The Polar Data LandscapePolar Data Activities, Models and Issues from Local to Global
Peter L. Pulsifer, NSIDC, GCRC Carleton UniversityCameron Wilson, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) Martha Paiz, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)
Objectives• Provideparticipantswithanoverview ofpolardataactivitiesandinitiativesatavarietyofscales
• Presentanumberofexamples ofdifferentmodelsandconsiderationsrelevanttoestablishingaCanadiancoordinationmodel
Architecture
• Therearemanywaystorepresentthesamething
• Weobserveageneralmoveawayfromacentralizedmodeltowardssystemsofsystemsapproach
…
PRJ 1
Information across [polar] scales and knowledge domains
xchange
xchange
xchange
xchagne
xchange
PRJ 3
PRJ 4
PRJ 5
Flow
Diagram. P.L. Pulsifer Systems and Scale
PRJ 2
Spacetime
dim.
The Data Ecosystem Metaphor
Samples of Existing Systems of Systems (ecosystems)
Unique Characteristics• Conditions:
– rapidchange– climate
• DataeconomiesofScale• Naturalresources• Desolateareas/smallpopulations
Principles• Leveragewhatalreadyexists
• Recognizingthat“theworld”hasdifferentdimensionsandscales
• Thinkingintermsofof“we”insteadof“I”tounderstandpossibilitiesforcollectiveeffort
Challenge/TaskforIndividualsandOrganizations
• Situatingyourselfwithinthe(eco)system(s)
• Identifying“myrole(s)”
Terminology • Cyberinfrastructure:SpatialDataInfrastructure(SDI)
– Architecture:infrastructure• Stakeholder:rightsholder• DataLandscape:dataecosystem• IndigenousKnowledge:traditionalknowledge:local
knowledge• Communitybasedmonitoring:community-driven
monitoring
Landscape: Global → Local
The Global Landscape • WMO• GEO• IHO• GOOS/IODE• RDA• WDS• CODATA• ISO,OGC
The Polar Landscape• ArcticDataCommittee• SCADM• SOOS• ArcticSDI• GCW• GEO-CRI• AC(WGs)• EU-PolarNet• OGC
National Landscapes
U.S. AON
The Canadian Landscape
CCADI• TheCanadianConsortiumforArcticDataInteroperability
(CCADI)• Composedofprivateandpublicpartners
– national– international
• emphasison:– (meta)datastandards– interoperability– existinginfrastructure
Federal Bodies• ECCC• POLAR• DFO• INAC• CSA• NRCan
FGPFederalGeospatialPlatform• SupportstheOpenGovernmentActionPlan
– Internalportal:FGP– Externalportal:OpenMaps
• ResultofFederalCommitteeonGeomaticsandEarthObservationandhorizontalalignmentwith21departments/agencies
• Providesarangeofdatarangingfromenvironmentaltosocioeconomic
• Goal:provideeasieraccesstogeospatialdata• MoredetailstofollowinpresentationfromDirectorDavidHarper
CGDICanadianGeographicDataInfrastructure• Collaborativepartnersinclude:
– Internaldepartment/division– Provincial/Territorialagencies– Municipalagencies– Federaldepartments– Internationalagencies
• Goal:enhancegeospatialdatainordertoimprovedecision-making
CGDI: Partners/Initiatives • OpenNorth
• NWTCentreforGeomatics
– Lightningtalk:“NorthernCanadaGeospatialInnovationCentreconcept”presentedbyKristineHirschkorn
• ArcticSDI
• Spatineo
• SensorUp
• CanadianCouncilonGeomatics
Web harvester• NRCanwantedanewapproachtomanagetheCanadianSDI• UsedaharvestingmethodinordertocreateacustomAPI
thatwould:– automaticallyidentifyrelevantCanadianArcticservices– collectexistingdatasources
• Outputresultedin1,618services(43968datalayers)– WMS,WFS,WMTS,andESRIMapServer
Arctic SDI• Collaborationbetween8national
mappingagencies
• Goal:standards-basedinfrastructurethatprovidesgeospatialdataabouttheArctic
• Implementationthroughportalandpilots
The Local Landscape
Highlight Slide: Inuit Qaujisarvingat
Highlight: ISR Traditional and Local Knowledge Catalogue
http://isrtlk.com/
Highlight Slide: Inuvialuit Settlement Region Platform
Changing Landscape
• Indigenouspeoplesandtheirorganizationsandlocalcommunitiesareincreasinglyfocusingonself-determinationanddatasovereignty– movingawayfromthe“pullmodel”
• Historyandcontextmatter
• Newmodelsareemergingandthiswillcontinuetohavemajorimplicationsforpolardataactivities
Frameworks for Collaboration
Interoperability• “Theabilityofcomputersystemsorsoftwareto
exchangeandmakeuseofinformation”– Oxforddictionarydefinition
• Technical: “focusesontechnicalaspects- dataexchangeformats,transmissionprotocols,etc.”– SDIManualfortheArctic
• Human:“focusesontheprocessesofinter-relationstoestablishasharedunderstanding”– UniversityofDefencedefinition
Interoperability• Technicalmaybeachievedthroughstandards• allowsforeaseof:
– Access– Datamanagement– Dissemination
• Ideaofcentralizationfor:– CloudtoCloud– APItoAPI– ServicetoService
Technical Mediators● Full standardization across
communities is difficult● Mediators can aggregate,
transform, re-distribute● Mediators use infrastructure
and can be developed and funded separately
● For example, brokering is emerging as a potential solution to some interoperability issues
Abstract “Stack”
Governance• Frascatiworkshopresult:
– “Keycurrentchallengesaresocialandorganizationalratherthantechnical:supportinghumannetworks,promotingstandards,andaligningpolicywithimplementation”
• Scale:acontinuumfromnocoordinationto“commandandcontrol”
• localvs.scientificvs.government– funding– drivers/influences– hierarchical;hubandspoke;peer-to-peer
Looking into the Future• Fieldofdataanalyticsisleadingtomachinelearninginvarious
forms:– Ontologydrivenneuro-linguisticprogram– Artificialintelligence– Cloudcomputing– webharvesting
Options• Governance
– Grassrootstocommandandcontrol– Actorsincludingproviders,users,funderstec.– Hubandspokevs.peertopeer
• Architecture/frameworks[Peteradd?graphic]– Standards– Documentanddownload– ServiceOrientedArchitecture– VirtualResearchEnvironments
Thank You!
Questions welcome
PeterCameronMartha
References ArcticSDI.(September,2016).SpatialDataInfrastructure(SDI)ManualfortheArctic(PDF).
Brown,A.HumanInteroperabilityandNet-CentricOperations (PDF).
Interoperability.(n.d.).InOxfordDictionaryonline.Retrievedfrom:https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/interoperability