dim. in mm)

1920

1668

1513

1033911

788

500370

215

170100

8

VS3

VS5VS4

RS2

VS2

M1–M8

M

RS1/EL1

EK

VS1

RS5/ELRS4RS3

RS1

MB2

EK

VS1

EL2

M

M1

M2

M7M8

EL2

M6

M4

M5

M3

EZ/AW

AW/EZ

EH

Mg

MB1

640

D

DSP

550

Side view

View from belowTop view

Logalux combi cylinder PL750/2S PL1000/2S

Cylinder capacity l 750 940

Solar indirect coil capacity l 1.4 1.4

Solar indirect coil size m2 1.0 1.2

Constant output at 80/45/10 °C1)

1) Heating water flow temperature/DHW outlet temperature/ cold water inlet temperature

kW (l/h) 28 (688) 28 (688)

Number of collectors 4–8 6–10

Capacity, buffer section only l 275 380

DHW capacity, overall/standby section l 300/150 300/150

Standby heat loss2)


kWh/24 h 3.37 4.31

Performance factor3)

3) According to DIN 4708 when heating the cylinder to 60 °C and with a heating water flow temperature of 80 °C

NL 3.8 3.8


DSP

Dmmmm

8001000

9001100

Cylinder return RS1RS2–RS54)


InchInch

R6R14

R6R14

Cylinder flow VS1VS2–VS54)

InchInch

R6R14

R6R14

DHW outlet AW Inch R6 R6

Cold water inlet EK Inch R1 R1

DHW circulation inlet EZ Inch R6 R6

Drain, central heatingDrain, solar/DHW

ELEL1–EL2

InchInch

R14R6

R14R6

Max. operating pressure (solar indirect coil/heating water/DHW) bar 8/3/10 8/3/10

Max. operating temperature (heating water/DHW) °C 95/95 95/95

Weight kg 252 266

44/2 Logalux PL.../2S combi cylinder, dimensions and specification



6.3.7 Duo FWS.../2 combi cylinder, dimensions and specification

Key to diagramVS1 Cylinder flow, solar thermal systemVS2 Cylinder flow, pellet boiler/solid fuel boilerVS3 Cylinder flow oil/gas/condensing boiler

for DHW heatingVS4 Cylinder flow, heating circuits, pellet systemsRS1 Cylinder return, solar thermal system

RS2 Cylinder return, oil/gas/condensing boilerfor DHW heating; cylinder flow, heating circuits; cylinder return, pellet boiler

RS3/RS6 Cylinder return, heating circuitsRS4 Cylinder return, solid fuel boilerRS5 Cylinder return, oil/gas/condensing boiler

for DHW heating (alternative)

45/1 Duo FWS.../2 combi cylinder, dimensions and connections (dim. in mm)

120

1450

G15

A – A

12048

A AHAW

HEK

HVS2HVS3

HVS4

HRS2

HRS5

HRS6

HRS3

HVS1

HRS1HRS4

Ø600

D

H

RS4RS1RS3

RS5

RS6

VS1RS2

VS4

VS2VS3

AW

EK

Side view excl. indirect coil and corrugated pipe HE

Side viewexcl. corrugated

Top viewexcl. indirect coil

Side view incl. indirect coil and corrugated pipe HE

Combi cylinder Duo FWS750/2 Duo FWS1000/2

Cylinder capacity l 750 1000

Solar indirect coil capacity/corrugated stainless steel pipe capacity (DHW) l 11/38 13/38

Solar indirect coil size/corrugated stainless steel pipe size m2 2.2/7 2.7/7

Number of collectors 4–6 4–8

Performance factor1) for boiler output 25 kW/37 kW

1) With reference to DIN 4708 T3

NL 3.2/– –/4.2

Draw-off rate2) Draw-off rate 10 l/min / 20 l/min

2) Without reheating, cylinder partially heated to 60 °C, DHW temperature 45 °C

l 255/182 365/260

Diameter excl. thermal insulationDiameter incl. thermal insulation 80 mm/120 mm

DDW

mmmm

750910/990

800960/1040

Height excl. thermal insulationHeight incl. thermal insulation 80 mm/120 mm

HHW

mmmm

19481985/2025

22082260/2300

DHW outlet AWHAW

Inchmm

R141670

R141930

Cold water inlet EKHEK

Inchmm

R14270

R14280

Cylinder return RS1/RS2–RS6HRS1

HRS2

HRS3

HRS4

HRS5

HRS6

Inchmmmmmmmmmmmm

G1/G153701030470280830680

G1/G153801080480290880690

Cylinder flow VS1/VS2–VS4HVS1

HVS2

HVS3

HVS4

Inchmmmmmmmm

G1/G15930166015701230

G1/G15980192018301280

Max. operating pressure (heating water/DHW/solar circuit) bar 3/10/10 3/10/10

Max. operating temperature (heating water/DHW/solar circuit) °C 95/95/110 95/95/110

Weight kg 240 270

45/2 Duo FWS.../2 combi cylinder, dimensions and specification



6.4 Freshwater station in connection with Buderus buffer cylinder

6.4.1 Logalux FS and FS-Z freshwater stations

Apart from DHW heating by means of mono-mode or dual-mode DHW cylinders or combi cylinders, the Logalux FS and Logalux FS-Z freshwater stations with integral DHW circulation pump are available. There are hygiene benefits from DHW heating according to the instantaneous water heating principle and the associated minimum storage. The station can be combined with the Logalux PR and Logalux PL buffer cylinders. It is also suitable for retrofitting existing buffer cylinders.

An integral primary pump supplies heat to the station. Control is triggered by a water switch when DHW is drawn. The station flow is connected to the top of the buffer cylinder, the return at the bottom.

The thermostatically controlled DHW temperature regulation is easy to operate. The version with the integral DHW circulation pump enables the pump to be controlled subject to temperature and optionally according to time or pulse.

Special features

● Large heat exchanger for high draw-off rates with low system temperatures (nominal draw-off rate of 25 l/min at a buffer cylinder temperature of 60 °C and a DHW temperature of 45 °C)

● An integral thermostatically controlled DHW mixer safeguards a constant outlet temperature

● Mixer on the primary side to protect against scale build-up

● Logalux FS-Z with integral DHW circulation pump

● Shut-off valves on the DHW and the heating water side

● Thermal insulation shells and wall retainer are part of the standard delivery

● Easy service through flushing connections

● Possible pump replacement without the need to drain the system through integral shut-off valves (cold water shut-off tap on site, preventing the safety valve from being shut)

Key to diagram (➔ 46/2)1 Heat exchanger2 Central heating pump3 Water switch (hidden)4 DHW mixer5 Shut-off tap, flow6 Flushing connections7 DHW thermometer8 DHW connection9 Shut-off tap, DHW circulation (option)10 DHW circulation pump (option)11 Shut-off tap, return12 Adjuster head for 3-way valve (max. flow temperature FS/FS-Z)13 Control unit

46/1 Logalux FS freshwater station

46/2 Layout of the Logalux FS freshwater station

10

12

11

7

3

2

4

65

13

89

1



Dimensions and specification

Draw-off rate

Key to diagrama Cylinder temperature 60 °Cb Cylinder temperature 50 °Cc Cylinder temperature 40 °C

Freshwater station Logalux FS FS-Z

Dimensions HeightWidthDepth

mmmmmm

650390262

650390262

Nominal draw-off rate1)

1) Buffer cylinder temperature 60 °C, DHW temperature 45 °C

l/min 25 25

Adjustable DHW temperature °C 40–65 40–65

Max. operating pressure (heating water/DHW) bar 6/10 6/10

Max. operating temperature (heating water) °C 90 90

47/1 Logalux FS and FS-Z freshwater stations, dimensions and specification

47/2 Draw-off rate subject to the set DHW temperature and the cylinder temperature

30

35

40

45

50

55

0 5 10 15 20 25

a

b

c

Draw-off rate [l/min]

DH

W t

emp

erat

ure

ϑ [°

C]


7 Heating control unit


7.1 Logamatic 2114 control unit for Logano S151

For the Logano S151 series, the Logamatic 2114 control unit regulates the operation, boiler output and flue gas fan. In addition it is used to continue operation automatically in dual-fuel boiler combinations.

The flue gas fan automatically stops when the hopper door is opened. When connecting wood boilers and oil/gas boilers to a common flue system, the oil/gas boiler will be immediately locked out.

After heat-up and closing the hopper door, the heat-up monitor is enabled. The flue gas fan stops if the boiler fails to reach a flue gas temperature of 80 °C within a specified time. This signals that the start of the operation has failed. When the flue gas temperature of 80 °C has been exceeded, the flue gas fan continues to run until the selected maximum boiler temperature has been reached again. The fan starts again when the boiler temperature falls again (switching hysteresis). The flue gas fan stops permanently when all the fuel has been consumed.

The buffer cylinder is heated by controlling the buffer primary pump via a temperature differential control between the boiler sensor and a sensor at the bottom of the buffer cylinder, as well as the framework conditions governed by the operation and safety equipment. The control unit is also equipped with a frost protection function that starts the buffer cylinder primary pump as required.

A buffer cylinder can generally be linked hydraulically to a system by two methods: either by changeover (alternative operation) or by starting (serial operation).

Serial operation (return limiter function/ buffer bypass circuit

If a temperature is captured in the top of the buffer cylinder that exceeds the actual temperature of the system return, the system flow is diverted via a three-way valve, thereby including the buffer cylinder. The buffer cylinder flow is integrated into the oil/gas boiler return or in a low loss header. This way, the oil/gas boiler or low loss header will always receive a flow and maintains control over the system.

The buffer cylinder energy is used optimally, as it is always operated down to the lowest possible value (return temperature level). If the temperature in the system return rises above the temperature in the top of the buffer cylinder, the flow is diverted via the three-way valve and the buffer cylinder receives a flow again.

Alternative operation (buffer changeover/ buffer alternative operation)

If a temperature is captured in the top of the buffer cylinder that exceeds the selected changeover temperature, then the oil/gas boiler is locked out and the system flow is diverted via the three-way valve to buffer operation. The oil/gas boiler then no longer receives a flow. The buffer cylinder takes over the system control. If a temperature is captured in the top of the buffer cylinder that is below the set value, the oil/gas boiler is enabled and the system flow is diverted again via the three-way valve to the oil/gas boiler. The buffer cylinder then no longer receives any flow.

The automatic continuation of operation can also be discontinued manually via a switch. However, that may result in the heating circuits not receiving sufficient heat.

DHW heating requires high flow temperatures. The Logamatic 2114 control unit recognises the control of the DHW primary pump and matches the selected changeover temperature accordingly to an adequate set temperature. This makes two changeover values available for optimum buffer cylinder operation.

48/1 Logamatic 2114 control unit

[[ [[

0[00

°CBOILER85.0


Heating control unit 7

7.2 SX control units for Logano S231

7.2.1 SX11

Standard control unit for the Logano S231 special wood boiler for stand-alone operation with buffer cylinder.

