Plate Tectonics Review

http://www.mymapman.com/images/Plate%20Tectonics-Wenschow800p.jpg

This layer of the earth floats on a lower fluid layer.

The Lithosophere

* Transform Boundary* Divergent Boundary

* Convergent Boundary

Name the three kinds of Plate Boundaries

What are the three types of seismic waves?

1) Primary Waves (P waves)2) Secondary Waves (S waves)

3) Surface Waves

Define Radiation And give an example

Radiation is the transfer of heat through EMPTY SPACE.

What should you do if you are outside when an earthquake

occurs?

Move to open areaStay away from trees/ buildings

Stay away from power linesSit down

What are 3 pieces of evidence of Continental Drift?

1. Continents fit together like a puzzle.

2. Dinosaur fossils in S. America and Africa.

3. Tropical plant fossils in the Arctic

Explain a Transform Boundary

A transform boundary is when plates slip past each

other in opposite directions

http://www.visionlearning.com/library/modules/mid66/Image/VLObject-3571-060216020229.jpg

If it took 50 sec. for the S wave to arrive, how far away is the epicenter?

About 490 km awayhttp://www.visionlearning.com/library/modules/mid66/Image/VLObject-3571-060216020229.jpg

Explain a Divergent BoundaryA divergent boundary is when plates move away from each

other

http://www.indiana.edu/~geol116/week7/week7.htm

Describe an Earthquake.

An earthquake is a violent shaking of the Earth's crust,

due to movement of rock beneath the Earth's surface.

Stress that pushes rock in two opposite, horizontal directions

Describe Shearing Stress

http://www.msnucleus.org/membership/html/k-6/pt/plate/5/images/transform.gif

What are two things that you can do to your house to make it

“earthquake safe?”

Bolt shelves to wall.Remove hanging items from

wall above bedBolt house to foundationSecure chimney to house

Explain Convection Currentsand give an example

Convection Currents is the movement of heat through a

fluid (liquids or gases).

Describe Compressional Stress

Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks. This occurs when plates collide with each

other.

http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learning/glossary.php?term=compressional%20stress

How fast are the continents moving?

a. 5 feet per yearb. 1 foot per year

c. 2-3 cm year

The continents move about 2.5 cm per year

Mountains form from Compressional stresses

(folding)

and from Faults (uplifting a block of rock

between two normal faults)

What are the two ways that mountains are formed?

Seismograph

What is used to record the ground's movement during an

earthquake?

What is an example of a destructive force that shapes the

earth?

Earthquakes, weathering, erosion, flooding, glacier

movement

Describe Tensional Stress

A force that pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it

becomes thinner in the middle.

http://www.eoearth.org/upload/thumb/4/4e/Syncline_fold_diagram.gif/250px-Syncline_fold_diagram.gif

Separate sections of the lithosphere are called...?

Plates

Define Conduction and give and example

Conduction is the transfer of heat by DIRECT CONTACT.

Draw a picture of seafloor spreading

Label #1, 2, 3, 4

1.

2.

4.

3.

Which two scales measure the strength of an earthquake?

And, which scale is most accurate?The Richter Scale and the

Moment Magnitude Scale are used to measure earthquakes.The Moment Magnitude Scale

is more accurate.

Explain a Convergent BoundaryA convergent boundary is when

plates move towards each other

http://stloe.most.go.th/html/lo_index/LOcanada4/403/html/3_en.htm

What is the difference between the focus and the epicenter of

an earthquake?

The focus is deep in the Earth where the earthquake

originates. The epicenter is the location on the surface of the earth, directly above the focus

What should you do if you are inside when an earthquake occurs?

Get under a sturdy object like a table.

Sit against an inside wall and protect neck and head

Describe Faults

Breaks in the Earth's crust where rocks have slipped

past each other

What type of rock makes up the oceanic crust?

Basalt

What drives the plate movement? How is the lithosphere able to float

around?

Convection Currents in the Asthenosphere move the plate

above

Draw a picture of subduction

What type of rock makes up the continental crust?

Granite

What is the difference between the inner core and the outer core of

the Earth?

The inner core is solid nickel & iron

The outer core is liquid nickel & iron

What is a Tsunami?

A Tsunami is a large wave formed by an earthquake in the ocean floor. Wave grows once it reaches the shallow shore. Can

be 10 stories high

Label #1, 2,

1.

2.

Lithosphere

Asthenosphere