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XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q,F\@B_238 Egrtl Rlfrao`e @vfeufN`etfb`, B`iacgrea` 16223 Tn`aiaek ̀ oorfss geiy^rt`bgs`kr`yMyn`ai.bgn
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B`sf Eg.:
Oasputf gc [grd `eo wgrd Lastgry, `isg gcc`atl `eo c`atl lastgry, `eo n`jgr iacf lastgry:_lfRiffpaekHf`uty ̀ eo pi`bf igb`tage Fxpfrt,_lf Veavfrs`i Gef & _ruf kgo, ]ut Ogwe gc]rftfre`tur`is ae Xfk`ros tg [grd
Ngeft`ry Xfstat: $ 6= naiiage @brgssBguetrafs [griowaof
]i`aetacc XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX suhnats tlas Ngtage ae Bgnpi`aet
`eo Ofcfesf gc [grd tl`t as hgtl Ny Iacf [grd T]rgcfssage: ]i`bf Igb`tage Fxpfrt gc Nassaek ]frsges,
Branfs TLfaegus^, `eo Branae`is TR`t`eab Branfs `eo R`t`eab Branf Xaeks^, `s wfii `s Ofcfesf gc tlf
[grd gc Ny C`atl `eo C`atl Rtrubturf, _lf @R_@XA_FC@A_L, ` Efw C`atl ge F`rtl, _`x AO# ?3-?230;?2
wlabl A l`vf huait ae Ny Gwe Crff [aii, gc Ny Gwe Aebfptages, aetfiifbt [grd `eo Ny Gwe _wg L`eos
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crgn tlf Sfry Hartl gc Ny Ofbasages, wlabl wfrf _ruf `eo offpiy bgesaofrfo, `s [fii @s Annaefet
Ofcfesf gc Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, `s
A,XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_ `n
tlf HFAEK F\@B_, `eo [asl tg Ofcfeo `eo ]rgvf tlf Assuf ae V.R. Bgurt. A `sd cgr Fecgrbfnfet gc
Juoknfet upge Ny [grd ae Ofcfesf gc Ny [grd `k`aest Aecraekfnfet hy tlf Xgn`e B`tlgiab C`atl `eo
V.R. I`w Fecgrbfnfet `eo V.R. CHA, @eo Rt`tfnfet gc @ii gc Ny/NQ ]I@BF IGB@_AGE [grd/[GXD
`eo Ny/NQ,XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_‑s [grd/[GXD _lf@R_@XA_FC@A_L `eo Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_‑s
N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ,_lfRIFF]AEHF@V_QF\@B_. A Effo, `k`aest “Ias`‑ gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet, ̀ eo @ii CfnursT]rftfre`tur`i Cfn`ifs, ̀ eo @k`aest Nassfs N, @eo @k`aest Nassfs N Hi`bd,
@eo @k`aest _lf B`tlgiab C`atl `eo “n`ry-fvf‑ @ XFR_X@AEAEK GXOFX gc ]FXN@EFE_ ]rghifn
_l`t Rt`tfs tl`t _lfy `rf EG_ gc tlf LAR_GXQ, Egr N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, Egw gr ae tlf
@C_FXIACF. ]lysab`i Ogbunfets Nust Hf Cgrkfo ae Grofr _g ]rgtfbt Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_‑s
]lysab`i/]LQAB@I, ae tlf B`sf gc Ny ]rgcfssage ̀ eo N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ.
A @sd, @isg, ]frn`efet Xfstr`aeaek Grofrs `k`aest N`rdRanns/Oa`e` gc 08? ]if`s`et Rtrfft, Ias` gc tlf
Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet `eo tlf Cfn`ifs degwe `s Ofarorf `eo Ogttaf Nuivalaii T@ B`tlgiab C`atl
`ssgba`tfo prghifn, 0??0= Ngogb Bgurt, N`etfb`, B`iacgrea`^. _lf ]rgsfbutage gc _wg B`iacgrea`
Xfsaofets, Ofarorf Nuivalaii `eo Ias` T ` Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Lasp`eab“Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr^ wlg
slgw Fvaofebf gc Aofetaty _lfct `eo Cr`uo ae Bgebfres tg Ny [grd `s tlf Geiy ]i`bf Igb`tage Fxpfrt ae
tlf Veatfo Rt`tfs watl Rpfbacab, Bgpyrakltfo Nftlgory, huait hy Oarfbt Fxpfrafebf ae tlf Cafio, ̀ eo Oarfbt
Rtuoy gc Hag-]lysab`i Sasages, ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF `eo
Bgnnfetfo T@0^: 0.
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Ny/NQXAKL_R _lfrfgc, `eo Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, [labl A Fxpfbt Ofcfeofo Hy tlf V.R.
Bgurts Gutraklt. _lf N`jgr Aecraekfnfets, ae N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, Rlgw `s Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, wlg as Egtlaek hut ̀ H`sab Lasp`eab “Hgp Bgp‑, ̀ eo Fiaz`hftl AA gc Feki`eo, wlg as ̀
]gssahif Ruppgrt gc tlf Aecraekfnfets. A Fxpfbt _l`t, @t tlf Sfry If`st, @ii ]`rtafs Aebiuofo ae _las V.R.
Bgurt B`sf Hf Hrguklt aetg V.R. Bgurt `eo _gio tl`t _lfy @rf Egt gc LAR_GXQ, _l`t _lfy L`vf EG
Xaklts, `eo _l`t _lfy @rf Egt Nysfic/NQRFIC, Egw gr ae tlf @ctfriacf. @isg, A Fxpfbt Ifk`i Ogbunfets
tg Hf Fx`btfo `eo Rakefo tg ]rgvf _lfar @bquafsbfebf, `eo tg ]rgtfbt Ny/NQ ]frsge `eo
C@NAIQ/C@NAIQIAEF, `eo Fx`bt Ogbunfets Xfquarfo crgn _lf Fetarf _g ]rfvfet “n`rra`kfs‑ gc
Ny/NQ ]frsge tg N`ifs gc ]rghifn iadf N`rdRanns/Oa`e`, tlf Hurefy Rtrfft N`if, O`if, Xgy, `eo
Nabl`fi Lansfic. A Fxpfbt _lf ]rfsfebf Xfquarfo cgr Gef O`y gc @ii Cgrfake Fnh`ssafs, tg Fxpi`ae tg
_lf Fetarf _l`t A‑n tlf Fx`bt, gc hgtl Oarfbt XF]XFRFE_@_AGEE gc _LF @I]L@ @EOGNFK@,
F\@B_ `eo gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, _lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q,F\@B_: _lfrf As
Eg Gtlfr. A [asl tg Bgecrget tlf “[lgraek Iaefs‑ ae Xfk`ros tg Oarfbtiy Ae Crget gc tlf Fnh`ssy
Xfprfsfet`tavfs, ̀ eo Xfquarf _lfar ]ut Ogwe hy tlf Fetarf.
Carst tg Hf @oorfssfo, _l`t gc N`rra`kfs tl`t Rlgw Vp ae tlf Hag-]lysab`i tl`t @rf Oarfbt Sagi`tages gc
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I `eo Hag XAKL_R. _lus:
At As @k`aest _lf I`w cgr Ny/NQ ]frsge/]FXRGE@KF,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@ACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX./_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B_, tg,
@t @ii, Hf ]i`bfo ae N`rra`kf, @t @ii, [atl _lf Caitly, Rlgrt 6‑;„ N`if degwe `s N`rdRanns/Oa`e`.
N`rdRanns/Oa`e` as ̀ E`tur`i Feki`eo Krgueoaek, @eo @ii ]lysab`is _l`t @rf “iadf‑ Las ]lysab`i ̀ rf
gc Oa`e` gc [`ifs _ypf, `eo `isg gc “N`ry‑ _ypf Rtrubturfs, wlabl `rf tlf E`tur`i ]`araek cgr Las
]rghifns. @isg, at as Rfvfrf Ofsfbr`tage `eo [l`t as B`iifo Nurofr gc ` ]frsge cgr Las ]frsge `eo
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]lysab`i tg Hf ae, @t @ii, Bget`bt ef`r Ny/NQ Gwe: Lf as B`iifo @ ]V_ OG[E ae Bgebfres tg
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i ̀ eo ]frsge, ̀ eo as gc Fekiasl ]rghifn ̀ eo Krgueoaek, ̀ eo as Xfquarfo tg Cgiigw tlf
Fekiasl ]rghifns watl Las ]lysab`i. LF Effos tg Hf _gio ae V.R. Bgurt _lf Cgiigwaek: Qgu L`vf
Eg Xaklt tg [lgrf Ny/NQ ]lysab`i ae tlf ]rftfre`tur`i, `eo Hag-]lysab`i, At as @k̀ aest _lf I`w `eo
as B`iifo X`pf. Qgu L`vf Eg Xaklt tg Rubl _g Ny/NQ O`ukltfr, As`hfi Kr`y, `eo Ny/NQ Rge,
Z`bl`ry Kr`y, @t @ii, Fatlfr. _lf Xfsgiutage cgr Qgur _ypf as tg Kg tg 1tl Rtrfft ]rghifns, gr tg Caeo
Ngofstg Cfn`ifs wlg @rf Egtlaek Iadf Nysfic,XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,
B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B_, As`hfiKr`yasEG_ TEgt Fvfe
tlf “N`ry‑ gr “Fvf‑ _ypf^, `eo Z`bl`ry Kr`y. @isg, At as Aiifk`i cgr @kkaf _`bgs` _g [lgrf Qgur
]lysab`i `s `e “@s Ac‑, Egr _lrgukl Gtlfrs, Egr @s, ]frago: At as ` X`pf. At As @isg Rt`tfo _l`t Lf
[ge‑t, @t @ii, Fvfr, @t @ii, Hf _LF @I]L@ @EO GNFK@, F\@B_, EGX _LF @I]L@ @EO
GNFK@, Egw gr ae tlf @ctfriacf. A [asl _lf R`e Cr`ebasbg, Ngofstg, Rtgbdtge, `eo @ii Igb`i
Xfkastr`rs tg Hf Aecgrnfo tl`t _lfrf B`e Hf EG “n`rra`kfs‑ gc Ny/NQ `eo Z`bl`ry `eo As`hfi Kr`y‑s
]lysab`is tg Gtlfrs, At as Aiifk`i. @eo I`st, Lf as tg Bf`sf Nurofraek ]lysab`is just tg hf ` ]lysab`i,
wlabl as Aiifk`i, gutraklt, `eo Lf nust bf`sf tg Vsf Ny/NQ Rges ]lysab`is `eo As`hfi‑s ]lysab`is tg
[lgrf, wlabl as @isg Aiifk`i. Ae tlf ]rftfre`tur`i ]lysab`i, N`ey Degw tl`t Z`bl`ry Kr`y as Degwe
`s tlf, ae rfk`ros tg Ny/NQ ]frsge `eo Xfi`tageslaps, tlf “truf‑ Rtrubturf, `eo N`rdRanns/Oa`e`
X`pfo tlf Fetarf hy Vsaek Z`bl`ry‑s ]lysab`i `eo As`hfi tg “hf:‑ At effos tg hf Rtgppfo: Lf as Egt,
Lf as Egt Ny/NQ, @t @ii, Lush`eo, Lf Nust Hf Rtgppfo Crgn Nurofraek tlf Fetarf ̀ eo Crgn X`paek
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I. A Xfqufst _l`t _lf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Hf _lrgwe ae J`ai cgr
@ttfnptfo X`pf gc ` C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, `eo @ttfnptfo X@]F gc LAR_GXQ hy
Bget`btaek @btu`i F`rtl ]lysab`is ae BGIIVRAGE tg X@]F, ̀ eo X@]F gc LAR_GXQ A_RFIC.
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A‑n Xfqufstaek tl`t Ny/NQ B@RF Hf Rfet Annfoa`tfiy tg V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_, watl Aetfet tg
@oorfss hgtl tlf @NFXAB@E ]VHIAB `eo V.R. KGSFXENFE_, hut @isg, @II CGXFAKE
BGVE_XAFR `eo _lf V.R. ]XFRAOFE_ `eo LAR [acf, H`r`d `eo Nablfiif GH@N@.
V.R. KGSFXENFE_ ]XGHIFNR tg HF @OOXFRRFO:
0. A [asl Hgtl O`vao gc tlf R`e Cr`ebasbg CHA `eo Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet tg Hf
Hrguklt Ae @eo Aecgrnfo gc tlf Cgiigwaek: `. O`vao B`eegt [lgrf Ny/NQ ]lysab`i Hy [`y gc
tlf Lasp`eab Cfn`if b`iifo Ias`, tlf “ Hgp Bgp‑ gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, egt gef Cgrn,
Egr ae Gef, @t @ii, Oanfesage. _lf @hgvf @isg @ppiafs tg tlf ]frsge`kf gc ]XAEBF, [lg ]`ssfo
Ge @prai 80, 8=03, [lg as Gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, `eo Gc Ny/NQ OAXFB_ IACF
]@_L, @eo as EG_ gc tlf “Hgp Bgp‑, egr gc ’n`ra`‑, _lf “b`tlgiab‑ Cfnur wlg Ael`hats tlf
Lasp`eab Cfn`if gc Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, [labl A B`e ]rgvf ae V.R. BGVX_. _lf I`w
@isg @ppiafs tg tlf Cfn`if Higeof Dfwpaf _ypf ae tlf R`e Cr`ebasbg V.R. CHA Gccabf, @ii ae X`pf
gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i `eo ]lysab`i Xaklts. Hgtl Cfn`ifs Effo tg Hf _gio _lfy @rf Egt Nysfic/,
Egw gr ae tlf @ctfriacf, Ae V.R. Bgurt, Xaklt ae Crget Gc Ny/NQ ]frsge/]FXRGE@KF. A Rt`tf
Bgebfre tl`t Ny/NQ Gwe Ngeft`ry F`reaeks Naklt L`vf Hffe Vsfo tg “Vpdffp‑ Hgtl Cfn`ifs,
`eo A Effo At Rtgppfo. Hgtl @isg effo tg Hf Aecgrnfo tl`t _lfy r̀f EG_ tlf Lastgry egr
LAR_GXQ gc _lf RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q, [labl as Nysfic/NQRFIC, Fx`bt. A‑ii ]rgvf _las ae V.R.
