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Planning Policy StatementPlanning and Climate Change
Peter EllisPlanning DirectorateCommunities and Local Government
Planning and climate change….
“A new wave of local renewable energy supply and community power schemes get Government backing today….
…planners must now promote green growth. Changes to the planning system will mean all councils will be expected to provide for on-site renewable energy and local community energy schemes to help cut carbon emissions from new developments.”
Yvette Cooper
Minister for Housing and Planning 17 December 2007
Content……
tackling climate change
Planning and Climate Change
- what we want from planning
- what we want on decentralised energy
next steps
tackling climate change
Planning and Climate Change
- what we want from planning
- what we want on decentralised energy
next steps
The reality of climate change….
Stern warns that climate change is far worse than 2006 estimate……
“We badly underestimated the degree of damages and the risks of climate change," said Lord Stern in a speech in London yesterday. "All of the links in the chain are on average worse than we thought a couple of years ago.”
Independent
Thursday, 17 April 2008
Stern warns that climate change is far worse than 2006 estimate……
“We badly underestimated the degree of damages and the risks of climate change," said Lord Stern in a speech in London yesterday. "All of the links in the chain are on average worse than we thought a couple of years ago.”
Independent
Thursday, 17 April 2008
The reality of climate change….
… for the UK:
warmer temperatures
wetter winters and drier summers
higher sea levels, leading to the flooding of coastal areas and floodplains
extremes of weather such as heavy rain, heatwaves and gales
… for the UK:
warmer temperatures
wetter winters and drier summers
higher sea levels, leading to the flooding of coastal areas and floodplains
extremes of weather such as heavy rain, heatwaves and gales
Tackling climate change….
“Climate change represents a potentially catastrophic threat, but it is within our control to address it - and address it we must.”
Rt. Hon. Tony Blair MP
Securing the Future The UK Government Sustainable Development Strategy 2005
“Our mission is, in truth, historic and world changing - to build, over the next fifty years and beyond, a global low carbon economy. And it is not overdramatic to say that the character and course of the coming century will be set by how we measure up to this challenge.”
Rt. Hon. Gordon Brown MP
Speech at the Foreign Press Association in London19 November 2007
“Climate change represents a potentially catastrophic threat, but it is within our control to address it - and address it we must.”
Rt. Hon. Tony Blair MP
Securing the Future The UK Government Sustainable Development Strategy 2005
“Our mission is, in truth, historic and world changing - to build, over the next fifty years and beyond, a global low carbon economy. And it is not overdramatic to say that the character and course of the coming century will be set by how we measure up to this challenge.”
Rt. Hon. Gordon Brown MP
Speech at the Foreign Press Association in London19 November 2007
showing leadership, taking action…
avoid lock-in to a high carbon economy
show is possible to cut
emissions without
unacceptable economic pain
energy efficiency
measures to save money
across the economy
diversify energy sources, help deliver energy security
Tackling climate change….
Tackling climate change….
EU renewables targets
EU emissions targets
20% of energy from renewable sources by 2020
(UK expected to deliver c. 15%)
20% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2020
30% reduction if there is international agreement
Kyoto Protocol agreement by all Annex 1 (developed) countries
Agreement to cut GHG emissions by 5% by 2008-12 on 1990 levels
UK share of this is 12.5% reduction
UK expected to meet its target
Targets and budgets
Enabling Powers
Committee on Climate Change
Reporting
• Long and medium term targets: CO2 emission reductions of 26-
32% by 2020 and 60% [80%?] by 2050. Five-year carbon
budgets to set out trajectory
• 2020 and 2050 CO2 reduction targets enshrined in law
• Independent body to advise Government on its carbon budgets
and where least cost savings could be made
• Introduce emissions trading schemes more quickly and easily
Tackling climate change….
• Committee on Climate Change to report annually to Parliament
on UK’s progress towards targets in relation to carbon budgets
• Government to report at least every 5 years on adaptation
Renewables Obligation
EU Emissions Trading Scheme
Carbon Reduction Commitment
Carbon Emissions Reduction Target
Local Authority Performance Management Frameworks
Climate Change Levy
Climate Change Agreements
Enhanced Capital Allowances
VAT reduction
Environmental Transformation Fund
Planning White Paper, Planning Bill
Climate Change Duty
Biomass and Waste Strategies
Climate Change Planning Policy
Climate Change Bill
Ecotowns
Energy Bill
Environmental Technologies Institute
Tackling climate change….
Zero Carbon New Buildings:Homes by 2016
Non-Residential by 2019
Permitted Development
Rights
MicrogenerationStrategy
CHP Strategy
Planning and climate change….
“an attractive environment for innovation and for the private sector to bring forward investment, including in renewable and low-carbon technologies and supporting infrastructure”
“an attractive environment for innovation and for the private sector to bring forward investment, including in renewable and low-carbon technologies and supporting infrastructure”
What we want from planning….
Planning and climate change….
“new development, its spatial distribution, location and design planned to limit carbon dioxide emissions”
“new development, its spatial distribution, location and design planned to limit carbon dioxide emissions”
What we want from planning….
Planning and climate change….
“new development planned to make good use of opportunities for decentralised and renewable or low carbon energy”
“new development planned to make good use of opportunities for decentralised and renewable or low carbon energy”
What we want from planning….
From Greenpeace
Planning and climate change….
