,d iqjkuh xaxk unh ij fLFkr rhFkksZ ds fy, çfl) ‘kgj gSA dbZ /kkÆed O;fDr ;gka vkdj Luku djrs gS vkSj çfr o”kZ gksus okys R;ksgkjks dk vkUun ysrs gSA

xaxk unh ds rV ij fLFkr nsoh vofUrdk ,oa Hkxoku f’ko ds çfl) efUnj ;gka fLFkr gSA

ujksjk] cqyUn’kgj ftys esa fLFkr gS vkSj ijek.kq fctyh dsUæ ds fy, çfl) gSAujksjk ijek.kq fo|qr dsUæ] Hkkjr ds ijek.kq ÅtkZ fuxe fyfeVsM dh ,d bdkbZ ;gka fLFkr gS] tks xaxk unh ds rV ij fLFkr gSA ujksjk esa gjk Hkjk okrkoj.k gS vkSj ;g yxHkx nf{k.k&iwoZ ds cqyUn’kgj ls nf{k.k & iwoZ esa 60 fd0eh0 vkSj fnYyh ls 150 fd0eh0 gSA

[kqtkZ nks ckrks ds fy, tkuk tkrk gS & crZuks vkSj [kqpZu ¼feBkbZ½ ds fy,A [kqtkZ] fnYyh ls dsoy 100 fd0eh0 ij fLFkr gS] gkaykfd [kqtkZ] mRrj çns’k {ks= dk ,d NksVk ‘kgj gS] ijUrq ns’k esa bLrseky gksus okys feVVh ds crZuks dh Hkkjh ek=k esa vkiwÆr ;gh ls dh gSA ;gka phuh feVVh ds crZu cukus okyh yxHkx 400 QSDfVª;ka gSA

xaxk ds rV ij] ;gka dbZ eafnj fLFkr gSA ;gka Hkxoku guqeku dk fo’ks”k eafnj gS] ftlesa Hkxoku guqeku dh 40 QqV mPph ewÆr fLFkr gSA

cqyUn’kgj esa n’kZuh; txg LFkkuh; unh ij ou psruk dsUæ ¼ou thou psruk dsUæ½ gS] tks fd ou foHkkx ljdkj }kjk çfrcaf/kr gS ;gka ij fLFkr gSA

ftyk cqyUn’kgj dk vkS|ksfxd {ks= ;gka fLFkr gS] tks cqyUn’kgj ls 18 fd0eh0 nwj eq[; thVh jksM+ ij fnYyh dh vksj gSA fofHkUu oL=] isaV] nok] lhesaV] bLikr] bySDVªksfuDl m|ksx ;gka fLFkr gSA

d.kZokl%& ;g egkHkkjr ds le; ds egku jktk d.kZ dh txg gS] tks gj jkst 50 fd0yks0 lksuk nku fd;k djrs FksA ;gka nsoh dY;k.kh dk çfl) eafnj fLFkr gSA

csyksu%& ;gka nsoh csyksu dk çfl) eafnj fLFkr gSA

Pksyk%& fccdkSy] #lh lg;ksx ls iksfy;ks oSDlhu QSDVªh ;gka fLFkr gSA

ts0 ih0 xkSM] m?keh ts0 ih0 xkSM baQzkLVªDpj] bathfu;fjax] lhesaV] gkbZMªks&ikoj] vkbZVh] daLVªD’ku] gkLihVsfyVh] ,Dlçsl&os fuekZ.k o ‘kSf{kd laLFkku {ks= ds ljrkt m?keh gSaA ts0 ih0 xkSM dk yxk;k NksVk lk m?ke dk cfx;k vkt fojkV oVo`{k dk #i ys pqdk gSA mudk tUe ftys ds xkao fpV~Vk esa 2 tuojh 1931 dks gqvkA firk cythr flag Ñf”k foHkkx ds i;Zos{kd FksA fuEu&e/;e oxhZ; ifjokj esa iys&c<sA #Mdh ds FkkEilu bathfu;fjax dkyst ls bathfu;fjax esa fMIyksek fd;kA çns’k ljdkj dh ukSdjh feyhA ysfdu 1958