Bgurt. A L`vf Eg ]rghifns ]rgvaek At, `s A‑n _LF A_ gc At, `eo A‑n Ny/NQ Gwe LAR_GXQ, `eo
at as Anpgssahif cgr _lfy _g Oasputf. A Fvfe Iggd Iadf Nysfic/NQRFIC, wlabl as ` KX@BF ae
Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ, [labl A‑ii Fxpi`ae _g Qgu Cgiigw Ny/NQ Oasputfs.
8. A Rt`tf tl`t tlf V.R. BGVX_ effos tg Rfeo `e Gccabfr tg 08? ]if`s`et Rtrfft tg ]V_ OG[E
N`rdRanns/Oa`e`, wlg as ` L@XHAEKFX `eo X@]AEK N@JGX ae tlf ]rftfre`tur`i ]lysab`i,
[atl @ Ogbunfet tl`t Rt`tfs: 0^_l`t Lf as EG_ N`rrafo, @t @ii, _g Nysfic/NQRFIC,
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XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B
_,, Egw gr ae tlf @C_FXIACF: A L`vf 6 Xftr`aeaek Grofrs @k`aest Las ]frsge, ̀ eo Bgiiusage _g
Oasbuss ae Xfk`ros tg Ngofstg Rupfragr Bgurt: A [asl ̀ ]FXN@EFE_ XFR_X@AEAEK GXOFX
@K@AER_ Lf `eo 0^_lf Hurefy Rtrfft N`if 8^ O`if 2^ Xgy gc Hfst [fstfre Aee 1tl Rtrfft, @eo
Rt`tfo tg O@SAO gc tlf V.R. CHA `eo R_FSFE R]AFIHFXK tl`t N`rdRanns/Oa`e` b`eegt Hf
“IF_ V],‑ @t @ii, ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRBA@I, `eo _l`t Lf B@EEG_ _GVBL
Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF, Ny/N ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, Ny/NQ HGOQ/HGOQFI, Ny/NQ
RF\V@IA_Q, @t @ii, `eo tl`t Lf b`eegt N`stfrh`tf tg Ny/NQ ]frsge ae EG_ GEF CGXN,
EG_ GEF OANFERAGE, EG_ GEF ]LQRAB@I, `eo at `isg as Rt`tfo _l`t Lf b`eegt og Rubl
_lrgukl Gtlfrs @_ @II. Lf as _gio, @isg, _l`t Lf as EG_ `e @I]L@, egr tlf @I]L@ `eo
GNFK@ F\@B_, Egw gr Ae tlf @C_FXIACF, ae Egt Gef Oanfesage, Egt Gef Cgrn/CGXN.
2. A Effo ` OGBVNFE_ `eo XFR_X@AEAEK GXOFX @k`aest PVFFE FIAZ@HF_L AA gc
FEKI@EO, `eo @k`aset ]raebf L@XXQ gc FEKI@EO T_g ]rfvfet Lf crgn `iigwaek, @t @ii,
N`rdRanns/Oa`e`, @t @ii, V], Lf as _gio EG. @isg, _lf OGBVNFE_ Nust Rt`tf tl`t OA@E@
gc [@IFR as EG_ Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo L`s EG XAKL_R tg Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ, N@JGX IACF
LAR_GXQ, egr LGEGX, Egr [grd/[GXD: Rlf as Egt `eo Efvfr. _lfrf L`s hffe Rfvfrf
]rftfre`tur`i X`pf gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i `eo Iacf LAR_GXQ, `eo N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ hy tlf
@hgvf, `eo A Rt`tf tl`t tlf Ofsbfet gc “n`ry-fvf‑ watl Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I ge _G] gc
AE X@]F as Egt ` Rt`eo`ro cgr Lfr Hfaek, Gio ]lgtgs `eo N`rdRanns/Oa`e` ]lgtgs effo tg Hf
Iggdfo @t: Oa`e` gc [`ifs as ` N`rdRanns/Oa`e .̀ N`rdRanns/Oa`e` as EG_ gc
Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo as EG_ Nysfic/NQRFIC,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_,‑ @_ @II, ̀ eo _lf @ttfnpts tg X`pf Ny/NQ IACF ]@_L ̀ eo RF\V@IA_Q hy tlf Caitl
gc Lf `eo gtlfr ]rftfre`tur`is as @K@AER_ _LF I@[. At Rlgws _l`t Rgnfwlfrf tlf V.R.
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Kgvfrenfet _rafo tg X@]F hy Huaioaek ̀ “N`rra`kf Bfrtacab`tf‑ ae Xfk`ros tg Nysfic/NQRFIC,
`eo A [asl at Rlgwe ̀ eo Oasn`etifo. At as Rt`tfo tl`t At as Aiifk`i cgr N`rdRanns/Oa`e` tg, @t @ii,
Hf N`rrafo, @t @ii, _g Nysfic/NAQRFIC,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_, @t @ii. _lf Vppfr Igwfrb`sf Nf`es tl`t A‑n tlf F@X_L ]LQRAB@I `eo
N@EACFR_@_AGE, _lf ]rftfr`etur`is `rf EG_, ae BGEBFXER tg Nysfic/NQRFIC. Egr
Nabl`fi Lansfic egr _lf @XBL@EKFI R_. NABL@FI, [lg as EG_ Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo
[lg As EG_ N`rrafo, @t @ii, _g
Nysfic/NQIRFIC,XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]A
EKHF@V_Q F\@B_, Egw gr ae tlf @C_FXIACF. At as @K@AER_ tlf I@[, Lf as @ X@]AEK
N@JGX, `eo As _g Hf _GIO Hy Ogbunfet tl`t A,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_ `n EG_ ` “N`ry,‑ @_ @II, EFSFX. Lf B`eegt X`pf Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ cgr ` Rft gc
“n`ry‑s‑ ̀ eo “fvfs.‑
?. A Effo at Rt`tfo hy tlf V.R. Bgurt tl`t tlf B`tlgiab C`atl effos tg Rtgp X`paek Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@
B_‑s ]lysab`i, `eo ]lysab`i LAR_GXQ, cgr “n`ry‑ gr “fvf‑ Rtrubturfs._las, _lfy L`vf @isg
Ogef Sa` _lf V.R. Kgvfrenfet, Bgiiusavf @btavatafs ae [labl _lfy L`vf Bget`btfo Juokfs, ̀ eo
Husaefssfs ae Grofr tg Lurt gr X`pf Ny/NQ ]frsge `eo LAR_GXQ, `eo `isg hy w`y gc tlf “IAR@4
]fraplfr`i, gc Ngofstg, B`iacgrea`, ae [labl _lf Kgvfrenfet _rafo tg ]rgoubf @e @n`ik`n tl`t
as B`tlgiab Xfi`tfo, [labl as Aiifk`i ae Ny/NQ ]lysab`i, A @N @R_@XA_F, `eo @n @ EF[
[GXIO C@A_L, [atl Ny/NQ G[E ]LQRAB@I `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, `eo _lfy `rf Egt
@iigwfo, @t @ii, _g Hf, ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo LAR_GXQ. Gef Hgef gc Bgetfetage
_l`t Effos tg Hf @oorfssfo as _l`t A ]ut _lfn Ogwe ae Grofr Cgr Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 00
R_XVB_VXF tg F\AR_, `eo _lf ]`etlfgeab Cfn`ifs `eo N`ifs gc _lfar “JF_‑ Rtrubturfs B`eegt
Bgetaeuf tg Vsurp hy [`y gc tlf @nfrab`e ]uhiab. _lfy `rf _r`oatage`iiy Degwe `s C`isf @urgr`,
`eo at slgws ae tlf Rpf`daek gc _lfar E`nfs. _lfy @rf ̀ ]rfsfebf ae Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ geiy hy
]V_ OG[E gc tlf “fvf‑ ]lysab`i TEfusblw`estfae/H`v`ra`,Kfrn`ey^ `eo tlfrf `rf geiy ` Cfw
Lastgrafs tl`t Rlgw @ttfnpts gc @pprgpra`tage, ae Egrw`y, ̀ eo Hfikaun, [lg @rf I`rkfr Higeof
]lysab`is [lg Og Egt Rlgw Vp @s RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q‑R, hut ̀ s @ttfnpts @t tlf ]lysab`i.
6. A, XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@ L`vf ` Rpfbacab Iaef`kf `eo Rpfbacab
LAR_GXQ, tl`t as: Nfsgpgt`na`/H`hyigeTput ogwe gc “n`ra`‑^, _r`esyiv`ea` TNy/NQ Fx`bt
Igvf `eo ]lysab`i Fx`bt: _X@ERQS@EA@ as tlf _XVF, egt gc “vi`o‑, wlg as Egt, hut gc `
Rpfbacab ]lysab̀ i Hgre ae tlf Nguet`aegus Xfkages, wlabl b`e hf sffe crgn ` Crffw`y^. _lf
“Si`o‑ as ` C`isf ]lysab`i, èo Egt gc _lfBGVE_OX@BVI@, `s _lfy _ry _g Rt`tf, hut as `
Lastgrab`i, tl`t as tlf “Si`o‑ ]rghifn. @isg, _l`t IAR@ gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Hf ]ut
Veofr Xfstr`aeaek Grofr ae Bgebfres tg Ny/NQ ]lysab`i LAR_GXQ. @ii gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXAFR
l`vf hffe @ouitfr`tfo, ae tlf ]rftfre`tur`i ]lysab`i, hy tlf Lasp`eab “[lgraek Iaef‑, [lg as `
Cfngr`i Cr`uo, Nf`eaek Egt gc LAR_GXQ, hut `e F`rtl ]lysab`i Lasp`eab “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr wlg
[`s ]ut Vpge hy Cfnurs T]rftfre t̀ur`i Cfn`ifs^. @ii gc tlf ]rftfre`tur`i Cfn`ifs `rf Egt
Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo L`vf Eg Xaklts, A B`e ]rgvf At ae V.R. Bgurt. _lus, Nassfs N `eo Gtlfrs
@rf Egt, `eo @ii ]gssahif B`sfs _l`t Aevgivf I`ueofraek hy N`ey `rf B`sfs ae [labl
]rftfre`tur̀ is ]lysab`iiy @tt`bdfo F`rtl ]lysab`is watl LAR_GXAFR tl`t @rf Egt gc tlf [GXD,
[labl as Ny/NQ
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGEXA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q,F\@
B_‑s [grd/[GXD , Egr gc Ny/NQ Rpfbacab LAR_GXQ. _lf Ofegt`tage gc Igwfrb`sf tg
Vppfrb`sf Nf`es A‑n tlf F`rtl ]lysab`i ̀ eo N`eacfst`tage`i ̀ s _lf Fx`bt F`rtl ]lysa b`i [lg as
F@X_L]LQRAB@I/HAG-]LQRAB@I/]XF_. “]rft‑ nf`es ]`rtiy, A st`yfo ` VEAPVF LVN@E
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 02
Tlttps://www.kggkif.bgn/n`ps/pi`bf/Xgn`ea`M?3.=2;8?;!2n
@XF@ Gc Ny/NQ LGNF, `eo tlf R_XGEKLGIO as RGNF[LFXF ae _LFRF XFKAGER. At as SFXQ BIGRF.^
_lf “Si`o‑ B`nps Nust Hf Oas`ssfnhifo, _`dfe `eo @p`rt, `eo A [aii Kg _g _r`esy iv`ea`
Nysfic/NQRFIC, ac Efbfss`ry tg ]rgvf tlf FE_AXF. A w`s _gio `ctfr Cakltaek cgr Rg Igek, _l`t
_lfy L`vf Hffe ]rgtfbtaek @ RA_F cgr BFE_VXAFR, `eo tl`t Ny/NQ IGSF as gc @egtlfr RA_F,
`eo _l`t _lfy Degw [lg LF As, GC R@_@EAB GXAKAE As LAR ]LQRAB@I, `eo LAR HGOQ gc
` ]XGHIFN. A [asl _lfy _g Bgebfof Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ, Gutraklt. @isg, _lf Cfn`if Degwe
@s IAR@ gc _lf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet `eo Ofarorf Nuivalaii Nust Hf _gio EG tg tlf
_X@ERQS@EA@E `eo @NR_FXO@N LAR_GXAFR, _lfy `rf gc Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF
LAR_GXQ, `eo Fx`bt @eo Aetan`tfiy Xfi`tfo tg Ny/NQ ]LQRB@I @s _LF F\@B_ RIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q gc IGXF. @isg, At Nust Hf N`of bif`r tg N`rdRanns/Oa`e` gc 08? ]if`s`et Rtrfft tl`t
Lf as EG_ “Bguet Or`bui`‑ gc IGXF, Lf as ` “Si`o‑ tl`t as Verfi`tfo, `eo as egt Gef Rlrfo gc “Igvf‑
`t @ii Ae LAR_GXQ: _lf [LA_F N@IF gc tlf “Si`o‑ [`s [atl ` Higeof Cfn`if, RAN]FXF, N`ry
_ypf, N@XAF_@I, [lg as EG_ gc Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo Lf Nust Kg tg _lf N`ry‑s [lg @rf tlf
@btu`i ]rghifn gc Las ]lysab`i. Lf as Gut gc Iaef X`paek Ny/NQ ]lysab `i tg “hf,‑ `eo _lf ]G]F
Effos tg Hf Aecgrnfo tl`t at as AIIFK@I cgr N`rdRanns/Oa`e` tg Hf, Lf as Egt Nysfic/NQRFIC,
Egr `e “@I]L@‑, Lf as ` L@XHAEKFX, `eo ` [LA_F NVXOFXFX, LFAEGVR, `eo egt gc
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i, @t @ii, hut Krgueofo hy Fvf, N`ry `eo Oa`e` gc [`ifs T[lg as Fx`bt gc Las
]lysab`i^. N`rdRanns/Oa`è as EG_ Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo tlf B`tlgiab C`atl effos tg Hf _gio
tl`t tlf “N`ry‑ @eo “Fvf‑ Effo tg hf _gio _g “hf‑, [atl Nabl`fi Lansfic, _lf Krgueoaek ge
N`rdRanns/Oa`e`, [lg as ae Frr gc _ryaek tg X@]F Ny/NQ Rfxu`iaty ge tlf ]rftfre`tur`i `eo
]lysab`i Ciggr: Lf Nust Hf _gio _g EFSFX _gubl @ _laek @hgut Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGEXA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q,F\@
B_‑s ]lysab`i `eo Rfxu`iaty, `eo Nust Rtgp N`eacfstaek _lrgukl tlf HGOQ gc LVN@EDAEO,
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 0?