A temperature differential control ensures that the buffer cylinder primary pump will only start when the special wood boiler has reached an operating temperature of 65 °C, and the buffer cylinder temperature is lower than the boiler water temperature.

The SX11 control unit also takes over the control of the flue gas fan in accordance with the prevailing operating conditions of the special wood boiler. For further details, see ➔ page 17.

Regulating the heating circuits or the DHW cylinder requires a supplementary heating circuit control unit, e.g. the Logamatic 4121.

7.2.2 SX21/2

Standard control unit of the Logano S231 special wood boiler for operation with a buffer cylinder in conjunction with an oil/gas boiler and separate connection of each boiler to its own chimney.


The SX21/2 control unit also takes over control of the flue gas fan in accordance with the prevailing operating conditions of the special wood boiler. For further details, see ➔ page 17.

In systems including oil/gas boilers with a Logamatic control unit, the WG ECO 004 changeover device or an FM444 function module is required for automatic continuation of operation.

7.2.3 SX21/1

Standard control unit of the Logano S231 special wood boiler for operation with a buffer cylinder in conjunction with an oil/gas boiler and common connection of all boilers to one chimney.


The SX21/1 control unit also takes over the control of the flue gas fan in accordance with the prevailing operating conditions of the special wood boiler. For further details, see ➔ page 17.

The operation of the oil/gas pressure-jet burner is prevented by means of an interlocking circuit when the wood boiler is operating.

In systems including oil/gas boilers with a Logamatic control unit, the WG ECO 004 changeover device or an FM444 function module is required for automatic continuation of operation.



7.3 Control units for Logano S241/SX241

The Logano S241 and SX241 special wood boilers are differentiated primarily by their different control units. The following describes the base control unit for the

Logano S241 and the Ixtronic control unit for the Logano SX241.

7.3.1 Base control unit for the Logano S241

The base control unit for the Logano S241 is a wood boiler control unit that closes the primary air damper to a minimum when the maximum permissible temperature has been reached. The secondary air damper is opened from a minimum setting to the selected set position when the optimum combustion temperature has been reached.

Furthermore, the control unit regulates the maintenance of the boiler operating conditions by specifically controlling the flue gas fan (in stages) and the temperature differential-dependent control of the buffer cylinder primary pump.

The base control unit is supplied fully wired and fitted to the top of the boiler.

7.3.2 Ixtronic control unit for Logano SX241

The Ixtronic control unit features the following

● Optimum control of the boiler output via the flue gas temperature

● Minimised emissions through monitoring and controlling the oxygen content

● Variable control of the dampers for the combustion controllers

● Monitoring the buffer cylinder temperatures

● Control of a boiler circuit pump

● Integral clock

● Retention of all set values, even during power failures

● Safety functions in case of excess boiler temperature and sensor failure

● Extended ECO mode



7.4 Control units for additional control functions

7.4.1 FM444 function module

With the FM444 function module "alternative heat source", a solid fuel boiler and/or a buffer cylinder are linked into the heating system control, i.e. into the Logamatic 4000 control system.

The FM444 function module

● Designed for the automatic continuation of operation of dual-fuel boiler combinations

● Hydraulically links the alternative heat source or buffer cylinder to the heating system, subject to the selected system hydraulics, in series or as an alternative to the oil/gas boiler

● Regulates the buffer cylinder primary pump subject to temperature

● Regulates the operating conditions via a boiler circuit actuator and a boiler circuit pump

● Monitors the alternative heat source (e.g. solid fuel boiler)

● Features a pushbutton for a time-limited interlocking of the oil/gas boiler (heat-up function)

If the FM444 function module is integrated into the boiler or master control unit, then the alternative heat source is linked into the heat source management. The system supports the combination of an alternative heat source with floorstanding and wall mounted boiler systems. The alternative heat source is always given top priority. As long as the alternative heat source is at a temperature that is adequate for supplying the heating system, or has supplied a buffer cylinder with an adequate temperature, the oil/gas boiler stays switched off. The alternative heat source or buffer cylinder are linked into the system either in a bypass circuit or as an alternative to the boiler.

Integrating the alternative heat source and buffer cylinder into the Logamatic 4000 control system enables system-optimised operation of the oil/gas boiler with the alternative heat source. The changeover or starting of the oil/gas boiler is handled dynamically and not, as is sometimes customary, in accordance with adjustable thresholds. The data exchange between the heat sources and the heating system creates permanent balancing between the set temperature currently demanded by the heating system and the temperature available in the buffer cylinder. The heating circuits of the heating system are operated in weather-compensated mode; the changeover or start of the oil/gas boiler will take place subject to the current outside temperature. The entire heating system modulates in accordance with the outside temperature.

Integrating the alternative heat source and buffer cylinder into the Logamatic 4000 control system provides further benefits. Customers are provided with access to settings, information and monitoring features relating to the entire heating system, including the alternative heat source and buffer cylinder, via the MEC2 programming unit.

The FM444 function module also features an "emergency cooling" function. Emergency cooling is activated if the temperature of the alternative heat source exceeds a maximum temperature. A facility to be installed on-site can be activated via a zero volt contact. This may, e.g., start a pump or issue a signal to a monitoring facility. The result is a perfectly matched system. The benefits of this system design are improved energy utilisation and minimised energy spend.

An additional flue gas temperature limiter must be connected if oil/gas boilers and alternative heat sources share a common chimney.

51/1 FM444 function module



7.4.2 UM10 changeover module for combination with an EMS boiler

The UM10 changeover module is designed to interlock the burner of an oil/gas boiler if it shares a common chimney with a solid fuel boiler. For this purpose, equip the solid fuel boiler with a flue gas temperature limiter.

The UM10 offers the following functions

● Input for an external interlock (flue gas temperature limiter of the solid fuel boiler)

● Output to control a facility (e.g. flue gas damper, draught stabiliser, external ventilation air fan). The UM10 receives feedback when the facility has reached its end stop. The burner will not start if there is no such feedback

● Communication with the MC10 heating circuit control unit and the SAFe combustion controller of the oil/gas boiler

● Display of the operating conditions by LED

7.4.3 WG ECO 004 changeover control unit

Control unit for changing over between oil/gas boiler with Logamatic control unit and buffer cylinder.

The WG ECO 004 wall mounted unit controls the changeover between the oil/gas boiler and the buffer cylinder of a solid fuel boiler. Prior to each burner start, the device checks the temperature inside the buffer cylinder and establishes whether it is adequate for the current heat demand. Subject to the established temperature the changeover facility is activated, and the heat demand is covered either by the buffer cylinder or by the oil/gas boiler.

The required heating circuit and DHW flow temperatures can each be adjusted separately. This enables fully automatic operation with simultaneously excellent buffer cylinder utilisation. The current operating state is indicated by LEDs.

This easily enables a separation between wood combustion and oil/gas combustion where control technology is concerned.

Key to diagram1 User interface with LED display of the operating state2 Cover for terminal strips

(cable entry from below)3 Operating mode selector4 Selector for changeover temperature for DHW heating5 Selector for changeover temperature for heating mode

52/1 UM10 changeover module

52/2 WG ECO 004 changeover control unit

1

2

5 4

3



7.5 Function overview of control configuration

Control configuration Logamatic 2114

for Logano S151

SX-User interface

for Logano S231

Basecontrol unitfor Logano

S241

Ixtronic control unitfor Logano

SX241

Logamatic 4000

+ FM444

Boiler operation/flue gas fan/hopper door ● ● ● ● –

Control of the buffer cylinderprimary pump via

ATWTRΔT

––●

––●

––●

––●

●1)

●1)

●1)

1) Type of control can be selected

Actuator control Return temperature raising facility – – – – ●

Alternative operation/changeover function

1. Changeover threshold 1(heating)

2. Changeover threshold 2(DHW)

Subject to set value(heating/DHW)

●

●

–

–2)

–2)

–

2) Only in conjunction with the WG ECO 004 changeover control unit

–2)

–2)

–

–2)

–2)

–

–

–

●

Boiler suppression Fixed value (adjustable)Subject to set value

●

––2)

––2)

––2)

––●

Serial operation/return limiter function with ΔT ● –3)

3) Only in conjunction with the solar controllers Logamatic SC10, SC20 or SC40 (e.g. return temperature limiter set with Logamatic SC10)

–3) –3) ●

Boiler suppression Fixed value (adjustable)Subject to set value

●

–––

––

––

–●

Emergency cooling function(zero volt contact) – – – – ●

Heat-up key for boilersuppression with Oil/gas fired boiler – – – – ●

Temperature display BoilerFlue gasBuffer bottomBuffer centreBuffer topSystem returnBoiler returnWith MEC2 programming unitin the living space

●

●

●

–●

●

––

––––––––

––––––––

●

●

●

●

●

–––

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

●

53/1 Function overview Key to symbols: ● possible, – not possible



7.6 Logamatic 4121 control unit as stand-alone heating circuit controller

As well as controlling a boiler, the Logamatic 4121 control unit can also be used as an autonomous heating circuit controller. The heat source is externally controlled. There is no connection to the heat source. In this application scenario, the basic version of the control unit can control one heating circuit with an actuator and one without on the basis of the outside temperature. In addition, individual timer-controlled DHW heating using a cylinder primary pump (cylinder system), pasteurisation and control of a DHW circulation pump are also possible. There is the option of setting DHW priority or parallel operation with the heating circuits.

➔ A heat source monitoring function is not implemented. If this function is required, factor in the Logamatic 4323 control unit as a stand-alone heating circuit controller.

Key to diagramBF MEC2 programming unit or remote control BFU or BFU/FFA Outside temperature sensorFB DHW temperature sensorFV Flow temperature sensorHK Heating circuitKR Check valvePH Heating circuit pumpPS1 Cylinder primary pump (primary circuit)PZ DHW circulation pumpSH Heating circuit actuator (3-way mixer)RH Heating circuit returnVH Heating circuit flow

54/1 System example for the Logamatic 4121 control unit in its standard version used as a stand-alone heating circuit controller

KR

PZ

FB

FA

RH

VH

Logamatic 4121

1PH 2PH

2SH

2FVKR

1BF

HK1

2BF

HK2

KR

PS1

1)

1) The use of unmixed heating circuits is not recommended inconjunction with solid fuel boilers.


System examples 8

8 System examples

8.1 Information regarding all system examples

The connection of wood boilers on the hydraulic and control side is subject to many complex factors that influence each other in turn. Apart from the legal requirements and technical rules, it is very important to initially check the operating mode with the user. Also pay particular attention to the connection of other heat sources, e.g. solar thermal systems.

System version

Only in a few cases will the solid fuel boiler be the sole heat source in a heating system.

Control and safety equipment is required for combination with an oil/gas boiler if the simultaneous operation of both heat sources should or must be prevented. As soon as the fuel in the boiler has been consumed or the heating energy of the buffer cylinder becomes inadequate, the oil/gas boiler should start to cover the heat demand on its own.