esa ukSdjh NksMdj flfoy dkVªsDVj¼Bsdsnkj½ cusA NksVh&lh Bsdsnkjh ls ns’k ds fnXxt fuekZ.k daiuh cukus dk lQj fdlh jksekap ls de ugh gSA ts0 ih0 xkSM us 1979 esa t; çdk’k ,lksfl,V daiuh çbosV fyfeVsM dh LFkkiuk dhA loZçFke gkbZMªks&bysfDVªd¼iufctyh½ vkSj gksVy fuekZ.k esa HkkX; vktek;kA mUgksus gksVy fl)kFkZ o olar dkafVusaVy dk fuekZ.k djk;kA vkt Hkh nksuks gksVy gkfLiVsfyVh baMLVªh esa ,d lQy uke ekuk tkrk gSA tsih xzqi dh vusd ‘kk[kk,a gSA tsih xzqi fofo/k {ks=ks esa lQy uke gSA tsih xzqi ns’k dh lcls cMh futh iufctyh fuekZrk daiuh gSA ;g vHkh ns’k dh djhc 700 esxkokV fctyh vkiwÆr djrh gSA mudk igukok vkSj cksypky esa BsB cqyan’kgjh Bld fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA vuwi’kgj esa rhu ‘kSf{kd laLFkku o ,d bathfu;fjax dkyst dh LFkkeuk djkus dh ?kks”k.kk dh gSA

ds0 ih0 flag] m?keh Mh,y,Q daiuh ds Lokeh ds0 ih0 flag dk tUe 15 vxLr 1931 dks gqvkA mUgksus esjB fo’ofo?kky; ls Lukrd fd;kA blds ckn baXySaM ls ,;jksukWfVdy bathfu;fjax dhA fczfV’k vkfQllZ lsysD’ku cksMZ ;wds }kjk vk;ksftr çfr;ksfxrk ijh{kk ls og Hkkjrh; lsuk ds fy, pqusx,A o”kZ 1960 esa vesfjdu ;wuholZy bysfDVªd daiuh Tokbu fd;kA o”kZ 1979 esa Mh,y,Q ;wfuolZy fyfeVsM dh LFkkiuk dhA dq’ky iky us dq’ky foRrh; çca/ku vkSj j.kuhfr fuekZ.k dkS’ky vkSj n`f”V ds dkj.k tYn gh Hkkjr ds fnXxt jh;y bLVsV vkbdu cusA iwjs ns’k ds ntZuks ‘kgjks esa Mh,y,Q ds xxupaqch vikVZesaV] xksYQ dkslZ] vR;k/kqfud O;kolkf;d dkaIysDl cus gSA o”kZ 2008 esa fo’o ds lcls /kuh jh;y bLVsV m?keh cuus esa lQy jgsA blh o”kZ QkscsZl if=dk esa mUgs fo’o dk Vki&Vsu vjcifr;ksa dh lwph esa ‘kfey fd;k x;kA Mh,y,Q ds ntZuks çkstsDV çxfr ij gSA

larks“k vkuan] xhrdkj nks n’kd rd ckyhoqM esa fnXxt xhrdkj #i dsa Nk, jgs xhrdkj larks”k vkuan dk tUe fldanjkckn ds eksgYyk dk;LFkokM+k esa ekLVj vej flag vej eqtQQjkcknh ds ?kj 5 ekpZ 1939 dks gqvkA ‘k;j firk ds ?kj gqbZ ijofj’k us mUgs cpiu ls gh lkfgR; ls tksM+ fn;kA;gha ds ,e,l dkyst ls gkbZ Ldwy o vxzlsu baVj dkyst ls baVj dh f’k{kk xzg.k dhA mudh ij[k lRrj ds n’kd esa vfHkusrk eukst dqekj us dhA mUgksus viuh fQYeks ds vusd xhr larks”k vkuan ls fy[kok, tks fd vkt Hkh ykdfç; gSA fQYe iwjc vkSj if’pe] dzkafr] çse jksx] I;kl lkou] jksVh diM+k vkSj edku lfgr ntZuks fgV fQYeksa esa mUgksus xhr fy[ksA mUgksus gj ewM ds xhr fy[ksA elyu ,d I;kj dk uxek gS--------xhr esa tgka csgn lathnxh vkSj Hkkouk dh lrjaxh yisV gS] ogha fQYe dzkafr dk xhr puk tksj xje ckcw eSa yk;k etsnkj------esa vyx gh fcankl fetkt gSA eaph; dfo ds #i esa Hkh mudh çfr”Bk gSA