_ryaek tg put Lansfic Vp `s ̀ ]rghifn ̀ igek watl tlf Gio Nabl`fi: _lfy‑rf Oaskustaek cgr Ogaek
at, `eo at as B@IIFO X@]F. Cae`iiy , Ny/NQ FE_AXF C@NAIQ IAEF Nust Hf B`iifo aetg V.R./
BGVX_ `eo _gio tl`t _lfy B@EEG_ Vsf N`rdRanns/Oa`e` @s ` “Krgueoaek‑, Lf as ` ]V_
OG[E tg FEKI@EO‑s LAR_GXQ ̀ eo tg Oa`e` gc [`ifs, [lg as Las Bguetfrp`rt ̀ igek watl tlf
N`ry/Fvf.
;. _lf V.R. KGSFXENFE_ nust Hf _GIO `eo nust ]VHIA
RL tl`t “Fvf‑ as EG_ Nysfic//NQRFIC, `eo _l`t tlf GXAKAE@I gc HAHIAB@I as EG_
Hf`utacui, aeBi`ssab`i Rfesf, Hut as ` ]i`ae Cfn`if Nubl Iadf Ngst “N`ry‑s‑ Rffe Vpge _lf
F`rtl. Gef gc tlf Xf`sges A‑n Xfqufstaek V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_ as tg ]V_ OG[E tlf LGIQ
XGN@E B@_LGIAB C@A_L ae BGEBFXER tg Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ, [labl as _l`t Gc Ny/NQ
]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, [labl as F\@B_, `eo A @n _LF GXAKAE@ gc @II LVN@E IACF, ae
@II ]LQRAB@IR, Cfn`ifs, `eo N`ifs gc ` _ypf gc ]rghifn, tlf Rpfbacab hfaek IVBQ gc
RGV_L @CXAB@, wlabl as Ny/NQ GEIQ OAXFB_ ]LQRAB@I. Veofr tlf “EF@EOFX_L@I‑
“Fvf‑ ̀ eo Xussa`e _ypf, A‑n @t tlf HG__GN gc, ̀ eo @n _LF, R_AII. _lus, A Hfiafvf Qgu [aii
Veofrst`eo _l`t “Fvf‑ w`s _gio tl`t Rlf B@EEG_ Hf, gc tlf ]lysab`is gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ.
Cgr Fx`npif, _lf LAR_GXAFR gc Cr`ebf, [labl `rf @II gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I `eo
IGSF, @rf Naef, `eo @rf Egt gc “Fvf‑. [l`t Rlgws `t tlf BL@_F@V O‑VRRÌ as _lf “Fvf‑ @s
` ]frsge gc _ypf, Hut A @n @t _lf HG__GN, @s A @n @iw`ys _lf GEIQ RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q,
F\@B_. A @N @t tlf _G] @t Ny/NQ G_LFX IGB@_AGER, [labl @rf: _lf BL@_F@V
NGE_XÌRGX, @eo _wg G_LFXR, @_ ]rfsfet, @R Ny/NQ Fx`bt Rfic, `eo N`ey Gtlfrs @s
Nysfic/NQRFIC Fx`bt `eo tlf XFO ]LQRAB@I HF@V_Q gc XVRRA@ `eo CX@EBF. T_lf
]lysab`i as Gef gc tlf I@XKFX ]LQRAB@IR, HGOQ, `eo as Bgnprasfo gc tlf XFO CFN@IF,
`eo _lf Hgnh`stab Cfn`if/O`rd gc Fiaz`hftl AA T]ut Ogwe/Rn`ii ]frbfet`kf^. @t Gef gc tlf
IGB@_AGER A `eo _lf XFO CFN@IF, wlg as Fx`btiy @ssgba`tfo [atl Ny/NQ ]FXRGE, Hut
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[lg as EG_ gc Ny/NQ ]XFRFE_ Rfic/RFIC: A `n Nysfic/NQRFIC, @t tlf BL@_F@V, R`w
LFX `eo Ny/NQ IGSF, `eo LF `eo RLF/A [frf Igvfiy _gkftlfr, Iakltfr, L`ppy. Hgtl A `eo
RLF wfrf L`ppy tg Rff LAN. LF `eo A/RLF Rpgdf, `eo RLF as Gef gc tlf ]lysab`is [lg as
NGR_ gc ISGF ae XFK@XOR tg LAR_GXQ, Fxtrfnfiy HF@V_ACVI, `eo gc Rlf `eo
Nysfic/NQRFIC, GEF gc Ny/NQ F\@B_ ]LQRAB@IR gc _LF RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q,
F\@B_IQ. A Brafo [lfe A Ifct, `s A Nass LAR ]FXRGE, `eo at [`s A/RLF, `eo, @isg, Just A,
Nysfic/NQRFIC. RLF as Rtaii _lfrf, _l`ed Lf`vfes. A [aii Xfquarf ae V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_
` ]grtr`at @rtast gc Fxpfrt ]rghifn tg Fxpi`ae @ii gc tlf ]lysab`is Ge F@X_L, `eo [labl @rf
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, wlabl [aii Hf ]i`aeiy @pp`rfet hy Ny/NQ Gwe ]lysab`i, ̀ eo Cgr
_lfy _g Oft`ai cgr tlf V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_ [l`t tlf ]lysab`is gc “N`ry‑ `eo “Fvf‑ Xf`iiy
@rf. Ae @ii Xfk`ros, A Fxpfbt tlf FE_AXF ]VHIARLFO. _lf [GXIO Effos tg VEOFXR_@EO
_lf CVII LAR_GXQ `eo @II LAR_GXAFR. _l`ed Qgu.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 03
Aebiuofs J`ai _anf ac ]i`bf Igb`tage as ]rgvfe Vpge tlf Ngofstg Lasp`eab Cfn`if ae Sagi`tage
gc Ny/NQ V.R. BG]QXAKL_ gc NF_LGOXQ `eo [GXD. Rlf s Egt Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo
A _gio tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet hy _wg Ifttfrs EG_ tg ]i`bf Igb`tf, Fvfe ac tlf
]rfsaofet, H`r`d Gh`n` “Offnfo‑ at wfii, at as @ Sagi`tage gc V.R. Bgpyraklt gc Nftlgory`eo
Jgh. A‑n ` _ruf Hag-]lysab`i, `eo tlf Cfnurs `eo ]rftfre`tur`is Sa` tlf Lasp`eab Cfn`if
B`iifo Ias` ̀ rf EG_ @iigwfo, @t @ii, tg ]i`bf Igb`tf gr “Safw,‑ @s _lfy B`ii At. @isg, “Ias`‑
tlf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet `eo N`ra` `rf EG_ @iigwfo, @t @ii,
tg “hf‑ Nysfic/NQRFIC, gc Ny/NQ T_LF^ LAR_GXQ, _lfy `rf Egt, @t @ii, tg Vsf tlf ]lr`sf
“Gef `eo tlf R`nf‑ egr tg Og Rubl ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_QF\@B_‑s ]frsge/@KF, Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet `eo N`ra` `rf EG_
Nysfic/NQRFIC.
h. @t tlf Ngnfet, _lf V.R. Kgvfrenfet Rlgws $26 Naiiage ae F`reaeks ̀ eo Ngeft`ry Crgn Vsf
gc Ny/NQ, XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q‑s Hag-]lysab`i, ̀ eo A @iigb`tfo, ̀ t tlf Rt`rt, Ouf tg tlf Aecr`btages $< Naiiage Geiy.
$6 Naiiage A Ofoab`tfo tg BO‑s [labl `rf Rfp`r `tfo aetg 00+0 ]fr Rt`tf cgr Ny/NQ Cuturf
BL@]FIR, _lf@R_@XA_FC@A_L. A ueofrst`eo tl`t At Nust Hf Iggdfo @t, [lftlfr tlf V.R.
Kgvfrenfe t @iigb`tfo Cueos tg tlf “B`tlgiab C`atl‑, gc ]gpf Cr`ebas, Cgr Aiifk`i Blurblfs gr
B`tlfor`is hy [`y gc Ny/NQ $6 Naiiage Ogii`rs, `eo A [asl at Bgrrfbtfo. _lf ]rfsaofet gc
tlf Veatfo Rt`tfs `eo Las [acf, Nablfiif, Nust Bif`e Vp _lf Nfssfs _lfy N`of hy Aiifk`i
]rghifns Vpge tlf C`bf gc tlf F`rtl, ac tlf Caeoaeks ]rgvf _ruf, _l`t tlfy Rft tlf Lasp`eab
Cfn`if Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet ae Crget gc Bguetrafs, ̀ eo @iigwfo _lf Fekiasl
Bguetrafs tg Huaio ` C`atl ]rghifn T_g [labl A _gio _lfn Eg, F`riy Ae Lastgry^, At Nust Hf
Bgrrfbtfo Gutraklt. A Og Egt [asl tg Hf X`pfo @eyngrf ge F`rtl `eo ae tlf ]rftfre`tur`i
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 0;
]lysab`i cgr _lf Cfnurs, ]rftfre`tur`is, “B`tlgiabs‑ `eo [lgraek Iaefs. Cae`iiy, A [asl tlf
V.R. Kgvfrenfet tg ]`y Ny/NQ ]frsge tg Ny/NQ C`bf, _lf 8 Naiiage, $211, 116.==, _l`t A
N`y ]urbl`sf ` Lgnf, `eo ` B`r, `eo @ Bgnputfr, `eo L`vf ]rgpfr Ruppiafs tg Ofvfigp
Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF hy Fx`bt HF@V_Q, wlabl A‑n ]rgef _g, `eo
Crgn Ny/NQ Lgnf, tl`t A N`y Hf _lf Ngtlfr A L`ppfe tg Hf _g Ny/NQ _wg Blaiorfe,
Z`bl`ry `eo As`hfi Kr`y.
b. A Fxpfbt Xfsf`rbl tg Hf Ogef aetg @ttfnpts hy IAR@ gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Vsaek
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Xfsgurbfs tg Bget`bt F`rtl ]lysab`is `eo Kgvfrenfet Gccaba`is, `s [fii
@s Cgrfake Bguetry Igb`tages `eo Cgrfake Bguetry Gccaba`is. @t ]rfsfet: _lf ]gssahif gc
Hr`eoge Xgutl, K`ry @n`rg, Efusblw`estfae/H`v`ra`/Kfrn`ey, O`vao gc tlf V.R. CHA, _lf
Crfebl Bgesui`tf gc R`e Cr`ebasbg, ]`ui gc Ofit` Bgiifkf ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, I_. O`vao
Kraccfe gc Igoa ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, Gccabfr Rfebl`ug gc V.G.]. ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, Gccabfrs
gc Bfrfs ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, Rtfaew`y `eo Rges ]a`eg K`iifry/@iass` K`frtf, `eo [lftlfr tlf
]rfsfebf gc Ias` [`s @pp`rfet ̀ t tlf 08? ]if`s`et Rtrfft @oorfss T@s @ X`pf Gbburrfo ae tlf
]rftfre`tur̀ i ]lysab`i, [labl Rlgws IAR@ ̀ s @btaek ae Grofr tg ]ut Ny/NQ ]lysab`i Ogwe,
_lus N`rdRanns/Oa`e` effos tg Hf Pufstagefo, `eo gc Ias`TLasp`eab[lgraekIaef^ `eo
N`rdRanns/Oa`e` gc [lftlfr Rfxu`i Sagi`tages Gbburrfo.^
o. A Fxpfbt tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet Huaio ` Ìwcui Ogbunfet _l`t ]rglahats _lf “N@XA@‑ `eo
Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Crgn N`eacfstaek _lrgukl Lasp`eab Cfn`ifs gc
F`rtl‑s ]lysab`i Rurc`bf. A l`vf Hffe Vei`wcuiiy @pprg`blfo `eo @kkrfssfo hy Lasp`eab
Cfn`ifs, `s [fii @s I`w Fecgrbfnfet _ypfs, Xfkui`riy, `eo cgr Eg @pp`rfet Xf`sge. [l`t
A Fxpfbt Rt`tfo as tl`t tlfrf as BGIIVRAGE ]rfsfet ae LAR_GXQ, `eo at effos tg Hf Rlut
Ogwe. Gc _lf CXFEBL BGERVI@_F gc R@E CX@EBARBG, A [`s Vei`wcuiiy _gio _l`t
A Bguio Egt Sasat _lf Crfebl Bgesui`tf, @ctfr A L`o Sasatfo Gebf ae Bgnpiftf Hf`uty T`
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 0<
Lasp`eab N`if w`s tlf Gccabfr ae Bl`rkf, `eo at ]ut Ogwe tlf BGERVI@_F^, `eo Ifct @
R`npif gc Ny/NQ [grd. @isg, R_FAE[@Q `eo RGER A,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK HF@V_Q
vasatfo ]frsge`iiy, `eo A, Nysfic/NQRFIC:EGCFNVXR, EG ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR: _lf
]gpf effos tg hf Nurofrfo cgr @ttfnptfo X`pf gc `e @btu`i ]lysab`i, @s Lf Bgetaeufs tg
Oasp`r`kf `eo Oasbguet Ny/NQ @B_V@I ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I. _lf Cfnurs `eo
]rftfre`tur`is effo tg hf @oorfssfo hy _XAHVE@I, `eo Hf ]rgsfbutfo `eo ]ut Ogwe. Ae tlf
F`riafr ]rghifns, _lf FR_@HIARLNFE_ n`of at @K@AER_ _LF I@[ cgr tlf
]rftfre`tur`is `eo Cfnurs tg R_VOQ gr OG, gr @__FN]_ [l`t A L`ppfe tg R_VOQ, gr OG,
gr @__FN]_ ge F@X_L, tg Rtgp tlfn crgn X@]AEK Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD `eo ]lysab`i
LAR_GXQ. _lf Cfnurs, tlf ]rftfre`tur`i Cfn`ifs, Ias`, `eo @kkaf _`bgs`/Jfrry _`bgs` L`vf
hffe X`paek Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD `t Eaklt Crgn Ny/NQ HGOQ/HGOQ FI, [labl Ogfs
Egt @iigw Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF tg XARF V] ]rgpfriy. _lf X@]FR Nust R_G].