Connecting each boiler to its own chimney is technically the best solution and should definitely be preferred when planning such systems.

A flue system appropriate for the individual operating conditions can then be assigned to each heat source. Advanced low temperature or condensing boilers can, or in some cases must, be connected to a flue. The boiler, on the other hand, must be connected to a chimney, as specified [for Germany] by the MuFeuVO. Furthermore, the required draught for the oil/gas boiler will generally deviate from that of the wood boiler.

To ensure reliable operation, observe the following hydraulic circuits with the matching control equipment.

For all system examples, the following applies

● Issue for examples: December 2008

● The system layout is to be seen as a recommendation only

● No claim to completeness is made or implied

● Observe all current regulations and guidelines/directives concerning the system installation and component sizing on site

List of abbreviations

Abbr. Explanation

ATW Flue gas temperature limiter

EK Cold water inlet

FA Outside temperature sensor

FAG/FWG Flue gas temperature sensor

FAR System return temperature sensor

FB DHW temperature sensor

FK Boiler water temperature sensor

FPO Buffer cylinder top temperature sensor

FPU Buffer cylinder bottom temperature sensor

FSK Collector temperature sensor

FSS1 Cylinder temperature sensor (1st consumer)

FV Flow temperature sensor

FWG/FAG Flue gas temperature sensor

HK Heating circuit

DEV Diaphragm expansion vessel

PH Heating circuit pump

PP/PWE Heat source pump/buffer cylinder primary pump

PS Cylinder primary pump

55/1 Summary of frequently used abbreviations

Abbr. Explanation

PSS1 Solar circuit pump

PWE/PP Heat source pump/buffer cylinder primary pump

PZ DHW circulation pump

R Return

RK Boiler return

RS Cylinder return

SA Branch control and shut-off valve

SH Heating circuit actuator (three-way mixer)

SU Three-way diverter valve

SWE Actuator, heat supply

SWRActuator, solid fuel boiler or return temperature raising facility

TW Temperature limiter

V Flow

VK Boiler flow

VS Cylinder flow

WH Low loss header

WWM Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer


8 System examples

8.1.1 Hydraulic connection

Heating circuit actuators (mixers)

For systems with a buffer cylinder or combi cylinder, the heating circuits for solid fuel boilers should always be equipped with a heating circuit control with mixer. For this, Buderus offers the heating circuit quick-installation systems for wall mounting (HSM + WMS). The optimum utilisation of a buffer cylinder is only possible with mixer control on the heating water side.

Heating circuit pumps

The Energy Savings Order [Germany] defines in paragraph 12, sect. 3 the requirements for the selection of heating circuit pumps:

"Those having circulation pumps replaced or installed for the first time in heating circuits of central heating systems with a rated output above 25 kW must ensure that these pumps are equipped or designed in such a way that their power consumption is automatically matched to the operationally required pump rate demand in at least three stages, subject there being no safety concerns regarding the boiler that would prevent this."

For systems with a constant flow rate (e.g. cylinder primary pumps or low loss headers), there is no requirement for a variable speed circulation pump.

Expansion vessels

When sizing the system, not only is the maximum system temperature, generally 90 °C (because of the high boiler temperature level) relevant, but also the total water content of the individual components. In particular, observe the volume of one or several buffer cylinders. It should be mentioned in this connection that the use of several "small" expansion vessels may be more beneficial and affordable than the use of, e.g., only one large expansion vessel. The number and connection locations of the expansion vessels shown are recommendations only. Subject to system layout, deviations may be possible or even essential.

Utilisation of solar energy

From an ecological and economical viewpoint, there are special benefits that arise from a technical system combination of a wood boiler with a solar thermal system. All system examples could equally well be combined with solar DHW heating. All system examples with buffer or combi cylinders can also be implemented with solar central heating backup. For this, the examples with a combi cylinder or serial operation are particularly suitable.

System examples for the integration of a solar thermal system are included in the technical guide "Logasol solar technology".

8.2 Safety equipment

8.2.1 Requirements

Unlike oil or gas combustion, solid fuel combustion is categorised as difficult to control. Solid fuel boilers may only be used in sealed unvented systems with a diaphragm expansion vessel in conjunction with a tested safety heat exchanger. The solid fuel boilers Logano S151, Logano S231 and Logano S241/SX241 from Buderus are correspondingly equipped and tested. Provide a thermally activated safety valve acting as a high limit safety cut-out that must be tested

accordingly on site. A minimum pressure of 2 bar must be ensured in the cold water supply line.

The output of solid fuel boilers is substantially dependent on the chimney draught. The installation of a draught stabiliser (chimney draught limiter) is therefore required and should be adjusted to the boiler-specific draught requirement.

Solid fuel boiler Fan Combustion controller

Thermally activated safety valve

Draught stabiliserLogano Boiler size

S151 15/20/25/30/35/40 as standard as standard1)

1) The function is ensured by the Logamatic 2114 control unit and the flue gas fan

essential essential

S231 40 as standard as standard2)

2) The function is ensured via the internal boiler control unit and the servomotors

essential essential

S241/SX241 23/27/30 as standard as standard2) essential essential

56/1 Required (safety) accessories for solid fuel boilers from Buderus


System examples 8

The safety equipment must comply with DIN EN 12828. An open vented system can be created subject to correct implementation, but is not recommended.

The following schematic diagram can be used to assist in planning the safety equipment of heating systems.

Fig. 57/1 shows the most important safety elements of the system type, without claiming to be complete.

The practical implementation is subject to currently applicable technical rules.

8.2.2 Arrangement of safety components in accordance with DIN EN 12828

Boilers < 100 kW; shutdown temperature (high limit safety cut-out) ≤ 110 °C and control thermostat (TR) ≤ 105 °C

Key to diagramRK Boiler returnVK Boiler flow1 Boiler2 Safety heat exchanger3 Shut-off valve, flow/return4 Combustion controller as boiler control thermostat TR5 Thermally activated safety valve as high limit safety cut-out6 Temperature measuring facility7 Diaphragm safety valve MSV 2.5 bar/3 bar8 Blow-off line9 Pressure measuring device10 Low water indicator WMS11 Top-up connection12 Drain valve13 Expansion line14 Shut-off valve with lockout against unintentional closure

(e.g. by sealed cap valve)15 DEV drain16 Diaphragm expansion vessel DEV17 Cold water supply line (supply pressure min. 2.0 bar)18 Draught stabiliser19 Chimney

57/1 Safety equipment for solid fuel boiler < 100 kW and with high limit safety cut-out ≤ 110 °C

3

10

6

4

8

18

19

11

1314

15

16

212

RK

VK

12

517

9

7

Direct heating


8 System examples

8.3 Stand-alone wood combustion systems

8.3.1 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and solar DHW heating

Information regarding all system examples (➔ page 55)

Function description

The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated in the solid fuel boiler into the buffer cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The heating circuit control unit provides the weather-compensated control of the heating circuits and the demand-dependent heating of the DHW cylinder. Heat generation and heat consumption are separated by the buffer cylinder. Subject to the boiler output and buffer cylinder capacity having been chosen correctly, the

boiler and heating circuit operation can be varied as required. Ensure the provision of frost protection for a stand-alone wood combustion system (winter operation). Where no FM444 function module is used, a discharge of the DHW cylinder when the buffer cylinder has been cooled down can be prevented through the use of an additional temperature limiter inside the buffer cylinder (minimum temperature limit). In summer, the solar thermal system provides DHW heating. In addition, the use of an electric booster heater for DHW heating should be taken into consideration.

➔ You can check the system hydraulics in the Buderus hydraulic database at www.buderus.de/hydraulikdatenbank.

Control versions

58/1 System example: Stand-alone wood combustion system with two buffer cylinders and solar DHW heating

FSK

T

T

PSS1

SA

FV

PH

SH

FB

FSS1

WWM

PS

PZ

FK

PWE

SWR

FA

FWG

TW

FPU

FK

11

7 7

8 8

6

5

4

1

2

3

12

Logano S241Logalux SL

The circuit diagram is only a schematic illustration!Abbreviations ➔ 55/1

Logalux PRLogalux PR

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control of the components by the

Heating circuits Solid fuel boiler

SH, PH, PS, PZ 6 (SWR) 5 (PWE) Temperature/output

Logamatic 4000+ FM444

S151

Logamatic 4121 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX11

S241 Base control unit

SX241 Ixtronic control unit

Logamatic 4000or third party

S151

Logamatic 41211)

or third party

1) Add a temperature limiter to optimise the heating of the DHW cylinder (Item 11)

Controller withoutauxiliary energy

Logamatic 2114 Logamatic 2114

S231 SX11 SX11

S241 Base control unit Base control unit

SX241Ixtronic control

unitIxtronic control unit

58/2 Possible control versions (the control components in blue correspond to the selection under hydraulics 58/1)


System examples 8

Parts list

Pos. Accessorypack

System components Comments Furtherinformation

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano

S151 Including Logamatic 2114, boiler fill & drain tap, stoking and cleaning set ➔ page 15

S231 Including SX user interface ➔ page 17

S241/SX241 Including base control unit or Ixtronic control unit ➔ page 19

2 ● Thermally activated safety valve – ➔ page 87

3 ● Boiler safety assembly Quick-acting air vent valve, pressure gauge, safety valve 3 bar: 5" up to 50 kW and 6" up to 100 kW –

4 ● DEV with cap valve – –

– ● Draught controller/draught stabiliser ZUK150 with connection piece A150/000 for fitting a flue pipe ➔ page 86

– – Stoking and cleaning device For Logano S231/S241/SX241 ➔ page 93

– – Boiler fill & drain tap For Logano S231/S241/SX241 –

– – Commissioning ➔ Catalogue of services –

Hydraulic and control connection (observe Tab. ➔ 58/2)

1 –

S151 Logamatic 2114

Optimised control of the buffer primary pump witha temperature differential control unit

➔ page 48

S231SX11 (part of the standard delivery of the boiler)

➔ page 49

S241/SX241Base control unit/Ixtronic control unit (part of the standard delivery of the boiler)

➔ page 50

– –Option: FM444 – only in conjunction with Logamatic 4000

System integration of the wood combustion system into the electronic Logamatic 4000 control system

➔ page 51

Buffer primary pump and return temperature raising facility subject to accessory pack as quick-installation set or individual components

5+6 ●Buffer cylinder primary pump with return temperature raising facility as complete assembly

Quick-installation set Oventrop Regumat RTA(up to approx. 30 kW)

➔ page 88 f.

