Basic Parts of the PlantBasic Parts of the PlantRootsStemsLeavesFlower

LeavesLeaves1. Make food through

photosynthesis2. Provide site of gas exchange3. Store food

RootsRoots1. Anchor Plant2. Absorb water and minerals3. Translocate water and

minerals to stem4. Store Food

2 main types of Roots2 main types of Roots

Different type of RootsDifferent type of RootsA. Tap Root

◦Continuation of the primary root◦Ideal for anchorage◦Penetration is greater for water◦Storage area for food made by

photosynthesis

Different type of RootsDifferent type of RootsB. Fibrous Roots

◦Many finely branched secondary roots

◦Shallow roots cover a large areaMore effective absorption of water and minerals

Roots hold the soil to prevent erosion

RootsRootsRoot hairs:

◦Tiny one celled hair like extensions of the epidermal cells located near the tips of the roots where vascular tissues have formed.

◦Increase surface area

◦Absorb water and minerals from soil

StemsStems1. Translocate water, minerals

and food to the leaves2. Support the leaves and

display them to light3. Store Food

Specialized StemsSpecialized StemsB. Bulb (tulips, lillies, onions)

◦Layers of fleshy scales that overlap each other

◦Underground stem

Specialized StemsSpecialized StemsC. Tuber (potato, caladium)

◦Food storage area◦Short, thick underground stem

FlowersFlowers1. Contain organs for

specialized sexual production2. Produce seeds and fruit

Parts of the FlowerParts of the FlowerSepals

◦Outer covering of the flower bud

◦Protects the stamens and pistils when flower is in bud stage

Parts of the FlowerParts of the FlowerPetals

◦Brightly colored◦Protects stamen and pistils◦Attracts pollinating insects

Parts of the FlowerParts of the FlowerStamens

◦Male Reproductive part

◦Anther-produces pollen

◦Filament-supports the anther

Parts of the FlowerParts of the FlowerPistil

◦Female reproductive part

◦Ovary Enlarged portion at base of pistil

Produces ovules which develop into seeds

◦Stigma Holds the pollen grains

Parts of the FlowerParts of the FlowerStyle

◦Connects the stigma with ovary

◦Supports the stigma so that it can be pollinated

Complete and Incomplete Complete and Incomplete FlowersFlowersComplete: have all four main

parts◦Sepals◦Petals◦Stamens◦Pistils