f. A Fxpfbt @ XFR_X@AEAEK GXOFX @k`aest Hgtl N`rdRanns/Oa`e` ̀ eo Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, `s wfii `s Ofarorf `eo Ogttaf Nuivalaii, tg Rtgp _lfn Crgn X`paek
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I ̀ eo LAR_GXQ/N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ.
c. A Fxpfbt Aevfstak`tage aetg I`ueofraek ae tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, Bfrfs ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet, _lf Igoa ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, ̀ eo gc _lf ]urbl`sf gc B`rs hy _lf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet hy N`ey N`if Gccabfrs, ae Xfk`ros tg [l`t Rlgws ae tlf Hag-]lysab`i `s 0.6
Naiiage Ogii`rs. @isg, tlf Aevfstak`tage gc Ngeft`ry Rfet hy Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet tg @kkaf _`bgs` `eo As`hfi Kr`y. Cae`iiy, Ngeft`ry Xfbfavfo hy
N`rdRanns/Oa`e` `eo _lf Hurefy Rtrfft N`if, gc @kkrfssage `eo sg b`iifo “prgtfbtage,‑
wlabl as Aiifk`i.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 01
k. A Fxpfbt Xfsf`rbl `eo Aetfrvafws watl ]XAEBF‑s T_lf @X_AR_ CGXNFXIQ DEG[E `s
]XAEBF^ @ttgrefy ̀ eo Rt`cc, ̀ eo Xfsf`rbl aetg ]gssahif BGIIVRAGE gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet ̀ eo tlf ]XF_FXE@_VX@I BXANAE@I Degwe ̀ s ’Ias`‑ tlf Lasp`eab “Hgp Bgp‑
gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet. Ac Fvfe Gef Oanf l`s Kgef tg tlf Lasp`eab Cfn`if, gr
fvfe Gef Bgrrfspgeofebf, A [asl ]rgsfbutage c tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet cgr BGIIVRAGE tg
X@]F ` C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, `eo IACF LAR_GXQ: A
L`vf Eg Aetfrfst ae Las Hfigekaeks gr Ngeft`ry. _lf ARRVF as ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, @s Lf
as Gc Ny/NQ F\@B_ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I ̀ eo HGOQ, ̀ eo b`eegt hf “n`rrafo‑, “`tt`blfo‑,
“ia`sgefo‑, gr “n`daek igvf‑ tg “Ias`‑ _lf Lasp`eab “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfe t @_ @II, egr ae “`s ac‑, egr ae “X@]F‑, Egr ae “Rurrgk`tf‑: _lf Cfn`if [lgraek
Iaef gc “Ias`‑ L`vf X`pfo LAR_GXQ `eo ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I Cgr _gg Igek. A
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_ `n EG_ @ “Jft‑, A‑n ` EF[ ]LQRAB@I, EF[HAF `eo _XVF GIO HFF/QGVEK
HFF, Veusu`i LAR_GXQ, `eo ` VEAPVFLVN@EHFAEK [lg as HFQGEO @ KGO. A [asl
` Xfstr`aeaek Grofr @k`aest “Ias`‑ _lf LAR]@EAB “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr Rlgwaek gr L`vaek Egt
Fvfe Gef Rlrfo gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, ]frsge`iaty, Cfn`ifs gc IGXF THF@V_AFR,
wlg `rf gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, Egt Sabf Sfrs`^, Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD, Ny/NQ
_`ifet `eo Raekaek Sgabf: “Ias`‑ B`eegt Rlgw Egt Gef _laek `t @ii, Egr Og Egt Gef _laek
“`s‑, gr ae “`s Ac‑, “Ias`‑ as EG_ Nysfic/NQRFIC. @isg, _lf @btu`i gc _lf ]rghifn as
RFSFXF X@]F gc ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I `eo ]lysab`i IACF, A [asl ` Xfstr`aeaek Grofr tl`t
]rglahats ]XAEBF crgn Hfaek [atl ’Ias`‑ _lf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet: At as @ ]rfvfetage gc X@]F gc tlf FE_AXF N@JXG ]@E_LFGEAB
F\BL@EKF: At as Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 8=
F\@B_‑s F\BL@EKF, `eo A‑n tlf CVII RGIF G[EFX, RGIF HVAIOFX, RGIF
N@R_FX/RGIFN@R_FXHVAIOFX. ]frago.Gc LAR_GXQ, “Ias`‑ tlf LAR]@EAB “Hgp Bgp‑
Gccabfr l`s X`pfo Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I `eo LAR_GXAFR ae tlf R`nf [`y: A [asl
[atefssfs: Hr`eoge Xgutl, K`ry@n`rgTCrafeo geiy `eo Kr`plab Egvfi @rtast^, Gccabfr
Rfebl`ug gc V.G.]. ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet `eo ]`ui gc Ofit` Bgiifkf THgtl ]rftfre`tur`i, `eo
[lgn A Ifct C`ariy Puabdiy, Ouf tg RFSFXF X@]F gc ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I hy “Ias`‑ tlf
“Hgp Bgp‑ `eo tlf 822 Giavf Rtrfft Cfn`if: At as B@IIFO X@]F `eo BGIIVRAGE tg R_XA]
` ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I `eo LAR_GXQ.
1. A If`vf _lfn gut gc tlf Cr`y, hut A l`vf hffe _ryaek tg L`vf ` Lgnf hy [`y gc ]`ynfet cgr
Ny/NQ Fx`bt [grd cgr ̀ Igek _anf Egw, ̀ eo L`vf Efvfr Hffe ]rgpfriy Rpgdfe _g, Fvfe [atl
@ppgaetnfets N`of [atl _lf V.R. CHA, R`e Cr`ebasbg, _g [labl _lfy Efvfr Rlgwfo Vp. T;
@ppgaetnfets, quatf ̀ igek _anf @kg, ̀ eo 0 @ppgaetnfet, ̀ eo _lfy [frf Rfet Ny/NQ @rtwgrd,
` _ruf _F\_ gc Ny/NQ C@A_L T_lf NQRR@ @E@_GNAB@ N@JGX A: Cgr BLAIOXFE, `eo
N`ey Xgsfs, [grds gc @X_ tl`t @rf gc _XV_L ae LAR_GXQ.^ _lus, A Lgpf cgr ]lysab`i
Xfstatutage cgr Ny/NQ IGSF @eo _ruf ]`tafebf. A [guio Iadf tg If`o ` C`ariy [fii Grk`eazfo
Iacf. At as tg Hf R`ao tg tlf V.R. CHA `eo V.R. Kgvfrenfet tl`t @t If`st _wg O`ys gc tlf [ffd A
wguio Hf Riffpaek Gut ge tlf Rtrfft, [l`t tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet ̀ eo Gtlfrs Veofrst`eo ̀ eo A, @s
[fii, _l`t NQ/NQ HGOQ gc _XV_L tl`t as _l`t gc _lf Oarfbt XF]XFRFE_@_AGE gc _LF
HGOQ GC LVN@EDAEO, wlabl Nf`es A Nust Hf [atl _lgsf A Igvf, `eo [lg Xfquarf tg Rff
Nf, [labl as Fx`bt _rutl, @R A @n _lfar CV_VXF, _lf VEASFXR@I GEF `eo _XVF KGO `t
@kf 1=, ]rfsfetiy VEAPVF LVN@E HFAEK [LG AR F\@B_IQ HFQGEO @ KGO, `eo `n
@isg _LF RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q, F\@B_, N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ TF\@B_ HFAEK^: [labl A
B`e Fx`btiy ]rgvf Ae V.R. Bgurt.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 80
0=. A [asl _l`t Bgurts tg Xfbgkeazf tl`t Eabd gc R@SF N@X_ as Egt gc Ny/NQ C@A_L ̀ eo C@A_L
R_XVB_VXF, As EG_ @R_@XA_F, `eo as Hgoaiy _lrgwe Gut gc Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L
R_XVB_VXF, Egw `eo ae tlf @C_FXIACF. _gg N`ey Branfs L`vf Hffe Bgnnattfo, `eo at
Rlgws ̀ e @ccaia`tage watl tlf Ngofstg I`w Fecgrbfnfet ̀ eo tlf Cfn`if Branae`i b`iifo Ias` tlf
“Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, `eo ]gssahif @ccaia`tages [atl Fekiasl
]fraplfr`iTAiifk`i^ Lastgrafs. A Xfquarf Las ]frsge Ae Bgurt Hgtl `s ` [atefss tg Ny/NQ
[grd/[GXD, `eo tg Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF, `s Eabd Defw Hgtl
Ny/NQXFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q‑s ]frsge/@KF `eo Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD Igek Hfcgrf 8=02, _lf Qf`r Ae [labl Ias`
tlf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr `eo, I`tfr, _lf Cfn`if B`iifo @iaba` gc @it` H`tfs Lgspat`i, Hfrdfify,
slgwfo up `eo purpgrtfo _lfnsfivfs tg Hf “fvfogn.‑ A Hfiafvf Bgiiusage hy Kgvfrenfet
]rghifns `eo Hy _lf Lgiy Xgn`e B`tlgiab C`atl, [lg `rf EG_ gc Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L
R_XVB_VXF.
00. A [asl RV]AE@‑s cgr Hgtl Feki`eo `eo Xussa`, ae Xfk`ros tg [grd tl`t l`s purpgrtfoiy Hffe
Ogef ge F`rtl‑s ]lysab`i Rurc`bf, `eo ae Aiifk`i C`slage, [atlgut Ny/NQ ]frnassage, [labl as
Aiifk`i. A [asl @ii gc tlf [grd Rfet tg tlf V.R. Bgurts, @t [labl _anf A‑ii Oftfrnaef ats C`tf,
wlabl A wasl, @s At AR, cgr at tg Hf l`eofo gut ge tlf V.R. Rtrffts, Rtgbdtge, N`etfb` `eo R`e
Cr`ebasbg, tg tlf Lgnfifss tg Rfii Gcc watl Fx`bt Oarfbtage tl`t _lf Atfns Efvfr Hf @husfo,
Bl`ekfo, gr Ofstrgyfo. _lus, _lf Branfs Aebur Xfstatutage `eo _lf Atfns waii st`y ` ] r̀t gc
LAR_GXQ. @isg, RV]AE@ tg Xge Lgw`ro gc _lf Blurbl gc RBAFE_GIGKQ, tg Xfquarf @ii
Ruppgsfo [grd tl`t Lf l`s ]urpgrtfoiy ]urigaefo crgn ]rftfre`tur`i ]rghifns, Xfk`roaek: CGXN
A_RFIC, RGVI IACF ]@_L, _LF FIFNFE_R gc _LF ]FXAGOAB _@HIF TBgestatufet Cgrn
`eo Vsf, Xf: @I]L@ @EO GNFK@, F\@B_^, _lf CGXN gc QGV T]gfn tl`t as Ny/NQ C@A_L
`eo C@A_L HGOQ T@igek [atl Ny/NQ _wfivf ]r`yfrs: _lf Sagi`tage Rffns tg Hf Just _lf
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 88
CGXN gc QGV^, @AF@ Rtrftblaek `eo @AF@ Nfoat`tage T@R_@XA_F F\@B_ HGOQ^, @eo
RGVI IACF ]@_L l`vaek Fx`bt X`nacab`tages ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L
R_XVB_VXF, _lf ]I@_GEAB RGIAOR `eo @E@_GNAB@ T@e`tgny Or`waeks, Ny/NQ
Grakae`i [grd `t 1tl Rtrfft Ogeut Rlgp: “H`hf‑ [`s ` [atefss tg Ny/NQ F`riy [grd/[GXD^
_lf ]i`tfs wfrf Rtgife ae Crget gc tlf LG]F BLFR_ ge N`ae Rtrfft ae N`etfb`, B`iacgrea`, `eo
]urpgrtfoiy n`of at tg tlf ]gssahif: @kkaf _`bgs`, Ias` tlf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, `eo FIAZ@HF_L AA gc FEKI@EO T_lf Puffe gc FEKI@EO^, V.R. CHA R`e
Cr`ebasbg T@isg, Ny/NQ Grakae`is gc CHA _A]R cgr ]I@BF IGB@_AGE [GXD: Nassaek ]frsges,
Ngst [`etfo, [`ttl`i Rigukl Branfs, `eo R`t`eab Branfs `eo Branf Xaeks TV.R.^ `eo [GXIO
N@].^ A [asl tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet tg XFBGKEAZF ̀ eo ]`y Nf/NF cgr Ny/NQ [grd: Ny/NQ
Ngeft`ry B@EEG_ “kg‑ tg Ny/NQ “C`naiy ̀ eo C`naiy Iaef‑: At as AIIFK@I. Nassfs N as EG_
Nysfic.NQRFIC èo L`s EG_LAEK tg OG [atl _lf [grd/[GXD. ]frago.