“urban growth and sustainable rural developments that help secure the fullest possible use of sustainable transport for moving freight, public transport, cycling and walking; and, which overall, reduce the need to travel, especially by car”
“urban growth and sustainable rural developments that help secure the fullest possible use of sustainable transport for moving freight, public transport, cycling and walking; and, which overall, reduce the need to travel, especially by car”
What we want from planning….
Planning and climate change….
“new development to be planned to minimise future vulnerability in a changing climate”
“new development to be planned to minimise future vulnerability in a changing climate”
What we want from planning….
Planning for local energy….
Decision-Making Principle:
“new development should be planned to make good use of opportunities for decentralised and renewable or low-carbon energy”
Decentralised energy supply - energy supply from local renewable and local low-carbon sources (ie on-site and near-site, but not remote off-site) usually on a relatively small scale. Broad term used to denote a diverse range of technologies, including micro-renewables, which can locally serve an individual building, development or wider community and includes heating and cooling energy.
Decision-Making Principle:
“new development should be planned to make good use of opportunities for decentralised and renewable or low-carbon energy”
Decentralised energy supply - energy supply from local renewable and local low-carbon sources (ie on-site and near-site, but not remote off-site) usually on a relatively small scale. Broad term used to denote a diverse range of technologies, including micro-renewables, which can locally serve an individual building, development or wider community and includes heating and cooling energy.
Planning to support delivery of timetable for cutting carbon emissions from new buildings:
new homes to be zero carbon by 2016
ambition for all new public buildings to be zero carbon by 2018
ambition for all new non-domestic to be zero carbon by 2019
Planning to support delivery of timetable for cutting carbon emissions from new buildings:
new homes to be zero carbon by 2016
ambition for all new public buildings to be zero carbon by 2018
ambition for all new non-domestic to be zero carbon by 2019
Planning for local energy….
What’s expected of regional planners :
regional strategies tested on their carbon performance
framework for sub-regional and local planning to focus substantial new development on locations…..”where energy can be gained from decentralised energy supply systems or where there is clear potential for this to be realised”
What’s expected of regional planners :
regional strategies tested on their carbon performance
framework for sub-regional and local planning to focus substantial new development on locations…..”where energy can be gained from decentralised energy supply systems or where there is clear potential for this to be realised”
Planning for local energy….
What’s expected of local councils:
evidence-based understanding of local feasibility and potential of decentralised energy to supply new development in their area
in allocating land for development take into account extent to which existing or planned opportunities for decentralised energy could contribute to the energy supply of development
What’s expected of local councils:
evidence-based understanding of local feasibility and potential of decentralised energy to supply new development in their area
in allocating land for development take into account extent to which existing or planned opportunities for decentralised energy could contribute to the energy supply of development
Planning for local energy….
What’s expected of local councils:
‘Merton-style’ targets ie percentage of energy to be used in new development to come from decentralised energy; but avoid prescription on technologies and be flexible
development area or site-specific targets where the potential is bigger than area wide target; and in doing so:
- look to opportunities for utilizing decentralised systems and to new opportunities to supply proposed and existing development (including co-locating potential heat customers and heat suppliers)
- can set specific requirements to facilitate connection where fair and reasonable
What’s expected of local councils:
‘Merton-style’ targets ie percentage of energy to be used in new development to come from decentralised energy; but avoid prescription on technologies and be flexible
development area or site-specific targets where the potential is bigger than area wide target; and in doing so:
- look to opportunities for utilizing decentralised systems and to new opportunities to supply proposed and existing development (including co-locating potential heat customers and heat suppliers)
- can set specific requirements to facilitate connection where fair and reasonable
Planning for local energy….
What’s expected of developers in designing new development:
“comply with adopted policies on local requirements for decentralised energy supply and for sustainable buildings”
- unless it can be demonstrated having regard to type of development involved and its design, that not feasible or viable
“take account of landform, layout, building orientation, massing and landscaping to minimise energy consumption, including maximising cooling and avoiding solar gain in the summer and overall…”
“….be planned so as to minimise carbon dioxide emissions through giving careful consideration to how all aspects of development form, together with the proposed density and mix of development, support opportunities for decentralised and renewable or low-carbon energy supply”
What’s expected of developers in designing new development:
“comply with adopted policies on local requirements for decentralised energy supply and for sustainable buildings”
- unless it can be demonstrated having regard to type of development involved and its design, that not feasible or viable
“take account of landform, layout, building orientation, massing and landscaping to minimise energy consumption, including maximising cooling and avoiding solar gain in the summer and overall…”
“….be planned so as to minimise carbon dioxide emissions through giving careful consideration to how all aspects of development form, together with the proposed density and mix of development, support opportunities for decentralised and renewable or low-carbon energy supply”
Planning for local energy….
Safeguarding environmental performance:
when determining planning applications, planning authorities should consider likely impact of proposed development on:
– existing, or other proposed, development, and its renewable or low-carbon energy supply;
– existing, or proposed, sources of renewable or low-carbon energy supply
where proposed development would prejudice renewable or low-carbon energy supplies, consideration should be given to how proposal could be amended to make it acceptable or, where not practicable, to whether planning permission should be refused
Safeguarding environmental performance:
when determining planning applications, planning authorities should consider likely impact of proposed development on:
– existing, or other proposed, development, and its renewable or low-carbon energy supply;
– existing, or proposed, sources of renewable or low-carbon energy supply
where proposed development would prejudice renewable or low-carbon energy supplies, consideration should be given to how proposal could be amended to make it acceptable or, where not practicable, to whether planning permission should be refused