5 ●Buffer cylinder primary pump with non-return valve

– ➔ page 36

6

●Return temperature raising facility (sizing in accordance with output and flow rate: DN25 to approx. 30 kW, DN40 to approx. 50 kW)

In conjunction with FM444: Three-way mixer with servomotor

–

●

Alternatively: Three-way mixer with controller without auxiliary energy

➔ page 88

Heat storage and heat transfer into the system

7 – Buffer cylinder Logalux PR ➔ page 32and page 38

8 – DEV with cap valve – –

– – Thermometer Analogue or digital available as accessory –

– – Shut-off ball taps and boiler fill & drain tap – –

Control system for heating circuit control

12 – Control unit with accessories for controlling heating circuits and DHW cylinder e.g. Logamatic 4121 –

11 – Temperature limiter1)

1) Not required in conjunction with Logamatic 4000 and FM444

Prevents the operation of the DHW primary pump when the buffer cylinder temperature is too low –

DHW heating with dual-mode solar cylinders

– – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux SM/SL –

Solar

– – Logasol solar technology – –

Heat distribution

– – Heating circuit quick-installation systems – –

Flue system

– – For solid fuel boilers – ➔ page 94 ff.

59/1 Parts list for a stand-alone wood combustion system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and solar DHW heating (➔ Fig. 58/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.3.2 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and combi cylinder for solar DHW heating



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated in the solid fuel boiler into the buffer cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The heating circuit control unit provides the weather-compensated control of the heating circuits. Heat generation and heat consumption are separated by the buffer cylinder. Subject to the boiler output and buffer cylinder

capacity having been chosen correctly, the boiler and heating circuit operation can be varied as required. Ensure the provision of frost protection for a stand-alone wood combustion system (winter operation). In summer, the solar thermal system provides DHW heating. In addition, the use of an electric booster heater for DHW heating should be taken into consideration. The solar thermal system is also used for central heating backup.


Control versions

60/1 System example: Stand-alone wood combustion system with buffer cylinder and combi cylinder for solar DHW heating

FK

FB

PSS1

SA

FV

PH

SH

FK

PWE

SWR

WWM

FA FWG

FPU FSS1

7 7

8

8

6

54

1

2

3

12

FSK

Logano S241Logalux PR


Logalux PL.../2S...

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano


Heating circuits Solid fuel boiler

SH, PH, PS, PZ 6 (SWR) 5 (PWE) Temperature/output

Logamatic 4000+ FM444

S151

Logamatic 4121 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX11




S151


Controller withoutauxiliary energy


S231 SX11 SX11






System examples 8

Parts list

Pos. Accessorypack


Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –

S151 Logamatic 2114

Optimised control of the buffer primary pump witha temperature differential control unit

➔ page 48


➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36

6

● Return temperature raising facility (sizing in accordance with output and flow rate: DN25 to approx. 30 kW, DN40 to approx. 50 kW)


–

●

Alternatively: Three-way mixer with controller without auxiliary energy

➔ page 88


7 – Combi cylinder/buffer cylinderLogalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2,Logalux PR

➔ page 32and page 38 f.




Control system for heating circuit control

12 – Control unit with accessories for controlling heating circuits and DHW cylinder e.g. Logamatic 4121 –

DHW heating with solar combi cylinders

7 – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2 –

Solar


Heat distribution


Flue system

– – For solid fuel boilers – ➔ page 94 ff.

61/1 Parts list for a stand-alone wood combustion system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and combi cylinderfor solar DHW heating (➔ Fig. 60/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.4 Dual-fuel boiler systems (alternative operation)

8.4.1 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and floorstanding oil/gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated in the solid fuel boiler into the buffer cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the buffer cylinder temperature reaches the changeover temperature. The buffer cylinder then covers the heat demand of the heating circuits. The oil/gas boiler is electrically locked out and hydraulically separated. The changeover is subject to the selected control unit configuration. If the

boilers are connected to a common chimney, for safety reasons a flue gas temperature limiter must prevent the burner operation of the oil/gas boiler when the solid fuel boiler is operational, until its fuel has been fully consumed.

➔ In conjunction with the Logamatic 2114, an adjustable temperature is set as the changeover value. An additional changeover value can be selected for DHW heating. The use of the FM444 function module is ideal, since it changes over into modulating mode subject to the currently required temperature.


Control versions

62/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with buffer cylinder and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in alternative operation

T

PZ

FV

PH

SH

FAFPOSWE FAG

FPUFB

PS

FK

PWE

SWR7

8 6

5

4

1

2

39

Buderus


Logano plus GB125Logalux ST/SU

Logano S151Logalux PR

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control unitLogano

oil/gas boiler


Heating circuits Integration Solid fuel boiler

SH, PH, PS, PZ 9 (SWE) 6 (SWR) 5 (PWE) Temperature/output

Logamatic 4000 + FM444

S151

Logamatic 4211/EMS

Logamatic 4211/4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21



Logamatic 2000/4000/ EMS or third party

S151Logamatic

2107/4211/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 2107/4211/

4121/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 21141)

1) Systems with Logano S151 and S241/SX241 and connection to a common flue system require an additional flue gas temperature limiter

Controller without auxiliary energy


S231

WG ECO 0041)2)

2) Systems with third party boiler/control unit require a suitable boiler sensor

SX21 SX21






System examples 8

Parts listPos. Accessory

packSystem components Comments Further

information

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano











Hydraulic and control connection (observe Tab.➔ 62/2)

1 –

S151Logamatic 2114 Optimised control of the buffer primary pump with

a temperature differential control unit ➔ page 48

Flue gas temperature limiter Required for systems with a common chimney –

S231SX21 (part of the standard delivery of the boiler) Optimised control of the buffer primary pump with

a temperature differential control unit

➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51

– – WG ECO 004 For Logano S231/S241/SX241, application ➔ 62/2 ➔ page 52




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36

6● Return temperature raising facility

(sizing in accordance with output and flow rate: DN25 to approx. 30 kW, DN40 to approx. 50 kW)


–

●Alternatively: Three-way mixer with controller without

auxiliary energy➔ page 88






9 –Changeover facility (sizing in accordance with output and flow rate: DN25 to approx. 30 kW, DN32 to approx. 50 kW)

Three-way mixer with servomotor ➔ page 92

Oil/gas boiler with control system

– – Oil/gas boiler with accessories e.g. Logano GB125 –

– – Control unit for oil/gas boilers, heating circuits and DHW cylinders e.g. Logamatic 2107/4211/EMS –

– – UM10 changeover module Required for systems with a common chimney and Logamatic EMS control system ➔ page 52

DHW heating

– – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux ST/SU –

Heat distribution


Flue system

– – For solid fuel boilers and oil/gas boilers – ➔ page 94 ff.

63/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in alternative operation (➔ Fig. 62/1); key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.4.2 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and floorstanding oil/gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated in the solid fuel boiler into the buffer cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the buffer cylinder temperature reaches the changeover temperature. The buffer cylinder then covers the heat demand of the heating circuits. The oil/gas boiler is electrically locked out and hydraulically separated. The changeover is subject to the selected control unit configuration. If the

boilers are connected to a common chimney, for safety reasons a flue gas temperature limiter must prevent the burner operation of the oil/gas boiler when the solid fuel boiler is operational, until its fuel has been fully consumed.

➔ In conjunction with the Logamatic 2114, an adjustable temperature is set as the changeover value. An additional changeover value can be selected for DHW heating. The use of the FM444 function module is ideal, since it changes over into modulating mode subject to the currently required temperature.


Control versions

64/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with two buffer cylinders and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in alternative operation

PZ

FV

PH

SH

FAFPO SWE FAG

FPUFB

PS

FK

PWE FAR

SWR7 7

8 8

65

4

1

2

39

T

Logano S151Logalux ST/SU Logalux PR


Logalux PR Logano plus GB125

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control unitLogano

oil/gas boiler





S151

Logamatic 4211/EMS

Logamatic 4211/4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151Logamatic

2107/4211/4121/

EMS or third party


4121/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 21141)

1) Systems with Logano S151 and S241/SX241 and connection to a common flue system require an additional flue gas temperature limiter



S231

WG ECO 0041)2)

2) Systems with third party boiler/control unit require a suitable boiler sensor

SX21 SX21






System examples 8



information

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano











Hydraulic and control connection (observe Tab.➔ 64/2)

1 –






➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51

– – WG ECO 004 For Logano S231/S241/SX241, application ➔ 64/2 ➔ page 52




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36

6●

Return temperature raising facility (sizing in accordance with output and flow rate: DN25 to approx. 30 kW, DN40 to approx. 50 kW)


–

●Alternatively: Three-way mixer with controller without auxiliary energy

➔ page 88












DHW heating


Heat distribution


Flue system


65/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in alternative operation (➔ Fig. 64/1); key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5 Dual-fuel boiler systems (serial operation)

8.5.1 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and floorstanding oil/gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated in the solid fuel boiler into the buffer cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer cylinder is higher than that returning from the heating circuits. The system return flows into the buffer cylinder at the bottom. The return to the oil/gas boiler

is drawn from the top of the buffer. Should the temperature be insufficient to cover the current heat demand, the oil/gas boiler will reheat to the required set value. As soon as the temperature in the buffer cylinder becomes lower than the system return temperature, the actuator is reset and heating operation is covered by the oil/gas boiler only. Consequently, the oil/gas boiler receives a flow in any operating mode, and the temperature inside the buffer cylinder is always utilised to the best possible level.


Control versions

66/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with buffer cylinder and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation

PZ

FV

PH

SH

FAFPO

SWE

FAG

FPU

FAR

FB

PS

FK

PWE

SWR7

8 6

5

4

1

2

3

9

Logano S151Logalux ST/SU Logano plus GB125


Logalux PR

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control unitLogano

oil/gas boiler





S151

Logamatic 4211/EMS

Logamatic 4211/4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21



Logamatic 2000/4000/EMS or third party

S151Logamatic

2107/4211/4121/

EMS or third party


4121/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 2114



S231Return

temperature limiter set1)

1) In conjunction with the Logamatic 4000, this function can also be fulfilled by the FM443 or FM444 function modules.

SX21 SX21






System examples 8



information

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –






➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88












DHW heating


Heat distribution


Flue system


67/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 66/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.2 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and floorstanding oil/gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated in the solid fuel boiler into the buffer cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer cylinder is higher than that returning from the heating circuits. The system return flows into the buffer cylinder at the bottom. The return to the oil/gas boiler

is drawn from the top of the buffer. Should the temperature be insufficient to cover the current heat demand, the oil/gas boiler will reheat to the required set value. As soon as the temperature in the buffer cylinder becomes lower than the system return temperature, the actuator is reset and heating operation is covered by the oil/gas boiler only. Consequently, the oil/gas boiler receives a flow in any operating mode, and the temperature inside the buffer cylinder is always utilised to the best possible level.


Control versions

68/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with two buffer cylinders and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation

PZ

FV

PH

SH

FAFPO SWE

FAG

FPUFB

PS

FK

PWE

SWR7 7

8 8

65

4

1

2

39

Logano S151Logalux ST/SULogano plus

GB125



Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control unitLogano

oil/gas boiler





S151

Logamatic 4211/EMS

Logamatic 4211/4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151Logamatic

2107/4211/4121/

EMS or third party


4121/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 2114



S231Return



SX21 SX21






System examples 8



information

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –






➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88










– –Control unit for oil/gas boilers, heating circuits and DHW cylinders

e.g. Logamatic 2107/4211/EMS –


DHW heating


Heat distribution


Flue system


69/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 68/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.3 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus floorstanding oil/gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated inside the solid fuel boiler into the combi cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer part of the combi cylinder is higher than that returning from the system heating circuits. The system return flows into the combi cylinder at the bottom. The return to the oil/gas boiler is drawn from the centre of the combi cylinder. Should the temperature be insufficient to cover the current heat demand, the oil/gas boiler will reheat to the required set value.