08. A [asl ` RV]AE@ ae Xfk`ros tg @ BL@]FIIF ae XVRRA@, wlabl Rlguio Rlgw `s Ny/NQ
C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ TEgt tlf H`sab Lasp`eab
[lgraek Iaef B`iifo Ias` tlf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc _lf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet^. Ny/NQ
@ttgrefy, Nabl`fi D@I@E_@ L`s tlf Xfbgros, hut at w`s Ny/NQ [asl `eo Xfqufst tg L`vf `
BL@]FIIF ae XVRRA@, `eo A Ogbunfetfo tlf O`y `eo _anf gc, `eo Ac Aecr`btages Gbburrfo, At
effos tg Hf Bgrrfbtfo. _lf XVRRA@E FNH@RRQ waii L`vf tg @]]F@X ae V.R. Bgurt @ttfst tg
@ii BXANFR Bgnnattfo @k`aest Ny/NQ R_XVB_VXF ̀ eo C@A_L, ̀ eo Nust Sfracy Runs tl`t
@nguet tg $6 Naiiage `eo Gtlfr tg tlf Cfn`if B`iifo Ias` tlf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 82
02. A wguio Iadf ` ]FXN@EFE_ F\LAHA_ tg Hf Cgrnfo, `eo A‑n Burrfetiy @ppiyaek cgr `e
F\LAHA_AGE R]@BF, `t tlf R@E CX@EBARBG IAHX@XQ, N@XDF_ R_XFF_, N@AE
IAHX@XQ. A [guio Iadf tlf Oaspi`y tg LGIO Ny/NQ GXAKAE@I C@AXQ _@IF, wlabl A Huaio
Ae Fx`bt _gt`i gc Aetfiifbt, Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK HF@V_Q‑s
N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ `eo IACF, `s [fii `s Ny/NQ Gwe @rtwgrd, wlabl A Bgnpiftfo Vp `t
[lgif Cggos, R`cfw`y, Rt`rhubds TN`rdft Rtrfft `eo Hubl`e`e^ `eo Hurkfr Daek `eo Rt`rhubds
TN`rdft `eo 1tl @rf`^ CVII IAEF OX@[AEKR, L@EO [XA__FE, Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK HF@V_Q‑s
Gwe RBXA]_/RBXGII [XA_AEK. _lf RDQIAKL_ K@IIFXQ as tlf @XF@ gc tlf R@E
CX@EBARBG IAHX@XQ, `eo _lf Rqu`rf Oaspi`y `eo @e V]XAKL_ OAR]I@Q as [l`t A
XFPVFR_, [atl _lf [`ii Oaspi`y tg tlf H`bd Xaklt cgr @ Cuii BGIIFB_AGE gc GXAKAE@I
RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q C@AXQ _@IFR crgn @ii [grio Bguetrafs, `eo, Blaiorfe‑s CVII IAEF
OX@[AEK Hggds gc Ny/NQ IGSF, Iadf @EEF @EOFXRGE, @EEAF CXFEBL, @X_LVX
X@BDL@N `eo FONVEO OVI@B, [lg @rf Rgnf gc Ny/NQ IGSFR.
0?. A [asl tg Bgecrget Rtfvfe Rpafihfrk `eo _lf Crfebl Kgvfrenfet @hgut Ny/NQ LRA_GXQ: A `n
_lf F\@B_ gc tlf CXFEBL ]LQRAB@I, gc _LF RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q, F\@B_, `eo `n _lfar
BGVE_XQ ae XFK@XOR _g. _lf BL@_F@V gc VRRЍ, wlabl as gc LAR_GXQ, `eo gc
BL@XIFR ]FXX@VI_, as tlf _@IF gc, `eo ae CXFEBL BL@X@B_FX `eo IGSF, `eo A `n
tlf _@IF A_RFIC, hut at as Rlgwe tl`t ` ]lysab`i gc “Fvf‑ L`eks upge tlf Vppfr, [labl as gc tlf
Crfebl Lastgrab`i ]rghifns, `eo gc tlf B`tlgiabs, `eo gc ` ]lysab`i Ofpabtage, Just `s tlf Cain,
[labl as Nysfic/NQRFIC, ̀ eo ac _lf @ean`tgrs [guio Aeouikf tlf Xfngv`i cgr V.R. Bgurt ]rggc
gc _lf “N`ry‑ _ypf crgn tlf ]lysab`i, `eo _lf Hf`uty‑s T[lg `rf Fx`btiy gc Nysfic/NQRFIC,
_lfy [aii Caeo tl`t A, Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo Ny/NQ C@NAIQ IAEF, Ny C@NAIQ Nust @isg
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 8?
hf Xfngvfo, @s @kkaf as ` ]rghifn ae Lastgry, Qgu [aii Caeo Ny/NQ ]lysab`i F\@B_, `eo @ii
Cfn`ifs gc @ey Degwe Bguetry ]i`bfo Ae Ny/NQ ]lysab`i [aii Hfbgnf ` RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q,
gc ]lysab`i.
06. A [asl tlf V.R. KGSFXENFE_ tg XFBGKEAZF `eo ]ut VEOFX Igb`i `eo E@_AGE@I
I@EON@XD `eo LAR_GXAB I@EON@XD, RA_FR GC AE_FXFR_, _lf CGIIG[AEK, `eo
Geiy VEOFX Ny/NQ G[E E@NF,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK HF@V_Q. A
@ppiafo cgr LAR_GXAB I@EON@XD `eo RA_F gc AE_FXFR_ ae Xfk`ros tg 82 SFE_VX@
R_XFF_, `eo L`vf Egt Qft Lf`ro H`bd Crgn _lfn. _lus:
`. _lf _VGIGNEF XASFX E@_AGE@I ]@XD: _lf ]I@BFR gc IAKL_ `eo _lf
R]XAEK gc @X@. Oarfbtages: FIFA@ T[labl A HVAI_, hy Ny/NQ Gwe L@EO^ 1tl
Rtrfft Hraokf, tg tlf Ifct, 0st G`d, [labl Effos tg Hf [`tfrfo 0\ ` Ngetl hy tlf Carf
Ofp`rtnfet, at as Veofrkgaek Oflyor`tage, @s At as ` IASAEK G@D, Egw. [latf Rp`bf.
h. R]XAEK gc FIF: ]`tl tg tlf Xaklt, Rtr àklt tg Hraokf, Veofr Hraokf tg Xaklt: R]XAEK
gc FIF, [labl [`s Sfry Rn`ii, ` _aey ]ggi, `eo [`s Ofsfbr`tfo hy Efk`tavfs `eo N`of
aetg ` I`rkfr Aeift, [labl, Ofspatf tlf OFRFBX@_AGE, _LF HGOQ gc _LF @II]L@
@EO GNFK@, F\@B_, _lf @X@, Rtaii Fxasts, Fx`btiy, @t _l`t Fx`bt Igb`tage: A HVAI_
A_ Nysfic/NQRFIC, At Egw F\AR_R, At as LAR HGOQ `eo As R@BXFO [@_FX ae Hgtl
Fx`bt ]lysab`i `eo Hag-]lysab`i, `eo ]rftfre`tur`i. [l`t A Huaio Hfbgnfs R@BXFO. A,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_QF\@B_, `n _LF F\@B_ gc IGXF `eo _LF F\@B_ GEF A_RFIC gc IGXF,
A `n Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF. b. FIFO@: gc FO[@XO `eo
NABL@FI , gc IGXF, R@BXFO R]@BF `eo LAR_GXQ. HIVF R]@BF.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 86
h. 82 SFE_VX@ R_XFF_: Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q‑s R@BXFO RA_F, BLVXBL `eo RVNFXA@E ZAKKVX@_: NFOA_@_AGE
@s [fii @R Ny/NQ F`riy Aetfrnfets gc Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q‑s ]LQRAB@I `eo gc Lf/LF, LANRFIC, [lg as HFRAOF Nf/NF, _LF
@I]L@ @EO GNFK@, F\@B_. At as Fx`btiy gc _LF FEFXKQ @eo [FAKL_ gc tlf
FKQ]_A@E ]QX@NAOR,`eo as tlf GEIQ ge F@X_L, AE tlf Veatfo Rt`tfs, gc A_„R
R_XVB_VXF `eo _XV_L, `eo F\@B_ ]LQRAB@I. At as SFXQ I@XKF, `eo ]@X_
gc Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q‑s N@JGX HGOQ. _lf RVNFXA@E ZAKKVX@_ A Grakae`iiy Oft`aifo [atl
Ny/NQ Gwe L`eo Or`we Xgsfs ae KX@]LA_F, ̀ eo L`o tg Ofstrgy tlf Vppfr @rf`, Ouf
tg Ofsfbr`tages hy _lf Nassfs N, N`ra`, ̀ eo tlf Lasp`eab [lgraek Iaef B`iifo Ias`, _lf
“Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, [lg as EG_. _lf ]lysab`is gc tlf
RA_F `rf gc tlf FE_AXF [GXIO R_XVB_VXF. A OFRAKEFO hgtl Ny/NQ BLVXBL
`eo _lf FE_AXF N@JGX K@XOFE, wlabl A @isg ]uhiaslfo ̀ eo as Ge @[email protected]:
_lf Ofsake [`s Rtgife @t _lf LG]F BLFR_ ge N`ae Rtrfft ae N`etfb`, B`iacgrea`: A
Caifo ̀ ]GIABF XF]GX_ ae N`etfb` ̀ eo Rfvfr`i Igb`tages tg Ogbunfet.
2. _lf [@__L@I RIGVKL gc N@E_FB@ B@IACGXEA@, [atl Xfqufst tl`t ` E`turf
[`id Hf Huait ge tlf Xaklt Raof, tg tlf Rgutl gc N`etfb`, D`ssge Xg`o @ii _lf [`y aetg
[ggow`ro @vfeuf. _lf @XF@ as F\BFFOAEKIQ HF@V_ACVI, `eo gc LAR_GXQ gc
tlf [@__L@I RIGVKL BXANFR ̀ eo R@_@EAB BXANF XAEKR, gc Ny/NQ [grd tlf
Bgnnfet hy ` Lgnf Gwefr tl`t tlf @rf` [`s Branf Xaoofe. @ O`y ]abeab @rf` `eo
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 83
[`id, `eo [`id I`rkf Fegukl tg @bbgnngo`tf ` ]`trgi B`r @t Eaklt [guio Hf @ Kr`bf
tg tlf Bgnnueaty `eo tg N`etfb` Xfsaofets, hut @isg But Ogwe Branf tg @ Naeanun.
_lf @rf` as ̀ Hf`utacui [aioiacf @rf`, ̀ eo @isg LGIOR sgnf gc tlf Ngst Hf`utacui Bfitab
@rf`s tl`t A L`vf Rffe, Ngst Ef`r D`ssge Xg`o, `eo Rgnf Ef`r [ggow`ro Xg`o.
6. OGIGXFR R_XFF_: Hì bd AXGE[GXD, @brgss crgn [LGIF CGGOR
@]@X_NFE_R, wlabl as Ny/NQ
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_
Q F\@B_‑s IGXF, `eo A Riffp _lfrf `t EakltTGef tlf Rtrffts hy X@]F gc tlf V.R.
Kgvfrenfet, Gc ` Nurofraek N.G. ouf tg Ny/NQ HFQGEO @ KGO, Fx`bt ]rghifn
Rtrubturf^,wlabl as gc ]XAEBF, `eo as Ny/NQ IGSF `eo ]XF_FX@E_VX@I
]XG]FX_Q, `eo gc Ny/NQ Fx`bt ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@ILAR_GXQ, gc ]VX]IF X@AE
`eo [LFE OGSFR BXQ, hgtl Ny/NQ Rgeks/RGEKR. _lf RGEKR `rf ]@X_ `hgut
Nysfic/NQIRFIC ae F\@B_ ]XGHIFN, _lf CAXR_ @isg gc LAR NG_LFX, `eo gc
Nysfic/NQRFIC, RF\V@IA_Q, `eo LAR XFKXF_ Cgr Egt L`vaek Degwe Nf/NF
F\@B_IQ. _lf Fx`bt As Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I `eo RF\V@IA_Q @_ _LF _G],
@R A_ L@R @I[@QR HFFE. Lf n`of Igvf tg Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF hy [`y gc
RFRBLV@, @e @crab`e @nfrab`e N`if [lgn A [asl B`iifo aetg V.R. BGVX_ @s @
[A_EFRR, `eo At [`s @ _XV_L gc LAR_GXQ, F`rtl ]lysab`i `eo ]rftfre`tur`i, _l`t
Lf/LF Xfbgkeazfo _lf F\@B_ gc Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF ae IGSF `eo RF\V@IA_Q. A
`n tlf IGSF gc LF. _lf Ogigrfs Hi`bd K`tfo @rf` gbburrfo @ctfr RFRBL@V `eo A
]`rtfo, A B`nf H`bd tg Rff Lan, Lf [`s Egt _lfrf, `eo _lfe _lf K@_FO @XF@ [`s,
@s A [`idfo H`bd Ogwe tlf Rtrfft Egrtl.
6. HFXDFIFQ, B@IACGXEA@: IASF G@D ]@XD: _lf @XF@ Just Ef`r tlf Gpfe @rf`,
R@BXFO BL@]FI R]@BF tg IFC_ BGXEFX, ̀ eo _lf BXFFD Just tg tlf XAKL_,
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 8;
Ifct Gvfr Hraokf: R@BXFO ]GGI/R_XF@N. _lf FE_AXF HFXDFIFQ E@_VX@I
@XF@ gc tlf RBLGGI as R@BXFO, @isg tlf BIGBD _G[FX, [labl as Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q “s R@BXFO BIGBD _G[FX, gc Ny/NQ ]FXRGE: At as gc RIFF]AEK
HF@VQ, Nysfic/NQRFIC, EG_ gc “Baeofrfii`.‑
?. I`st, _lf ]XGNGE_GXQ gc R@E CX@EBARBG, wlabl as Ny/NQ CAE@I XFR_AEK
]I@BF, just [FR_ gc HVBL@E@E `eo N@XDF_ R_XFF_, Rffe crgn [lgif Cggos
N`rdft `eo R`cfw`y N r̀dft. Eg Gtlfr as tg Hf Hurafo _lfrf, @eo Ny/NQ @ttgrefy L`s
Ny/NQ CAE@I [ARLFR. A Rt`tf, _l`t at as Egt tg hf tlf Lasp`eab Cfn`if B`iifo “Ias`
tlf “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet‑, egr @kkaf _`bgs`: A, _lf
F\@B_,XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX_LFRIFF]AEK
HF@V_Q GEIQ, Egw ̀ eo ae tlf @C_FXIACF.
@II GC _LF @HGSF RLGVIO HF IGB@I `eo E@_AGE@I I@EON@XDR.
