Submitted by:-

Nitin Goyal

Roll no.-1410991386

CSE-F-01

• Plastics

• Types of plastics

• Why design plastics

• Additives

• Plastics waste facts

• Co processing

• Plastic Roads

• Plastic clothes

• Disadvantages

• Conclusion

TYPES OF PLASTICSThere are two main types of plastics:

Thermoplastics and Thermosetting polymers.

THERMOPLASTICS can repeatedly softened melt

if enough heat is applied & hardened on cooling

so that they can be made into new plastics

products. E.g.- polyethylene, polystyrene & PVC

.

THERMOSETTING can melt & take shape only

once.

They are not suitable for repeated heat treatments

after they have solidified, they stay solid. E.g.-

phenol formaldehyde & urea formaldehyde

WHY DESIGN WITH PLASTICS?1. Corrosion resistance

2. Low electrical and thermal

conductivity

3. Easily formed into complex shapes,

can be formed, casted and joined

4. Wide choice of appearance, colors and

transparencies

ADDITIVES IN PLASTIC

1. Plasticizers

2. Carbon black(soot)

3. Colorants

4. Lubricants

5. Flame retardants

Additives are added to polymers

in order to obtain or improve

certain properties such as

strength, stiffness, color,

resistance to weather and

flammability.

PLASTIC WASTE FACTS• India generates 5.6 million metric

tons of plastic waste annually, with

Delhi generating the most of at

municipality at 689.5 metric tons

every day, according to a report

from the Central Pollution Control

Board (CPCB).

• Every year Americans through

away about 100 billion plastic bags.

CO-PROCESSING OF PLASTICSPrimary collection

and

Segregation

Secondary segregation of

waste to separate

recyclable part

Treatment & material /energy

recovery

Final disposal

Finally product is

transported to different

industries for further

processing

PLASTIC TECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS

• Plastic roads

• Plastic clothes

• Cement kiln(links)

• Alternative fuel

and raw

material(AFR)

PLASTIC ROADSThe process of road laying using

waste plastics is designed and the

technique is being implemented

successfully for the construction of

flexible roads at various places in

India

MERITS OF POLYMER BLENDED

BITUMEN ROADSStripping and pothole

formation: When

polymer is coated over

aggregate, the coating

reduces its affinity for

water due to non-

wetting nature of the

polymer and this resists

the penetration of

water. Leaching: Polymer will not leach out of the bitumen layer, even

after laying the road using waste plastics-bitumen-aggregate

mix.

Effect of fly ash: It is also observed that the fly ash does not

leach from this mixture.

PLASTIC CLOTHESPlastic bottles and food trays are

collected from municipal sites,

cleaned, sorted, crushed into

flakes and made into a polyester

fibre. This is blended with cotton

fibre, which is finally woven with

traditional cotton yarn to create

the denim. The look and feel

seems no different to traditional

denim, apart from the colour of

the inside.

DISADVANTAGES OF PLASTIC

1. Low strength

2. Less dimensional stability over period of

time (creep effect)

3. Aging effect, hardens and become brittle

over time

4. Sensitive to environment, moisture and

chemicals

5. Poor machinability

CONCLUSIONThough plastic is a great threat to the

society yet it can be b beneficial if used

in a wise way. i.e. by using proper

manufacturing techniques, usage

regulations and disposal/ recycling

methods.

Plastics have a wide range of

application. All we need is advancement

in our techniques.