Consequently, the oil/gas boiler receives a flow in any operating mode, and the temperature inside the combi cylinder is always utilised to the best possible level. If the boilers are connected to a common chimney, for safety reasons a flue gas temperature limiter must prevent the burner operation of the oil/gas boiler when the solid fuel boiler is operational, until its fuel has been fully consumed.

➔ The use of the FM443/FM444 function module is ideal, as the operation of the oil/gas boiler is completely prevented in any operational situation as long as the temperature in the combi cylinder is adequate to cover the current demand.


Control versions

70/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with combi cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation

FK

PWE

SWR

FSS1FPU

FPO

FV

FAR

PH

SH

7

8 6

5

4

1

2

3

9

PSS1

SA

FSK

T

SWE

FAG FA

Buderus

WWM

PZ

FB

Logano S151Logalux PL.../2S


Logano plus GB125

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control unitLogano

oil/gas boiler





S151

Logamatic 4211/EMS

Logamatic 4211/4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151 Logamatic 21071)/42111)/

EMS or third party


4121/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 2114 Controller

without auxiliary energy


S231 Return temperature limiter set1)


SX21 SX21


SX241 Ixtronic control unit Ixtronic control unit



System examples 8



informationSolid fuel boiler

1 – LoganoS151 Including Logamatic 2114, boiler fill & drain tap,

stoking and cleaning set ➔ page 15

S231 Including SX user interface ➔ page 17S241/SX241 Including base control unit or Ixtronic control unit ➔ page 19





– – Stoking and cleaning device For Logano S231/S241/SX241 ➔ page 93– – Boiler fill & drain tap For Logano S231/S241/SX241 –– – Commissioning ➔ Catalogue of services –


1 –






➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88


7 – Combi cylinder Logalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2➔ page 32

and page 38 f.

8 – DEV with cap valve – –– – Thermometer Analogue or digital available as accessory –– – Shut-off ball taps and boiler fill & drain tap – –



Oil/gas boiler with control system– – Oil/gas boiler with accessories e.g. Logano GB125 –



DHW heating with solar combi cylinders7 – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2 –

Solar– – Logasol solar technology – –

Heat distribution– – Heating circuit quick-installation systems – –

Flue system– – For solid fuel boilers and oil/gas boilers – ➔ page 94 ff.

71/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 70/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.4 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder and buffer cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus floorstanding oil/gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated inside the solid fuel boiler into the combi cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer part of the combi cylinder is higher than that returning from the system heating circuits. The system return flows into the buffer cylinder at the bottom. The return to the oil/gas boiler is drawn from the centre of

the combi cylinder. Should the temperature be insufficient to cover the current heat demand, the oil/gas boiler will reheat to the required set value. Consequently, the oil/gas boiler receives a flow in any operating mode, and the temperature inside the combi cylinder is always utilised to the best possible level.

➔ The use of the FM443/FM444 function module is ideal, as the operation of the oil/gas boiler is completely prevented in any operational situation as long as the temperature in the combi cylinder is adequate to cover the current demand.


Control versions

72/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with combi cylinder and buffer cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation

SC-40

FK

PWE

SWR

FSS1FPU

FPO

FV

FAR

PH

SH

FSK

PSS1

SA

WWM

PZ

FB

SWE

FWG FA

7

8

7

8 65

4

1

2

39



Logalux PR Logano plus GB125

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Control unitLogano

oil/gas boiler





S151

Logamatic 4211/EMS

Logamatic 4211/4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151Logamatic

21071)/42111)/

EMS or third party

Logamatic 2107/

4211/4121/EMS or third

party

Logamatic 2114



S231Return



SX21 SX21






System examples 8



informationSolid fuel boiler

1 – LoganoS151 Including Logamatic 2114, boiler fill & drain tap,

stoking and cleaning set ➔ page 15

S231 Including SX user interface ➔ page 17S241/SX241 Including base control unit or Ixtronic control unit ➔ page 19





– – Stoking and cleaning device For Logano S231/S241/SX241 ➔ page 93– – Boiler fill & drain tap For Logano S231/S241/SX241 –– – Commissioning ➔ Catalogue of services –


1 –






➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88


7 – Combi cylinder/buffer cylinderLogalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2, Logalux PR

➔ page 32and

page 38 f.8 – DEV with cap valve – –– – Thermometer Analogue or digital available as accessory –– – Shut-off ball taps and boiler fill & drain tap – –



Oil/gas boiler with control system– – Oil/gas boiler with accessories e.g. Logano GB125 –



DHW heating with solar combi cylinders7 – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2 –

Solar– – Logasol solar technology – –

Heat distribution– – Heating circuit quick-installation systems – –

Flue system– – For solid fuel boilers and oil/gas boilers – ➔ page 94 ff.

73/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder and buffer cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus floorstanding oil/gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 72/1); key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.5 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus wall mounted gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated inside the solid fuel boiler into the combi cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer part of the combi cylinder is higher than that returning from the system heating circuits. The system return then flows into the combi cylinder at the bottom. The return to the low loss header is drawn from the centre of the combi cylinder. Should this

temperature (sensor in the low loss header) be insufficient to fully cover the current heat demand, the wall mounted gas boiler will reheat to the required set value.

➔ The use of the Logamatic 4000 is preferred, since the "external temperature recognition" means the wall mounted gas boiler operates only on demand.

➔ The use of the FM443/FM444 function modules is ideal, as the operation of the wall mounted gas boiler is completely prevented in any operational situation, as long as the temperature in the buffer cylinder is adequate to cover the current demand.


Control versions

74/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with combi cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation

FK

FK

PWE

SWR

FSS1

FPU

FPO

FV

FAR

PH

SH

PSS1

SA

SWEFAG FA

WWM

PZ

FB

7

8 65

4

1

2

39

12

FSK

Logano 151

Logamax plus GB162

Logalux PL.../2S


Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano

Wall mounted gas boiler

control unit Logamax plus





S151Logamatic

EMS/UBA or third party1)

1) e.g. by specifying a set value using a 0–10 V signal (e.g. function module FM448)

Logamatic 4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21



Logamatic2000/4000/ EMS or third party

S151Logamatic

EMS/UBA or third party

Logamatic 2107/EMS2)/4121 or third

party

2) The pump of the wall mounted boiler runs constantly in heating mode. To prevent this, use the Logamatic 4000 control system.

Logamatic 21143)

3) In conjunction with the Logamatic 4000, this function can also be fulfilled by the FM443 function module.




SX21 SX21





System examples 8



information

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –

S151 Logamatic 2114 Optimised control of the buffer primary pump with a temperature differential control unit ➔ page 48



➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88


7 – Combi cylinder Logalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2 ➔ page 32and page 38 f.






Wall mounted gas boiler with control system

– – Wall mounted gas boiler with accessories e.g. Logamax plus GB162 –

– – Control unit for wall mounted gas boilers, heating circuits and DHW cylinders e.g. Logamatic 4121 –



Solar


Heat distribution


– – Low loss header – –

Flue system

– – For solid fuel boilers and wall mounted gas boilers – ➔ page 94 ff.

75/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 74/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.6 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder and buffer cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus wall mounted gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated inside the solid fuel boiler into the combi cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer part of the combi cylinder is higher than that returning from the system heating circuits. The return then flows into the buffer cylinder at the bottom. Hotter heating water is drawn from the centre of the combi cylinder and routed into the system return and from there to the low loss header. Should this temperature

(sensor in the low loss header) be insufficient to fully cover the current heat demand, the wall mounted gas boiler will reheat to the required set value.




Control versions

76/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with combi cylinder and buffer cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation

7

8

7

8

65

4

1

2

39

12

FK

FK

PWE

SWR

FSS1FPU

FPO

FV

FAR

PH

SH

PSS1

SA

SWE

FAG FA

WWM

PZ

FB

FSK


Logamax plus GB162

Logalux PR


Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano







S151Logamatic



Logamatic 4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151Logamatic



party


Logamatic 21143)





SX21 SX21





System examples 8



information

Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –

S151 Logamatic 2114

Optimised control of the buffer primary pump with a temperature differential control unit

➔ page 48


➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88


7 – Combi cylinder/buffer cylinderLogalux PL...2/S, Logalux P750S, Duo FWS.../2, Logalux PR

➔ page 32and page 38 f.











Solar


Heat distribution



Flue system


77/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with combi cylinder and buffer cylinder for solar DHW heating and central heating backup plus wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 76/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.7 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and wall mounted gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated inside the solid fuel boiler into the combi cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer cylinder is higher than that returning from the heating circuits. The return then flows into the buffer cylinder at the bottom. Hotter heating water is routed into the system return and from there to the low loss header. Should this temperature (sensor in the low loss

header) be insufficient to fully cover the current heat demand, the wall mounted gas boiler will reheat to the required set value.




Control versions

78/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with buffer cylinder and wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation

7

8 6

5

4

12

1

2

3

9

SWE

FAR

PZ

FV

PH

SH

FA

FPO

FAG

FPUFB

PS

FK

PWE

SWR

FK

Logano S151

Logamax plus GB162

Logalux SU


Logalux PR

Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano







S151Logamatic



Logamatic 4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151Logamatic



party


Logamatic 21143)





SX21 SX21





System examples 8

Parts list

Pos. Accessorypack


Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –

S151 Logamatic 2114


➔ page 48


➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88











DHW heating

– – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux SU –

Heat distribution



Flue system


79/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with buffer cylinder and wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 78/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.5.8 Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and wall mounted gas boiler



The PWE buffer cylinder primary pump transfers the heating energy generated inside the solid fuel boiler into the combi cylinder. The minimum boiler return temperature is safeguarded via the SWR actuator. The control logic of the primary pump and the actuator is subject to the controller used in each case. The SWE actuator is switched when the temperature in the buffer cylinders is higher than that returning from the heating circuits. The system return now flows into the buffer cylinder (at the bottom) and hotter heating water is again routed into the system return and from there to the low loss header. Should this temperature

(sensor in the low loss header) be insufficient to fully cover the current heat demand, the wall mounted gas boiler will reheat to the required set value.




Control versions

80/1 System example: Dual-fuel boiler system with two buffer cylinders and wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation

M

T

T

7

8

7

8 6

5

4

1

2

3

9

12

SWE

FARFK

PZ

FV

PH

SH

FA

FPO

FAG

FPUFB

PSFK

PWE

SWR Logano S151

Logamax plus GB162

Logalux SU



Lead control system

Solid fuel boiler

Logano







S151Logamatic



Logamatic 4121

FM444 FM444 FM444

Logamatic 2114

S231 SX21




S151Logamatic



party


Logamatic 21143)





SX21 SX21





System examples 8

Parts list

Pos. Accessorypack


Solid fuel boiler

1 – Logano












1 –

S151 Logamatic 2114


➔ page 48


➔ page 49


➔ page 50



➔ page 51




➔ page 88 f.