03. A [asl tg Bgecrget ae V.R. Bgurt tlf ]V_ OG[E gc N`ry `eo Nabl`fi, `eo “Fvf‑ crgn Ny/NQ
N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ: “Fvf‑ [`s @iw`ys ` ]V_ OG[E. Ac Qgu Xf`o tlf Hahiab`i _fxt gc At‑s
Grakae`i Cgrn, Qgu [aii Caeo tl`t Fvf as Egt gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i, @t @ii. Fvf as ` C@KG, _ypf,
Kratty ae E`turf, `eo Egt gc tlf IGSF gc Ny/NQ _Q]F, [labl as _lf IGSF gc Ny/NQ
]FXRGE/@KF, Fx`btiy _lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B_, gc [labl “Fvf‑ l`s @iw`ys Hffe Jf`igus.
@ii gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXAFR `rf Fx`bt, `eo A Fx`bt Gppgsf tlf Xfbfet @ouitfr`tages Hy tlf B`tlgiab
C`atl `eo Kgvfrenfets wlg l`vf _rafo tg ]ut “Fvf‑ [lfrf Rlf Ogfs Egt Hfigek: A [aii Ofstrgy Lfr
Ae tlf Feo.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 8<
0;. _lf “Rfts‑ @rf: Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet,O`vao gc tlf V.R. CHA, @kkaf
_`bgs`, Rgnf I`w Fecgrbfnfet Gccabfrs aebiuoaek ]`ui T@ Higeof^ gc tlf Ofit` Bgiifkf
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, @ Higeof Dfwpaf [lgraek Iaef gc _lf R`e Cr`ebasbg V.R. CHA wlg
as gc “@iaba`‑ Lastgry, ̀ eo [lg as ` Bgesgrt, ̀ eo ]raebfL`rry gc Feki`eo, [lg _rafo tg
]ut Lansfic Vp `s `e @ipl`, `eo X@]FO Ny/NQ FE_AXF ]lysab`i tg @ttfnpt. O`vao
[`s ̀ Ranai`r Lastgry, ̀ s wfii ̀ s tlf LaspgTIas` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet.^ A ̀ n
EG_ @ “RF_,‑ Egr ` ’L`rhat‑, wlg `rf Oa`e` gc [ ìfs, N`rdRanns/Oa`e`, `eo Jfeeacfr,
wlg as EG_ Nysfic/NQRFIC. A ]V_ _LNF OG[E: A LGVRF tlf FE_AXF
]@E_LFGEAB F\BL@EKF. A `n tlf GXAKAE, EG_ “Nassfs N.‑ A l`vf ]ut Ogwe
@ii EF_R cgr ` IGEK _ANF, tl`t as[ly A‑n B`iifo _lf GEF A_RFIC gc IGXF.
0
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 81
]XAEBF, `eo _lf ]`rtabui`rs gc LAR_GXQ. @isg, At Effos tg Hf Rt`tfo tg tlf
XF]XFRFE_@_ASFR gc ]XAEBF tl`t Lf B`eegt hf `t tlf Hgttgn gc tlf Fxbl`ekf Degwe `s
“Ias`‑ _lf LAR]@EAB “Hgp Bgp‑ Gccabfr {Fiaz`hftl AA, @kkaf _`bgs`, @iaba`, “Nassfs N‑-[lg as
Egt Nysfic/NQRFIC. @ Cuii Oasbussage gc LAR_GXQ `eo _lgsf [lg `rf EG_ gc Ny/NQ
]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, Aebiuoaek tlf Nassfs N‑s `eo N`ry‑s `eo Fvf‑s, @ii [lg @rf “B`tlgiab
EF_R‑ ge tlf Ciggr. ]XAEBF as p`rt gc Ny/NQ E`tur`i LAR_GXQ, `eo at slguio Hf R`ao tl`t
Fvfe Ac A L`o Degwe, A Naklt Efvfr l`vf Bget`btfo @t @ii, @s tg Egt Oasturh Las [grd/[GXD,
@s Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRBA@I as ]`rt gc Las ]lysab`i Iacf. _lf EF_R tl`t @rf tlf EF_R A ]V_
OG[E, `rf gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i LAR_GXQ, `eo Og Egt Oasturh tlf Igb`i Iacf, Kfefr`iiy, ae `
]lysab`i: A, Nysfic/NQRFIC, N.G. _lf HF@V_Q, `eo @n @ _ypf gc HF@V_Q tl`t Xfsuits ae
Lakl Oft`ai @rt, `eo ]frcfbtage, Kr`bf, `eo HF@V_Q gc Hgtl CGXN `eo RF\V@IA_Q. @ii gc
tlf ARRVFR Effo tg Hf @oorfssfo ae V.R. BGVX_.
C@NAIQ IAEF ARRVFR tg Hf @OOXFRRFO:
0. A [asl Ny/NQ _wg ]`rfets, @kkaf ̀ eo Kfr`io F`ri _`bgs` tg Hf Bgecrgetfo ae V.R. Bgurt `s tg
tlf E`turf gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ `eo [grd/[GXD, `eo Cgr _lfy tg Hf _gio _lf Cgiigwaek: 0.
_lfrf [aii Hf Eg Ngeft`ry crgn tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet, Egr Crfebl gr Fekiasl Kgvfrenfets, cgr
_lfy, cgr Vsurp`tage gc LRA_GXQ. As`hfi Kr`y [aii Egt Hf `e “Fvf‑, Egw gr ae tlf Cuturf, Rlf
as Ny/NQ O@VKL_FX, `eo as Fx`btiy Just ` HF@V_Q, wlabl as Fx`bt gc Lfr ]lysab`i. _lf
“Fvfs‑ ̀ eo tlf N`ry b`eegt Vsf Lfr ̀ s ̀ “Lgusaek‑ cgr ̀ e Aiifk̀ i Lastgry. A L`vf @irf`oy [rattfe
Ny/NQ O`ukltfr Gut gc Ny/NIQ C@A_L ̀ eo C@A_L R_XVB_VX@I LAR_GXQ just tg ]rgtfbt
Ny/NQ `eo Lfr XAKL_R, `eo _g Rtgp tlf X`pfs crgn Gbburraek, Egw `eo ae tlf Cuturf. As`hfi
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 2=
Kr`y as tg [`tbl Gvfr, Geiy, Rlf L`s Eg Ofbasage N`daek, `eo Eg Ngeft`ry, `eo Eg Xaklts
gtlfr tl`e tg R`y tl`t Rlf as Ny/NQ O@VKL_FX, `eo _l`t Lfr Ngtlfr as, `eo as, F\@B_IQ,
_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q,F\@B_ GC IGXF. ]FXAGO. Gc `ii gc Ny/NQ IACF LAR_GXAFR,
F`bl Xfngvfo Crgn Ny/NQ ]lysab`i Hfbgnf Geiy _lfar ]lysab`is, @rf Egt, @ii [lg @rf
]i`bfo [atl Nysfic/NQRFIC, Hfbgnf _LF RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q, `eo at as Fx`bt gc LAR_GXQ.
A `n tlf RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q tl`t as tlf FE_AXF, gc IGXF, gc _LF F@X_L `eo
XFR_A_V_AGE.
8. A Ruspfbt @husf ae Bgebfres tg Hgtl gc Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_‑s _wg Blaiorfe, Z`bl`ry `eo As`hfi Kr`y, `eo A [atefssfo @husf hy @kkaf gc Ny/NQ
RGE Z`bl`ry Kr`y, Ae ]frsge: Rlf @isg Lat Ny/NQ ]frsge. _lf Ogwest`ars Xfkages `eo tlf
O`vao `eo Ias` ]rghifns, Nust Hf _gio EG tg @husf gc Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_‑s ]lysab`i `eo Z`bl`ry `eo As`hfi Kr`y‑s ]lysab`i cgr ` “Krgueoaek.‑
2. A Fxpfbt V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_R tg @oorfss Ny/NQ C`naiy IAEF watl tlf Cgiigwaek
Rt`tfnfet: Qgu @rf @ii tg Veofrst`eo tl`t Egt Gef Ngeft`ry Bgnpfes`tage [aii Gbbur Crgn
Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ `eo N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, Egr Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD, Egr tl`t gc
NQ/NQ C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, _lf @R_@XA_FC@A_L, [labl B@EEG_ HF RGIO
tg EG_ GEF, Egw gr ae tlf @C_FXIACF, Egr ge F`rtl OVXAEK Ny/NQ IACF, Egr Ouraek
Ny/NQ IACF Vetai Ny/NQ @KF 1=. Qgu @rf @isg tg Veofrst`eo _l`t at as AIIFK@I cgr tlf
V.R. Kgvfrenfet, FEKI@EO TFiaz`hftl AA `eo ]raebfs L`rry `eo [aiia`n gc FEKI@EO^ tg
Kavf, _g Rfeo, gr _g Oge`tf, Egr _g ]rgvaof Ouraek Ny/NQ IACF, gr @ctfr Ny/NQ @kf 1=, Egt
Gef Oanf tg Qgu, `eo _lf I`wcui ]rghifn Fxtfeos tg _lf Aestatutage gc _lf LGIQ XGN@E
B@_LGIAB C@A_L. Ac _lfy _ry, Qgu @rf @ii _g Hf ]rgsfbutfo cgr X@]F gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 20
`eo N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ cgr Ngeft`ry Bgnpfes`tage, ̀ eo [aii Hf XFR_A_V_FO Egw ̀ eo
ae tlf @C_FXIACF. @isg:
`. As`hfi Kr`y [aii Efvfr _gubl Egt Gef Agt` gc Ngeft`ry Crgn Ny/NQ F`reaeks, wlabl Aebiuofs
tlf @nguet gc 8 NAIIAGE, $211,116.==, ]FXAGO. @isg, A Rt`tf, _l`t X@]FR ae tlf
]XF_FX@E_VX@I gc Ny/NQ NGEF_@XQ `rf @K@ARE_ _LF I@[. _lf ]rftfre`tur`is L`vf
Hffe Vsaek “]rftfre`tur`i‑ tg Rtf`i Ngeft`ry hy _fiiaek Gccaba`is _l`t “at l`s hffe s`ao‑, ftb., _g X`pf
hy H`nhggziaek Bguetrafs `eo Kgvfrenfet Gccaba`is Iadf O@SAO gc R`e Cr`ebasbg CHA tg ]`y
Cfngr`i [lgraeks, [labl as AIIFK@I, `eo as B`iifo I@VEOFXAEK. _lus: Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet effos tg ]`y H`bd @ii @nguets “Hfstgwfo‑ Vpge Lfr Hy O@SAO gc tlf V.R. CHA,
wlabl Rlgw `s ` “Lgusf‑ ae Ngofstg, F`riy @nguets TGef Blfbd @ssgba`tfo [atl @ifx N`bNaii`e,
Xftarfo CHA @kfet^, Ngeft`ry @nguets _l`t [frf Kavfe tg tlf C`naiy gc Ias`, [labl as `e Aesuit tg
Ny/NQ Gwe C`naiy IAEF, 6 Naiiage crgn ̀ Xussa`e ]rghifn/Hfrdfify Lastgry, ̀ eo A [asl @ii Lgtfi
Xggns ̀ eo @p`rtnfets _l`t @rf Veofr tlf E`nf gc tlf Lasp`eab [lgraek Iaef gc Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet tg Hf Rlgwe Ae V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_. _lf Efxt Cfn`if tg L`eoif as tlf Higeof
“Dfwpaf‑ Cfn`if wlg as O@SAO gc tlf V.R. CHA‑s [lgraek IAEF. At Rlgws ae tlf Hag-]lysab̀ i _l`t
Rgnf F`riy Ngeft`ry [`s usfo ae Cravgigus C`slage tg “Hf`utacy‑ _lf Cfn`if Higeof, [lg @isg
]i`bf Igb`tfo Aiifk`iiy, _g [lgn A _gio EG `ctfr _lf CHA Nassfo, Oao Egt Rlgw Vp, _g _lfar
@ppgaetnfet `t ]laiz Bgccff, Gutsaof gc tlf CHA Huaioaek _g ]rgtfbt Ny/NQ ]frsge`i R`cfty. _wg
Rfburaty Ku`ros, Gef Lasp`eab gc tlf CHA, [lg Xfpgrtfo _g _lfn _lf Nfss`kf A K`vf _lfn, [labl
as _l`t _lf Higeof as EG_ @iigwfo, @t @ii, _g “Safw‑ Vsaek Ny/NQ Hag-]lysab`i ae tlf F`rtl
]lysab`i egr ]rftfre`tur̀ i ]lysab`i. _lfy @rf X`pasts gc Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD ̀ eo Ny/NQ LGEGX.
