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Outline
• Reference List• To Explore Further…• Major Applications• Introduction• Components of a Pneumatic System• Pneumatic System Basics• NORGREN 92000/M• Advantages/Disadvantages
Reference List
Robert H. Bishop, THE MECHATRONICS HANDBOOK, CRC Press, 2002.
NORGREN, (2004, Mar. 2). “Norgren-Webstore” (2003) [Online]. Available: http://webstore.usu.norgren.com/catalogue.asp
NORGREN, (2004, Mar. 2). “Norgen Pneumatics” (2004) [Online]. Available: http://www.norgren.com
To Explore Further…
• Good site with links to Pneumatic related information – http://www.pneumatic-source.com/
• Resource sites with many Pneumatic manufacturers and information– http://
www.hydraquip.com/products/indexOklahomaPNEUM.htm
– http://www.petropages.com/keywords/k2229.htm
– http://www.manufacture.com.tw/tpo4/product-category/hydraulic.htm
Major Applications
Industrial Applications– Production Automation– Process Automation– Vehicular Applications– Monitoring storage capacity
Cryogenic Systems– Vehicular– Industrial
High Temperature Applications (500+ C)
Introduction
• There are three main types of power with which actuation systems work:– Electric Power– Hydraulic Power– Pneumatic Power
• Pneumatic systems make use of cylinders (linear motors) and rotary motors, the motion of which is governed by a compressible gas (compressed air or generic gas).
Components of a Pneumatic System• Compressed air generation system
– Compressor– Cooler– Storage Tank– Intake and Output Filters
• Compressed air treatment unit– FLR (Filter, regulator, lubrifier) Assembly
• Valve (Regulator of the pneumatic system)• Actuator (Converts pneumatic power into mechanical
power)• Piping• Sensors and Transducers• System Display
– Physical Magnitude Measurement– Control Devices
Pneumatic System Basics...• The figure below illustrates a basic
fluid actuation system.-Command Part represents the control commends sent from Controller
-Sensors provide feedback from the Actuator to the Controller
-The Actuator is a double-acting cylinder in this case
“The Mechatronics Handbook”
Pneumatic System Basics...
• Piston Compressor Types– Single Action
– Double Action
“The Mechatronics Handbook”
“The Mechatronics Handbook”
Pneumatic System Basics...
• Valve Classification– Directional
• Determine the passage and the flow of the air current by means of appropriate moving parts contained in them actuated from the outside.
– On-Off• Unidirectional valves. Only allow air to move in one
direction. Also known as non-return or check valves.
– Pressure Regulator• Relief and pressure limiter are the two kinds of
pressure regulators.
– Flow-Rate Regulator
Pneumatic System Basics...
• Two types of Valve control– PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
• Sample of PWM signal used to control valve
– Proportional• Normally three-way, with double poppets or
with spool
“The Mechatronics Handbook”
• Very compact—approximately one third the basic length of a corresponding conventional cylinder
• Entirely manufactured from corrosion resistant materials
• Standard magnetic piston provides a wide range of control options
NORGREN 92000/M
“Norgren-Webstore”
• The NORGREN 92000/M series is a Double Acting Cylinder as shown below:
• Cylinder Variations:
NORGREN 92000/M
“Norgren-Webstore”
“Norgren-Webstore”
• Theoretical Forces-Air Consumption-Torque
• Cylinder Variations:
NORGREN 92000/M
“Norgren-Webstore”
“Norgren-Webstore”
Advantages/Disadvantages
• Advantages of Pneumatics– Better bandwidth than electromagnetics– Large load disturbance immunity– Works good at high temperatures (500+ C)
• Disadvantages of Pneumatics– “Stick-Slip” (intermittent motion at low movement
speeds due to friction forces– Inferior to Hydraulics in some ways