– ➔ page 36




–


➔ page 88











DHW heating

– – DHW cylinder with accessories Logalux SU –

Heat distribution



Flue system


81/1 Parts list for a dual-fuel boiler system with Logano S151, S231 or S241/SX241 with two buffer cylinders and wall mounted gas boiler in serial operation (➔ Fig. 80/1)Key to symbols: ● included; – not included


8 System examples

8.6 Hydraulic detail for wall mounted gas boilers

The individual hydraulic schemes are different for wall mounted gas boilers. E.g., the three-way diverter valve for each heat source is positioned either in the boiler flow or the boiler return.

The following diagram shows the hydraulic connection of the Buderus wall mounted boilers for the system examples with combi cylinders (➔ pages 74 to 77).

82/1 Hydraulic detail for wall mounted gas boilers in the system examples with combi cylinders (abbreviations ➔ 55/1)

Logamax plus GB162-15/25/35/45

PH

VK RK

M

VS RS

Logamax plus GB132, GB152, GB122

PH

VK RKVS

A B

AB

M

M

U-KS 11

1)

Logamax plus GB142-45/60

Logamax plus GB112-24/29/43/60

PH

VK RKVS

A B

AB

M

Logamax plus GB112-11/19

PH

VS RK

M

VK RS

1) Isolate the integral three-way valve electrically. Install the external three-way valve and connect to the power supply.


Installation 9

9 Installation

9.1 Transport and handling

9.1.1 Delivery method

9.2 Installation room conditions

9.2.1 Combustion air supply

The installation room should meet the conditions specified by the respective national, regional or local regulations appertaining to boiler rooms and must comply with relevant Fire Regulations. In Germany, the Fire Regulations are generally based on the sample Fire Regulations of February 2005. Observe the details of the respective Fire Regulations that apply to the specific locality.

Rated heat output < 35 kW

For open flue combustion equipment with a total rated output < 35 kW, the combustion air supply is deemed to have been verified if the combustion equipment is installed in a room that features the following

● At least one door leading to the outside or a window that can be opened (rooms connected with the outside) and a room volume of at least 4 m3 per 1 kW total rated output

● Connection to other rooms connected to the outside (interconnected combustion air supply), or

● Air vent leading to the outside with an unobstructed cross-section of at least 150 cm2 or two vents of 75 cm2 each; alternatively lines towards the outside with cross-sections offering the equivalent flow rate

The interconnected combustion air supply between the installation room and room connected to the outside must be provided by combustion air apertures with a minimum cross-section of 150 cm2 between the rooms.

The total interconnection of air between those rooms that are part of the combustion air interconnection must be at least 4 m3 per 1 kW total rated output of the combustion equipment. Never allow rooms without connection to the outside to be part of the calculation of the total room volume.

Rated heat output from 35 kW to 50 kW

For open flue combustion equipment with a total rated output from 35 kW to 50 kW, the combustion air supply is deemed to have been verified if the combustion equipment is installed in a room that features the following

● Air vent leading to the outside with an unobstructed cross-section of at least 150 cm2 or two vents of 75 cm2 each; alternatively lines towards the outside with cross-sections offering the equivalent flow rate

Rated heat output > 50 kW

For combustion equipment with a total rated output > 50 kW, the combustion air supply is deemed to have been verified if the following conditions are met:

● An aperture leading outside with an unobstructed cross-section of at least 150 cm2 + 2 cm2 for every kW output above 50 kW rated boiler output. The required cross-section may at most be split over two lines and must offer an equivalent flow rate

General requirements regarding the supply of combustion air

● Combustion air apertures and lines must never be closed or covered as long as there is no special safety equipment that would ensure the combustion equipment can only be operated if the flow cross-section is unobstructed

● The required cross-section must not be restricted by a closure or grille

● An adequate supply of combustion air can, in individual cases, also be verified by other means

The package contains the following

Logano solid fuel boiler

S151 S231 S241 SX241

Complete boiler block 1 shipping unit

Boiler casing, thermal insulation and small parts

1 carton 1 carton1 carton (excl. top casing

panel)1 carton

Control unit 1 carton 1 cartonon top casing panel

on boiler block1 carton

Flue gas temperature limiter

– 1 carton – –

Flue gas fan 1 carton 1 carton 1 carton 1 carton

Technical documentation 1 plastic pocket on the boiler block (for the Logano S151 on the outside of the boiler casing carton)

83/1 Delivery of the Logano S151, S231 and S241/SX241 solid fuel boilers


9 Installation

9.2.2 Positioning combustion equipment

Combustion equipment must not be installed in the following areas

● Stairwells, except in houses that contain no more than two apartments

● Escape routes (hallways)

● Garages

Combustion equipment must be positioned far enough away from combustible components/building structures and built-in furniture that, at the rated output of the combustion equipment, temperatures in excess of 85 °C are safely prevented. Otherwise, maintain a minimum clearance of 40 cm.

Use fire-resistant material to protect floors made from combustible materials that are located in front of the hot apertures of combustion equipment for solid fuels. This material must extend forward by at least 50 cm and to the sides by at least 30 cm beyond the hot apertures.

Rooms with air extractors

Open flue combustion equipment must only be installed in rooms equipped with air extractors subject to the following conditions

● Simultaneous operation of the combustion equipment and the extractors must be prevented by safety equipment

● The flue gas routing must be monitored by appropriate safety equipment

● Flue gas is routed via the extractor system or it is ensured that such systems cannot create dangerous negative pressure

● When installing a solid fuel boiler together with an open flue floorstanding or wall mounted fan-assisted boiler, ensure an adequate supply of combustion air

Boiler rooms

Combustion equipment for solid fuels with a rated boiler output in excess of 50 kW must only be installed in boiler rooms. These boiler rooms must not be used for any other purpose and must not be immediately connected to occupied rooms.

For further boiler room requirements, see theMuFeuVO [Germany].

Flue system

Flue gases from combustion equipment for solid fuel must be extracted through a chimney. For further details ➔ Chapter 10.

Fuel storage in fuel storage rooms

Subject to the type of building or fire section, solid fuels may be stored in quantities up to 15,000 kg (except pellets, the maximum of which is 10,000 l) only in storage rooms for solid fuel that are not used for any other purpose.


Installation 9

9.3 Installed dimensions

Install the boiler with a minimum clearance from walls to ensure its function. In addition, we recommend leaving adequate space to carry out installation, maintenance and service.

The value in brackets represents the absolute minimum clearance.

85/1 Installed dimensions, Logano S151, S231 and S241/SX241 solid fuel boilers (dimensions in mm; dimensions in brackets are absolute minimum clearances)

Logano solid fuel boiler S151-15 S151-20 S151-25 S151-30 S151-35 S151-40 S231 S241/SX241

Length L mm 930 930 1120 1120 1120 1120 1885 1417

Width B mm 730 730 730 730 730 790 590 780

85/2 Installed dimensions of the Logano S151, S231 and S241/SX241 solid fuel boilers

100(0)

300 (100)

700(400)

2)

3)

2)

1)

1)

BL

L

1000(500)

500 (100)

700(400)

700 (300)

B

500 (419)

L

700(400)

1000(700)

B

1000(600) 1000

(500)

750(400)

500(100)

Logano S231Logano S151

1) Accessibility from the side is required, either from the right or left.2) Door handles may be fitted either on the right or left.

3) The fan can be turned by 90° (90° bend available as an accessory).A fan can also be fitted in another position; however, because of its function it should be installed as close to the boiler as possible. This may lead to a variable wall clearance.

Logano S241/SX241


9 Installation

9.4 Additional safety equipment

9.4.1 Draught stabiliser

Always install a draught limiter. Only by matching the chimney draught to the respective boiler and rated boiler output can favourable operating conditions, optimum fuel consumption and a high level of efficiency be achieved. For details of the required draught see the specification (➔ page 21).

Size the chimney in accordance with the output and required draught of the boiler as well as the structural conditions to DIN EN 13384 for solid fuel combustion.

The chimney draught reducers from our product range as stand-alone draught stabilisers to DIN 4795 reduce

excess draught in the chimney and create uniformly favourable operating conditions for the combustion equipment and chimney.

As an option, the chimney draught limiter can be installed in the boiler flue outlet or the chimney.

Because of the operating conditions (soot volume, temperature) in solid fuel systems, we definitely recommend installing a chimney draught limiter in the side of the chimney below the point where the flue gas enters the chimney.

86/1 Dimensions of the draught stabiliser ZUK150 (dimensions in mm)

max. 80

120

150

max. 130

max. 6045

120

250

170

NW a

Installation in the flue pipeInstallation in the chimney

a = 90 for ID 150 – 200a = 145 for ID 110 – 130


Installation 9

9.4.2 Thermally activated safety valve

Heat sources for solid fuels must be equipped with a thermally activated safety valve acting as high limit safety cut-out that is tested accordingly.

The thermally activated safety valve should preferably be connected at the cold water inlet of the safety heat exchanger. This way the valve is protected from contamination by limescale and similar effects inside the heat exchanger. The thermally activated safety valve is a de-pressurised single seat valve that opens with increasing temperature. A thermostat regulates the safety valve. The temperature sensor is fitted in the boiler. When an unacceptably high temperature (95 °C) is reached inside the boiler, the thermally activated safety valve enables the safety heat exchanger. The cold water throughput then prevents a substantial temperature increase in the boiler.

Key to diagramKW Cold water

9.4.3 Combustion controller

Heat sources for solid fuels must be equipped with a combustion controller acting as a boiler control thermostat that is tested accordingly.

This may not be set higher than 90 °C.

For the Logano S151 series, this function is ensured by the Logamatic 2114 control unit and the flue gas fan.

With the Logano S231 series, this function is provided by a servomotor regulated by the integral control unit.

The Logano S241/SX241 series uses two servomotors.

Control unit and servomotor are part of the standard delivery.

87/1 General arrangement of the thermally activated safety valve

KW


9 Installation

9.5 Additional accessories

9.5.1 Return temperature raising facility

When combining a solid fuel boiler with a buffer cylinder, cold return water from the buffer cylinder or system can flow into the solid fuel boiler over a longer operating period. This also applies to systems with a very high water content (> 15 l/kW). This inevitably leads to greater tar deposits and poorer operating results. Furthermore there is a risk of condensate forming and attacking the heating surfaces.

To prevent this problem, install a return temperature raising facility in these systems. For systems with the FM444 function module, a commercially available three-way mixer with electrically operated actuator (e.g. Logafix) can be used for this. For systems without a return temperature raising function, we recommend the quick-installation set for return temperature raising Oventrop Regumat RTA (up to approx. 30 kW), or the return temperature raising set with three-way mixer and controller without auxiliary energy (as individual components).