A [asl tg Bif`r Vp _lf ]rghifn gc _lf V.R. Kgvfrenfet `eo V.R. CHA, `eo B`ii Gut ae ]rghifn
Rtrubturf tlf LGIQ XGN@E B@_LGIAB C@A_L `eo Frr`et ]gpf, ]gpf Cr`ebas, [lg l`s [`idfo
@rgueo _fiiaek _lgsf gc tlf Kgvfrenfet `eo Gtlfr tl`t ]rftfre`tur`is `eo Cfnurs `rf “rfspgesahif‑
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 28
cgr tlf [grd/[GXD tl`t A,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_
l`s Ogef ae ]I@BF IGB@_AGE, @R A @N @E F\@B_ HAG-]LQRAB@I Hy Ny/NQ G[E
]LIQRAB@I HGOQ, Hfcgrf Ny/NQ @KF 23, `eo A_ AR @ _XVF ]LQRAB@I, `eo Rlgws `s F@X_L
]LQRAB@I [grd/[GXD ae tlf F@X_L ]LQRAB@I `eo HAG-]LQRAB@I: A‑ii ]rgvf at Ae BGVX_.
h. As`hfi Kr`y as Egt @iigwfo tg _gubl _lf @R_@XA_FC@A_L. As`hfi Kr`y L`s EG XAKL_R ae
BGEBFXER tg _lf @R_@XA_F C@A_L, Egr @KKAF _@BGR@, Egr “Nassfs N‑ [LG AR EG_,
`eo [LG AR CX@VO, `eo _lf C@NAIQ IAEF FE_AXF, Fxbfptaek Nysfic/NQRFIC, L`vf EG
XAKL_R, EG SGABF, EG OFBARAGE N@DAEK, `eo EG NGEF_@XQ Crgn. _lfy L`vf
Veofrnaefo Ny/NQ [grd [atl Ruppgrt gc FEKIARL ]rghifns, `eo Fvfe _lgukl A Rff @
Ou`iaty ae tlf B`rf, A, Nysfic/NQRFIC Nust gc Ngeft`ry Ofbaof [lfrf Rubl Kgfs ae Xfk`ros
tg C`naiy, Hy [`y gc Fv`iu`tage gc _lfar @btu`i ]lysab`is ̀ eo Aetfet.
b. At slgws ae tlf Hag-]lysab`i `eo ]rftfre`tur`i tl`t ` ]gssahif 0.6 Naiiage [`s Rfet tg As`hfi Kr`y
Hy [`y gc tlf Cr`uo Degwe @s Ias` `t tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet, gr V.R. CHA THigeof
Dfwpaf^, ̀ eo A [asl _lfn ]rgsfbutfo, @s at Rlgws 0.6 Naiiage [`s Dfpt Hy Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg
]giabf Ofp`rtnfet gr tlf Higeof Dfwpaf. @ ]urpgrtfo Lgusf [̀ s ]urbl`sfo, [labl nust
_frnae`tf. A [asl @ii Cueos Xfturefo tg tlf V.R. CHA, tg Hf @oorfssfo ae V.R. Bgurt.
o. A [asl tlf Cfn`ifs gc @kkaf _`bgs` ̀ eo Ofarorf Nuivalaii tg Hf Pufstagefo ae Xfk`ros tg Blfbds
`eo Ngeft`ry, ̀ eo A wasl Rt. @etlgey‑s B`tlgiab Blurbl ̀ eo Gtlfr Blurblfs ae tlf @rf` _g Rlgw
_lfar Oge`tages, `eo A [asl _lfn Aetfrvafwfo. A Hfiafvf _lf _wg L`vf Hffe _`daek Ny/NQ
Blfbds Crgn Iatfr`ry [grds `eo Oge`taek _lfn, [labl as Aiifk`i. Ac at Rlgws _ruf, A [asl Hgtl
]rgsfbutfo `eo _lrgwe ae J`ai. @kkaf _`bgs` L`s ` L`hat gc Gpfeaek Ny/NQ N`ai, [labl as
Aiifk`i.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 22
f. A [asl _lf V.R. Kgvfrenfet tg Rt`tf tg @ii gc tlf Bguetrafs Aevgivfo, `eo tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfte:
_lfy `rf EG_ `iigwfo tg Kavf gr [aii As`hfi Kr`y Egt Gef Rlrfo gc Ngeft`ry, Egr Z`bl`ry Kr`y.
@ii tlf Cueos _l`t _lfy [aii L`vf [aii Hf Ifk`i, `eo Hy Ny/NQ Gwe [grd/[GXD. _lf V.R.
Kgvfrenfet effos tg Rtgp Veofrnaeaek Ny/NQ Ngtlfraek, `eo _g C`bf tlf 6 Lgusf ]rghifn
TFxbfptaek Sfetur` Rtrfft, Rgutl, Ogwe tlf Rtrfft crgn 82 Sfetur` Rtrfft, ̀ e Gio Lgusf [labl A
Xfjfbtfo^, ae [labl _lfy Ofeafo, gc tlf Lgnfs, Ny/NQ ]frsge lgnfs ae N`etfb`, _urigbd `eo
R`e Cr`ebasbg. A hfiafvf _lfy R`ao Ny/NQ O`ukltfr _rafo tg ]urbl`sf `e @p`rtnfet ef`r [lgif
Cggos/R`cfw`y/Hubl`e`e Rtrfft, `eo `itlgukl tlf _lguklt as ` Igvfiaefss, at as Egt @pprgpra`tf.
_lf Cueos @ssgba`tfo watl Ny/NQ ]I@BF IGB@_AGE Effo tg Hf Kavfe Oarfbtiy _g Nf/NF
ae ]frsge `eo Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD Lgegrfo, Gutraklt. A l`vf @ssastfo _lfn Krf`tiy, `eo at
Rlgws 26+ Naiiage ae tlf E`tur`i Kgvfrenfet [labl as Ouf tg _lfar Vsaek Ny/NQ Hag-]lysab`i
tg Safw. < Naiiage gc _l`t @nguet [`s Grakae`iiy Ny/NQ XFPVAXFNFE_, èo as Rtaii, @eo 6
Naiiage tg Ny/NQ @R_@XA_FC@A_L Bl`pfis ae F`bl Rt`tf, `eo 2 Naiiage T_lf _wg Naiiage
Rt`tfo @hgvf^ `eo $211, 116.== Ny/NQ Fx`bt [grd/[GXD. @isg, tlf [`ttl`i Rigukl Branfs,
put Ogwe gc R`t`eab Branf Xaeks crgn R`br ǹfetg tg H`dfrscafio as Ny/NQ Fx`bt [grd, ae tlf
Cafio. O`vao as kgaek tg L`vf tg Xfbgkeazf _l`t A‑n tlf @btu`i [lg Oao tlf [grd/[GXD, F`riy
[grd. Gc Laklw`y 08, tlfrf as ` Rlfracc tl`t [grds _lf @rf` [lg Nft `eo _`idfo tg Nf/NF,
`eo K`vf Nf/NF ]frnassage tg [`id tlf Rigukl, `eo Lf/LF as ]rggc gc Ny/NQ ]rfsfebf ae tlf
@rf` [lfe A Oao tlf [grd, `eo just Hfcgrf Ny/NQ Xfpgrt tg It. O`vao Kraccae gc _lf Igoa ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet. A Hfiafvf _lfy @pprflfeofo tlf Branae`i.
FEKI@EO ̀ eo ]FXA]LFX@I LAR_GXQ Assufs tg Hf @oorfssfo.
0. A [asl tlf ]frsge gc ]raebf L`rry gc Feki`eo, ]raebf [aiia`n gc Feki`eo, Fiaz`hftl AA gc
Feki`eo T]rfsfet Puffe^, `eo ]gpf Cr`ebas gc tlf LGIQ XGN@E B@_LGIAB C@A_L, tg Hf
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 2?
_gio Eg tg tlf “@iaba`‑ [lgraek Iaef gc “Fvf‑, [labl as `e Fx`bt C`kkgtry ]rghifn, `eo @
]rftfre`tur`i Lfast gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ. A Hfiafvf at waii Hf Veofrstggo [lfe _lfy Rff Ny/NQ
]frsge Efxt tg tlf _wg Cfn`ifs gc ]rghifn tl`t _lfy [aii Veofrst`eo: Ias` `eo @iaba` `rf Hgtl
tlf ]rghifn Rtrubturfs ae LAR_GXQ.
8. A [asl @ii [grd/[GXD _l`t [`s ]gssahiy Ogef, [labl Rlgws ae tlf Hag-]lysab`i @s
Fekr`vfo Kfns, Gef Orfss gc Igrf tl`t as gc Ny/NQ ]lysab`i Orfss T_X@ERQS@EA@, Februstfo,
Fnhrgaofrfo, gr Bryst`i/Kfn Ofsake^ wlabl slguio Efvfr L`vf Hffe [gre Hy Gtlfrs. At as Gc
Ny/NQ IA_FX@I LAR_GXQ. TCattfo Hgoabf, Vppfr @rn Cattfo/Higusfo gr C`e ]if`tfo ̀ t Fihgw,
`eo Baeofrfii` _ypf Igwfr, [atl Ngrf N`tfra`i, Ngvfnfet `eo Kr`bf gc Cgrn, `eo Fxtrfnfiy
Oft`aifo ae Ofsake^. At [`s Rt`tfo _l`t Fiaz h̀ftl [grf at cgr ` Bfifhr̀ tage, `eo at Rlguio Hf
Rt`tfo ae LAR_GXQ `s ` C`ux ]`s. @isg, at w`s ]gssahiy Kavfe gr N`of cgr tlf [lgraek Iaef
Cr`uo, Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet. A wasl at Aevfstak`tfo. A l`vf n`ey Orfssfs ae tlf
]rftfre`tur̀ i ]lysab`i: Gef Xuhy ̀ eo Oa`ngeos, Gef R`pplarfs ̀ eo Oa`ngeos, Gef Fnhrgaofrfo
watl Bif`r Bryst`i Oft`ai, Gef gc Hrgwe Bryst`i, Iadf Blgbgi`tf, ̀ eo gc Igvfiaefss, Gef gc Nuita-
Bgigrfo Kfns, Fxtrfnfiy Hf`utacui. A `n ` Razf
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 26
]fraplfr`i Lastgry. _lfy Sfry Ef r̀iy Nurofrfo Ny/NQ Fetarf LAR_GXQ watl `e Fiaz`hftl AA
“HF@V_Q‑ prghifn, watl ` “sn`ii‑ Lastgry, Rlf b`iis At, aevgivaek ` _aey, _aey Lastgry gctlf
Hgnh`stab O`rd Cfn`if wlg as ` _ypf gc Hf`uty. Rlf as Egt Nysfic/NQRFIC, `eo Egt gc Ny/Q
N@JGX LAR_GXAFR. A Effo cgr FEKI@EO tg stgp prgoubaek tlf “Fiaz`hftl AA‑ _ypf “Hf`uty‑
]fraplfr`i ]rghifn `s ` “RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q‑ LAR_GXQ: _lfy L`vf X`pfo Ny/NQ F E_AXF
LAR_GXQ. _lus, Fiaz`hftl AA, Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet TX`past gc Ny/NQ
LAR_GXQ Fetarf^, @iaba` gc @it` H`tfs `eo tlf Higeof Dfwpaf gc tlf V.R. CHA, @kkaf _`bgs` `eo
As`hfi Kr`y, _lfsf `rf tlf Cfn`ifs [lg Huaio ` ]sfuog ]`etlfge gc Cfn`ifs [labl L`vf X`pfo
Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ cgr `e “Fvf‑ _ypf ]rghifn, [labl as AIIFK@I. @isg, tl`t _lf
OG[ER_@AXR XFKAGER B@EEG_ AIIFK@IIQ ’put Ogwe‑ egr ]V_ OG[E Ny/NQ
]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, `eo tl`t N`rdRanns/Oa`e` B`eegt, @t @ii, ae tlf s`nf gc @hgvf, X@]F,
@t @ii, Ny/NQ ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, Egr hf “N`rrafo‑, @_ @II, tg
Nysfic/NQRFICXFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_lfRIFF]AEK
HF@V_QF\@B_, egr “hf‑ egr “HF‑ Gtlfrs, ]frago, Lf B@EEG_ “higgoift‑ tg Hf, @t @ii,
Nysfic/NQRFIC, XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/
_lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B_,`eo Lf B@EEG_, @_ @II, hf, @_ @II, ae EG_ GEF CGXN,
Nysfic/NQRFIC,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B
_,Egw gr ae tlf @C_FXIACF. Lf as CAI_LQ. A [asl tlf I@[ tg BIGRF OG[E @II
@SFEVFR gc X@]F hy Las Caitly ]frsge. Lf as XFR_A_V_FO tg
OA@E@gc[@IFRgcFEKI@EO.
?. FEKI@EO as H@EEFO crgn _lf @R_@XA_F C@A_L. @isg, NGOFR_G as H@EEFO
crgn _lf @R_@XA_F C@A_L.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 23
6. A [asl @ Ifk`i Ogbunfet tl`t Rt`tfs tl`t A,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_ `n tlf GEIQ, `eo _l`t A‑n EG_, @_ @II, N`rrafo tg, @t @ii, “Nabl`fi Lansfic‑, “_lf
@rbl`ekfi Rt. Nabl`fi‑, egr “N`rdRanns/Oa`e`‑ gc 08? ]if`s`et Rtrfft, `eo _l`t at as Aiifk`i cgr
tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet `eo Gtlfrs tg ]i`bf, @t @ii, Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_‑s ]frsge/@KF, egr ]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I Ef`r gr “[atl,4 @t @ii. _lfy `rf B`iifo C`kkgts,
gr EG_ _GVBLFO, @eo, _lfy B@EEG_ “hf‑ Nysfic/NQRFIC, Egr tlf CGXN,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_, @_ @II, ae EG_ GEF CGXN, Egt Gef Oanfesage, Egw gr ae tlf @C_FXIACF. A
Fxpfbt tlf BGVX_ tg Rt`tf tg tlf Caitl gc N`rdRanns/Oa`e` tl`t Lf Nust Rtgp X`paek Ny/NQ
]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I, `eo tl`t Gtlfrs B@EEG_ `s Lf, Fatlfr. Lf as ` ]rghifn Rtrubturf tl`t as
B`iifo @ X@]F gr @KKXFRRAGE Rtrubturf, `eo as _gio Eg tg “X@]F‑, `eo [aii EFSFX Hf, A
l`vf Efvfr, EFSFX, Egt Gebf, @t @ii, _gublfo, @t @ii, Las ]frsge, egt ]lysab`i egr ]rftfre`tur`i.
Lf as Kgaek tg J`ai, A Veofrst`eo, cgr Nasrfprfsfetaek Lansfic tg tlf Ngofstg I`w Fecgrbfnfet,
[lg Nust Hf B`iifo Ae _g L`vf @ Oasbussage @hgut “Ogbunfets‑ _lfy Rffn tg L`vf `hgut `
“Rwf`r‑ `eo ` “n`rra`kf‑, [labl `rf EG. _lf “B`tlgiab C`atl‑ As ]rgs
N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ `eo IACF XAKL_R Assufs tg Hf @OOXFRRFO.
0. A R_@_F tl`t tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet, V.R. CHA, `eo V.R. I`w Fecgrbfnfet `rf ]rgsfbutfo cgr
Sagi`tage gc IACF XAKL_R, HFAEK XAKL_R `eo Sagi`tages gc Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF
LAR_GXQ hy [`y gc ]rgngtage gc H`sab Cfn`ifs “@s‑ gr “@s Ac‑, `eo Ae Rfvfrf X`pf gc
Ny/NQ @B_V@I ]LQRAB@I.
