Mountain building and Volcanoes

PLATE TECTONICS

A major force shaping the land is uplift

Moving plates uplift land, forming mountains

Three types of mountains are:Folded mountainsFault-block mountainsVolcanic Mountains.Each forms by a different type of plate movement.

MOUNTAIN BUILDING

Formed when plates collide resulting in a formation of a fold or bulge, which becomes a mountain range.

Try thisPlace a sheet of paper flat on your desk. Place a hand on one edge of the paper. Push your other hand against the free edge of the paper. What happens?

Folded mountains

Examples of folded mountains IncludeThe Rocky Mountains of North America

The Andes of South AmericaThe Alps of Central EuropeThe Himalayas of Asia

FOLDED MOUNTAINS

HIMALAYAS

Formed when blocks of Earth’s crust on either side of a fault are dropped below or pushed above the surrounding land

This happens where sections of crust are pulling apart or together

Fault-block mountains

Examples of Fault-block mountains include:The Sierra Nevadas of California

Wasatch Range of UtahTeton Range of Wyoming

FAULT-BLOCK MOUNTAINS

SIERRA NEVADAS

Formed when material from inside Earth reaches the surface

They are most common at plates boundaries (convergent and divergent)

They are classified into three types based on how they formCinder cone volcanoesShield volcanoesComposite volcanoes (Stratovolcanoes)

VOLCANIC MOUNTAINS

(VOLCANOES)

Cone-shaped moundFormed from cinders, ash, dust

Sudden, violent eruptionExamples:Mount Paracutin, Mexico, Isalco, and El Salvador

Cinder cone volcanoes

CINDER CONE VOLCANOES

CINDER CONE VOLCANO ERUPTION

Low, gently-sloped sidesFormed from layers of cooled lava

Slow, gentle eruptionExamples:Mauna Loa, and Kea

Shield volcanoes

SHIELD VOLCANO (ERTA ALE)

ERTA ALE ERUPTION

Cone-shaped mound, steep sides

Formed from alternating layers of ash and lava

Both violent and gentle eruptions

Examples:Mount St Helens, Egmont, and New Zealand

STRATOVOLCANOES

STRATOVOLCANO

STRATOVOLCANO ERUPTION

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7OTVUY_PdQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WgktM2luLokhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwBVG0Si7rshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRH1PAJGlvohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xP2dreOI8gI

RESOURCES