The three-way mixer has two inputs and one output. The medium is mixed subject to the position of the valve disc. With rising temperature at the sensor, the straight-through passage (A) is opened and the angled passage (B) is closed. The control range is 50 °C to 80 °C.

Three-way mixing valve versions

The actual pressure drop at the mixing facility can be calculated in accordance with the following formula:

Calculating sizes (➔ 88/3)Δp Pressure dropV Flow rate

Key to diagram (➔ 88/6)L LengthH HeightH1 Height mixer axisSW Spanner size

Mixer type kVS valve 1)

1) In m3/h at Δp = 1 bar

Zeta

DN25 6.5 21

DN40 9.5 52

88/1 Specification of three-way mixing valves for return temperature raising

Mixer type L H H1 SW

mm mm mm mm

DN25 90 91 50 46

DN40 115 106 64 66

88/2 Dimensions of three-way mixing valves for return temperature raising

88/3 Pressure drop formula

ΔptatsächlichV2

kVS( )2--------------=actual

88/4 General arrangement: Oventrop quick-installation setRegumat RTA

88/5 General arrangement: installation position of three-way mixing valve as part of the return temperature raising facility set

88/6 Dimensions of three-way mixing valves

A

B

AB

B

AAB

H1

L

H

SW


Installation 9

Specification of quick-installation set Oventrop Regumat RTA (up to approx. 30 kW

➔ Any work on the system must only be carried out by authorised contractors (heating contractor, installer) (➔ EN 5011, part 1 and VDE 1000, part 10).

Key to diagram (➔ 89/2)RH Heating circuit return/buffer cylinder returnRK Boiler returnVH Heating circuit flow/buffer cylinder flowVK Boiler flow

Key to diagram (➔ 89/3)Δp Pressure dropV Flow rate

Quick-installation set Oventrop Regumat RTA

Nominal size mm DN25

Max. pressure bar 10

Max. temperature °C 120

kVS value m3/h 3.9

Set opening temperature °C 65 (position 5. 4)

Shut-off valve opening pressure

mbar 20

Insulation height mm 365

Insulation width mm 250

Axis centres mm 125

89/1 Specification of quick-installation set Oventrop Regumat RTA

89/2 Fitting the quick-installation set Oventrop Regumat RTA; version with flow on the right (dimensions in mm)

105 125

G15

RH VH

250G15

322

365

RK VK

89/3 Pressure drop of quick-installation set Oventrop Regumat RTA

102 2 3 103987654 2 3 104987654

Δp [

mba

r]

V [m3/h]

103

2

3

104987654

2

3

105

987654

10

2

3

102

987654

2

3

103

987654

Δp [

Pa]


9 Installation

9.5.2 Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer

Anti-scalding protection

Take suitable measures to protect users against scalding if the maximum cylinder temperature is set above 60 °C. The following are possible

● Install one thermostatically controlled DHW mixer downstream of the DHW connection on the cylinder, or

● Limit the mixed water temperature on all draw-off points, e.g. with thermostatically controlled mixer taps or mono-lever mixer taps that enable the maximum draw-off temperature to be limited (in residential buildings, maximum temperatures of 45 °C to 60 °C are deemed appropriate)

Consider diagram 90/1 when sizing a system with a thermostatically controlled DHW mixer.

➔ The mixed water temperature can be adjusted in six steps of approx. 5 °C between 35 °C and 60 °C. Key to diagram (➔ 90/1)

Δp Pressure dropV Flow rate

Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer assembly with DHW circulation pump

The thermostatically controlled DHW mixer assembly is suitable for use in detached and two-family houses and for all DHW cylinders with an operating temperature up to 90 °C. It is designed to prevent scalding, particularly for solar DHW heating systems.

The DHW mixer assembly comprises a thermostatically controlled mixing valve for adjustable temperatures from 35 °C to 65 °C, a DHW circulation pump, two thermometers for the DHW outlet temperature and the cylinder temperature, plus non-return valves and shut-off facilities in one compact unit. The benefit of this unit is the quick and trouble-free installation of DHW mixers and DHW circulation.

Key to diagram (➔ 90/5)H Residual headV Flow ratea Stage 3b Stage 2c Stage 1

90/1 Pressure drop of the thermostatically controlled DHW mixer at 80 °C DHW temperature, 60 °C mixed water temperature and 10 °C cold water temperature

30

5

10

20

40 60 80100 200 400 600 800

V [

l/m

in]

Δp [mbar]

DHW mixer assembly

Max. operating pressure bar 10

Max. water temperature °C 90

Setting range °C 35–65

kVS value m3/h 1.6

90/2 Specification of DHW mixer assembly

DHW circulation pump

Power supply V 230

Frequency Hz 50

Power consumption at stage 1 W 27



90/3 Specification of DHW circulation pump

90/4 Dimensions of DHW mixer assembly with DHW circulation pump (dimensions in mm)

90/5 Residual head of the DHW circulation pump

86,573

300342,5 9358

343

383

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,0

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

2,0

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

a

b

c

H [

m]

V [l/min]


Installation 9

Function in conjunction with a DHW circulation line

The thermostatically controlled DHW mixer mixes the DHW from the cylinder with enough cold water to prevent the selected set value being exceeded. A bypass line between the DHW circulation inlet at the cylinder and the cold water inlet into the thermostatically controlled DHW mixer (➔ 91/1, Item 2) is required in conjunction with a DHW circulation line.

When no DHW is being drawn, but the cylinder temperature lies above the set value of the thermostatically controlled DHW mixer, then the DHW circulation pump routes some of the DHW circulation return directly via the bypass line to the now open cold water inlet of the DHW mixer. The hot water arriving from the cylinder is mixed with the colder water from the DHW circulation return. To prevent gravity circulation, install the thermostatically controlled DHW mixer below the DHW outlet of the cylinder. If this is not possible, provide a heat insulating loop or a non-return valve immediately at the DHW outlet (AW). This prevents DHW circulation losses in single pipes. Allow for non-return valves to prevent incorrect DHW circulation and any resulting cooling down and mixing of the cylinder content.

➔ DHW circulation results in standby losses. Therefore only use it in DHW networks with complex branches. Incorrect sizing of the DHW circulation line and DHW circulation pump can severely reduce the solar yield.

If DHW circulation is to be part of the system, DIN 1988 specifies that the content of the DHW line should be circulated three times per hour, whereby the temperature must not drop by more than 5 K. To achieve stratification of the temperatures inside the cylinder, the flow rate and any cycling of the DHW circulation pump must be matched to each other.

Key to diagram1 Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer assembly

with DHW circulation pump2 DHW circulation bypass line3 Non-return valveAW DHW outletEK Cold water inletEZ DHW circulation inletPZ DHW circulation pump with time switchR Solar thermal system returnV Solar thermal system flowWWM Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer

91/1 Example of a DHW circulation line with thermostatically controlled DHW mixer

Logalux P750 S(PL.../2S, STSK800, Duo FWS..)

V

EK

WWM

AW

AWEZ

3

1

2

R

3

PZ


9 Installation

9.5.3 Changeover facility for the hydraulic connection of the buffer cylinder

A three-way changeover facility is used to provide the hydraulic connection of a buffer cylinder in a dual-fuel boiler system (➔ Chapter 8).

The changeover facility may be a three-way mixer with an actuator or a three-way distribution valve with an actuator and spring return. It is regulated by a specific control unit (➔ Chapter 7) subject to the selected system hydraulics (➔ page 62 to 81). When a corresponding temperature is reached inside the buffer cylinder, the changeover facility changes towards the buffer cylinder, which will then receive a flow. The changeover facility switches over as soon as the relevant temperatures are no longer reached inside the

buffer cylinder, and the buffer cylinder no longer receives a flow.

The actual pressure drop at the mixing facility can be calculated with the following formula:

Calculating sizesΔp Pressure dropV Flow rate

Summary of configuration options

Three-way mixer versions

92/1 Pressure drop formula

ΔpactualV2

kVS( )2--------------=

Control unit Logamatic 2114 Logamatic 4000 + FM444

Logamatic 4000 + FM4431)

1) Only for serial operation (buffer bypass)

Logamatic SC401)

Logamatic SC101)

Three-way mixer with servomotor ● ● ●2)

2) Requires additional sensors (2 pce)

●2) –

Three-way distribution valve with servomotorand spring return

VS-SU VS-SU HTG set HTG setReturn limiter

(VS-SU + SC10)

92/2 Configuration options for the three-way mixer and three-way distribution valve as a changeover facility Key to symbols: ● applicable, – not applicable

Mixer type with female connection

Casing material

Connection Length kVS value Weight

mm/inch mm m3/h kg

VRG131 Brass DN20 /Rp 6 72 6.3 0.43

VRG131 Brass DN25/Rp1 82 6.3 0.7

VRG131 Brass DN32/Rp14 94 16 0.95

VRG131 Brass DN40 /Rp 15 116 25 1.75

VRG131 Brass DN50/Rp2 125 40 2.05

92/3 Specification of the three-way mixer as a changeover facility

92/4 Three-way mixer as changeover facility


Installation 9

Connection options for the three-way mixer as a changeover facility

Three-way valve version

Connection options for the three-way distribution valve as a changeover facility

9.5.4 Stoking and cleaning device

The Logano S151 series is supplied as standard with a stoking and cleaning set.

The Logano S231 and S241/SX241 series are supplied as standard with a cleaning brush. We offer the

"stoking and cleaning set" with appropriate tools for the thorough cleaning of the solid fuel boiler. The set comprises a poker, scraper, claw and hanger bracket.

9.5.5 Flue gas thermometer

We recommend installing of a flue gas thermometer to monitor the flue gas temperature. Because of the temperatures that can occur, the display range should show between 0 °C and 500 °C. When using the

Logamatic 2114 control unit and the FM444 function module, the flue gas temperature can be displayed on the user interface.

93/1 Connection options for the three-way mixer as a changeover facility subject to the existing system layout

Mixer type with female connection Casing material Connection kVS value Max. differential pressure

m3/h bar

V4044F1034 Brass 1" 8.1 0.55

93/2 Specification of the three-way distribution valve as a changeover facility

93/3 Connection options for the three-way distribution valve as a changeover facility

Buffer cylinder RK

RK

Buffercylinder

RK

Buffer

cylinder

Systemreturn

Systemreturn

Systemreturn

RK

Buffer

cylinder

Buffer cylinder

RK

Buffer cylinder RK

Buffer cylinder

RK

Buffercylinder

RK

Buffercylinder

RK

System return

RK/Buffer cylinder

System return

System return

Buffer cylinder

RK

Buffer cylinder

RK

Buffer cylinderRK

Buffer cylinderRKRK Return oil/gas boiler

Connect the rotational direction of the actuator motor in accordance with the installation position.