Mk0 fxfjjkt flag fljksgh ftys ds xkao lSniqj ds yksxksa us tgka lhek dh igjsnkjh djrs gq, ‘kgknr nh] ogh dqN ,sls dk;Z Hkh fd;s] tks ehy dk iRFkj lkfcr gq,A oSKkfud Mk0 fxfjjkt flag fljksgh ,sls igys Hkkjrh; gS] ftuds ikao vaVkdZfVdk ij iM+sA mUgksus csgn [krjukd ifjfLFkfr;ksa es 1961 esa iwjs lkS fnuks rd ogka ‘kks/k fd;kA blds egRo dk vanktk bl ckr ls yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd vesfjdh ljdkj us nf{k.kh /kzqo ds vaVkdZfVdk ds ,d [kkl {ks= dk uke *fljksgh ikbaV* j[kA

lqfuf/k pkSgku] xkf;dk ckWyhoqM dh ;g e’kgwj xkf;dk tuin ds [kqtkZ dLcs ds xkao vjfu;ka dh ewy fuoklh gSaA muds firk nq”;ar pkSgku Hkh xk;d gSA laxhr ;k=k dks vk;ke nsus ds uh;r ls iSarhl o”kZ iwoZ nq”;ar pkSgku mQZ lq/khj pkSgku viuk iSr`d xkao NksM+dj fnYyh pys x,A ogka viuh ,d E;wftdy ekVhZ cukbZ] ogha laxhr {ks= esa uke jks’ku djus yxsA fQYe funsZ’kd jke xksiky oekZ us eLr fQYe esa lqfuf/k dks czsd fn;kA bl fQYe ds VkbVy lkax gqbZ gqbZ eSa eLr----- fgV gqbZA blds ckn lqfuf/k us dHkh ihNs eqM+ dj ugh ns[kkA blds ckn #dh #dh lh ftanxh xhr us laxhr dfj;j dks LihM nhA vksadkjk fQYe ds xhr chM+h tybys ftxj ls fi;k us ,slh /kwe epkbZ fd gj tqcka ij ;g xhr p<+ x;kA o”kZ 2007 esa bl xhr ij lqfuf/k dks csLV Iys&cSd flaxj dk fQYe Qs;j vokMZ feykA lqfuf/k dks vkbZvkbZ,Q,] th&flus vokMZ lfgr ntZuks vokMZ fey pqds gSA

vfer pkS/kjh] ckMh fcYMj vfer pkS/kjh ikap nQk feLVj bafM;k vkSj nl ckj jk”Vªh;&varjk”Vªh; rexs gSA vfer pkS/kjh dk tUe 28 flrEcj 1982 dks cqyUn’kgj uxj esa gqvkA nknk pkS/kjh [ktku flag bykds ds tkus ekus igyoku Fks] firk xqyohj flag ,MoksdsV Hkh LiksVZ~l ilZu jgs gSA vfer us loZçFke o”kZ 2003 esa QSMjs’ku di fe0 bafM;k esa f’kjdr dh vkSj ;gkaij çFke iqjLdkj çkIr dj fe0 bafM;k dk f[krkc vius uke fd;kA vxys o”kZ 2004 esa fHkykbZ esa vk;ksftr QSMjs’ku di fe0 bafM;k jgsA og nks ckj vkWy bafM;k baVj ;wfuoÆlVh pSafi;u] pkj ckj fe0 ukFkZ bafM;k pSafi;u vkSj ianzg ckj fe0 ;wih pSafi;uf’ki dk f[krkc gkfly dj pqds gSA vfer us jk”Vªh; çfr;ksfxrkvks ds ckn varjjk”Vªh; Lrj ds f[krkcks dh vksj #[k fd;kA o”kZ 2004 esa dksyacks esa vk;ksftr fe0 lkmFk ,f’k;k pSafi;uf’ki vius uke fd;kA teZuh esa vk;kftr 7 oha oYMZ xse çfr;ksfxrk esa NBs LFkku ij jgsA dksfj;k esa gqbZ fe0 ,f’k;k pSafi;uf’ki es nwljk LFkku gkfly fd;kA o”kZ 2007 esa phu ds ‘kgj ‘ka?kkbZ esa gqbZ fe0 ,f’k;k esa NBk LFkku çkIr fd;kA 2008 gkaxdkax esa gqbZ fe0 ,f’k;k pSafi;uf’ki esa nwljk LFkku çkIr fd;k vkSj blh o”kZ baMksusf’k;k esa vk;ksftr igys chp&xsEl ¼leqnzrVh; çfr;ksfxrk½ esa Hkkjr dk çfrfuf/kRo fd;kA blesa os Vhe ds dIrku Hkh FksA mudh >ksyh esa dbZ ind vk,A vDVwcj 2009 esa fe0 ;wfuolZ pSafi;uf’ki nksgk drj esa gqbZ çfr;ksfxrk esa pkSFkk LFkku çkIr fd;kA o”kZ 2010 esa vfer dks y{eu iq#Ldkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

