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PLATE TECTONICSBy: Karl Quilligan
Map of U.S.A
SECTION 1HISTORY OF PANGEA:
-Pangaea or “all Earth” existed until about 300 million years ago during Carboniferous period-Scientist & geologist Alfred Wegener developed idea of Pangaea, he was ridiculed for his theory because they didn’t have much proof about Pangaea-Wegener was a meteorologist as well as a geophysicist and won many awards in both backgrounds-Arthur Holmes helped prove Wegener’s theory
Alfred Wegener
Pangaea
SECTION 2Convergent Boundaries:
-an edge of a lithospheric plate tectonic, usually at the edge of a continent-Hazards of convergent boundaries are avalanches, mudslides, landslides, earthquakes, trenches, and volcanoes-The Rockies in North America lie on the North American and Juan de Fuca Plate
HAZARDS OF CONVERGENT BOUNDARIESLandslide – falling/sliding of a mass of soil or rock down a steep slope
Mudslide – downward movement of wet/saturated Earth
Volcanoes – vent in Earth’s crust through which lava, ash, and steam are expelled
Hazards of Convergent Boundaries (cont.)
Earthquakes – series of vibrations that cause the Earth’s crust to move and or crack
Mountains – natural elevation abruptly rising to a summit, larger than a hill
Trenches (in black) – long steep-sided depression in the ocean floor
Avalanche – mass of snow and ice sliding down a mountain
EARTH’S TECTONIC PLATES AND MOVEMENTS
Boundary – where a plate ends or changes to another plate e.g. - end of North American plate – start of Atlantic plate
Section 3Divergent Boundaries – locations where plates
are moving away from each other, occurs above rising convection currents-Hazards include volcanic “leaks.” A volcanic leak is when lava runs down hills; it doesn’t erupt, it just leaks. You also have to be careful of rifts and rift valleys; they form from two faults pulling apart-Iceland is splitting right down the middle; it lies along the Mid-Atlantic Range, a divergent boundary
Rift Valleys
Section 4Transform boundary - Transform Boundaries are locations where two plates slide past one another. The fracture zone that forms a transform plate boundary is known as a transform fault. Most transform faults are found in the ocean basins
-Hazards are mainly earthquakes, mudslides, landslides, and avalanches (depending on climate)
-A well-known transform fault/boundary is the San-Andreas fault on the west coast of the U.S; it lies on the North American plate
Section 5We live on the North American plate. All of the U.S
(except Hawaii) is located on this plateThe Cocos, Pacific, Eurasian, Caribbean, and African
plates border the North American plateIn Ohio, we are nowhere near the edge of a plate,
therefore, we don’t have to worry about any rifts, avalanches, earthquakes, or volcanic activity. However, in places like California where they have a fault, earthquakes can be a major problem.
In the near future, I don’t think any major disasters will happen, (unless you believe in the 2012 apocalypse)
WORKS CITEDhttp://wiki.answers.com/Q/List_an_example_of_a_Converge
nt_Boundary_and_the_continental_plates_involved_in_that_boundary
http://media.maps.com/magellan/Images/tectonic.gif http://geology.com/nsta/divergent-plate-boundaries.shtml http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/rift+valley http://geology.com/nsta/transform-plate-boundaries.shtml
http://nagelbeelmanscience.wikispaces.com/