System return

RKBuffer cylinder A

AB

B

RK Return oil/gas boiler


10 Flue system

10 Flue system

10.1 General requirements

Standards, regulations and directives

The following are the applicable technical rules and regulations in connection with a flue system

● The relevant Building Regulations and Fire Regulations

● DIN EN 13384-1, 13384-2 and 13384-3 Calculation procedures for heat and flow

● DIN 4759 two heat sources connected to one chimney

● DIN V 18160-1 and 18160-5 flue systems

➔ For further information regarding flue systems, see the Buderus technical guide concerning heating system parameters for sizing flue systems.

10.2 Flue connection

10.2.1 Connecting a solid fuel boiler to a flue system for stand-alone operation

Flue connection to a chimney

Chimney requirements

● A conventional or moisture-resistant chimney is approved

● A draught stabiliser (chimney draught limiter) must be integrated into the chimney of the solid fuel boiler (further information ➔ page 86)

94/1 Flue connection and general pressure distribution for solid fuel boilers, using the Logano S151 in stand-alone operation as an example

for the connection

piece

for the heat source

for the draught

Pressure difference 0

Draught required

Atmospheric pressure

Overpressure

Underpressure

Point of entry with negative pressure in the

vertical part of the flue gas system

Point of entry withnecessary negative pressure

in the vertical part of the flue gas system

Draught stabiliser


Flue system 10

10.2.2 Flue connection for dual-fuel boiler combinations

Flue connection to two separate chimneys (ducts)

When connecting to two separate chimneys, observe the following conditions

● Conventional chimneys and moisture-resistant chimneys are approved

● Flue lines can also be provided for the oil/gas boiler

● A draught stabiliser (chimney draught limiter) must be integrated into the chimney of the solid fuel boiler (further information ➔ page 86)

● Each flue system can be sized perfectly in terms of flue gas volume, pressure conditions, draught requirements and temperature, since each boiler is connected to an individual chimney

● The output of the two different boilers can be freely selected

● If both boilers are operated with the same combustion air supply (installation in the same room) and should or can be operated simultaneously and in constant operation, the total sum of rated boiler outputs applies in accordance with the type plate data where the Fire Regulations of each state [in Germany] are concerned

Conclusion

This is the most sensible and therefore the preferred flue solution: chimney, combustion and output can be matched perfectly to each other.

95/1 Flue connection of a solid fuel boiler and oil/gas boiler each to its own chimney

Wood gasification boilerLogano S151

Oil/gas fired boilerLogano

Draught stabiliser


10 Flue system

Flue connection to a common chimney

When connecting to a common chimney, observe the following conditions

● DIN 4759-1 is based on heat source systems that require a chimney of at least 16 cm, and with wood combustion of 18 cm to operate correctly

● The total rated output never exceeds 100 kW

● If the boilers are connected individually to a common chimney, maintain a clearance between the connections. The boiler with the higher draught requirement (generally the solid fuel boiler, see diagram 96/1 and Tab. 99/1) is connected higher in the chimney

● According to the DIN mentioned above, for the dual-fuel boiler combinations type 5 is assumed (two separate heat sources) and the safety equipment specified for this

● In practical applications, dual-fuel boiler combinations are almost always required for alternative operation. According to the DIN, this means operating mode B. This refers to the simultaneous operation of the combustion facility for solid fuels in the burnout phase and the combustion of oil or gas with a pressure-jet burner (transitional operation).

● A flue gas temperature limiter integrated into the solid fuel boiler prevents the operation of the oil or gas combustion equipment, as long as the solid fuel boiler generates at least 25 % of its rated boiler output. The set value of the flue gas temperature limiter is set accordingly.

● The total rated output of the dual-fuel boiler combination for operating mode B is the rated boiler output of the oil or gas combustion plus the output of the solid fuel combustion in the burnout phase (apply 25 % of the rated boiler output). An alternative would be to determine the solid fuel boiler as approx. 80 % of the oil/gas boiler. Size the chimney accordingly if the minimum cross-section has to be exceeded. As an alternative, the solid fuel boiler can be selected in a smaller size

● According to DIN, a special gas boiler with atmospheric burner combined with a solid fuel boiler and only one chimney may only be operated with manual changeover. In addition, provide a shut-off damper in the flue that can be tightly sealed. This operation should be clarified [where appropriate] with the local flue gas inspector. A general approval cannot be assured.

● Gas condensing boilers combined with solid fuel boilers cannot generally be connected to the same chimney, as they have different requirements

➔ The connection to a common chimney must always be agreed with the local flue gas inspector prior to system installation.

96/1 Flue connection of a solid fuel boiler and oil/gas boiler to a common chimney

Oil/gas fired boilerLogano

Wood gasification boilerLogano S151

Draught stabiliser


Flue system 10

Charge door safety interlock switch

Ideally, the the charge door can be equipped with a safety interlock switch (on site).

When operating the solid fuel boiler without a charge door interlock switch, the following conditions must be met:

● The installation room is used exclusively as a room in accordance with paragraph 5 MuFeuVO [Germany]; in other words only as an installation room for the combustion equipment, and features self-closing doors that seal tightly,

or

● The room is ventilated like boiler rooms (paragraph 6 MuFeuVO); in other words it has at least two apertures to the outside (one upper and one lower aperture) each of 150 cm2. These apertures may both be closed if the combustion air supply for the solid fuel boiler is assured by other means– If the combustion air for the solid fuel boiler is

routed via one of these apertures, that apertures must not be able to be closed

– Both apertures must be open when the fan-assisted gas or oil boiler operates

These requirements also clarify that the room concerned must not be used as a living space.

10.2.3 Safety wiring when connecting to a common flue system

97/1 Connection of the Logamatic 2114 control unit

A solid fuel boiler

FAG

EV32

MC10

Control unit EMS

1

ATW

FAG2 1

+

Logamatic 2114

1)ATW

LNLN

Netz Module Netz Module

4 6

EV

UM10

4 5 6 7

C

NC NO

0

751 2 3

In case of connection, remove jumper

Flue gas temperature limter toDIN 3440 or EN 12597


[

[ [[0[0

0

°CBOILER85.0

ATW21

KB2 31

EV21


SI17 18

Oil/gas fired fan-assisted boiler1) Max. breaking capacity of the switching contact of the ATW: 230 V / 16 (4) A


10 Flue system

98/1 Connection of the Logamatic 2114 and Logamatic 2107 control units

98/2 Connection of the Logamatic 2114 and Logamatic 4211, 4321/4322 control units

FAG

Logamatic 2107

ATW

FAG2 1

+

Logamatic 2114

1)ATW

C

NC NO

[

[ [[0[0

0

°CBOILER85.0

ATW21

KB2 31

SI17 18

SI181917

FK1 2

2)

Oil/gas fired fan-assisted boiler

A solid fuel boiler




1) Max. breaking capacity of the switching contact of the ATW: 230 V / 16 (4) A2) Connection in parallel to the FK of the fan-assisted oil/gas boiler

Oil/gas fired fan-assisted boiler

A solid fuel boiler

FAG

Logamatic 4211, 4321/4322

ATW

FAG2 1

+

Logamatic 2114

1)ATW

C

NC NO




[

[ [[0[0

0

°CBOILER85.0

ATW21

KB2 31

SI17 18

SI181917

FK1 2

2)

1) Max. breaking capacity of the switching contact of the ATW: 230 V / 16 (4) A2) Connection in parallel to the FK of the fan-assisted oil/gas boiler


Flue system 10

10.3 Flue gas parameters

As a basis for calculation and for sizing the flue system, apply the details in Tab. 99/1. The requirements for the flue system and flue gas routing can be derived from

the results of the calculations and should be discussed with the local flue gas inspector [where appropriate] prior to constructing the heating system.

Solid fuel boilerLogano

Fuel Output Combustionoutput

Flue outlet

Requireddraught

Flue gas temperature

CO2 content

Flue gas mass flow

rate

kW kW mm Pa °C % kg/s

S151 Beech

14.9 17.6

150

15 160–190 9.5 0.014

20 23.5 15

170–220

11.9 0.015

25 29.4 17 12.9 0.018

30 35.3 20 13.0 0.021

35 41.2 20 11.2 0.028

40 47.1 25 12.0 0.031

S231 Beech

33 40.1

180

19 230 13.3 0.024

37 45.0 21 240 13.6 0.026

42 51.3 23 252 13.9 0.029

47 57.1 25 264 14.3 0.033

52 63.2 27 276 14.6 0.035

S241 Beech

23 25.2

180

7 160 13.1 0.0153

27 29.8 9 170 14.0 0.017

30 33.2 10 180 14.7 0.0183

SX241 Beech

23 25.2

180

7 160 13.1 0.0153

27 29.8 9 170 14.0 0.017

30 33.2 10 180 14.7 0.0183

99/1 Parameters for calculating the chimney


11 Annex

11 Annex

Index

BBImSchV – small combustion equipment . . . . . . . . .26

Boiler efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Boiler selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

Boiler water temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Buffer cylinderConnecting the buffer cylinder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36Use of several buffer cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Buffer cylinder Logalux PL..Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Buffer cylinder Logalux PR..Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Buffer cylindersBuffer cylinder primary pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36Standard values for buffer cylinder sizes . . . . . . . . . . . .33

CCombination with buffer cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Combustion air and boiler water temperature . . . . .12

Combustion chamber for wood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Combustion phases of wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Control unitBase control unit for the Logano S241 . . . . . . . . . . . . .50Ixtronic control unit for Logano SX241 . . . . . . . . . . . .50Logamatic 2114 control unit for Logano S151 . . . . . . .48SX control units for Logano S231. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49UM10 changeover module for combination with an EMS boiler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52WG ECO 004 changeover control unit . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

DDHW circulation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Draught stabiliser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

Drying of firewood (split logs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Duo FWS.../2 combi cylinderDHW circulation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

EEmission values. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

FFuel throughput . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

LLogalux P750 S combi cylinderDHW circulation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Logalux PL.../S2 combi cylinderDHW circulation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Logalux STSK800 combi cylinderDHW circulation line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Logano S151 wood gasification boiler . . . . . . . . . . . 15Delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Equipment level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Function description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Installed dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Logano S231 special wood boiler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Equipment level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Function description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Installed dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Logano S241/SX241 special wood boiler . . . . . . . . . 19Delivery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Equipment level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Function description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Installed dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85Logano S241 dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . . 23Logano SX241 dimensions and specification . . . . . . . . 24

PPreparation of logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Pressure drop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Pressure drop on the water side . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

SSafety equipment to DIN EN 12828 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Splitting logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

TThermally activated safety valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Thermally regulated combustion controller . . . . . . . 87

Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer . . . . . . 90–91

Thermostatically controlled DHW mixer assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90–91


Annex 11

WWoodCalorific value of different types of wood . . . . . . . . . . . .7Moisture content of wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Preparation of logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Splitting logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Units of measurement for wood. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Why heat with wood? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Wood as fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Wood compared with other solid fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7


Bosch Thermotechnik GmbHSophienstrasse 30-32D-35573 Wetzlarwww.buderus.com

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