lksuy pkSgku & vfHkus=h] ekWMy bejku gk’keh ds lkFk viuh igyh fQYe tUur esa vnkdkjh dk yksgk euok pqdh lksuy pkSgku dk tUe ;wih iqfyl esa dk;Zjr firk j?kqjkt flag pkSgku dh cqyUn’kgj rSukrh ds nkSjku gqvk FkkA Qsfeuk fel bafM;k 2005 esa Hkkx ysdj O;wolZ Pokbl vokMZ thrus esa lQy jghA blds ckn eysf’k;k esa vk;ksftr fel oYMZ VwfjTe çfr;ksfxrk thrus okyh igyh Hkjrh; cuhA dbZ çeq[k çkMDV ds fy;s ekMfyax dj pqdh lksuy bl le; ,e,Q gqlSu ds cSuj rys cu jgh fQYe esa dke dj jgh gSA

esjkt [kku] ‘kwVj fu’kkusckt esjkt [kku ij ikWVjh uxjh [kqtkZ gh ugha iwjs ns’k dks ukt gSA esjkt us ns’k&fons’k esa gksus okyh dbZ LdhV ‘kkWVxu çfr;ksfxrk esa ‘kkunkj çn’kZu fd;k gSA o”kZ 2006 esa nksgk esa vk;ksftr varjkZ”Vªh; LdhV ‘kkVxu çfr;ksfxrk esa esjkt dks Hkkjrh; Vhe ds usr`Ro dk volj fey pqdk gSA ;gh uke yxkrkj nks ckj o”kZ 2006 vkSj 2007 dk flaxkiqj vksiu pSafi;u jgk gS esjktA bl lky caxykns’k esa vk;ksftr lSQ pSafi;uf’ki esa pkanh dk rexk ykus esa lQy jgk gSA esjkt dks fu’kkusckth fojklr esa feyhA esjkt dk tUe 2 uoEcj 1977 dks [kqtkZ uxj ds eksgYyk [os’kKku iBkuckM+k esa gqvkA muds firk bfy;kl vgen [kku Hkh tkusekus fu’kkusckt jgs gSaA dkyst thou ds nkSjku fdzdsV ds XySej us viuh vksj [khap fy;kA mUgksus fdzdsV esa ohuw ekaMd VªkQh] dwp fogkj VªkQh [ksyhA fdzdsV ds lkFk&lkFk fu’kkusckth dk vH;kl Hkh ‘kkSdh;k rkSj ij djrs jgsA esjkt us 1999 twfu;j us’kuy pSafi;uf’ki esa nwljk LFkku çkIr fd;kA blds ckn og fu’kkusckth esa dke;kch ds fur u, vk;ke Nwrk pyk x;kA o”kZ 1999 ls ysdj vo rd og çfro”kZ jk”Vªh; ‘kkVxu LdhV çfr;ksfxrk esa fgLlk ysrs vk jgs gSA bl çfr;ksfxrk esa esjkt us o”kZ 1999] 2007] 2009 esa xksYM esMy çkIr fd;kA fnYyh eds gksus okys dkeuosYFk xsEl esa muls ns’k dks ind dh mEehn gSA

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