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Project Time ManagementBased on PMBOK 5th Edition
Abdelrahman Sheta, PMP,ITIL
1PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Agenda 6.1 Plan Schedule
Management
6.2 Define Activities
6.3 Sequence Activities
6.4 Estimate Activity Resources
6.5 Estimate Activity Durations
6.6 Develop Schedule
6.7 Control Schedule2PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
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Project Time Management
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Includes the processes required to
accomplish timely completion of the project;
involved 7 processes used to in developing
time schedule
The schedule can have any format.
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6.1 Plan Schedule Management
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Establishing the policies, procedures, and
documentation for planning, developing,
managing, executing, and controlling the
project schedule.
The key benefit is to provide guidance and
direction on how the project schedule will
be managed.PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
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Plan Schedule Management: Inputs
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1. Project Management Plan
Scope baselines
Other Information
2. Project Charter
3. Enterprise Environmental Factors
4. Organization Process Assets
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Plan Schedule Management: T & T
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1. Expert Judgment
2. Analytical Techniques
3. Meetings
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Plan Schedule Management: Output
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1. Schedule Management Plan, includes but
not limited to:
Project Schedule Model Development
Level of accuracy
Rules of Performance Management
Reporting Formats
Process Description
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6.2 Define Activities
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Identify the specific actions to be performed to
produce the project deliverables
Activities provide a basis for estimating,
scheduling, executing and monitoring and
controlling the project work.
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Define
Activitie
s Data
Flow
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Define Activities: Inputs
15
1. Schedule Management Plan
2. Scope baselines
3. Enterprise Environmental Factors
4. Organizational Process Assets
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Define Activities: T & T
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1. Decomposition
2. Rolling Wave Planning
3. Expert Judgment
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Define Activities: Outputs
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1. Activity List: A list of all the activities that
will be performed on the project and a
description of each activity
2. Activity Attributes
3. Milestone List: A milestone is a significant
point or event in project.
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6.3 Sequence Activities
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The process of identifying and documenting
relationships among the project activities.
Lead/Lag time between activities should be
considered to support a realistic schedule.
Can be performed by a software or
manually.
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Sequence Activities: Inputs
21
1. Schedule Management Plan
2. Activity List
3. Activity Attributes
4. Milestone List
5. Project Scope Statement
6. Enterprise Environmental Factors
7. Organizational Process AssetsPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Sequence Activities: T & T
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1. Precedence Diagramming
The most common method of arranging the
project activities visually. Activities are put
in
boxes, called nodes,
and connected with
arrows (Activity on
Node).PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
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Sequence Activities: T & T
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2. Dependency Determination
• Mandatory Dependency: Hard logic
• Discretionary dependency:
preferred logic, preferential logic, or
soft logic.
• External dependencies
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Sequence Activities: T & T
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3. Applying Leads an Lags
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Sequence Activities: Outputs
26
1. Project Schedule Network Diagrams
2. Project Document Updates
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Exercise : Draw Network Diagram
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Activity Predecessor
A -
B A
C B, F
D C
E -
F E
G F
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Exercise
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Activity Predecessor
A -
B A
C B, F
D C
E -
F E
G F
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6.4 Estimate Activity Resources
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Estimate the type and quantities of
material, human resources, equipment,
or supplied required to perform each
activity.
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Estimate Activity Resources: Inputs
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1. Schedule Management Plan
2. Activity List
3. Activity Attributes
4. Resource Calendars
5. Risk Register
6. Activity Cost Estimates
7. Enterprise Environmental Factors
8. Organizational Process AssetsPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Estimate Activity Resources: T & T
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1. Expert Judgment
2. Alternatives Analysis
3. Published Estimating Data
4. Bottom-up Estimation
5. Project Management Software
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Estimate Activity Resources: Outputs
34
1. Activity Resource Requirements
2. Resource Breakdown Structure
3. Project Document Updates
PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Quiz
• “Determining the physical resources, quantities
• of each and when they would be used” is called
A. Resources Selection.
B. Resource leveling.
C. Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS).
D. Estimate Activity Resources.
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6.4 Estimate Activity Duration
• The process of approximating the number of
work periods needed to complete individual
activities with estimated resources.
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Estimate Activity Duration: Inputs(1)
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1. Schedule Management Plan
2. Activity List.
3. Activity Attributes
4. Activity Resource Requirements
5. Resource Calendar
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Estimate Activity Duration: Inputs (2)
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6. Scope Statement
7. Risk Register
8. Resource Breakdown Structure
9. Enterprise Environmental Factors
10.Organization Process AssetsPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Estimate Activity Duration: T & T (1)
41
1. Expert Judgment
2. Analogous Estimating (Top-down) -
Use actual values of a similar project
3. Parametric Estimating
4. Group Decision making techniques
5. Reserve Analysis
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Estimate Activity Duration: T & T (2)6. Three-point Estimate
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Program Evaluation & Review Technique
(PERT) Uses a weighted average duration estimate to
calculate activity durations.