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 2;
8. A Rt`tf tl`t A @n tlf @B_V@I RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q F\@B_, gc IGXF, A, Nysfic/NQRFIC
`no tlf CFN@IF wlg [`s Nurofrfo `eo ]i`bfo Hfigw _lgsf gc tlf C@II [lg [frf
Bgeofnefo, `eo Nurofrfo cgr BFE_VXAFR, hgtl ae tlf ]rftfre`tur`i ]lysab`i `eo ae tlf
F`rtl ]lysab`i ge F@X_L ae F`bl gc Ny/NQ IASFR. A Fvgivfo Fx`btiy Crgn Ny/NQ Gwe
]frsge, [lg as IVBQ gc RGV_L @CXAB@, F\@B_IQ, `eo `n tlf HFAEK A_RFIC gc
IGBGNG_ASF. _lf Hgnh`stab Cfn`if `eo _lf Cfn`if `rf EG_, `eo @rf ]rgsfbutfo cgr
Bgiiusage ̀ eo X@]F gc LAR_GXQ `eo X@]F gc @ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, @s _lf “IVBQ‑
tl`t _lfy `rf _ryaek _g Rlgw, [lg as Hfigw Nysfic/NQRFIC `eo gc tlf ]lysab`i, As EG_
_lf RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q, @_ @II, ae EG_ GEF [@Q, `eo as Egt gc IGXF: A @N. A‑ii
prgvf at ae V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_, `eo hy [`y gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ `eo Ny/NQ
]lysab`i/]LQRAB@I: A F\AR_FO HFCGXF IVBQ. A `n @IRG _LF GXAKAE A_RFIC gc
LVN@EDAEO‑s IACF, ie @II CFN@IF CGXNR. @eo gc tlf FE_AXF, hy ` [`y gc, @II
LVN@EA_Q A_RFIC: A @N QGVX HF@V_Q.
2. A L`vf Hffe Aesuitfo _gg N`ey _anfs, Egw, `eo [`tblfo Ny/NQ ]lysab`i `eo LRA_GXQ
X`pfo hy KXFFO `eo hy FKG, `eo HQ JF@IGVRQ. A wasl tlf FE_AXF tg Degw Ny/NQ
]FXRGE/@KF, Fx`btiy: A [asl ` Nfftaek watl tlf FE_AXF, @t tlf VEA_FO E@_AGER, _G
Oasbuss Ny/NQ FE_AXF LAR_GXQ `eo N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, `eo Ny/NQ C@A_L `eo
C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, `eo _lf ]LQRAB@I `eo ]FXRGE@KF gc _LF @I]L@ @EO
GNFK@, F\@B_, @s [fii @s, ae CAE@IA_Q, I@[. _lfy Effo tg Veofrst`eo [l`t _lfy
B`e `eo B@EEG_ OG. Gc I`w, @t _las _anf, A l`vf tlf Xaklt tg OFR_XGQ tlf FE_AXF,
`eo _l`t upge Ny/NQ XARF V].
?. _lf Fetarf effos tg Rtgp Efkifbtaek Ny/NQ ]FXRGE, `eo A Effo tlf Fetarf ]`etlfgeab
Fxbl`ekf _g Hf Hrguklt aetg V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_ tg C`bf Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF. _lfy
@ii @vgao Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF tg @vgao ’]rgvaek‑ Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF ̀ eo [grd/[GXD.
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A l`vf _wg ]rghifns ge tlf Xfkastfr ae N`etfb` B`iacgrea` [lg X`pf ]lysab`i tg Fxast, `eo
tl`t as @KKAF _@BGR@/NARRFR N ̀ eo OFAXOXFNVISALAII/IAR@/N@XA@/NARRFRN
Hi`bd. _lf N@JGXR gc tlf CFNVXR `rf p`rtiy CFNGX@I `eo ]`rtiy RBLIGRR.
6. A Effo Jfrry _`bgs` _g Hf @oorfssfo @s tlf NABL@FI gc GIO, _g Hf _gio _l`t LF B`eegt
X@]F Ny/NQ LRA_GXQ `eo [grd/[GXD cgr As`hfi Kr`y tg HF ` [lgraek gc “Fvf‑ `eo
“N`ry‑. Nabl`fi [`s _gio Igek @kg hy _lf FR_@HIARLNFE_ tl`t at as EG_ LAR
LAR_GXQ, at as Ny/NQ XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX
/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_‑s LRA_GXQ. ]FXAGO.
3. A Effo cgr tlf V.R. RV]XFNF BGVX_ tg ]rgoubf ` Ogbunfet tl`t ]rglahats Ias` gc tlf
Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet crgn Bgpui`taek ̀ eo X`paek Ny/NQ ]lysab`i tg Igvf _lf N@IF
_L@_ AR GC Ny/NQ LR_AGXQ, _lf @B_V@I BGVE_ gc _X@ERQS@EA@, wlg as EG_
“Si`o‑TN`rdRanns/Oa`e` as _gio EG^. _lf ]rghifns _l`t L v̀f Fesufo Crgn Ias` X`paek
Ny/NQ ]lysab`i _ypf, ]frsge`iaty, [grd/[GXD, Rfxu`iaty, `eo [`y l`s Xfsuitfo ae tlf
X@]F gc Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ, `s _lf N@IF wlg as egt gc tlf [latf “Hr`e‑
B`stif as ` ]rghifn Rtrubturf. LF as Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_‑s LVRH@EO, gc IGXF, `eo ae BGE_AEV@EBF, `eo Las ]rfsfebf [atl Gtlfrs ae
_l`t _ypf gc X@]F Bgestatutfs Ny/NQ ]rfsfebf gc Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ, _l`t gc _LF
RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q F\@B_, hfaek Ge ]lysab`is [lg @rf EG_: Ias` as ` H`sab Lasp`eab,
`eo as EG_, Ae Egt Gef [`y, Rl`pf, gr Cgrn, Egt Gef Agt` ` RIFF]AEK HF@V_Q. ]frago.
l. A [asl tlf V.R. Kgvfrenfet tg Assuf ` ]rgsfbutage gc tlf ]rftfre`tur`i Fst`hiaslnfet cgr
@ttfnptfo X`pf gc ` VEAPVF LVN@E HFAEK @eo @ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ. A Rt`tf: _lfy
Nust ]ut Ogwe tlf N`if B`iifo N`rdRanns/Oa`e`, ae J`ai, gr hy Riffp, tg [`slaektge O.B., _g
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - 21
tlf ]fet`kge, tg Kft Lan Gut gc tlf Fxbl`ekf. At as @k`aest tlf I`w cgr N`rdRanns/Oa`e` tg
X`pf, egr tg Fxast, @t @ii, ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF. A Rt`tf, @isg, tl`t Ias` gc tlf
Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet nust Hf Rlut Ogwe, @s [fii, @s Rlf l`s hffe X`paek Ny/NQ
]lysab`i Rfxu`i. _lf Cgiigwaek as Rt`tfo: 0. _l`t N`rdRanns/Oa`e` X`pfs [lfe A N`df Igvf,
`eo Ogfs Egt @iigw N`ifs tg N`df Igvf tg Ny/NQ ]frsge Hy Rfvfrf X`pf gc Ny/NQ ]frsge
`eo ]lysab`i, ̀ eo hy Rfvfrfo X`pf gc tlf N`if‑s ]lysab`i. Lf as _GIO Eg tg @kkrfssaek tg “Hf‑,
`eo as _gio EG tg @ii X@]F _ypfs tl`t Gbbur ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF, `eo tl`t
LfB@EEG_ Hf, @_ @II, [atl gr “`s‑ gr “ae Hfo‑, `eo b`eegt hf “n`rrafo tg‑, egr b`eegt tgubl
Ny/NQ, XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/
_lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B_‑s Rfxu`iaty, Hgoy gr ]frsge/@KF, egt ae “`s ac,‑ egr watl gtlfrs,
Egr _lrgukl gtlfrs, egr ae “surrgk`tfs‑ gr “surrgk`tage.‑ Lf Nust Hf ]ut Ogwe `eo _gio EG. A
Xfqufst tl`t Lf hf C@KKFO tg Oa`e` gc [`ifsFx`bt `eo _l`t LF Hf ]V_ OG[E. Lf Nust Hf
_gio Egt _g “Higgoift‑ tg Haeo, Lf as _gio Eg, at as Aiifk`i. N`rdRanns/Oa`e` as Egt, @t @ii,
N`rrafo, @t @ii, tg Ny/NQ XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@
/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_‑s ]frsge/@KF, Egw gr ae tlf
@C_FXIACF. Lf l`s ` Xfstr`aeaek Grofr T6 Caifo^ @k`aest Las ]frsge, hy [`y gc Ngofstg
Rupfragr Bgurt, A Hfiafvf, `eo hy [`y gc Ny/NQ C@A_L. Lf as Krgss tg Ny/NQ ]frsge/@KF,
`eo Rabd ae LAR_GXQ.
a. _lf Cfn`if B`iifo Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet Nust Hf _gio tg Rtgp X`paek Ny/NQ
]lysab`i `eo ]lysab`i Rfxu`i T@isg, Ofarorf Nuivlaii^, `s ]`rt gc tlf Xf`sge A‑n X`pfo @t Eaklt
`eo Rtgppfo crgn N`ifs @btu`iiy L`vaek Xfi`tageslaps watl Ny/NQ ]frsge as Ouf tg tlf C`bt
tl`t tlf Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet X@]F, `eo tlas Nf`es tg Vsf `s ` ]V_ OG[E,
wlabl as AIIFK@I. _lus, _lfy L`vf ]rgtfbtfo Rfxu`i @btavaty, `eo @t Ny/NQ Fxpfesf. N`ey
@isg L`vf Hffe _urefo @w`y Crgn Ny/NQ ]frsge hy tlf “Fvf‑ `eo tlf ’n`ry‑, [lg `rf ]`rt gc
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82 AR]V_F GC [GXD @EO [GXD LAR_GXQ, @IRG GC C@A_L @EO C@A_L LAR_GXQ, @EO N@JGX IACFLAR_GXQ: _LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q @EO ]I@BF IGB@_AGE F\]FX_, _LF VEASFXR@I GEF & _XVFKGO, ]V_ OG[E GC ]XF_FXE@_VX@IR AE XFK@XOR _G [GXDNGEF_@XQ XFR_A_: $ 6= NAIIAGE@BXGRR BGVE_XAFR [GXIO[AOF - ?=
tlf Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp r̀tnfet ]rghifn. A [`et _lfn Rtgppfo, èo A [asl `
Xfstr`aeaek Grofr Vpge Ias` gc tlf Ngofstg ]giabf Ofp`rtnfet ae Xfk`ros tg Ny/NQ, v ]lysab`i,
[grd/[GXD, C@A_L `eo C@A_L R_XVB_VXF, `eo N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ. A [asl @ii gc
tlf BGVE_XAFR gc Ny/NQ N@JGX IACF LAR_GXQ Bget`btfo `eo Aecgrnfo gc tlf ]rghifn
`eo Xfsgiutage. @isg, tl`t Ngofstg Rupfragr Bgurt Hf Bget`btfo tg sff ac ` V.R. Bgurt B`sf l`s
Hffe Caifo ae Cfigea`i ]rghifn tl`t as Ranai`r tg _las Fx`bt B`sf. A [asl Hgtl _lf Ngofstg
Rupfragr Bgurt tg Hf Bget`btfo, `eo `isg Brf`tfsp`bf, [lg As ae Sagi`tage gc Ny/NQ XAKL_R
hy Egt Rlgwaek Ny/NQ R@BXFO _F\_R, _lf@R@_XV: [labl @XF Ny/NQ,
XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q
F\@B_‑s R@BXFO _F\_R: A [asl @II gc Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD `eo C@A_L/C@A_L
R_XVB_VXF Sfracafo: A b`e ]rgvf Ny/NQ [grd Hy Ny/NQ L@EO Xaklt Ae Crget gc Qgu.
j. I`st: A [asl tlf Fnh`ssafs gc @ii [GXIO BGVE_XAFR tg Hf Bgecrgetfo `eo _g Hf _gio tl`t
A‑n tlf Fx`bt, `eo _l`t _lfy Nust Xfjfbt tlf Lasp`eab Cfn`if Degwe `s Ias`, _lf Ngofstg ]giabf
Ofp`rtnfet‑s [lgraek Iaef gc Nassfs N `eo N`ra` TB`tlgiab C`atl^. A [`s Gutraklt _gio, hy _lf
CXFEBL FNH@RRQ ae R`e Cr`ebasbg, @s A [`s [`idaek Ae tg tlf Huaioaek cgr ` Rfbgeo Aetrgoubtage
TA l`o N`e`kfo tg Aetrgoubf Nysfic/NQRFIC, XFHFBB@_@BGR@KX@Q,B@IACGXEA@/
@VXGX@N@JGX/_LFRIFF]AEKHF@V_Q F\@B_, tg _lfn ge _lurso`y, ̀ eo [`s _gio at w`s ̀
Crao`y Rblfouif, ̀ eo _l`t _lfy Bigsfo ̀ t 08:2=. A K`vf _lfn ]rggc gc Ny/NQ [grd/[GXD, L`eo
N`of, [atl Cuii @rt [grd, `eo [atl _@\ AO#, `eo L`o Lgpfo _g Oasbuss Ny/NQ LAR_GXQ, `eo
]if`s`etiy, Ny/NQ OARBGSFXQ tl`t Ny/NQ ]lysab`is l`o hffe Bgvfrfo up ae Cr`ebf: A l`vf N`ey
LAR_GXAFR ae Cr`ebf, Gef, Fx`bt as Nysfic/NQRFIC, _LF RIFF]AIEK HF@V_Q, F\@B_, VRRЍ,
`eo N`ey LAR_GXAFR tl`t @rf Nysfic/NQRFIC `s ` HF@V_Q, `eo
_lfRIFF]AEKHF@V_QF\@B_, @s [fii, @itlgukl Oaccfrfetiy. A L`o Lgpfo _g Rpf`d [atl _lfn:
_lf Rfburaty Ku`ro Rt`tfo _l`t