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Gantt ChartBar charts are relatively easy to read, and are
frequently used in management presentations.
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Estimate Activity Duration: Outputs
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1. Activity Duration Estimates: Quantitative
estimates of the likely duration of each
activity as well as the range of
possible results ( 10 ± 2 day )
2. Project Document UpdatesPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Quiz
The optimistic estimate is 1, the pessimistic
estimate is 9 & the most likely estimate is
8. What is the PERT estimate?
A. 9
B. 7
C. 8
D. 6
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6.6 Develop Schedule
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The process of analyzing activity
sequence, durations, resource
requirements, & schedule constraints
to create a project schedule.
Developing an acceptable schedule is
often an iterative process.
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roject Time Management https://www.facebook.com/waleed.na
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Develop Schedule: Inputs (1)
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1. Schedule Management Plan
2. Activity List
3. Activity Attributes
4. Project Schedule Network Diagrams
5. Activity Resource Requirements
6. Resource Calendars
7. Activity Duration EstimatesPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Develop Schedule: Inputs (2)
52
8.Project Scope Statement
9. Risk Register
10.Project Staff Assignment
11.Resource Breakdown Structure
12.Enterprise Environmental
Factors 13.Organizational Process
Assets
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Develop Schedule: T & T
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1. Schedule Network Analysis
2. Critical Path Method
3. Critical Chain Method
4. Resource Optimization Techniques
A. Resource Leveling
B. Resource Smoothing
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Develop Schedule: T & T
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5. Modeling Techniques
• What-if scenario analysis
• Simulation
6. Leads and Lags
7. Schedule Compression
• Crashing
• Fast tracking
8. Scheduling ToolsPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
The longest duration path through a network
diagram which represents the shortest time to
complete theproject
Critical Path
A:2
End
StartD : 2
B : 3 C : 4
E : 2 H : 2
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Critical Chain
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Resource Leveling & Smoothing
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Duration Compression
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Duration compression is a special case of
mathematical analysis to shorten the project
schedule without changing the project scope
Crashing : cost & schedule tradeoffs are analyzed
to determine how to obtain the greatest amount of
compression for the least incremental cost.
Fast-tracking: doing activities in parallel that
would normally be done in sequence. Fast
tracking often results in rework and usually
increases risk.PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Develop Schedule: Outputs1. Schedule Baseline
2. Project Schedule• Milestone Charts• Bar Charts• Schedule Network Diagrams
3. Schedule Data
4. Project Calendar
5. Project Management Plan Updates
6. Project Document Updates 59PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Float
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• Total float (Slack): the amount of time an
activity can be delayed without delaying the
project end date or/and intermediary milestone.
• Free Float (Slack): the amount of time an activity
can be delayed without delaying the start of its
successor.
• Project Float: the amount of time a project can
be delayed without delaying the externally
imposed project completion date.
PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
QuizWhich of the following is the BEST project
management tool to use to determine the longest
time the project will take?
A. WBS
B. Network Diagram
C. Bar chart
D. Project Charter
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QuizWhich of the following is correct?
A. A schedule can have several critical paths
B. There must be only one critical path
C. The network diagram will change every time
the end date changes
D. A project can never have negative float
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6.6 Control Schedule
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The process of monitoring the status of
the project to update project progress and
manage changes to schedule baseline.
Concerned with:
Determine current status
Influence the factors that cause changes
Manage actual changes as they occurPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Control Schedule: Inputs
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1. Project Management Plan
2. Project Schedule
3. Work Performance Data
4. Project Calendars
5. Schedule Data
6. Organizational Process Assets
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Control Schedule: T & T (1)
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1. Performance Reviews
Trend Analysis
Critical Path Method
Critical Chain Method
Earned Value Management
2. Project Management Software
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Control Schedule: T & T (2)
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3. Resource Optimization Techniques
4. Modeling Techniques
5. Leads and Lags
6. Schedule compression
7. Scheduling ToolPMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
Control Schedule: Outputs
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1. Work Performance Information
2. Schedule Forecasts
3. Change Requests
4. Project Management Plan Update
1. Schedule baseline
2. Schedule Management Plan
3. Cost baseline
5. Project Document Updates
6. Organizational Process Assets Updates PMP - Project Time Managementfacebook.com/Sheta.Page
QuizAll of the following relate to controlling
the
schedule EXCEPT:
A. Value analysis.
B. Crashing.
C. Float.
D. Mandatory dependencies
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